| HS Code | 388435 |
| Base Polymer | Polypropylene (PP) Copolymer |
| Melt Flow Rate 230 C 2 16 Kg | 10 g/10min |
| Density | 0.91 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 25 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | >50% |
| Flexural Modulus | 950 MPa |
| Izod Impact Strength Notched 23 C | 6 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 95 °C |
| Vicat Softening Point 10 N | 150 °C |
| Rockwell Hardness R Scale | R85 |
As an accredited POLYfill PPC K20010 PP Copolymer factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | POLYfill PPC K20010 PP Copolymer is supplied in 25 kg multilayer paper bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped for safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | POLYfill PPC K20010 PP Copolymer shipped as 20′ FCL, securely packed, labeled, and sealed for safe transport. |
| Shipping | POLYfill PPC K20010 PP Copolymer is shipped as non-hazardous polypropylene resin in sealed moisture-proof bags, typically 25 kg each, on pallets. Store dry, away from heat and direct sunlight. No dangerous goods declaration required for standard transport by road, rail, or sea. |
| Storage | Store POLYfill PPC K20010 PP Copolymer in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture pickup and contamination. Avoid exposure to excessive humidity or prolonged high temperatures. No special hazardous storage is required, but maintain good housekeeping to minimize dust accumulation. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 24 months from manufacture when stored unopened in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. |
Pre-dried pellets are pneumatically conveyed to a co-rotating twin-screw compounding line with a 58 mm screw diameter and 44:1 L/D ratio, where POLYfill PPC K20010 serves as the continuous-phase base for talc-filled automotive interior carriers. The pellet residence time at 220–240 °C is kept below 45 s to limit thermo-oxidative chain scission; barrel zones 1 through 4 are profiled from 180 °C to 230 °C, while the vacuum vent at zone 9 is held at -0.08 MPa to strip residual moisture and low-molecular-weight volatiles. A representative formulation combines 70.0 wt% K20010, 20.0 wt% high-purity talc with top-cut particle size 3.5 µm, 8.0 wt% ethylene-octene elastomer having a melt index of 1.0 g/10 min at 190 °C, and 2.0 wt% additive masterbatch containing hindered phenolic antioxidant and calcium stearate. The compounded melt is extruded through a strand die and pelletized; the resulting compound is then injection moulded at a barrel temperature of 230–250 °C, mould temperature of 30–50 °C, and injection velocity exceeding 100 mm/s for thin rib sections. Instrumented puncture tests under ISO 6603-2 at -30 °C show ductile-to-brittle transition behaviour dominated by the elastomer domain size and talc dispersion. Production-scale failures concentrate at knit lines and gate vestiges where filler orientation and cool front convergence reduce multi-axial impact energy by 25–45% relative to unfilled sections; mould filling simulation must therefore move weld lines away from screw bosses and locking features. For interior trim with visible surfaces, the compound is overmoulded or grained after moulding; low-emission requirements commonly follow VDA 277 with a target total VOC below 60 µgC/g and fogging below 2 mg under ISO 6452. Terminal parts include dashboard carriers, door panel inserts, console brackets, and HVAC housing frames. The process envelopes and property windows above are representative of this copolymer class; the release document for K20010 takes precedence for exact value claims.
