Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate
- Product Name: Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate
- Factroy Site: Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Price Inquiry: sales8@ascent-chem.com
- Manufacturer: Ascent Petrochem Holdings Co., Limited
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- Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate is typically used in formulations when high purity and low moisture content and operating temperature and solvent volatility must be controlled within specific ranges.
| HS Code | 554648 |
| Product Name | Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate |
| Chemical Name | Dimethyl Carbonate |
| Grade | Electronic Grade |
| Chemical Formula | C3H6O3 |
| Cas Number | 616-38-6 |
| Molecular Weight | 90.08 g/mol |
| Purity | ≥99.99% |
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent liquid |
| Odor | Mild ester-like odor |
| Boiling Point | 90.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Freezing Point | 2–4 °C |
| Flash Point | 17 °C (closed cup) |
| Density | 1.069 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Refractive Index | 1.369 at 20 °C |
| Viscosity | 0.585 mPa·s at 25 °C |
| Water Content | ≤50 ppm |
| Color Apha | ≤10 |
| Acidity | ≤0.01% as H+ (typical electronic-grade limit) |
| Metal Ion Content | ≤10 ppb (typical electronic-grade limit) |
As an accredited Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate is supplied in 200 L nitrogen-blanketed stainless steel drums, sealed for high-purity contamination control. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate is loaded into a clean, dry 20′ FCL container, properly secured, sealed, labeled, and documented for transport. |
| Shipping | Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate (UN1161, Class 3, PG II) ships as a flammable liquid in sealed, clean, moisture-free containers, optionally nitrogen-blanketed. Keep cool, dry, ventilated, away from ignition sources and oxidizers. Follow DOT/IMDG/IATA dangerous-goods packaging, labeling, and documentation requirements. |
| Storage | Store Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, open flames, and oxidizers. Keep containers tightly sealed, labeled, and protected from moisture and contamination. Use inert gas blanketing if required, ground and bond containers, segregate from acids and bases, and follow local regulations and electrostatic discharge precautions. |
| Shelf Life | Unopened, under dry inert gas and cool storage, electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate typically has a shelf life of about 12–24 months. |
| Parameter | Typical high-purity control band | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Assay | ≥ 99.99% | GC-FID internal normalization |
| Water | ≤ 20 mg/kg | ASTM E203-16 |
| Density at 20 °C | 1.063–1.073 g/cm³ | ASTM D4052-22 |
| Acidity | ≤ 0.1 mg KOH/g | ASTM D1613-06 |
| Non-volatile residue | ≤ 10 mg/kg | ASTM D1353-13 |
| Chloride | ≤ 0.5 mg/kg | EPA 9056A ion chromatography |
| Total metals | ≤ 1 mg/kg | EPA 6020B ICP-MS |
What Changes When DMC Replaces IPA in Post-Solder Defluxing at 40 kHz?
Printed circuit assembly lines that replace isopropanol with electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate in post-solder defluxing obtain a broader cohesion-parameter match for rosin-based solder paste residues, but the process window shifts because dimethyl carbonate exhibits a closed-cup flash point of 17 °C and a boiling point of 90 °C, placing it firmly within flammable-liquid handling requirements. In a typical inline defluxing module, populated boards pass at 0.8–1.2 m/min through a wash sump maintained at 35–45 °C with 40 kHz ultrasonic excitation, then enter two counter-current rinse stages held at 25–30 °C and an air-knife drying zone at 50–60 °C. Dimethyl carbonate is effective against abietic acid and activated rosin carriers because its Hansen solubility parameter set, with a polar component near 6.1 MPa0.5 and a hydrogen-bonding component near 9.3 MPa0.5, positions it within 5 MPa0.5 of the cohesion sphere for common rosin flux residues; medium-density assemblies require 3–5 min dwell, while high-density ball-grid-array designs with low standoff demand 8–12 min residence or ultrasonic power density above 0.4 W cm⁻². Cleanliness verification uses resistivity of solvent extract according to IPC-TM-650 2.3.25, with Class 3 acceptance typically ≤ 1.56 µg NaCl equivalent/cm², and ion chromatography according to IPC-TM-650 2.3.28 for chloride and sulfate after cleaning. Workmanship remains governed by IPC J-STD-001H, while conformal coating adhesion qualification after defluxing uses cross-cut testing according to ASTM D3359-23. Production boundaries include grounding and bonding of transfer lines, nitrogen inerting of storage vessels above 20 °C, and avoidance of strong alkalis or amine-based flux removers in the same sump because exothermic interaction can reduce cleaning capacity and raise pH.
