On three-layer blown film lines running LLDPE-rich skins at 60–80 µm total gauge, LyondellBasell POLYBATCH™ Teal 30316 Concentrate Based In LLDPE is introduced at 2.0–3.0 wt% with a gravimetric feeder mounted at the main feed throat. The melt index delta between the concentrate carrier and the film resin is maintained below 2.0 g/10 min as measured under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190°C/2.16 kg. Extruders with 25:1–30:1 L/D barrier screws and screen packs of 60/80/100 mesh are typical; melt temperature at the die lip is maintained between 190°C and 215°C. With die gaps of 1.8–2.4 mm and blow-up ratios of 2.0:1–3.0:1, colour uniformity stabilizes after 20–30 min of transition purging, provided the masterbatch is not starve-fed. Terminal products include frozen-food bags, bakery over-wrap, industrial liners and collation shrink film. Converters must verify food-contact status against EU Regulation 10/2011 Annex I and 21 CFR 177.1520 for the olefin polymer; the colourant itself falls under 21 CFR 178.3290 in the United States. Packaged-article heavy-metal concentration must not exceed the sum limit of 100 mg/kg for lead, cadmium, mercury and chromium VI under EU Directive 94/62/EC Article 11. Over-addition beyond 4.5 wt% produces local melt elasticity differences at the freeze line that can trigger bubble flutter; in films below 20 µm, the let-down is held at or below 2.0 wt% to avoid teal pigment speck formation after 8–10 h of continuous operation. Pre-drying is not required for material stored in sealed packaging; if the package is opened above 60% relative humidity for more than 48 h, moisture-generated pinholes may appear, and the concentrate is dried at 60°C for 4 h in a desiccant hopper dryer before use.

What Controls Let-Down Ratio in High-Cavitation Thin-Wall Injection Moulding?

The teal masterbatch is metered at 1.5–2.5 wt% into natural HDPE or LLDPE moulding compound at the machine throat of high-cavitation tools with 8–32 cavities and valve-gated hot runners using a loss-in-weight feeder. Pigment agglomerates larger than 10–15 µm create gate blush and flow lines at injection speeds above 120 mm/s, so screw back pressure is set between 8 bar and 15 bar to maintain melt homogeneity without excessive shear heating. Melt temperature is maintained between 200°C and 240°C, injection pressure between 80 MPa and 120 MPa, and mould temperature between 15°C and 40°C. Cavity-to-cavity colour consistency is verified with a laboratory spectrophotometer under D65/10 illuminant/observer; acceptable lots fall within dE*ab ≤ 1.0 against the approved master standard under ISO 11664-4. Terminal products include caps, closures, housewares, crates and thin-wall storage containers. Compliance records for these durable goods are typically maintained under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II, with lead below 1,000 ppm and cadmium below 100 ppm, and under REACH Article 33 for SVHC screening. Published data for this specific product configuration is limited for applications requiring e-beam or gamma sterilization; the converter should test colour shift after 25 kGy and 50 kGy doses if medical or laboratory packaging is targeted.

During solvent-free cast film extrusion of 25–50 µm teal-tinted stretch, agricultural and hygiene films at line speeds above 300 m/min, die-lip build-up rather than colour dispersion becomes the limiting quality variable after 6–10 h of uninterrupted operation. Teal 30316 is dosed at 2.0–3.0 wt%; melt temperature at the slot die is held at 220–240°C, and die gap is maintained at 0.5–0.8 mm. Polished chill rolls at 20–40°C and an air-knife pinning system provide film contact and suppress gauge bands. Terminal products include pallet wrap, silage film, hygiene backsheet and protective masking film. For food-contact grades, the converter must verify that the final film meets EU Regulation 10/2011 Annex I and 21 CFR 177.1520, with colorants assessed under 21 CFR 178.3290 in the United States. Where optical clarity is specified, film haze is characterized per ASTM D1003-13. Phthalocyanine-based teal pigments may accumulate at the die lip when polymer processing aid is absent; converters running long campaigns add 400–800 ppm of a fluoropolymer process aid in the skin layer to reduce deposit incidence. Published data for this specific product formulation under high-line-speed cast film conditions is limited; therefore, a 2 h die-lip inspection interval is used during first production qualification. Chill roll release problems increase above 3.5 wt% addition, and the concentrate should not be combined with excessive metal stearate antiblock in the same layer without evaluating plate-out tendency under production conditions.

