Under UN 3H1 design-type qualification, NUC Corporation HDPE grade DGDN3364 is processed into extrusion blow-moulded jerricans for dangerous goods. A grooved-barrel extruder with a barrier screw of L/D 24:1 to 28:1 and an accumulator head is typically used; barrel zones are held at 170–185 °C, the head at 180–190 °C, and the mould at 8–15 °C. Melt temperature above 200 °C is avoided because oxidative degradation at the pin tip increases gel formation in the pinch-off weld. Die gap is set between 1.8 mm and 2.4 mm, with a blow-up ratio of 2.2:1 to 2.8:1 and blow-air pressure between 0.6 MPa and 0.8 MPa. Wall-thickness mapping for a 20 L jerrican programmes approximately 1.4 mm at the shoulder, 1.0 mm in the sidewall, and 1.8 mm at the base corners. Regrind from trimmed pinch-off flash is limited to 20 wt% for Packing Group II liquids and 30 wt% only where repeat drop testing at -18 °C and stack testing at 40 °C are performed on the specific regrind batch. Incoming melt-flow rate is checked under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C with a 2.16 kg load, and density is checked under ISO 1183-1:2019; acceptance bands are taken from the current NUC release certificate for DGDN3364 rather than a generic HDPE specification. Pinch-off weld failure is the dominant rejection mode in this application. Weld strength is improved by keeping melt temperature at the pinch-off above 160 °C and by delaying mould closure until the programmed base section is reached. In-line leak testing at 30 kPa detects microleaks but does not replace design-type tests. The terminal articles are 5 L, 10 L, 20 L, and 30 L jerricans for solvents, lubricants, crop inputs, and other regulated liquid chemicals.
UN 3H1 design-type test matrix for extrusion blow-moulded HDPE jerricans| Design-type test | Condition | Release criterion |
|---|
| Drop test | Packing Group II, 1.2 m, -18 °C | No leakage |
| Leakproofness | 30 kPa internal air pressure | No leakage |
| Stack test | 40 °C, 28 days, dynamic load | No stacking failure above 3 m equivalent height |
| Hydraulic pressure | Packing Group II, 100 kPa for 30 min | No leakage or rupture |
What Limits Regrind Addition if Environmental Stress Crack Resistance Must Remain Above 60 Hours?
Household detergent, hypochlorite bleach, and fabric-softener bottles are produced from DGDN3364 only after the pinch-off weld and bottom flash line are evaluated for stress cracking. These regions carry high moulded-in orientation and are exposed to surfactants, oxidisers, and fragrance solvents. The screening method is ASTM D1693-15 Condition A in 10% Igepal CO-630 at 50 °C; a threshold equivalent to 60 h F50 is commonly applied for bleach packaging, though published data for this specific grade and mould configuration is limited and must be confirmed on the production tool. The blow-moulding line uses a shuttle or long-stroke machine with a barrier screw of L/D 24:1 and 100-point parison programming. Melt temperature is held at 175–190 °C, die-head temperature at 180–190 °C, and mould temperature at 10–15 °C. Blow-air pressure is 0.5–0.7 MPa; venting in the neck and base inserts is checked to prevent air entrapment that lowers pinch-off strength. Colour masterbatch is added at 2–4 wt%, antistatic masterbatch at 1–3 wt%, and regrind is limited to 30 wt% unless ESCR retention after five re-extrusion passes remains above 80% of virgin value and tensile elongation at break under ISO 527-2:2012 remains above 300%. Bottle weight reduction below 18 g for a 1 L bottle creates wall-thickness distribution challenges because the label panel and bottom pinch-off zone become controlling regions for drop resistance and ESCR. Parison programming is biased toward the bottom corner, with sidewall target 0.5–0.6 mm and base corner target 0.7–0.8 mm. If the parison hangs too long, sidewall thickness drops toward 0.3 mm and ESCR fails rapidly. Leak testing at 0.2 bar after filling-line simulation is used as a production release test. Compliance documentation includes EU Regulation EC 648/2004 for detergent content and CLP 1272/2008 for labelling; where food-contact detergent transfer is claimed, EU 10/2011 overall migration of 10 mg/dm² applies. The terminal articles are 500 mL, 750 mL, 1 L, and 2 L bottles with screw-neck or push-pull closures.