Low-Temperature Capacitor Electrolyte Ratios and Conductivity Boundaries
In electric double-layer capacitor electrolyte production, electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate functions as a low-viscosity diluent in propylene-carbonate-based systems where acetonitrile is excluded by customer solvent restrictions or toxicity controls. A representative non-aqueous capacitor electrolyte contains 1.0 mol dm⁻³ tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in a solvent mixture of propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate at 70:30 volume ratio; the dimethyl carbonate fraction lowers solvent viscosity from 2.53 mPa·s for neat propylene carbonate at 25 °C to a blend range of 1.8–2.0 mPa·s, while the capacitor voltage is limited to 2.7 V because dimethyl carbonate undergoes oxidation more readily than propylene carbonate at elevated potential. Conductivity at 25 °C for this 70:30 blend is typically 13–15 mS cm⁻¹, compared with 9–10 mS cm⁻¹ for the neat propylene carbonate electrolyte; at −30 °C the dimethyl-carbonate-containing system retains 4–5 mS cm⁻¹, which supports cold-start backup modules and memory-hold capacitors despite reduced high-temperature stability above 60 °C. Electrolyte preparation requires drying of dimethyl carbonate below 20 mg/kg by ASTM E203-16 and contact with 3 Å molecular sieves; free water above this threshold generates gas at activated carbon electrodes and accelerates capacitance fading during IEC 62391-1 endurance testing. The electrolyte is degassed at −0.095 MPa for 30 min and injected into wound capacitor cells under a nitrogen cabinet; aluminum current collectors are etched and pre-treated to control surface texture under ISO 4287 and maintain joint contact resistance below 5 mΩ. Dimethyl carbonate fraction is not raised above 40 vol% in this solvent pair because ionic dissociation declines and the finished electrolyte approaches the neat-solvent flash point of 17 °C; published data for dimethyl carbonate fractions above 50 vol% in this specific capacitor electrolyte configuration is limited, so higher ratios are outside the verified production window.
Where positive-tone novolac photoresist edge bead removal cannot rely solely on PGMEA because of exhaust emission restrictions or substrate sensitivity, electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate is introduced as a minor co-solvent in the edge bead remover blend. The dimethyl carbonate fraction is typically held between 10 wt% and 25 wt%; at this level the edge bead remover retains a dispense rate compatible with 1.0–2.0 mL/min through a 0.6 mm nozzle while the wafer spins at 1500–2500 rpm for 10–15 s. Dimethyl carbonate evaporation is faster than PGMEA because its vapour pressure is 5.6 kPa at 20 °C and its boiling point is 90 °C; therefore coater-cup exhaust velocity is maintained above 0.6 m/s and the dispense nozzle is nitrogen-purged during idle periods. The cleaned wafer edge is inspected under 100× optical magnification for photoresist flaking, and the exclusion zone is controlled between 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm using calibrated charge-coupled device alignment. No open beaker is permitted at the coater cup because dimethyl carbonate is flammable; the chemical is supplied from a pressurized stainless-steel canister under 50–80 kPa nitrogen headspace. Post-process residue is verified by contact angle measurement according to ASTM D7334-08, with the target advancing contact angle below 20° on bare silicon after deionized-water rinse. The main production limitation is not solvency but evaporation: dimethyl carbonate fractions above 30 wt% can overdry the edge bead before spin-off and leave a residual ring. Published data for dimethyl-carbonate-specific edge bead remover formulations on 200 mm and 300 mm wafers is limited, so fabs requalify each photoresist stack with SEMI S2 safety evaluation and ISO 14644-1 Class 5 cleanroom control rather than relying on vendor default recipes.When DMC Is Retained Below 500 ppm in Dried PVDF-HFP Separator Coatings
During continuous slot-die coating of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) battery separator membranes, electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate is metered into the solvent batch as a volatile pore former; its fraction in the liquid coating mass is typically 15–25 wt% to avoid gelation at the slot-die lip. In a continuous coating run, the polymer solution at 12 wt% PVDF-HFP is applied to a 16 µm polyethylene microporous substrate at 30–60 m/min, with a wet gap of 80–120 µm and three-stage oven drying at 60–80 °C. Residual dimethyl carbonate is monitored by headspace gas chromatography; the coated separator cannot enter winding until residual solvent is below 500 ppm because retained solvent plasticizes the matrix and changes Gurley flow relative to the incoming substrate measured by TAPPI T460. After drying, the separator is calendered at 60–70 °C under 0.5–1.0 MPa nip pressure to reduce thickness to 18–20 µm, with final porosity controlled between 40% and 45% by mercury porosimetry. The gel electrolyte is formed by absorbing 1.0 M LiPF₆ in EC/DMC into the coated membrane; dimethyl carbonate acts as a plasticizer that promotes room-temperature ionic conductivity near 1.2 mS cm⁻¹, measured by impedance spectroscopy in sealed coin cells. The production boundaries are narrow: dimethyl carbonate below 10 wt% in the coating solution generates a dense PVDF-HFP skin with insufficient electrolyte uptake, while dimethyl carbonate above 30 wt% causes phase separation and surface roughness greater than 0.4 µm Ra. Because dimethyl carbonate is flammable, oven solvent recovery uses an activated-carbon bed with lower-explosive-limit monitoring at 25% LEL, and exhaust oxygen is kept below 8 vol% during start-up purging. Final separator property verification includes ASTM D638-14 tensile testing of free-standing coated films and ISO 1133-1:2022 melt-flow confirmation of incoming PVDF-HFP lots.
