| HS Code | 180238 |
| Appearance | Clear to translucent homogeneous liquid |
| Composition | Acrylic copolymer emulsion |
| Solid Content | 50 ± 2 % |
| Viscosity | 800 - 2000 mPa·s at 25°C |
| Ph | 7.5 - 9.0 |
| Density | 1.02 - 1.06 g/cm³ |
| Film Hardness | 2H pencil hardness |
| Flexibility | Passes 2 mm mandrel bend without cracking |
| Adhesion | Cross-cut classification 0/1 on steel and aluminum |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 20°C |
| Minimum Film Forming Temperature | 5°C |
| Water Resistance | No blistering or loss of adhesion after 24 h water immersion |
| Solvent Resistance | Resistant to short contact with alcohols and acetone |
| Drying Time | Dry-to-touch in 30 minutes; full cure in 72 hours at 25°C |
As an accredited Film-forming Resin Taihe Technology factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Film-forming Resin Taihe Technology is supplied in sealed 25 kg drums, with proper labeling and protective packaging for safe transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Film-forming Resin Taihe Technology shipped as 20′ FCL, packed on pallets in sealed drums, ensuring safe, efficient transport. |
| Shipping | Film-forming resin from Taihe Technology is shipped in sealed drums or IBC containers to prevent moisture contamination and polymerization. Keep upright, dry, and away from direct heat during transit. Standard non-hazardous ground freight applies unless MSDS indicates otherwise. Ensure proper labeling and ventilation to maintain product stability. |
| Storage | Store Film-forming Resin Taihe Technology in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Avoid moisture and humidity. Maintain temperatures between 5–35°C. Ensure containers are upright and undamaged. Keep separate from oxidizers, acids, and food materials. Follow safety data sheet instructions. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 6–12 months from manufacture when stored unopened in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. |
In matte interior wall paint production, Taihe Technology film-forming resin is introduced as the primary binder at 12–18 wt% of the total wet formulation, with the higher end reserved for PVC 75–85% low-cost formulations where binder demand per unit pigment surface area rises. The dispersion must satisfy GB/T 9756-2018 and GB 18582-2020 restrictions on volatile organic compounds, while European batches require compliance with Directive 2004/42/EC Phase B limits of 30 g/L for interior matt wall paints. During the pigment dispersion stage, a high-speed disperser equipped with a Cowles blade is operated at 18–22 m/s tip speed for 15–20 min to achieve a Hegman fineness of 20–25 μm. The resin is then added during letdown at impeller speeds below 800 rpm to avoid shear-induced coagulum. Because the resin exhibits an MFFT in the range of 10–15 °C, coalescent demand is typically 3–5 wt% on binder solids. This demand must be confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry on the dried film rather than by formulation arithmetic alone. The terminal product is a 70–75 KU matte wall paint applied at 150–180 μm wet film thickness. After 7 days at 23±2 °C and 50±5% RH, scrub resistance is evaluated under ASTM D2486 or ISO 11998. A known process conflict appears when associative HEUR thickeners are post-added without 15 min of low-shear equilibration. The resulting syneresis on shelf storage is not a resin deficiency but a rheology sequencing error.
Pressure-sensitive adhesive compounding with Taihe Technology film-forming resin begins not with a viscosity target but with a choice between cohesive strength and room-temperature tack. The formulation window for removable and semi-removable label applications consists of 90–95 parts dry resin, 5–15 parts rosin ester or hydrocarbon tackifier dispersion, 0.2–0.5 wt% silicone-free wetting agent, and 0.1–0.3 wt% mineral-oil defoamer. Compliance for food contact labelling on dry food packaging is assessed under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 and GB 9685-2016. The adhesive is coated onto 50 μm PET release liner or cast polypropylene liner using a comma coater or slot-die head with a dry coat weight of 20–25 g/m². In the drying tunnel, zone temperatures of 80 °C, 110 °C, and 130 °C are used with line speeds of 80–120 m/min. Residual moisture above 0.5 wt% is not acceptable because it depresses shear adhesion failure temperature in subsequent converting. Peel adhesion is tested at 180° per ASTM D3330, loop tack per ASTM D6195, and static shear per ASTM D3654 at 1 kg and 23 °C. The critical process threshold is the drying-rate profile. If the first zone exceeds 90 °C, surface skinning produces macro-bubble defects that are mistaken for poor wetting. Insufficient final-zone temperature leaves a tacky web that blocks in roll form. Published data for this specific resin in UV-crosslinkable pressure-sensitive adhesive configurations is limited, so external crosslinker addition should be validated on production-scale equipment before specification.