Because crop-protection solvents such as xylene and cyclohexanone permeate monolayer HDPE rapidly, six-layer coextrusion of DGDN3364 with EVOH is used for 0.5–5 L agrochemical bottles. Layer distribution by mass for a 1 L container is typically outer skin 30–35 wt%, regrind layer 20–25 wt%, adhesive tie 1.5–2 wt%, EVOH 4–7 wt%, second tie 1.5–2 wt%, and inner skin 30–35 wt%. Skin extruders are run at 190–200 °C, while the EVOH extruder is kept below 200 °C because degradation generates acetic-acid-related gels at the layer interface. Die gap is set at 1.5–2.5 mm, and die-head pressure is held below 35 MPa to avoid interfacial flow instability between high-viscosity HDPE and lower-viscosity EVOH. Adhesive tie resins should be maleated polyolefins; amine-based processing aids in the HDPE skin are avoided because they interfere with EVOH interfacial adhesion. Each layer mass is verified by section weighing to a tolerance of ±1.5%, and sidewall EVOH thickness is not permitted to fall below 30 µm. Solvent permeation testing is performed gravimetrically at 50 °C for 28 days using the actual formulation surrogate; a weight-loss threshold of 0.5% is frequently specified by agrochemical brand owners. Regrind from post-consumer sources is excluded from the inner skin because contaminant migration is not controlled by the barrier layer. Compliance for hazardous formulations follows UN 3H1 qualification under ADR/RID/IMDG; European Union product stewardship is addressed under Regulation EC 1107/2009 and CLP 1272/2008. The terminal articles are 0.5 L, 1 L, and 5 L agrochemical containers with barrier neck inserts or induction-sealed closures.
Sheet Gauge Variation, Plug Temperature, and Draw Ratio in Thermoformed Trays
When DGDN3364 is extruded into sheet for plug-assist thermoforming, gauge variation across the web is controlled by a flat die with a flex lip and a three-roll stack operated at 70–85 °C on the middle roll and 40–60 °C on the lower roll. Sheet thickness between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm is used for trays; draw ratios above 2.5:1 normally require plug temperature above 120 °C and sheet surface temperature of 132–138 °C, measured by infrared pyrometer before the forming station. If the sheet is extruded too cold, frozen-in orientation releases during plug assist and produces uneven wall thickness; if it is too hot, the sheet sticks to the plug and creates gloss variation. Plug material is chosen from syntactic foam or PEEK, with plug temperature of 90–120 °C depending on draw depth. Draw depth above 50 mm requires pre-stretch and sequential vacuum to prevent webbing in corners. Line speed is capped to avoid draw resonance; when sheet neck-in exceeds 10% of die width, melt temperature or die gap is adjusted. Pre-drying is not routinely required at ambient RH below 60%, but regrind stored in open sacks at higher humidity should be dried at 70 °C for 2 h to prevent surface splay. For food-contact trays, the only permissible regrind is clean edge trim from the same FDA-compliant sheet, limited to 50 wt%, and compliance is documented under FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 and EU 10/2011. For non-food industrial trays, REACH and RoHS documentation applies. Thermoformed parts are stacked without post-mould crystallisation because HDPE retains adequate modulus between -20 °C and 60 °C service temperature. The terminal products are refrigerated-food trays, medical device trays, and industrial divider trays.
When Pinch-Off Flash Is Re-Ground for Automotive Reservoir Moulding
In automotive reservoir moulding, DGDN3364 is processed on an accumulator-head blow moulder with clamp force of 150–250 t to compact the pinch-off weld over a length exceeding 300 mm. Barrel zones are set at 175–190 °C, head at 185–195 °C, and mould at 10–15 °C. The mould closing speed is profiled so that trapped air is expelled before the weld freezes; a slow close before final compression reduces fold-back and undercut at the parting line. Flash is granulated in-line, dry-air conveyed, and reintroduced at 15–25 wt%. Higher ratios are allowed only after tensile impact testing under ISO 8256:2004 and heat aging at 100 °C for 168 h show no weld-line splitting. In-line granulate is checked for coolant residue or oil contamination by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy before reintroduction; if an oily film persists, regrind fraction is reduced to 10 wt% or the flash is sent to non-automotive sheet. Wall thickness is measured on the production fixture with an ultrasonic gauge; the coolant overflow neck must hold ±0.15 mm. Leak testing is conducted under air at 0.3 bar while the reservoir is clamped in a fixture. Compliance is carried out under ISO 16750-3:2012 for thermal and vibration exposure, and coolant resistance is validated with a 50/50 vol% ethylene glycol/water mixture at 105 °C. The terminal articles are under-hood windshield-washer reservoirs and coolant overflow bottles with integrated mounting tabs, filled weights of 0.8–1.6 kg, and an operating range of -40 °C to 110 °C.
