| HS Code | 879956 |
| Polymer Type | Impact polypropylene copolymer |
| Density | 0.90 g/cm³ (ISO 1183) |
| Melt Flow Rate | 8 g/10min at 230°C/2.16kg (ISO 1133) |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 23 MPa (ISO 527-1/-2) |
| Tensile Strain At Yield | 11% (ISO 527-1/-2) |
| Flexural Modulus | 1000 MPa (ISO 178) |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength At 23 C | 30 kJ/m² (ISO 179-1eA) |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength At 20 C | 5 kJ/m² (ISO 179-1eA) |
| Heat Deflection Temperature At 0 45 Mpa | 85°C (ISO 75-2) |
| Vicat Softening Temperature A50 | 150°C (ISO 306) |
| Melting Temperature | 165°C (ISO 11357-3) |
As an accredited MOPLEN PP EP548P factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | MOPLEN PP EP548P is supplied in 25 kg bags, packaged as dry polypropylene pellets in moisture-resistant laminated sacks. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loaded with MOPLEN PP EP548P in 25 kg bags on pallets, shrink-wrapped, and secured for safe transport. |
| Shipping | MOPLEN PP EP548P (polypropylene copolymer) is shipped as non-hazardous plastic granules in sealed bags, bulk bags, or railcars/trucks. Keep dry, away from heat and ignition sources. No special dangerous-goods classification required, but avoid dust accumulation. Use covered, ventilated transport to prevent contamination. |
| Storage | Store Moplen PP EP548P in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep packaging tightly sealed to prevent moisture pickup and contamination. Avoid prolonged exposure to UV radiation. Maintain indoor storage between 20–30°C. Under these conditions, shelf life is typically one year. Handle with care to minimize dust generation. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years from production date when stored in original, unopened packaging in dry, cool conditions. |
High-speed thin-wall injection molding of dairy cups and margarine tubs from MOPLEN PP EP548P is conducted on hybrid injection molding machines with clamping force from 1,500 kN to 3,000 kN and injection speed exceeding 100 mm/s; the grade is processed at a melt temperature of 230–250 °C and a mold temperature of 20–40 °C, with a published melt flow rate at 230 °C/2.16 kg in the range of 50–55 g/10 min per ISO 1133-1:2022. Food-contact conformity is assessed under EU Regulation 10/2011 with overall migration below 10 mg/dm² and under FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 for polypropylene copolymers intended for olefinic food contact; processors of unpigmented containers run the resin neat at 100 wt%, whereas pigmented production uses 97–98 wt% EP548P and 2–3 wt% masterbatch metered at the hopper throat. The downstream production process uses a 20:1–24:1 L/D general-purpose polyolefin screw with a compression ratio of 2.5:1–3.5:1, back pressure 0.5–1.0 MPa, and hot-runner valve gates sized for 0.2–0.8 s fill; sidewall splay appears when surface moisture from storage at relative humidity above 60% or when vent vacuum is lost, and restart after condensation requires pre-drying at 80 °C for 2 h. Terminal parts include 150–500 mL round and rectangular dairy cups, 250–1,000 g margarine tubs, deli containers, and thin-walled overcap lids with wall sections below 0.8 mm.
Single-piece tamper-evident closure molding on 16–64-cavity hot-runner tools demands dimensional parity after ejection; EP548P is processed at a melt temperature of 220–250 °C and a mold temperature of 10–30 °C, with part ejection temperature held below 65 °C to prevent post-demolding cap ovality and hinge whitening. The formulation addition ratio for beverage closures is 98–99 wt% EP548P and 0.5–1.5 wt% slip/anti-block masterbatch; when a non-silicone torque-release package is used, the erucamide or behenamide concentration in the final part is set at 500–1,000 ppm and verified by extraction analysis because torque release and migration kinetics in polymer matrices are concentration-dependent. Compliance for food-contact closures follows FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 and EU Regulation 10/2011; mechanical assurance of the base polymer is conducted under ISO 179-1/1eA at 23 °C and -20 °C, and child-resistant closures are additionally tested under ISO 8317. The downstream production process uses a general-purpose polyolefin screw with back pressure 0.3–0.7 MPa and shot-to-shot cushion maintained below 3 mm to stabilize packing in high-cavity tools; weld lines at hinge bridges are positioned away from the primary flex zone by gate location, and published data for cyclic hinge fatigue of EP548P closures is limited, so capping-torque and top-load validation on the converting line is required. Terminal part types are 29/25 mm and 30/25 mm beverage closures, snap-on lids for dairy powders, dosing caps for liquid detergents, and child-resistant pharmaceutical closures.