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- Electronic-Grade Dimethyl Carbonate is manufactured under an ISO 9001 quality system and complies with relevant regulatory requirements.
- COA, SDS/MSDS, and related certificates are available upon request. For certificate requests or inquiries, contact: sales8@ascent-chem.com.
Electronic-grade dimethyl carbonate (DMC, CAS 616-38-6) is a high-purity linear carbonate solvent supplied for contamination-sensitive lithium-ion electrolyte blending and semiconductor wet-processing. Merchant product codes such as EG-DMC-4N and EG-DMC-5N identify minimum purity by nines. The product is differentiated from technical-grade DMC primarily by water, chloride, sulfate, alcohol, and trace-metal budgets, not by a change in base chemistry. Physical properties are identical at the pure-component level: molecular weight 90.08 g/mol, density 1.069 g/cm³ at 25°C, boiling point 90°C, dynamic viscosity 0.59 cP at 25°C, and closed-cup flash point 18°C. Packaging is typically 200 L fluorinated high-density polyethylene drums or 1,000 L 316L stainless steel intermediate bulk containers under a nitrogen headspace. Technical-grade material, by contrast, may contain water in the 200–500 ppm range, chloride above 5 ppm, and total metals as high as 0.1–1.0 ppm after standard distillation without product-specific finishing.
| Parameter | Typical electronic-grade limit | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Assay | ≥99.99 wt% | GC-FID area normalization |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless; APHA colour ≤10 | ASTM D1209 |
| Water | ≤20 ppm | ASTM E203 / ISO 12937 |
| Chloride | ≤1 ppm | ASTM D4327 |
| Sulfate | ≤1 ppm | ASTM D4327 |
| Free acid as HF | ≤5 ppm | ASTM D1613 |
| Trace metals (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) | ≤10 ppb each | ASTM D5673 |
| Non-volatile residue | ≤5 ppm | ASTM D1353 |
| Methanol and ethanol | ≤50 ppm each | GC-FID |
The limits above are representative of merchant electronic-grade DMC certificates; individual batches may vary by supplier and manufacturing site. EG-DMC-5N is typically supplied with trace-metal reporting at ≤1 ppb for advanced wafer-level applications, while EG-DMC-4N is more commonly accepted in lithium-ion electrolyte blending when water and chloride meet specification. Some suppliers offer subgrades with chloride ≤0.5 ppm and sulfate ≤0.5 ppm for compatibility with nickel-rich cathode systems.
What Limits Technical-Grade DMC in Lithium-Ion Electrolyte Blending?
In lithium-ion electrolyte production, DMC is used as a low-viscosity co-solvent with cyclic carbonate solvents such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate. A common baseline formulation is 1 M LiPF₆ in EC:DMC 1:1 w/w. The electrolyte conductivity of this blend is approximately 10.7 mS/cm at 25°C; DMC-rich blends reduce room-temperature conductivity but improve low-temperature performance by lowering bulk viscosity. Water entering with the solvent reacts with LiPF₆ to form HF, LiF, and POF₃. The reaction is operationally serious because HF attacks cathode surfaces and accelerates corrosion of aluminum current collectors. Technical-grade DMC containing 200–500 ppm water can raise total acid concentration above the typical acceptance limit of 50 ppm as HF after 24 h at 40°C in sealed ampoule testing. In production blending skids, DMC is transferred through 316L stainless steel lines under nitrogen and is often filtered through 0.2 µm PTFE cartridges; however, filtration does not remove dissolved water. Inline Karl Fischer analysis is used at the point of use because moisture ingress through valve packings and pump seals can increase water content after packaging. Chloride is separately limited to ≤1 ppm to reduce chloride-assisted corrosion in downstream cell assembly. Methanol and ethanol are controlled to ≤50 ppm because residual alcohols can participate in early-cycle anode reactions and increase irreversible capacity. Because pure DMC freezes at 4°C, unheated storage in cold-climate plants can produce solidification in pump recirculation loops; blending with ethyl methyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate depresses the freezing point and maintains pumpability at -20°C in automotive electrolyte formulations.