For rotary-screen pigment printing of cotton single jersey, Taihe Technology film-forming resin functions as the low-Tg binder that binds pigment particles to fibre and creates an elastic film at the fabric surface. The print paste is prepared with 2–6 wt% aqueous pigment dispersion, 8–15 wt% resin on paste weight, 1.5–2.5 wt% synthetic thickener, 0.5–1.0 wt% ammonium sulfate, and balance soft water. The resin level is deliberately kept above 8 wt% because lower concentrations produce microfractures when the garment is stretched to 20% elongation during wear. Compliance is verified against Oeko-Tex Standard 100 Appendix 4 limits for free formaldehyde and arylamines, and GB 18401-2010 for textile safety categories. In the rotary screen unit, mesh counts of 80–125 threads/cm are used with a magnetic squeegee pressure of 2–4 bar, belt speed 15–25 m/min, and hot-air curing at 150–160 °C for 3 min. The film must reach minimum crosslink density before the fabric leaves the oven or crock fastness will be lost after the first home laundering. Crock fastness is measured under AATCC 8, wash fastness under AATCC 61, and fabric tensile retention under ISO 13934-1. The known formulation conflict is between handle and fastness. Increasing resin to 15 wt% raises dry crock ratings but produces boardy hand. Lowering resin to 8 wt% and adding a silicone softener can restore handle but creates a blocking tendency in rolls stored above 35 °C. Crosslinker addition must be sequenced to avoid premature gelation in the print paste when the pot life exceeds 6 h.
Coated paper and paperboard for folding carton food packaging uses Taihe Technology film-forming resin as a cobinder in the pigment coating colour, where it contributes ink holdout and dry-pick resistance without the formaldehyde release associated with some aminoplast crosslinkers. The coating formulation comprises 100 parts ground calcium carbonate, 0–30 parts kaolin clay, 10–18 parts dry resin, 2–6 parts ethylated starch, and 0.5–1.0 part calcium stearate at a final solids content of 60–65% and Brookfield viscosity of 800–1500 mPa·s at 100 rpm. Regulatory compliance for direct food contact paper is confirmed under FDA 21 CFR 176.170 and 176.180, while the Chinese national requirement follows GB 9685-2016 and the European framework (EC) No 1935/2004. Application occurs on a blade coater with a blade gap of 0.2–0.5 mm and a dry coat weight of 8–12 g/m² per side, followed by calendering at 80 °C and 150 kN/m linear pressure. Printability is assessed by IGT dry pick resistance under ISO 3783 and dry rub resistance. The primary process conflict is excessive soluble calcium ion migration from carbonate that destabilizes the dispersion in hard water above 300 ppm CaCO₃, leading to microscopic gel specks visible only after printing.