Corrugated Drainage Pipe Ring Stiffness Is Set in the Corrugator, Not the Extruder
Corrugated HDPE drainage pipe made from DGDN3364 is formed by a single-screw extruder with a grooved feed section and a barrier screw of L/D 30:1 to 33:1, followed by a vacuum corrugator. Melt temperature is set at 185–205 °C, die temperature at 200–210 °C, and corrugator vacuum at -0.4 bar to -0.7 bar; the vacuum must be deep enough to fill the rib crest but not so high that the inner wall is drawn thin at the valley. Carbon black masterbatch is added at 2–3 wt%, giving carbon black content of 1.5–2% by mass and a dispersity rating no greater than 1.5 for UV stabilisation. Ring stiffness is tested by EN ISO 9969:2016 and classified as SN4 or SN8, corresponding to 4 kN/m² and 8 kN/m²; creep ratio is assessed under ISO 9967:2016. If valley thickness falls below 0.5 mm, SN8 ring stiffness may pass while long-term creep can fail. Perforation slots are cut after corrugation at 5–8 mm width and spaced to provide 10–20 cm²/m infiltration area, depending on groundwater level and soil type. Perforation direction is offset from the rib crest to avoid stress concentration at the crown. Compliance for European drainage pipe is carried out under EN 13476-2; for North American projects, AASHTO M 294 or ASTM F 2306 may be referenced by the project specification. The terminal articles are agricultural drain lines, roadside edge drains, and cable-ducting conduit in 100 mm to 300 mm internal diameters.
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NUC Corporation HDPE NUC DGDN3364 is a high-density polyethylene grade supplied for melt conversion on extrusion and forming lines where rigidity, chemical resistance, and controlled processability are specified. The material is designated under ISO 1043-1:2011 as PE-HD and belongs to the polyethylene thermoplastic class described in ISO 1872-1:2018. Because this document is independent of the manufacturer’s controlled technical datasheet, grade-specific numerical values are identified only where they are necessary for material selection; other values are reported as standardized PE-HD class envelopes. The commercial model designation NUC DGDN3364 should always be read together with the lot-specific certificate of analysis and the manufacturer’s current product datasheet before production commitment.
Which material designations and specification framework apply to NUC DGDN3364?
For specification and incoming inspection, the grade is positioned within the high-density polyethylene family by density and melt rheology. Density is measured by the immersion method under ISO 1183-1:2019 at 23 °C; high-density polyethylene class values typically fall between 0.941 g/cm³ and 0.970 g/cm³. Melt mass-flow rate is determined under ISO 1133-1:2022 using a 2.16 kg load at 190 °C. Extrusion and blow-molding grades in this density class commonly exhibit melt mass-flow rates between 0.2 g/10 min and 1.5 g/10 min, but the grade-specific position within that interval is defined solely by the manufacturer’s datasheet. The tensile yield stress obtained under ISO 527-2:2012 at 50 mm/min for PE-HD class materials is generally in the range of 20 MPa to 30 MPa. Flexural modulus measured under ISO 178:2019 at 2 mm/min typically lies between 800 MPa and 1500 MPa for injection-molding and extrusion grades, while Vicat softening temperature under ISO 306:2022 method A50 with 10 N load and 50 °C/h heating rate is commonly reported between 120 °C and 130 °C.
| Characteristic | Test method | Measurement condition | PE-HD class window | Grade-specific status |
|---|
| Designation | ISO 1043-1:2011 | — | PE-HD | Manufacturer-controlled |
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 23 °C | 0.941–0.970 g/cm³ | Technical datasheet |
| Melt mass-flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 190 °C, 2.16 kg | Commonly 0.2–1.5 g/10 min | Technical datasheet |
| Tensile yield stress | ISO 527-2:2012 | 50 mm/min | 20–30 MPa | Technical datasheet |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178:2019 | 2 mm/min | 800–1500 MPa | Technical datasheet |
| Vicat softening temperature | ISO 306:2022 A50 | 10 N, 50 °C/h | 120–130 °C | Technical datasheet |
| Environmental stress-crack resistance | ASTM D1693-15 | Condition B | No single class window; grade-dependent | Comparative data required |
For melt conversion, the material is normally processed on lines configured for high-density polyethylene. Barrel-temperature settings are established from the melt rheology of the grade rather than from generic resin-class recommendations alone. A melt-temperature probe placed in the adapter section should record the actual melt temperature; for high-density polyethylene grades in the medium-molecular-weight range, the working interval is usually between 190 °C and 220 °C. Screw-cooling systems and back-pressure control should be adjusted to avoid excessive shear heating beyond 230 °C, at which oxidation of the unstabilized melt surface may occur. No pre-drying is required for product in unopened, factory-sealed packaging. If sacks are exposed to floor moisture or stored at relative humidity above 60 %, surface condensation should be removed by drying in a desiccant hopper with a dew point of −30 °C or lower at 60 °C to 70 °C for 1 h to 2 h.