In opaque housewares and storage articles, EP548P is processed at melt temperatures of 220–250 °C with mold temperatures from 20–35 °C and wall thickness from 1.2–2.5 mm; the formulation addition ratio is 98–99 wt% EP548P and 1–2 wt% color or additive masterbatch, while unpigmented production uses 100 wt% neat resin. Compliance for storage items that may occasionally contact food is established under EU Regulation 10/2011 and FDA 21 CFR 177.1520; non-food household parts are documented under REACH Article 33 SVHC communication when any listed substance exceeds 0.1 wt%, and packaging-heavy-metal limits follow EU Directive 94/62/EC with combined Pb, Cd, Hg and Cr(VI) below 100 ppm. The downstream production process uses textured cavity surfaces to mask flow lines, after-pressure profiles that avoid sink marks at rib-to-wall junctions, and post-mold assembly by snap-fit or hot-plate welding; snapped bosses and weld bosses are held to ±0.05 mm dimensional tolerances to avoid stress whitening during insertion. Terminal products include stackable storage boxes, under-bed totes, waste bins, drawer organizers, coat hangers, and housings for small household appliances.
Open-top pails molded from EP548P for paints, water-based emulsions, and chemical concentrates are processed at melt temperatures of 220–250 °C; mold temperature is held at 15–30 °C to limit crystallinity gradients across the 1.5–3.0 mm wall, and mold temperature setpoint variation across the cavity surface is held within ±5 °C because rim-seal differential shrinkage above that band produces leak-path deformation after lid insertion. The formulation addition ratio for coloured pail production is 97–98 wt% EP548P and 2–3 wt% masterbatch containing UV/HALS stabilizers when outdoor or warehouse exposure is specified; uncolored food-grade pails are run at 100 wt% neat resin. Compliance for dangerous goods packaging requires UN 1H2 qualification for open-head plastics pails with capacity up to 20 L and testing under the UN Model Regulations Chapter 6.1; food-contact pails are evaluated under FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 and EU Regulation 10/2011, while pigment and stabilizer packages are selected to avoid lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium above 100 ppm under EU Directive 94/62/EC. The downstream production process uses injection molding machines with clamp force from 4,000–8,000 kN, a hot-runner center gate, packing pressure of 30–45 MPa, and cooling time sufficient to maintain demolding flatness on the rim seal; top-load compression is tested after 48 h at 40 °C under ISO 12048, and published data for static load retention of EP548P at 45 °C is limited, so full-scale stacking tests are required before reducing wall thickness. Terminal products include 5 L, 10 L, 15 L, and 20 L pails, buckets with wire or plastic handles, lid-sealed containers for water-based coatings, emulsion polymers, and dry food ingredients.
Where returnable automotive parts bins and produce crates are molded, EP548P is selected for low-temperature ductility and rib impact distribution; the downstream process uses injection molding machines with clamp force from 4,000–10,000 kN and sequential valve-gate control to position weld lines away from corner bosses and stacking lugs. The formulation addition ratio for outdoor logistics service is 95–98 wt% EP548P and 2–5 wt% UV/HALS masterbatch; carbon black or dark pigment concentrates above 4 wt% require re-testing of low-temperature notched impact because pigment dispersion and pigment-binder interactions may shift the ductile-brittle transition. Compliance is documented under REACH Article 33 for SVHCs, RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II with Pb 0.1 wt% and Cd 0.01 wt%, and packaging-heavy-metal limits of EU Directive 94/62/EC; food-contact applications for fruit crates are additionally tested to EU Regulation 10/2011 and FDA 21 CFR 177.1520. The production process maintains wall thickness 2.0–3.5 mm, packing pressure 35–50 MPa, and mold temperature 20–35 °C; cold warehouse impact is characterized by notched Charpy per ISO 179-1/1eA at -20 °C, while full-crate drop performance is validated using ISTA 3A-type procedures. Terminal products include folding distribution totes, ventilated fruit crates, returnable automotive parts bins, agricultural trays, and collapsible pallet boxes.
Toy and recreational goods manufactured from EP548P are assessed under EN 71-1 for mechanical hazards, EN 71-2 for flammability, and EN 71-3 for migration of specified elements; the resin is processed at melt temperature 210–240 °C, mold temperature 20–35 °C, wall thickness 1.0–2.0 mm, and injection speed high enough to maintain melt-front continuity in multi-textured cavity details. The formulation addition ratio for toy parts is 98–99 wt% EP548P and 1–2 wt% heavy-metal-free pigment masterbatch; the compound contains no phthalate-based plasticizers, and concentrations of DEHP, DBP, BBP, DINP, DIDP and DNOP are controlled below 0.1 wt% in the plasticized material under REACH Annex XVII entries 51 and 52. U.S. toy compliance is documented under ASTM F963-17; child-resistant or small-part release tests are performed on the finished article because European and U.S. protocols differ on age grading. The downstream production process uses core and cavity-steel surfaces polished to SPI B-2 or finer and draft angles from 1–2° on textured surfaces to reduce ejection drag; published data for specific pigmented EP548P formulations under EN 71-3 is limited, so each colour lot must be tested for migration compliance. Terminal products include toy blocks, construction sets, ride-on toy chassis parts, sandbox tools, and recreational storage bins.
