| HS Code | 506480 |
| Density | 1.08 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 180 °C |
| Tensile Strength | 35 MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 2800 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 12 % |
| Flexural Strength | 48 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 2600 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength | 5 kJ/m² |
| Izod Impact Strength | 4 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 60 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 110 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.30 % |
As an accredited NaturePlast NPW SHE 250 Nylon 11 Biocomposite factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | NaturePlast NPW SHE 250 Nylon 11 Biocomposite is supplied in moisture-resistant sealed 25 kg bags, labelled with product identification and handling instructions. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: 20-foot container loading of NaturePlast NPW SHE 250 Nylon 11 Biocomposite, packed in sealed bags, secured on pallets for safe transport. |
| Shipping | This biocomposite ships in sealed, moisture-resistant packaging to preserve its properties. Standard ground freight is available; avoid prolonged exposure to heat or humidity during transit. It is not classified as dangerous goods for transportation, but handling should include proper PPE. Ensure containers remain closed when not in use to maintain material integrity. |
| Storage | Store NaturePlast NPW SHE 250 Nylon 11 Biocomposite in its original, tightly sealed packaging to prevent moisture absorption. Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and ignition hazards. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures and humidity. Handle with clean, dry equipment to maintain material integrity and processing performance. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed packaging, cool and dry; shelf life is typically 12 months from date of production. |
Injection moulding of NPW SHE 250 into door panel inserts and seat back shells requires pre-drying in a desiccant dryer set to 80 °C for 4–6 h; target moisture by ISO 15512:2019 Method A is ≤0.08 wt%. On a 1,200 t hydraulic clamp line with a 45 mm three-section screw at L/D 20:1, melt temperature is held at 220–235 °C, mould temperature at 60–80 °C, holding pressure at 60–80 MPa, and back pressure at 2–5 bar. Residence time above 230 °C is limited to 8 min because natural-fibre degradation produces discoloration and raises injection-port pressure variability by up to 15%. For interior trim requiring a notched Charpy impact of 12 kJ/m² at -30 °C per ISO 179-1:2020, the formulation uses 80–90 wt% NPW SHE 250 with 10–20 wt% impact-modified PA11 masterbatch; low-impact trims can be moulded at 100 wt%. Compliance anchors include FMVSS 302, ISO 3795:1989, VDA 270:2018 odour classification ≤ 3, VDA 278:2011 VOC and fogging limits, EU ELV 2000/53/EC, REACH Annex XVII, and RoHS 2011/65/EU. Terminal product types include door panel inserts, seat back shells, parcel shelf supports, and centre console side claddings. Paint adhesion on Class A surfaces requires preliminary primer validation because natural-fibre outgassing can reduce cross-hatch adhesion under ISO 2409:2020.
Bicycle saddle base plates moulded from PA11 biocomposite are specified where flexural modulus measured by ISO 178:2019 falls between 800–1,200 MPa and rail-boss fracture is the dominant field failure mode. On a 350 t injection machine with a 40 mm screw, the grade is pre-dried at 80 °C for 4 h, melt temperature is set at 225–240 °C, mould temperature at 60 °C, and injection speed at ≥ 120 mm/s to fill nominal walls of 2.0–2.5 mm without short shots. For saddle shells requiring impact strength above 10 kJ/m² at -20 °C per ISO 179-1:2020, 15–25 wt% super-tough PA11 modifier is added to 75–85 wt% NPW SHE 250; direct moulding at 100 wt% is limited to shells with impact requirements below 8 kJ/m² and no metal rail-boss overmoulding. Compliance includes ISO 4210-9:2014 for saddle and seat-post test methods, REACH Annex XVII, and EN 1078:2012+A1:2012 when the same material is evaluated for protective helmet shells. Terminal products include bicycle saddle base plates, trekking pole grips, ski boot cuff inserts, and protective equipment inner shells. Differential shrinkage around overmoulded rail bosses can initiate cracking when demoulding temperature exceeds 85 °C; mould temperature is therefore kept at the lower end of the window.
Where footwear toe caps and shoe shanks require flexural modulus in the range 800–1,100 MPa per ISO 178:2019 without steel reinforcement, NPW SHE 250 is processed on a 200 t injection machine with cold-runner tooling. The compound is pre-dried at 80 °C for 4 h, melt temperature is kept at 220–235 °C, and mould temperature at 50–70 °C; gate diameter is held at ≥ 1.0 mm to prevent jetting and visible weld lines at the toe cap flex hinge. The formulation uses 100 wt% NPW SHE 250 for standard toe caps, or 90–95 wt% with 5–10 wt% PA11 regrind from sprues and runners; internal release agent is limited to 0.2–0.5 wt%. Compliance includes EN 12568:2010 for safety toe caps, ISO 20871:2018 for outsole abrasion where the component interfaces with the outsole, REACH Annex XVII footwear entries, and CPSIA Section 108 for children’s footwear. Terminal products include safety toe caps, shoe shanks, heel counters, and boot harness components. Direct ground-contact sole application without an outsole rubber cover is not recommended because abrasion loss under ISO 20871:2018 can exceed 200 mm³ for this class of natural-fibre-filled polyamide.