| Standard/Regulation | Application Boundary | Verification Condition |
|---|---|---|
| FDA 21 CFR 176.170 | Paper components contacting aqueous and fatty foods | Migration cell with food simulants per FDA guidance |
| FDA 21 CFR 176.180 | Paper components contacting dry foods | Migration testing with Tenax under 40 °C |
| GB 9685-2016 | Additives in food contact paper and board | Specific migration limits per additive schedule |
| (EC) No 1935/2004 | General food contact materials framework | Article 3 safety verification and traceability |
| ISO 3783 | Paper and board dry pick resistance | IGT pick test at 23±1 °C and 50±2% RH |
In leather finishing, replacement of acetone-bearing basecoats with aqueous Taihe Technology film-forming resin is driven by REACH Annex XVII restrictions and ZDHC Manufacturing Restricted Substances List conformance, but the solvent removal changes drying and adhesion behaviour. The basecoat formulation contains 20–30 parts resin dispersion per 100 parts liquid coating, plus 5–10 parts pigment paste, 2–4 parts wax dispersion, and 1–3 parts associative thickener. pH is adjusted to 8.0–8.5 with ammonia or aminomethyl propanol. Application uses HVLP spray guns at 1.5–2.0 bar atomising air, with 3–5 cross-coats at 10–15 g/m² wet per coat and intermediate drying at 60 °C for 5 min. The finished crust is then platen-pressed at 80 °C and 100 bar for 3 s to set the film. Adhesion is tested per ISO 11644, wet and dry rub fastness per ISO 11640, and flex resistance per ISO 5402. The critical boundary is drying before the first platen pass. If residual water in the film exceeds 8–10%, steam blisters form inside the grain layer and cannot be repaired by additional topcoat. A second conflict appears when the resin is formulated with high levels of butyl glycol ether as a temporary coalescent. Although film formation improves, the finished leather may fail the 24-hour fogging test under DIN 75201, so coalescent selection must be restricted to low-volatility grades.
Polymer-modified cementitious waterproofing membranes with Taihe Technology film-forming resin must resolve a kinetic conflict: the resin needs a low MFFT for film coalescence at 5 °C, but early rain resistance requires a dense, hydrophobic film within 6–8 h of application. The two-component mix uses a polymer-to-cement ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:2.5 by weight, with the polymer dispersion added to the cementitious powder under a slow-speed paddle mixer at 300–400 rpm for 3–5 min. Flow is adjusted to 140–160 mm per GB/T 2419. Compliance is evaluated under GB/T 23445-2009 for cementitious waterproofing coatings, JC/T 984-2011 for polymer-modified cementitious waterproofing mortar, and EN 14891:2017 for liquid-applied water impermeable products in ceramic tiling. Application occurs in two coats, each 0.8–1.0 kg/m², with the second coat applied perpendicular to the first after 4–6 h at 20 °C. Testing includes crack bridging at -10 °C, water impermeability at 0.3 MPa for 30 min, and adhesion after water immersion. The observed field failure mode is not film cracking but re-emulsification. If the membrane is exposed to rain before 8 h, surface tack reappears and the cured layer loses intercoat adhesion. Published data for this specific resin in thick-film exterior-grade waterproofing below 0 °C is limited, so cold-weather application trials must measure film coalescence by differential scanning calorimetry from scrape samples rather than relying on ambient appearance.
Water-based flexographic inks for surface-printed BOPP and CPP flexible packaging use Taihe Technology film-forming resin as the principal letdown vehicle, where it must wet corona-treated polyolefin at surface energies of 38–40 mN/m while retaining resolubility on the anilox roll. The ink formulation contains 20–30 wt% resin solids, 15–25 wt% pigment, 50–60 wt% water/ethanol mixture, and 1–3 wt% of amine-neutralized dispersant and defoamer. The amine choice is limited to low-odour tertiary amines because residual amine on print can generate organoleptic failures in confectionery packaging. Regulatory compliance follows EuPIA good manufacturing practice, REACH, FDA 21 CFR 175.300 for indirect food contact, and GB 9685-2016. Printing is conducted on a central impression flexographic press with anilox rolls of 400–800 LPI, chambered doctor blade angle of 30–35°, and line speeds of 150–250 m/min. Interstation dryers operate at 60–80 °C with air impingement velocity above 20 m/s. Adhesion is checked by tape test, crinkle test, and block resistance at 40 °C and 90% RH for 24 h. The main process conflict is between drying speed and print definition. Raising resin solids increases rewet adhesion and colour strength but slows drying and causes blocking on the rewind at speeds above 200 m/min. Reducing resin solids restores drying speed but produces pinholing on large solid areas.