Because hot-runner filling is critical when K20010 is injection moulded into electrical distribution boxes with nominal wall thickness 1.2 mm and flow-path length 280 mm, the resulting flow-length-to-wall-thickness ratio of 233:1 approaches the practical limit for unfilled PP impact copolymer at 230 °C. Beyond this ratio short shots occur unless injection pressure exceeds 100 MPa and injection velocity is raised above 180 mm/s. A typical enclosure compound adds 12 wt% short-glass fibre, 8 wt% talc, 0.3 wt% primary antioxidant, and 0.2 wt% acid scavenger to K20010. The melt temperature is held at 240–255 °C, while the hot-runner manifold is set 10 °C lower than the nozzle profile to avoid thermal degradation at residence times above 8 min. Mould surface temperature is controlled at 40 ± 5 °C; higher mould temperatures improve knit-line strength but extend cooling time beyond 18 s. Dimensional stability is verified after 48 h conditioning at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity, followed by 10 thermal cycles from -25 °C to 70 °C per IEC 61439-1 environmental requirements. Flammability of the unfilled base resin is limited to HB; electrical enclosure formulations therefore require an intumescent or halogen-free FR package. A phosphorus-nitrogen FR system at 22 wt% total loading is dispersed using a twin-screw extruder with side feeding to prevent clumping. The compound is evaluated by IEC 60695-2-11 glow wire at 650 °C for 30 s, and comparative tracking index is measured according to IEC 60112; typical CTI values for such FR-modified PP impact copolymers are in the 400–599 V class when the formulation avoids carbon black loading above 1.0 wt%. Terminal products include DIN rail enclosures, junction boxes, and consumer electrical housings.
| Downstream route | Standard designation | Test condition | Typical acceptance band |
|---|---|---|---|
| Automotive interior carrier | VDA 277 | 2 h at 65 °C headspace | total VOC ≤ 60 µgC/g |
| Electrical enclosure | IEC 60695-2-11 | 650 °C glow wire for 30 s | no ignition or self-extinguishing ≤ 30 s |
| Cold-chain crate | ISO 179-1/1eA | -20 °C notched Charpy | ≥ 4 kJ/m² |
| Food-contact closure/sheet | EU 10/2011 | simulant A 10 days at 40 °C | overall migration ≤ 10 mg/dm² |
In cold-chain returnable distribution, the impact strength of K20010 after foaming or thick-section injection moulding is used for crates and pallets. The material is processed at a melt temperature of 220–245 °C with a dosing shot size that occupies 65–75% of the barrel capacity for crates and pallets. Chemical foaming with 1.5 wt% endothermic blowing agent masterbatch reduces part density to 0.85–0.90 g/cm³ while retaining a solid skin layer; this is measured by ISO 1183-1. The injection profile includes a short first-stage fill at 90 mm/s, followed by a slower pack at 35 mm/s to limit gas breakout. Low-temperature toughness is validated by ISO 179-1/1eA Charpy notched impact at -20 °C; impacted returnable crates must not display complete hinge failure after 50 repeated drops at -18 °C from 1.2 m according to an in-house logistics protocol. Pallet decks are rated under ISO 8611-1 static load conditions with no permanent deformation exceeding 3 mm after 24 h. Hygienic design for food-contact indirect handling follows EN 15593:2008 for packaging manufacture; direct food contact is not claimed for the foamed part unless the formulation is evaluated under EU 10/2011 migration testing with simulant D2. The anti-slip surface is achieved by in-mould texture rather than coating, avoiding post-mould adhesion loss. Production bottlenecks arise from gas pressure fluctuation at the screw tip when back pressure exceeds 8 MPa; this produces silver streaks and inconsistent skin thickness. Terminal products include foldable distribution crates, pallet deck boards, and cold-room shelf dividers.
When sheet surface temperatures exceed 170 °C, sag measured across a 600 mm span can exceed 15 mm, causing non-uniform wall distribution and webbing at corner radii. Plug-assisted thermoforming of extruded sheet made from K20010 therefore requires a forming window between 155 °C and 165 °C. The base resin is melt-blended with 3.0 wt% high-melt-strength PP masterbatch to increase extensional viscosity; this shifts the sag limit by approximately 5–8 °C. Sheet extrusion runs on a single-screw extruder with a 75 mm screw diameter, L/D 30:1, and a barrier screw with Maddock mixing section; melt temperature is monitored at 220–240 °C, and the chill roll stack is held at 70 °C to reduce built-in stress. The sheet thickness for deep-draw trays is 1.5–2.0 mm, with draw ratios up to 1.4:1 at the deepest cavity. Female mould temperature is set at 90 °C, male plug at 120 °C, and forming cycle time is 12–16 s. Post-mould dimensional stability is checked after 24 h at 23 °C; shrinkage in the machine direction should be below 1.5% per ISO 11501:2008. Frosting and stress whitening at corner radii occur when the plug is advanced too rapidly; plug speed below 300 mm/s is recommended. For food-contact trays, the sheet is subject to overall migration testing under EU 10/2011 with simulant A for aqueous foods and simulant D2 for fatty foods; specific migration of clarified or nucleated additives is verified by EN 1186-1. Terminal products include refrigerated dairy trays, meat packaging liners, and reusable industrial dunnage trays.