Contamination Budgets in Semiconductor Wet-Processing Tools
In semiconductor wet-processing, electronic-grade DMC is evaluated as a low-viscosity replacement for N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in edge-bead removal and polymer residue cleaning on single-wafer spin processors. Dispense rates for edge-bead removal typically range from 50 mL/min to 200 mL/min through fluoropolymer nozzles at 20–25°C. The wafer-level risk is not solvent assay but non-volatile metal residue; sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, nickel, and copper are specified at ≤10 ppb each. In recirculating bath tools, chemical lifetime is commonly controlled by particle accumulation from resist debris and tool wear rather than by gross DMC depletion. Published data for front-end-of-line semiconductor cleaning with DMC is limited; the numerical limits above are supplier lot-release specifications, not universal process acceptance standards. In applications where DMC is dispensed on patterned photoresist, the solvent must be exhausted with vapor-tight interlocks because its closed-cup flash point of 18°C places it in flammable liquid storage class. Solvent drops with higher metal backgrounds can leave residues after spin drying that alter localized film thickness measurements in metrology. Acoustic bath transducers used for residue removal can generate localized heating; temperature interlocks are typically set at 50°C to maintain flash-point margin. Stainless steel dispense lines are acceptable if passivated, but fluoropolymer lines are preferred to avoid metal extraction during stagnant periods.
Compared with other carbonate solvents used in lithium-ion electrolyte systems, DMC has the lowest viscosity and boiling point among the linear carbonates dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. It is therefore used as the primary viscosity reducer, while cyclic propylene carbonate maintains high dielectric constant for salt dissociation. The table below lists typical pure-component data at 25°C unless noted.
| Property | DMC | Ethyl methyl carbonate | Diethyl carbonate | Propylene carbonate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAS number | 616-38-6 | 623-53-0 | 105-58-8 | 108-32-7 |
| Dielectric constant | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 64.4 |
| Dynamic viscosity | 0.59 cP | 0.65 cP | 0.75 cP | 2.5 cP |
| Boiling point | 90°C | 107°C | 126°C | 242°C |
| Closed-cup flash point | 18°C | 23°C | 25°C | 132°C |
This physical profile explains the product’s role in electrolyte formulation. DMC lowers viscosity more efficiently on a mass basis than ethyl methyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate, but its lower flash point and higher vapor pressure increase the cost of storage, vapor recovery, and explosion-proof equipment. Propylene carbonate remains the high-dielectric solvent for lithium-ion dissociation, but its viscosity of 2.5 cP requires dilution with linear carbonates, typically DMC or ethyl methyl carbonate.
When DMC Storage Tanks Are Operated Without Continuous Nitrogen Blanketing
Electronic-grade DMC absorbs water from ambient air if storage tanks are vented. The moisture specification of 20 ppm can be exceeded after repeated breathing cycles in a humid production environment at 60% RH. Storage installations therefore use nitrogen blankets at 5–15 kPa positive pressure, dew-point-monitored nitrogen below -70°C, and dry-break transfer couplings. Carbon steel is not acceptable for electronic-grade service because iron extraction can exceed the 10 ppb metal budget in a single transfer. Acceptable wetted materials include 316L stainless steel, PTFE, and fluorinated fluoroelastomer seals; natural rubber and EPDM are not recommended because they swell and release extractables. DMC is flammable and has a closed-cup flash point of 18°C; transfer piping should be grounded and bonded, and storage tanks should be located in dedicated diked areas with vapor detection. Mechanical seals on transfer pumps can ingest air on the suction side; sealless magnetic-drive pumps are preferred to maintain nitrogen blanketing and limit moisture ingress. Slow hydrolysis occurs in the presence of water and acid or base catalysts, yielding methanol and carbon dioxide. DMC is therefore not blended with alkali-containing cleaning concentrates or stored in secondary containment shared with acidic waste streams. In cold-climate plants, heat tracing or indoor storage is required to maintain tank temperature above 8°C and prevent solidification of pure DMC in high-level alarm loops.
In electrode coating trials, DMC has been examined as a lower-boiling diluent for cathode slurry adjustment because it evaporates faster than NMP. Plant-scale slot-die drying profiles are not directly transferable from NMP-based processes; exhaust temperature, dew point, and drying tunnel air balance must be revalidated for DMC. Published data for this specific application configuration is limited, and initial runs should be conducted at reduced web speeds to establish residual solvent curves. The material is not a drop-in replacement for high-boiling solvents in all coating lines, and compatibility with binder systems must be confirmed before production use.
