| HS Code | 826021 |
| Density | 0.905 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate | 12.5 g/10 min (230°C / 2.16 kg) |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 35 MPa |
| Elongation At Yield | 11% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1450 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C | 4.5 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 100°C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 55°C |
| Vicat Softening Point 10 N | 153°C |
| Melting Point Dsc | 163°C |
| Rockwell Hardness | R105 |
| Water Absorption 24 Hr | 0.01% |
As an accredited INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged in 25 kg sealed polyethylene-lined paper bags, palletized and wrapped, protecting INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A pellets from moisture and contamination. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading of INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A: secure palletized bags, even weight distribution, proper bracing, and ventilation to ensure safe transit. |
| Shipping | INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A is shipped as non-hazardous polypropylene resin pellets in sealed moisture-proof bags or bulk containers. Protect from excessive heat, direct sunlight, and moisture during transit. Handle with standard industrial equipment; avoid dust accumulation and static ignition sources. Store in clean, dry conditions away from incompatible materials. |
| Storage | Store INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly closed and protected from mechanical damage. Avoid generating dust; if dust forms, prevent ignition and use appropriate ventilation. Maintain indoor storage temperatures below 40°C and keep material dry to preserve quality. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight and heat. |
In thin-wall injection moulding of dairy cups, lids and portion-pack containers, INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A is evaluated as a medium-flow homopolymer candidate for multi-cavity hot-runner tools. The solid density is approximately 0.90 g/cm³ when measured according to ISO 1183-1:2019. Melt flow behaviour is characterised by ISO 1133-1:2022 at 230 °C/2.16 kg; the actual lot MFR must be taken from the certificate of analysis because published data for this specific product configuration is limited. The practical melt-temperature window at the nozzle is 230–250 °C. Exceeding 270 °C can initiate thermo-oxidative degradation, particularly in hot-runner drops with residence time beyond 5 min. Mould temperatures between 15 °C and 30 °C are used to accelerate skin solidification in wall sections of 0.45–0.80 mm. Injection velocity is held in the 180–250 mm/s range to prevent hesitation marks while avoiding jetting. Hold pressure is commonly 35–60 MPa hydraulic, with transfer at a screw cushion of 2–5 mm. The melt-temperature set point must be maintained within ±5 °C of the validated target; larger drift produces gate blush or short-shot variance on multi-cavity tools. Because PP-H exhibits semi-crystalline shrinkage, the practical mould shrinkage envelope is 1.1–1.5 % in flow direction and 0.8–1.2 % in transverse direction under balanced flow. Tooling adjustments for wall thickness and gate location affect final shrinkage more than minor lot-to-lot melt-flow variation. Low-temperature drop-impact behaviour is the critical limitation: at 0 °C and below, homopolymer polypropylene tends toward brittle failure under sidewall impact. Drop-impact testing according to ASTM D2463 or instrumented puncture per ISO 6603-2 at 5 °C should define the lower service temperature for the finished container. Food-contact status depends on FDA 21 CFR 177.1520(c) and EU Regulation 10/2011; overall migration testing in food simulants is required with a threshold of 10 mg/dm² for general food-contact use. No food-contact compliance can be inferred without lot-specific certification and extraction testing on the final article.
On production-scale thin-wall lines, cavity-to-cavity fill imbalance greater than 5 % is a known source of mass variation and dimensional outliers. Hot-runner manifolds should be balanced within ±2 °C to prevent sequential filling. If the resin has been stored under high humidity, surface moisture can generate splay despite the non-hygroscopic nature of PP-H; a short hopper dryer set at 80 °C for 2–4 h may be used when exposed to relative humidity above 60 %. The homopolymer should not be blended with impact copolymer or random copolymer if sidewall stiffness and shrinkage uniformity are critical. The addition of external mould-release agents above 0.1 wt% can reduce the migration margin under food-contact evaluation and should be avoided without reformulation testing.