Stress-crack resistance and molecular architecture in continuous-use containers
Expected service performance of NUC DGDN3364 in rigid containers and industrial packaging is governed less by nominal density than by molecular weight distribution and short-chain branching distribution. In formulations intended for environmental stress-crack resistance, the resin may have a controlled comonomer placement or a bimodal structure; if the grade is evaluated against a standard unimodal HDPE of the same melt index, the environmental stress-crack resistance value determined by ASTM D1693-15 may differ by more than an order of magnitude. This difference cannot be inferred from density alone. End-use qualification should therefore include the full bottle or container test under the actual wetting-agent system, not only resin-level ESCR. Top-load, drop-impact, and cap-torque evaluations should be conducted on containers produced on the intended tooling using the specified wall-thickness distribution, because laboratory plaques do not represent the orientation and cooling history of blow-molded parts.
In continuous-use chemical packaging, the resin must be evaluated for the specific chemical environment at the intended service temperature. The failure mode most commonly observed on production lines is not short-term yielding but slow crack growth initiated at molded-in stress concentrations, pinch-off zones, or sharp corners. That failure mode is particularly sensitive to molecular weight distribution and comonomer distribution. A comparison with other HDPE products should therefore be based on the complete combination of melt mass-flow rate, density, ESCR under the relevant stress condition, and notched impact behavior, rather than on one isolated property. For containers exposed to aggressive surfactants, agricultural chemicals, or oxygenated solvents, a full immersion test using the actual packaged formulation at the upper service temperature is required. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; therefore the selection cannot be completed without lot-specific verification.
When this resin is selected over a standard unimodal HDPE extrusion grade
The principal difference between NUC DGDN3364 and a general-purpose unimodal HDPE extrusion grade is evaluated through melt rheology, molecular architecture, and long-term load-bearing behavior. Compared with pressure-pipe grades classified as PE 100, this product is not a substitute for certified pipe material unless it is listed and validated under ISO 4427. Pipe-grade materials must demonstrate long-term hydrostatic strength according to ISO 9080, with minimum required strength at 20 °C for 50 years of 10 MPa, and slow crack growth resistance under ISO 13479. Those requirements are not assumed for a general-purpose HDPE extrusion or blow-molding model.
| Adjacent HDPE family | Discriminating evaluation | Reference standard or equipment | Material-selection implication for NUC DGDN3364 |
|---|
| Pressure-pipe PE 100 | Hydrostatic strength at 20 °C and 80 °C | ISO 9080, ISO 13479, ISO 4427 | Do not use for pressure-pipe service without certified listing |
| Standard blow-molding HDPE | Melt strength, die swell, ESCR, top-load | ASTM D1693-15, burst and top-load fixtures, continuous extrusion blow-molding line | May be evaluated for rigid containers; grade-specific ESCR controls suitability |
| Film-grade HDPE | Dart impact, tear, gel count | ASTM D1709, ASTM D1922, ISO 4577 | Film service is not assumed without cast or blown film trial |
| Injection-molding HDPE | Spiral flow, mold shrinkage | ISO 294-4, ISO 294-1 | Evaluate fluidity before specifying for thin-wall technical parts |
On a production-scale blow-molding line, the grade should be evaluated using the actual die-pin geometry, accumulator head, and clamp force. The parison sag behavior and melt fracture limit are equipment-dependent and cannot be predicted from melt mass-flow rate alone. If the resin is compared with a lower-molecular-weight HDPE used for small bottles, the difference may appear as higher die swell and better stress-crack resistance but reduced melt fluidity. If it is compared with a high-load melt-index pipe resin, the difference will appear in hydrostatic strength and long-term creep resistance. The selection therefore depends on whether the part is governed by short-term stiffness or long-term hoop stress.
Compliance evaluation should be conducted under the applicable regulatory framework. In the European system, food-contact suitability is assessed under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 and its amendments, with migration testing conducted using food simulants and time-temperature conditions that correspond to the intended use. In the United States, olefin polymers may be evaluated under 21 CFR 177.1520, but end users must verify the manufacturer’s specific regulatory statement for NUC DGDN3364. For non-food industrial applications, conformity to REACH and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU is determined from the safety data sheet and composition declaration. The resin should not be combined with incompatible additives that alter acid scavenger activity or accelerate oxidative degradation during multiple recycling passes.