For closure systems with integral hinges, polypropylene is selected because the semi-crystalline morphology orients across the hinge when the flow front crosses a narrow gate, but K20010 requires a minimum hinge thickness of 0.30 mm and radius of 0.20 mm to prevent stress whitening during initial flexing. The injection mould is run with a nozzle temperature of 245 °C, mould-coolant temperature of 15 °C, and a filling speed of 140 mm/s. Holding pressure is staged at 55 MPa for 1.5 s and 35 MPa for 4.0 s to maintain gate seal without overpacking the hinge. Hinge thickness below 0.25 mm causes brittle crack initiation after fewer than 100 flex cycles in drop-test rejection; thickness above 0.45 mm increases opening torque but reduces fatigue life due to excessive bending strain on the outer fibres. Flexural modulus measured per ISO 178 on dry-as-moulded plaques is typically 900–1,200 MPa for PP impact copolymers of this MFR range; notched Charpy impact per ISO 179-1/1eA at 23 °C is typically 8–20 kJ/m², whereas at -20 °C values may decline to 4–8 kJ/m² depending on comonomer content and specimen preparation. Caps for food and beverage applications are evaluated under FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 for polyolefin food-contact materials, and sensory taint is assessed under EN 1622:2006. Processing failures include incomplete hinge fill due to shear heating at the sub-runner, batch-to-batch MFR drift above ±1.5 g/10 min, and gate blush when injection velocity fluctuates by more than ±10%. Terminal products include flip-top dispensing closures, compact disc case hinges, and toiletry overcap assemblies.
Where non-implant diagnostic device housings require snap-fit arms and living springs, K20010 is injection moulded with a typical formulation that adds 0.5 wt% slip agent and 0.1 wt% nucleating agent to reduce mould release force and improve aesthetic uniformity. The melt is maintained at 215–235 °C; thermal history above 260 °C for more than 5 min produces yellowing and measurable MFR increase due to chain scission. Injection pressures at the transfer point are recorded from 45 MPa to 75 MPa with a cushion of 3–5 mm. The parts are not sterilized by autoclave above 121 °C because PP impact copolymer softens; chemical sterilization with ethylene oxide or hydrogen peroxide plasma is acceptable when validated under ISO 11135 or ISO 14937. Biocompatibility is not an inherent property of the base resin; for skin-contacting device housings, extractables testing according to ISO 10993-5 and ISO 10993-10 must be completed on the final part. Moulded parts retain dimensions within ±0.2 mm for nominal lengths up to 120 mm when conditioned at 23 °C and 50% RH for 72 h; anisotropic shrinkage between flow and cross-flow directions is 1.0–1.6%. Terminal products include diagnostic analyser cassettes, pipette tip racks, and benchtop instrument housings.