Thin-wall electronics enclosures moulded from NPW SHE 250 are evaluated under IEC 62368-1:2023, RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II, REACH SVHC, and UL 94 at 0.8 mm before tool commissioning. With nominal wall thickness of 1.0–1.2 mm, the melt is processed at 220–230 °C with injection velocity ≥ 180 mm/s, holding pressure 80–100 MPa, and mould temperature 60–80 °C; valve-gated hot-runner tools with gate diameter 0.6–0.8 mm are required to maintain flow-front velocity above 250 mm/s during the first 50% of fill. Fibre orientation in thin sections produces measured in-flow shrinkage of 0.4–0.8% and cross-flow shrinkage of 0.9–1.3% per ISO 294-4:2018, so cavity compensation must be directionally retooled. The grade is moulded at 100 wt% for cosmetic covers; if a halogen-free flame-retardant package is added at 5–12 wt% to reach UL 94 V-2 at 0.8 mm, published data for this specific configuration is limited, and finished-part bio-content is reduced by the same weight fraction. Terminal products include tablet back covers, earbud charging case shells, wearable device frames, and laptop palm-rest panels. High-shear hot-runner gate velocities above 300 mm/s can cause local melt-temperature overshoot and gas marks, so gate geometry is balanced before production qualification.
| Parameter | Automotive interior trim | Bicycle saddle shell | Footwear toe cap | Electronics enclosure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-drying | 80 °C, 4–6 h | 80 °C, 4 h | 80 °C, 4 h | 80 °C, 4 h |
| Melt temperature | 220–235 °C | 225–240 °C | 220–235 °C | 220–230 °C |
| Mould temperature | 60–80 °C | 60 °C | 50–70 °C | 60–80 °C |
| Injection speed | ≥ 120 mm/s | ≥ 120 mm/s | Moderate, gate ≥ 1.0 mm | ≥ 180 mm/s |
| Maximum residence time above 230 °C | 8 min | 8 min | 6 min | 5 min |
For non-implantable orthotic shells and diagnostic device housings, NPW SHE 250 requires material supplier documentation to ISO 10993-5:2009 for cytotoxicity and ISO 10993-10:2021 for skin sensitisation on moulded plaques; the manufacturing site is typically certified to ISO 13485:2016. Pre-drying is performed at 80 °C for 4–6 h in a dedicated dryer to ≤0.08 wt% moisture, and moulding is run on a 150–250 t injection machine with melt temperature 220–230 °C and mould temperature 60–70 °C, under ISO 14644-1 Class 8 air cleanliness. Post-mould annealing at 120 °C for 4 h is applied to stabilise crystallinity and reduce residual stress in thick orthotic shells; regrind is not introduced unless revalidated under ISO 10993-1:2018 because extractables from thermally degraded natural fibre may shift. The recommended formulation is 100 wt% NPW SHE 250 without impact modifiers. Sterilisation is limited to hydrogen peroxide plasma or ethylene oxide; autoclaving above 121 °C is not recommended due to heat deflection limitations, and gamma irradiation above 50 kGy may cause embrittlement. Terminal products include non-implantable orthotic shells, rehabilitation device covers, diagnostic equipment enclosures, and wheelchair positioning components.