Extrusion Blow Moulding Parison Wall-Thickness Mapping and ESCR Drift

Extrusion blow moulding of HDPE containers with 2.0–3.5 wt% Teal 30316 requires attention to the LLDPE carrier because it modifies parison sag and die swell behaviour relative to uncoloured HDPE. Melt temperature at the accumulator head is maintained between 180°C and 210°C; parison programming is set with 10–30 point wall-thickness curves to compensate for the slightly higher melt extensibility of the LLDPE carrier. Terminal products include detergent bottles, industrial drums, personal-care containers and agricultural chemical jerrycans. For aggressive contents, converters should map environmental stress crack resistance with ASTM D1693-15 condition B; published data for this specific product configuration is limited, and the LLDPE carrier can shift failure time relative to 100% HDPE by a measurable but formulation-dependent margin. Density of the final article typically shifts less than 0.002 g/cm³ at 2.5 wt% addition, but this must be confirmed on the production line rather than from concentrate data alone. Compliance records for packaging of dangerous goods require compatibility testing under the applicable UN packaging code and 49 CFR Part 178 where relevant; heavy metals in the packaging article remain bounded by EU Directive 94/62/EC Article 11 at the 100 mg/kg sum limit. Over-addition above 5.0 wt% is not recommended because localized teal pigment agglomerates can form visible specks in the pinch-off weld and handle flash zones.

In rotomoulding plants charging 35-mesh (500 µm) LLDPE micropowder into cast aluminium or steel moulds, pelletized Teal 30316 must be pre-ground to pass 35 mesh unless the concentrate is supplied as a powder. The masterbatch is dry-blended at 3.0–5.0 wt% in a high-intensity mixer at 25–35 rpm for 10–15 min to prevent particle segregation during transfer. Oven set temperature is maintained between 280°C and 320°C, with peak internal air temperature reaching 200–230°C and total cycle time of 20–30 min depending on wall thickness. Terminal products include water tanks, kayaks, playground components, outdoor furniture and agricultural storage bins. Compliance for toys and childcare articles requires migration testing under EN 71-3; general packaging articles fall under EU Directive 94/62/EC Article 11 heavy-metal limits of 100 mg/kg. Dry-colour segregation across pneumatic conveying lines is a known failure mode; if the concentrate powder particle size distribution is not matched to the micropowder base, colour streaking appears at the mould parting line after the first oven cycle. Published data for this specific product under rotomoulding sintering conditions is limited; therefore, the first production run includes a 100% visual inspection of the parting line and threaded boss areas.

When the Concentrate Is Introduced Into Monofilament and Tape Extrusion Lines

Synthetic turf thatch and geotextile tape lines running LLDPE-rich formulations can incorporate 3.0–5.0 wt% Teal 30316 if the pellet is melt blended before the metering pump. Extruder melt temperature is maintained between 200°C and 230°C; the extrudate is quenched in a water bath at 20–35°C, stretched at a ratio of 1:4–1:8, and annealed in a hot-air oven at 90–110°C. Terminal products include artificial turf thatch filaments, geotextile reinforcement tape, baler twine and industrial strapping. Tensile properties are measured under ISO 527-3; weathering resistance is assessed under ISO 4892-2 xenon arc exposure where colour retention is specified. The concentrate alone does not provide sufficient UV stabilization for exterior synthetic turf or geotextile applications; the final compound must include a separate HALS and UV absorber package to meet end-use service life requirements. Published data for the intrinsic lightfastness of this specific concentrate is limited, so outdoor grades are qualified at the customer-specific xenon arc radiant exposure rather than from masterbatch pigment data alone. Over-addition above 5.0 wt% can reduce tenacity in highly oriented tapes because pigment particles act as stress concentrators during stretching.

Where thick-gauge LLDPE sheet is converted into reusable material-handling trays, industrial dunnage and thermoformed packaging, Teal 30316 is metered at 2.0–3.0 wt% into the main extruder feed. Sheet lines with 30:1–34:1 L/D extruders and melt pumps deliver melt to a flat die at 210–230°C; the die gap is set at 0.6–1.0 mm before the sheet enters a three-roll stack held at 60–80°C. Terminal products include reusable trays, pallet dividers, dunnage sheets and thermoformed industrial packaging. Compliance records follow REACH Article 33 SVHC screening and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II where electronic equipment packaging is specified. Roll-stack plate-out becomes a production bottleneck when the concentrate is combined with high levels of stearyl stearamide slip; if the slip additive exceeds 1,000 ppm, a continuous cleaning film or roll-stack release evaluation is performed before full campaign. Published data for this specific product in thick-gauge sheet is limited; therefore, thickness uniformity is verified gravimetrically across the sheet width at 10 cm intervals after the first 30 min of line operation.