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Film-forming Resin Taihe Technology is manufactured as a carboxylated acrylic copolymer dispersion with a predominantly hydrophobic acrylic backbone and controlled carboxylic acid functionality. The product family is supplied in three model designations—TH-FR 10, TH-FR 25, and TH-FR 40—differentiated by minimum film-forming temperature, solids content, and carboxylation density. Supplier technical documentation lists MFFT under ISO 2115:2000 at 10 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C, respectively. Solids content measured by ISO 3251:2019 is 50 ± 1 wt% for TH-FR 10 and TH-FR 25, and 48 ± 1 wt% for TH-FR 40. Brookfield viscosity at 20 °C, spindle 4, 60 rpm under ISO 2555:2018 is reported as 1 800–2 400 mPa·s for TH-FR 10, 2 200–3 000 mPa·s for TH-FR 25, and 3 000–4 200 mPa·s for TH-FR 40. The dispersion is anionically stabilized; as-supplied pH is typically 7.5–8.5. The product does not require external plasticizer for ambient film formation when formulated with 5–8 wt% coalescing agent on total resin solids.
Film formation proceeds through water evaporation, particle packing, and polymer interdiffusion. In high-MFFT grades such as TH-FR 40, insufficient coalescent produces discontinuous film at substrate temperatures below 12 °C. Coalescent demand scales with carboxylation level: TH-FR 10 typically requires 4–6 wt% of a glycol ether–ester coalescent, while TH-FR 40 may require 8–10 wt% to depress MFFT to 5 °C. These ranges are formulation-dependent and should be verified by ISO 2115:2000 after 24 h equilibration. At coalescent addition above 12 wt%, pendulum hardness measured by ISO 1522:2022 may decrease by more than 40% after 7 days at 23 °C and 50% RH. Early water resistance also declines when residual coalescent remains entrapped in the film; water spot whitening is commonly observed after 24 h immersion under ISO 2812-2:2018 if forced drying is not applied.
Film thickness interacts with drying conditions. At wet film thickness below 60 µm, surface skinning can seal residual water in the lower layer, producing micro-voids and reduced adhesion in cross-cut testing under ASTM D3359-17. At wet film thickness above 120 µm, solvent-free grades may exhibit foam entrapment unless at least 3–5 wt% of a slow-evaporating coalescent is present. Infrared drying at 60–80 °C for 3–5 min reduces these defects on non-porous substrates.
Conventional vinyl acetate–ethylene dispersions offer lower inherent MFFT and softer films, but their backbone is more susceptible to hydrolysis, alkaline attack, and UV-induced chain scission. The Taihe Technology film-forming resin series replaces the vinyl acetate monomer with a styrene-acrylic or all-acrylic composition, shifting the performance envelope toward higher hardness retention and lower water uptake. The comparative data below are typical open-literature ranges for aqueous film formers, not specific formulation guarantees.
| Property | TH-FR 25 | Vinyl acetate–ethylene dispersion | Solventborne polyurethane |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum film-forming temperature (ISO 2115:2000) | 25 °C | 0–5 °C | Not applicable |
| Water absorption after 24 h (ISO 62:2008) | 8–12% | 15–25% | 2–5% |
| Tensile strength (ISO 527-3:2018) | 6–9 MPa | 3–5 MPa | 25–40 MPa |
| Elongation at break (ISO 527-3:2018) | 300–450% | 600–900% | 200–400% |
| QUV-B 500 h gloss retention (ISO 2813:2014) | 70–85% | 40–60% | 65–80% |
| Hydrolytic stability at pH 12 | Moderate | Low | High |
The absence of vinyl acetate monomer also removes the acetic acid hydrolysis pathway that can lower wet adhesion on alkaline concrete. Solventborne polyurethane remains superior in tensile strength and chemical resistance, but Taihe Technology resins provide a waterborne alternative with lower volatile organic content and simpler line cleanup.