At a nominal wall of 0.45 mm, thin-wall injection moulding of housewares such as food storage containers and cutlery trays uses K20010 with a vent depth below 0.02 mm to prevent gas trapping. In a 16-cavity hot-runner tool, the pressure drop between machine nozzle and cavity gate is measured at 30–45 MPa; this requires a peak injection pressure of 120–150 MPa and an intensification ratio that delivers a screw cushion consistency of ±1 mm. The melt temperature is set to 250 °C to lower viscosity, but the hot-runner manifold must not exceed 270 °C because residence time above 6 min accelerates thermal degradation. Mould temperature is varied across zones from 10 °C in the cavity block to 35 °C at the feed bush to aid gate freeze and part release. Short-shot investigations show that melt flow instability begins at a flow-front velocity below 120 mm/s; fitted cavity pressure curves show a peak cavity pressure of 45 MPa and a gate freeze time of 1.2 s. The resulting containers are stacked and load-tested under dead load for 24 h; sidewall deflection is kept below 2.0 mm. The product is assessed for food-contact suitability under EU 10/2011 and FDA 21 CFR 177.1520, with overall migration below 10 mg/dm² in aqueous simulant A. Terminal products include disposable cups, thin-wall food containers, and reusable clutter trays.
Outdoor furniture components are stabilized with a package that delays chalking and surface embrittlement when K20010 is exposed to ultraviolet radiation and periodic cleaning agents. A typical formulation for garden chair shells and table slats uses 0.3 wt% hindered amine light stabilizer, 0.15 wt% UV absorber, and 0.2 wt% carbon black masterbatch. The compound is injection moulded at 220–250 °C with a mould temperature of 25–50 °C; thick sections above 6 mm require a reduced hold pressure profile to avoid sink marks at rib intersections. Accelerated weathering is performed in a xenon-arc chamber according to ISO 4892-2, method A, with a black-standard temperature of 65 ± 3 °C, 0.51 W/m² at 340 nm, and 102 min dry/18 min water spray cycles. Colour change after 1,000 h exposure is often specified below ΔE 3.0, while tensile elongation retention should exceed 70% when tested under ISO 527-2 on samples cut from weathered plaques. Production-scale failures include surface cracking at weld lines after 2 years outdoor exposure in subtropical climates when the HALS loading falls below 0.2 wt%. Terminal products include garden chairs, table top supports, storage benches, and planter shells.
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Among polypropylene impact-copolymer designations supplied for injection moulding, POLYfill PPC K20010 is described as a polypropylene copolymer grade in which ethylene-propylene rubber domains are dispersed within a polypropylene matrix. The grade identifier PPC K20010 is a commercial designation, and the manufacturer’s published data for this specific configuration is limited in open repositories; therefore the property values presented in this section are typical reference values for polypropylene impact copolymers of the same nominal melt-flow class, not certified product specifications. The melt flow rate is determined under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 230 °C with a 2.16 kg load, and comparable grades in this designation class fall between 8 g/10 min and 15 g/10 min. The density of unfilled impact copolymer polypropylene is generally reported from 0.900 g/cm³ to 0.910 g/cm³ under ISO 1183-1. The dispersed rubber phase reduces low-temperature notched sensitivity and raises impact energy absorption relative to PP homopolymer, but it also lowers flexural modulus and increases haze in unpigmented mouldings. These trade-offs are measurable and must be specified through the relevant test methods rather than inferred from grade chemistry alone.
| Property | Typical reference envelope for unfilled polypropylene impact copolymer | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Melt flow rate | 8 g/10 min to 15 g/10 min | ISO 1133-1:2022 |
| Density | 0.900 g/cm³ to 0.910 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Tensile yield stress | 22 MPa to 28 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Tensile elongation at yield | 5 % to 10 % | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Flexural modulus | 1,000 MPa to 1,500 MPa | ISO 178 |
| Notched Charpy impact at 23 °C | 8 kJ/m² to 15 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Notched Charpy impact at −20 °C | 3 kJ/m² to 6 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Heat deflection temperature, 0.45 MPa | 85 °C to 100 °C | ISO 75-2/B |
| Mould shrinkage | 1.2 % to 1.8 % | ISO 294-4 |
Melt processing of impact copolymers in the nominal flow range of this grade is constrained by thermal-oxidative degradation above approximately 260 °C, while insufficient mould filling may occur below 220 °C. A barrel profile of 210 °C at the feed zone, 230 °C to 240 °C in the compression zone, and 230 °C to 250 °C at the nozzle is commonly used for moderate-thickness parts. Nozzle melt temperature should be confirmed with an immersion thermocouple; machine setpoints alone do not account for shear heating from screw recovery. Published injection-unit studies for semi-crystalline polyolefins report that melt temperature overshoot of 5 °C to 10 °C can occur in screw diameters at or above 25 mm when back pressure is held at 15 bar to 25 bar during prolonged recovery.