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MOPLEN PP EP548P is a heterophasic polypropylene impact copolymer supplied by LyondellBasell for injection moulding of rigid articles that must combine moderate melt flow with low-temperature impact resistance. The grade is reactor-modified rather than compounded from pelletised elastomers; a dispersed ethylene-propylene rubber phase in a semicrystalline polypropylene matrix provides ductility, while the continuous PP phase retains structural strength. The base resin is characterised by a density of approximately 0.900 g/cm³ (ISO 1183-1) and a melt flow rate typically reported between 10 g/10 min and 15 g/10 min at 230 °C/2.16 kg (ISO 1133-1:2022). Mechanical values listed in supplier documentation include tensile yield stress of 22–24 MPa (ISO 527-2), flexural modulus of 850–1,000 MPa (ISO 178), and notched Izod impact strength at 23 °C of 8–12 kJ/m² (ISO 180/1A). Typical application platforms include reusable crates, pails, housewares, toys, and structural closures. The grade is not intended for film extrusion or blow moulding because its crystallisation kinetics and melt strength are optimised for injection moulded parts with wall stocks generally above 1.0 mm.
The heterophasic architecture is the central difference. Homopolymer polypropylene consists of a single propylene phase and exhibits higher flexural modulus, commonly 1,300–1,600 MPa (ISO 178), but its notched Izod impact strength at 23 °C is usually below 4 kJ/m² (ISO 180/1A). Random copolymers incorporate ethylene into the chain to reduce crystallinity, yielding contact clarity with haze below 20 % at 1 mm thickness (ASTM D1003), but they sacrifice modulus and low-temperature toughness. MOPLEN EP548P occupies an intermediate position: the elastomer domains raise notched Izod impact strength to 8–12 kJ/m² at 23 °C and retain values of 3–5 kJ/m² at -20 °C, while reducing flexural modulus to roughly 850–1,000 MPa. The morphology also converts brittle crack propagation into stress whitening and ductile yielding under overload. The same dispersed rubber phase increases opacity and lowers gloss relative to clarified random copolymers; therefore transparent packaging, thin-wall hinged closures, and high-gloss decorative parts are generally produced from random copolymers rather than EP548P.
| Property | Standard | MOPLEN EP548P | PP Homopolymer | PP Random Copolymer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 0.900 g/cm³ | 0.905 g/cm³ | 0.900 g/cm³ |
| Melt flow rate at 230 °C/2.16 kg | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 10–15 g/10 min | 10–15 g/10 min | 8–12 g/10 min |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 850–1,000 MPa | 1,300–1,600 MPa | 700–900 MPa |
| Notched Izod at 23 °C | ISO 180/1A | 8–12 kJ/m² | 2–4 kJ/m² | 5–8 kJ/m² |
| Notched Izod at -20 °C | ISO 180/1A | 3–5 kJ/m² | 1–2 kJ/m² | 2–3 kJ/m² |
| Haze at 1 mm | ASTM D1003 | >80 % | 40–70 % | <20 % |
These values are representative of medium-flow injection moulding grades. The EP548P ranges summarise manufacturer-published typical data, while the homopolymer and random copolymer columns are derived from standard PP property profiles. There is no single numeric release limit for all lots; certificates of analysis and the current datasheet govern final design values.
Processing boundaries are set by the interaction of melt flow rate, shear heating, and crystallisation rate. Barrel profile settings should produce a melt stock temperature of 220–250 °C, with nozzle temperature maintained at 220–240 °C when a shut-off nozzle is used. Mould temperature should be held at 30–60 °C to control skin crystallinity and ejection; mould temperatures below 20 °C can increase frozen-in orientation and dimensional instability, while mould temperatures above 70 °C can extend cycle time and raise crystallisation shrinkage. Back pressure of 5–15 bar and screw rotation in the range of 40–100 min⁻¹ are typical for homogeneous melt delivery in a reciprocating screw with L/D 20:1 and compression ratio 2.5:1. Holding pressure should be 50–70 % of peak injection pressure; packing time must exceed gate freeze time to avoid sink marks and mass variation. Because polypropylene is not hygroscopic, routine drying is unnecessary, but surface condensation from storage at relative humidity above 60 % should be removed by drying at 80 °C for 2–4 h.