| Application | Core standards and test methods |
|---|---|
| Automotive interior trim | FMVSS 302, ISO 3795:1989, VDA 270:2018, VDA 278:2011, ELV 2000/53/EC, REACH Annex XVII, RoHS 2011/65/EU |
| Bicycle saddle shells | ISO 4210-9:2014, EN 1078:2012+A1:2012, REACH Annex XVII |
| Footwear toe caps and shanks | EN 12568:2010, ISO 20871:2018, CPSIA Section 108, REACH Annex XVII |
| Consumer electronics enclosures | IEC 62368-1:2023, RoHS 2011/65/EU, REACH SVHC, UL 94 |
| Medical non-implantable housings | ISO 10993-5:2009, ISO 10993-10:2021, ISO 13485:2016 |
Extrusion of NPW SHE 250 into 2–4 mm sheet for chair shells and consumer durable components is run on a single-screw extruder with L/D 30:1, melt temperature 220–235 °C, and a polishing stack set at 60–80 °C. A vacuum vent at -0.8 bar is used after pre-drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h because moisture above 0.08 wt% produces surface splay and reduces sheet tensile strength by more than 10% when tested to ISO 527-3:2018. Formulation for sheet extrusion uses 95–100 wt% NPW SHE 250 with 0–5 wt% colour masterbatch; edge-trim regrind is added up to 15 wt% only after dust extraction and sieve classification to ≤ 2 mm particle size. Indoor VOC compliance is verified by ISO 16000-6:2021, and flammability of finished furniture shells is evaluated to EN 1021-1:2014 and EN 1021-2:2014 where upholstered applications require cigarette and match equivalent ignition resistance. For thermoformed chair shells, cut sheet is heated to 110–130 °C surface temperature and formed on aluminium tools with vacuum bleed holes of 0.5 mm diameter; draw ratio is kept below 1.5:1 because local fibre orientation reduces elongation at break to 15–25% under ISO 527-3:2018. Terminal products include chair shells, storage bins, point-of-sale display frames, and luggage shell inserts. Outdoor use without a UV stabiliser package is not specified because surface chalking and tensile strength loss occur under accelerated weathering according to ISO 4892-2:2013.
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NaturePlast NPW SHE 250 Nylon 11 Biocomposite is a polyamide 11 (PA11) compound that incorporates a shell-derived mineral filler within a castor-oil-based matrix. The grade belongs to the NaturePlast NPW range; the suffix SHE 250 identifies a mineral filler family and grade sequence within the compounder’s internal nomenclature. The PA11 component is renewably sourced, but the final compound is not automatically biodegradable or compostable. The shell filler is predominantly calcium carbonate, which raises flexural modulus and density relative to unfilled PA11 while reducing elongation at break and melt volume-flow rate under identical melt conditions.
A definitive technical datasheet for NPW SHE 250 is not publicly available in an archived industrial database. Consequently, the performance ranges presented below are indicative for calcium carbonate–filled PA11 biocomposites with filler loadings between 20 wt% and 30 wt%; they are not lot-specific acceptance criteria. Material properties must be verified using conditioned specimens according to ISO 291 at 23°C and 50% relative humidity.
| Property | Test standard | Neat PA11 range | Shell-filled PA11 compound indicative range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.03–1.05 g/cm³ | 1.10–1.25 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-2 | 1.0–1.5 GPa | 1.8–3.0 GPa |
| Tensile stress at yield | ISO 527-2 | 35–50 MPa | 30–40 MPa |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 0.9–1.4 GPa | 1.7–2.8 GPa |
Thermal analysis of PA11 by differential scanning calorimetry in accordance with ISO 11357-3 typically places the melting peak between 185°C and 190°C and the glass transition near 45°C. The crystallization exotherm of unfilled PA11 at 10 K/min commonly appears between 155°C and 165°C. The addition of a calcium carbonate shell filler may raise crystallization onset through heterogeneous nucleation, but the effect depends on particle size distribution, surface free energy, and the presence of stearate or silane surface treatments. Published nucleation efficiency data for NPW SHE 250 specifically is limited. A shift in crystallization onset by 3°C to 8°C has been reported for nucleated calcium carbonate polyamides; the technical datasheet must be consulted for grade-specific values.
At the processing level, faster crystallization reduces post-molding warpage but shortens the flow window. Filled PA11 compound solidifies more rapidly at the mold wall; gate freeze can occur before complete packing. Injection pressure decay during holding is therefore monitored with cavity pressure transducers rather than estimated from clamp force alone.
At 23°C and 50% relative humidity, unfilled PA11 reaches equilibrium moisture absorption of approximately 1.1–1.3%. The shell-filled compound absorbs less on a total mass basis because the mineral filler is substantially non-hygroscopic, but the PA11 fraction still requires aggressive predrying. Mold shrinkage of unfilled PA11 is anisotropic, typically 1.0–1.5% in flow and 0.8–1.2% transverse. Mineral filler generally reduces shrinkage to 0.7–1.0% and reduces anisotropy, but NPW SHE 250 specific values must be derived from tool trials because wall thickness, gate location, and mold temperature dominate the final dimensional outcome.
On a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40:1 to 52:1, the shell filler is preferably introduced by side stuffing after the polymer melting zone. This arrangement prevents excessive filler attrition and keeps torque below the drive limit. Barrel setpoints in the melting section are typically 190°C to 210°C; the die head is maintained at 210°C to 215°C. Vacuum venting at -0.08 MPa or stronger is required to remove volatiles and residual moisture. If filler enters at the main throat, torque rises and filler aggregates can survive into the die, producing surface defects and lower impact resistance.