Pre-drying is generally not required when containers are intact and ambient relative humidity remains below 60 %. If the resin has been exposed to humid air or stored opened, drying at 80 °C for 2 h to 4 h in a desiccant hopper dryer with a supply-air dew point of −20 °C or lower reduces surface moisture. Mould temperatures between 20 °C and 50 °C are normal for impact-copolymer PP. Raising mould temperature toward 60 °C improves weld-line impact retention and reduces orientation stress but increases shrinkage anisotropy and cycle time; the processing window is less than ±5 °C when balancing warp against impact retention in thin-wall containers. This is a critical threshold because weld-line impact can fall below the 3 kJ/m² low-temperature notched Charpy limit at mould temperatures below 20 °C. Filling speeds of 30 mm/s to 80 mm/s at the screw are typical for PP impact copolymers in multi-cavity tools; high speed in wall sections below 2 mm improves skin formation but increases shear heating and gate blush. Holding pressure is normally 60 % to 80 % of peak injection pressure, with a holding time of 5 s to 10 s per mm of wall thickness.
When the mechanical duty cycle is assessed against ISO 527-1/-2, tensile yield stress for unfilled impact-copolymer polypropylene typically falls between 22 MPa and 28 MPa, while flexural modulus under ISO 178 is normally 1,000 MPa to 1,500 MPa. These values place PPC K20010-type impact copolymers below the stiffness of polypropylene homopolymer grades, which often exhibit flexural moduli from 1,300 MPa to 1,800 MPa, but above soft elastomer-modified PP compounds with modulus values below 800 MPa. Notched Charpy impact at 23 °C under ISO 179-1/1eA is commonly 8 kJ/m² to 15 kJ/m² for unfilled impact copolymers, compared with 2 kJ/m² to 4 kJ/m² for homopolymers. The low-temperature notched Charpy value at −20 °C often remains 3 kJ/m² to 6 kJ/m², which supports the use of this grade family in structural parts that must resist shipment damage but does not match the performance of high-rubber PP compounds with notched impact values above 20 kJ/m². If the US convention is used, ASTM D638-14 tensile values and ASTM D790-17 flexural values may be cited; they are not directly transferable to ISO values without correlation.
Failure-mode selection in production parts is influenced by the rubber-phase domain size and distribution. If the dispersed phase is inadequately homogenized by the screw, batch-to-batch impact variance can exceed 3 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA even when melt flow rate remains in specification. Dispersion quality is therefore monitored on the production floor through notched Charpy testing rather than MFR alone. On twin-screw compounding lines with L/D ratios of 40:1 to 48:1, the rubber phase is typically dispersed during the melt-mixing step; on injection moulding machines with L/D ratios of 20:1 to 24:1, the degree of final dispersion is limited and the product should be used in a condition where the resin supplier has completed the compounding. Avoid prolonged storage of opened material in direct sunlight or at ambient temperatures above 40 °C, because oxidation at the pellet surface can produce yellowing and reduce notched impact after moulding.