| Process variable | Typical range | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Melt stock temperature | 220–250 | °C |
| Mould temperature | 30–60 | °C |
| Back pressure | 5–15 | bar |
| Injection speed | medium–high | — |
| Holding pressure | 50–70 % of peak injection pressure | % |
| Screw L/D | 20:1 | — |
| Compression ratio | 2.5:1 | — |
For pail and crate tooling, shrinkage anisotropy is a more demanding boundary condition than melt temperature alone. The differential orientation of the dispersed rubber phase and the flow-induced crystallinity gradient produce flow-direction mould shrinkage values of 1.0–1.5 % and transverse shrinkage of 1.3–1.8 % when measured according to ISO 294-4 after conditioning at 23 ± 2 °C for 48 h. Gate position, flow length, and packing pressure therefore have greater influence on stackability and lid fit than a small shift in barrel zone settings. Deep-draw pails may require a core-cooling line and post-ejection cooling fixtures to control ovality when the wall thickness drops below 2.0 mm. On a typical 2,000 kN hydraulic injection moulding machine with a 50 mm screw and L/D 20:1, ejection forces increase when mould surface temperature drops below 20 °C, particularly on pails with low draft angles or textured surfaces. The use of external release sprays should be avoided because they alter surface energy and can interfere with labelling or food-contact compliance.
Regrind use is common but requires a specified maximum ratio. Impact copolymers retain more toughness after regrind than homopolymer, but repeated exposure to high shear and thermal history shifts the molecular weight distribution and reduces resistance to environmental stress cracking. A controlled regrind level of 10–20 wt% is typical for non-food contact crates; food-contact applications require that regrind be generated from the same compliant material and be approved under the applicable food-contact regulation. Batch-to-batch variation in melt flow rate should be monitored by checking the certificate of analysis because a shift from 10 g/10 min to 15 g/10 min changes filling pressure and pack behaviour in multi-cavity tools.
Logistics containers stored outdoors or transported in refrigerated trailers require impact strength below 0 °C. In homopolymer polypropylene, notched impact falls sharply at sub-zero temperatures; a notched Izod value of less than 2 kJ/m² at -20 °C is common. The rubber phase in EP548P acts as a stress concentrator and energy absorber, allowing the material to fail by shear yielding rather than unstable crack growth. Specifications for returnable crates and pails frequently call for a notched Charpy impact strength of at least 3 kJ/m² at -20 °C (ISO 179-1/1eA) or an instrumented puncture test under ISO 6603-2. A practical qualification protocol uses drop tests from 1.0 m onto concrete at -20 °C; filled crates are impacted on the base corner because that geometry concentrates moulded-in stress and gate vestige. Published data for the exact drop-test response of EP548P in all customer-specific part geometries is limited; a design-of-experiments study should vary mould temperature, holding pressure, and gate size to avoid brittle corners at low temperature.
Compared with heavily compounded elastomer-modified PP, EP548P provides a narrower trade-off between impact and modulus. If a part requires impact strength above 15 kJ/m² at 23 °C, a compounded TPO or a higher-impact reactor grade may be required. However, those materials usually have lower flexural modulus, higher viscosity at low shear rates, and greater moulded-in stress. EP548P should not be selected when the primary requirement is optical transparency, high-gloss appearance, or stiffness above 1,200 MPa.
Compliance statements must be obtained from the manufacturer for the specific lot and grade. Polyolefins of this composition are commonly assessed under EU Regulation 10/2011 for plastic materials intended for food contact. In the United States, polypropylene homopolymers and copolymers may be evaluated under 21 CFR § 177.1520; specific end-use limitations depend on the additive package and the conditions of use. The product is supplied with a safety data sheet under REACH Regulation (EC) 1907/2006, and the absence of intentionally added substances of very high concern must be confirmed through the manufacturer’s declaration. Chemical resistance limitations include strong oxidising acids, certain aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and prolonged exposure to fuels. Ultraviolet exposure degrades unstabilised polypropylene; outdoor crates require a UV-stabilised masterbatch or carbon black loading of 2.0–2.5 wt%. The base resin should not be combined with additives that are incompatible with olefinic systems, such as unneutralised acidic process aids or certain amine-based flame retardants, without stabiliser adjustment. Pre-drying is not required under normal storage, but if surface moisture is present from condensation, drying at 80 °C for 2–4 h prevents splay. Processing above 270 °C should be avoided because thermal degradation of the elastomer phase can cause yellowing, reduction in molecular weight, and loss of low-temperature impact.