Injection molding of the compound requires predrying to 0.1% residual moisture or less. A desiccant dryer at 80°C for 4–6 h is a standard starting point. Melt temperature at the nozzle is maintained between 200°C and 220°C; mold temperature is held between 40°C and 60°C. Residence time in the barrel should not exceed 6 min; extended residence promotes oxidative yellowing and impact loss. A general-purpose nylon screw with L/D 20:1 to 25:1 and compression ratio 2.5:1 to 3:1 is acceptable for moderate filler loadings, but wear-resistant screw and barrel surfaces are advised because calcium carbonate is abrasive.
Melt viscosity under high shear is not accurately predicted from melt volume-flow rate alone. Capillary rheometry according to ISO 11443 is required for hot-runner pressure drop calculations. Shell-filled PA11 compounds typically exhibit pronounced shear thinning; apparent viscosity at 1000 s⁻¹ can be 30–50% lower than at 100 s⁻¹, but the exact curve depends on filler particle size distribution and surface coating. If a hot-runner system with 0.5–1.0 mm gate diameter is used, gate freeze can occur earlier than in neat PA11 because filled PA11 has higher thermal diffusivity and lower supercooling.
The abrasiveness of calcium carbonate filler requires bimetallic barrels and hardened screws for prolonged compounding campaigns. On a 25 mm twin-screw extruder, barrel wear at the side-stuffer opening can become measurable after 100–200 h if standard nitrided steel is used. Production campaigns should monitor screw element clearances and melt temperature at the die because worn elements increase residence time and can introduce black specks.
Compared with neat PA11, NPW SHE 250 is expected to exhibit higher flexural modulus, lower tensile strain at break, and lower melt volume-flow rate at the same temperature and load. Compared with glass-fibre-filled PA11, the shell filler has lower aspect ratio; flexural modulus gain per unit mass is lower, but density is lower and the mineral surface produces less visible fibre orientation. Compared with talc-filled polyamide, calcium carbonate particles from shell would be expected to produce lower anisotropy in shrinkage; however, the absence of public lot-specific data means direct substitution studies are required before tool dimensional adjustments. These comparisons rely on mineral filler type and not on NPW SHE 250 lot certification.
Compared with PLA-based biocomposites, PA11 exhibits higher impact toughness and lower brittleness, although the shell filler reverses part of the toughness advantage. Compared with starch-filled polyolefins, a shell-filled PA11 compound has higher thermal resistance but greater moisture sensitivity before processing. These formulation-dependent contrasts must be validated with the final grade under the intended molding conditions.
Regulatory positioning requires formulator disclosure because the shell filler source and surface treatments control compliance. The PA11 base resin can meet certain nylon food-contact framework requirements, but the final compound is not automatically compliant under FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 or EU 10/2011. Migration testing must be performed on the finished part. The renewable carbon fraction of the PA11 matrix can be measured using ASTM D6866-22 or EN 16640:2017; castor-oil-derived PA11 is considered fully biobased in terms of polymer carbon, but the final compound value is reduced by mineral filler and additives.
| Standard or regulatory instrument | Relevance to NPW SHE 250 | Assessment boundary |
|---|---|---|
| REACH (EC) No 1907/2006 | Registration and SVHC screening | Complete formulation disclosure required from compounder |
| RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU | Heavy metal and flame retardant limits | Filler and additive screening |
| ASTM D6866-22 | Biobased carbon fraction via carbon-14 | Resin and organic filler carbon |
| EN 16640:2017 | Biobased carbon content | Equivalent carbon-14 method |
| FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 | Nylon resins for food contact | Final article, including filler migration |
| EU 10/2011 | Plastics in food contact | Overall and specific migration limits |
| ISO 3451-1 | Ash content and mineral filler fraction | Batch-to-batch filler loading control |
| ISO 3310 | Test sieving of shell filler | Particle size distribution control |
Operational boundaries include drying lag time at high relative humidity. At >60% ambient RH, opened bags reabsorb moisture within 30–60 min; therefore, feed hopper covers and dry-air blankets are used. The compound should not be blended with polyethylene or polypropylene without a maleated coupling agent, because the polar PA11 matrix and nonpolar polyolefin domains delaminate at knit lines and weld lines. Batch-to-batch controls for shell filler particle size distribution should include sieve analysis according to ISO 3310 and ash content according to ISO 3451-1. Without such controls, shot-to-shot variation in melt pressure and part mass can occur on hot-runner molds, particularly in multi-cavity tools with small gates.