| Property | PP homopolymer | PP random copolymer | PP impact copolymer / PPC K20010 reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexural modulus | 1,300 MPa to 1,800 MPa | 900 MPa to 1,200 MPa | 1,000 MPa to 1,500 MPa |
| Notched Charpy at 23 °C | 2 kJ/m² to 4 kJ/m² | 4 kJ/m² to 8 kJ/m² | 8 kJ/m² to 15 kJ/m² |
| Notched Charpy at −20 °C | 1 kJ/m² to 2 kJ/m² | 2 kJ/m² to 3 kJ/m² | 3 kJ/m² to 6 kJ/m² |
| Tensile yield stress | 30 MPa to 36 MPa | 24 MPa to 28 MPa | 22 MPa to 28 MPa |
| Optical haze in unpigmented molding | high | low to moderate | high |
| Mould shrinkage | 1.0 % to 1.6 % | 1.2 % to 1.8 % | 1.2 % to 1.8 % |
The principal difference between PPC K20010-type impact copolymers and homopolymer grades is the deliberate introduction of an ethylene-propylene rubber phase, which increases room-temperature and low-temperature impact resistance while reducing stiffness and surface gloss. Random copolymers contain ethylene distributed in the polypropylene chain and provide improved optical clarity and lower sealing initiation temperature, but their low-temperature impact performance is generally below that of impact copolymers. Homopolymer grades remain preferred where tight-tolerance structural stiffness, high surface hardness, or elevated temperature retention under load is required. The choice between these material classes is therefore not a simple rating exercise but a comparison of property envelopes against specific moulded-part requirements.
In applications requiring low-temperature impact retention at −20 °C, the selection of an impact-copolymer grade such as PPC K20010 over a homopolymer becomes technically justified only after notched Charpy testing under ISO 179-1/1eA. Typical application categories include thin-wall food packaging closures, automotive interior trim brackets, appliance housings, and collapsible crates where the moulding must withstand repeated drop loading. Data for this specific product in regulatory food-contact use should be verified against the supplier’s compliance certificate and FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 conditions for polypropylene copolymers, including temperature limitations and food-type restrictions.
Production-scale experience with impact copolymers of this melt-flow class shows gate freeze time is reached earlier than with homopolymer grades of equivalent MFR because the rubber phase reduces thermal conductivity and increases viscosity at low shear rates. If hold time is reduced by 1 s in multi-cavity tools with wall thickness below 2 mm, part mass can fall by 0.1 % to 0.3 % and mould shrinkage can increase by approximately 0.1 percentage points. These are narrow but measurably significant process shifts. To maintain process capability indices above 1.33, holding pressure and time should not be treated as interchangeable with homopolymer settings. On machines with clamp force capability from 600 kN to 1,200 kN, cavity-pressure-based transfer from injection to hold has reduced between-shot variation in thin-wall impact-copolymer mouldings compared with time-based transfer alone.
Hot runner systems in multi-drop configurations introduce additional residence time. For PP impact copolymers, thermal degradation products begin to affect odour, colour, and mechanical properties after 15 min to 20 min of cumulative residence time at 250 °C; at 260 °C, the allowable residence time may be below 10 min. In tools with narrow gate lands below 1 mm, shear heating at the gate can add 5 °C to 10 °C of local melt temperature. This requires lower set barrel temperatures near the nozzle and shorter screw-recovery strokes. Cold-runner sprues and runners should be reground in a closed-loop granulation system; regrind levels up to 20 wt% are common in non-critical mouldings, but higher regrind fractions reduce notched impact and increase melt-flow variability. The processing boundary for brittle failure shifts when regrind content exceeds 30 wt% and the mould temperature is below 20 °C; notched Charpy values can fall below 3 kJ/m² at −20 °C. Avoid combining this grade with low-molecular-weight ester plasticisers or silicone oils unless validated by dynamic mechanical analysis; such additives can migrate to the surface and reduce paint adhesion or interfere with ultrasonic welding.
For regulatory documentation, polypropylene impact copolymers in this class are typically evaluated under REACH Article 33 candidate list obligations for substances of very high concern and under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II for lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB and PBDE. Polypropylene as a substance is not classified as hazardous under CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 in the supplied solid form. In food-contact applications, compliance with FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 and EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 depends on the specific additive package and processing conditions; end-use testing for overall migration and organoleptic properties is required. Unfilled polypropylene is typically rated UL 94 HB in thicknesses above 1.5 mm; flame-retardant variants require separate evaluation. No UL Yellow Card listing should be assumed for this specific designation; if flame-retarded grades are required, a UL file number must be confirmed with the supplier.