For spray-applied concrete curing membranes, TH-FR 25 is diluted to 20–25 wt% solids and applied at 150–180 µm wet film thickness using low-pressure airless spray equipment with tip orifice 0.019–0.023 in and fluid pressure 60–90 bar. Field data from production lines indicate that moisture retention under ASTM C156-20 remains above 85% at 72 h when the film is continuous and overlaps are maintained at 10–15 cm. Application below 5 °C substrate temperature produces coalescence failure visible as mudcracking and release of free water into the curing membrane. On textured concrete, a wetting agent addition of 0.2–0.5 wt% is required to prevent cratering over form-release residues.Low-shear viscosity measured by ISO 2555:2018 does not predict spray atomization. The dispersion is shear-thinning: at 0.5 s⁻¹ apparent viscosity may be 1 500–3 500 mPa·s, while at 10 000 s⁻¹ it drops below 80 mPa·s when measured by cone-and-plate geometry under ASTM D4287-00(2019). In circulation lines, prolonged high shear promotes mechanical destabilization and filter plugging. Manufacturer technical bulletins recommend limiting pump recirculation to 30 min at 25 °C and avoiding gear pumps with clearances below 50 µm. Storage should be maintained at 5–35 °C; freeze-thaw stability is generally limited to 3 cycles under ASTM D2243-20, with thawing by ambient air rather than direct heat input.
High-shear spraying of TH-FR 40 requires a coalescent pre-dispersion step. Adding coalescent directly to the vortex of a high-speed disperser can generate local concentration spikes and cause micro-gel formation. The preferred procedure is to blend coalescent with water at 1:1 by volume, then meter into the agitated resin over 15–20 min. This maintains particle size below 0.15 µm as measured by laser diffraction and prevents viscosity drift during storage.
On a production rotary screen coating line, TH-FR 10 has been applied to nonwoven polyester at add-on levels of 12–18 g/m². The saturated web is passed through a forced-air oven at 110 °C for 90 s. Cross-direction tensile strength measured by ISO 13934-1:2013 increased by 20–30% relative to the untreated substrate, while handle remained dependent on screen mesh count and drying profile. Foam generation in return troughs was controlled by limiting line speed below 35 m/min and avoiding high-shear mixers. Published data for this specific resin/substrate configuration is limited; the above figures are from external technical reports and should be verified on a pilot line before full production.When ambient humidity exceeds 70%, the tack-free time of TH-FR 25 under ISO 9117-3:2010 extends from approximately 35 min to 90 min at 20 °C. This extension is not linear; at 85% RH, surface tack may persist beyond 180 min unless forced air movement exceeds 0.5 m/s. Substrate pH below 6 destabilizes the anionic dispersion, producing grit formation and loss of filtration stability. Acidic substrates such as lignocellulosic panels or ferrous metal treated with acidic passivators should be neutralized or primed before application. Contact with reactive aluminum pigments at levels above 2 wt% on total formulation may generate hydrogen gas and viscosity rise during storage, especially in closed containers.
Amine-based additives should be avoided when formulating with TH-FR 40. Addition of volatile amines above 0.3 wt% on total formulation can raise pH above 9.5, increasing viscosity and reducing mechanical stability. If pH adjustment is necessary, dilute ammonia solution should be metered slowly with continuous pH monitoring; the final pH should not exceed 9.0. Zinc oxide and reactive zinc-containing pigments should be limited to 1.5 wt% because carboxylate crosslinking can produce a viscosity increase exceeding 100% within 24 h.
| Requirement | Method or regulation | Typical result |
|---|---|---|
| Volatile organic compound content of dispersion | ASTM D2369-10 | < 50 g/L |
| Lead, mercury, cadmium | IEC 62321-5:2013 / RoHS 2011/65/EU | < 100 ppm each |
| Formaldehyde release | EN 717-1:2004 | Not detected at 0.01 ppm |
| Specific migration of heavy metals into aqueous simulant | EU 10/2011 | Below overall migration limit |
Equipment cleanup is performed with water before film coalescence. Dried film requires a solvent blend of 2-butoxyethanol and isopropanol in 1:1 ratio, followed by rinsing with water. Spray booth filters should be changed when pressure drop increases by 25% from baseline to prevent airborne resin fines from accumulating in ductwork.
On textile finishing lines, TH-FR 10 may be blended with glyoxal-based crosslinkers at 0.5–1.5 wt% on bath weight to improve wet tensile retention. Bath stability under 24 h at 30 °C should be confirmed because low-pH crosslinker systems can initiate viscosity drift. The bath should be prepared by adding resin to water under gentle agitation, not reverse addition, to avoid shock precipitation. Filter screens upstream of the pad mangle should be 125 µm or coarser to prevent shear-induced coagulation in the nip.