The limiting failure mode in tamper-evident turn-top closures is not short-term tensile yield but progressive loss of hinge retention force after repeated flex cycles at elevated service temperatures. Injection-compression moulding is preferred because it permits lower clamp force and reduced moulded-in stress; the compression stroke is typically 2–5 mm after metering, while melt temperature is held at 220–245 °C. The hinge is flexed immediately post-ejection while the polymer temperature is between 60 °C and 80 °C to orient lamellae along the hinge axis and reduce stress whitening. Hinge thickness below 0.25 mm may produce short-shot failures; above 0.50 mm hinge stiffness rises but flex fatigue life can decline. The closure-bore seal must retain interference fit after top-load compression. A 28 mm PCO 1881 closure neck finish is commonly inspected for seal leakage under 20 N top load and 350 kPa internal air pressure. Homopolymer PP has flexural modulus in the region of 1,200–1,600 MPa according to ISO 178:2019, but published data for this exact grade configuration is limited, so comparative testing against a known closure-grade reference is required before tool release.
Hinge-cycling specifications for closure applications typically demand 300–500 open/close cycles without visible crack initiation or torque loss greater than 15 %. Environmental stress-crack resistance in aggressive surfactant solutions should be evaluated using ASTM D1693 or a modified constant-load test in 5 wt% nonylphenol ethoxylate at 50 °C to anticipate warehouse failures. The material should not be combined with amine-based antistatic packages without revalidation, because amine migration can alter organoleptic properties and compromise food-contact sensory acceptance. For hot-fill closure applications, creep testing at 60 °C under sustained top load is more informative than room-temperature torque measurement; the effective modulus decays with time under load, and failure is typically observed as cap loosening rather than brittle fracture. Injection moulders should record cushion stability, transfer pressure and gate-freeze time for each lot because these variables affect the residual stress field surrounding the hinge.
Appliance structural brackets and dishwasher spray-arm supports are frequently injection moulded from PP-H when continuous operating temperature stays below 80 °C and the load is intermittent. In these applications the critical output is not cold impact but distortion under hot alkaline wash solutions. Dishwasher detergent exposure at pH 9–11 and water temperature 65–75 °C can be modelled by ISO 175 immersion testing. PP-H retains short-term tensile strength under these conditions, but creep modulus declines significantly; design stress should not exceed 25 % of the 23 °C yield stress from ISO 527-2 if the part must maintain flatness after repeated wash cycles. Mould temperature of 30–50 °C improves part flatness and reduces residual stress but increases cycle time. Hot-runner valve gates reduce gate vestige and shear heating in reinforced rib areas. No published UL 746B relative thermal index has been located for P4G4B-125A; applications relying on an RTI rating must use a listed generic polypropylene grade or obtain a specific UL listing. The resin should not be used for load-bearing components located near heating elements because local surface temperatures above 100 °C can produce creep and oxidative embrittlement.
For INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A to be considered in disposable diagnostic housings or specimen transfer parts, the injection moulder must verify that the delivered resin lot meets the device master file and that no slip agent or mould-release lubricant has been added without authorisation. Medical-grade compliance is not an intrinsic property of the homopolymer; it is a function of polymer formulation, supply-chain hygiene and final device validation. Under 121 °C autoclave cycles, unreinforced PP-H parts may distort because the deflection temperature under 0.45 MPa load according to ISO 75-2/B:2020 is typically 85–105 °C. Steam sterilisation is therefore generally restricted to components with low dimensional tolerance or free-standing geometry. Gamma or electron-beam sterilisation up to 25 kGy can be considered, but post-sterilisation yellowness index and retained tensile elongation must be tested according to ISO 527-2. Unstabilised PP-H can undergo chain scission and lose more than 30 % of initial elongation at 50 kGy depending on the stabiliser package. Biocompatibility testing should follow ISO 10993-5:2009 for cytotoxicity and ISO 10993-10:2021 for irritation and sensitisation, using the exact moulded article rather than raw pellets.
| Regulatory domain | Reference | Test or parameter | Application gate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Food-contact polymer | FDA 21 CFR 177.1520(c) | End-use extraction | Dairy cups, caps, food trays |
| EU food contact | EU 10/2011 Annex I | Overall migration 10 mg/dm² | Food containers |
| Medical device | ISO 10993-5 | Cytotoxicity | Diagnostic housings |
| Medical device | ISO 10993-10 | Irritation and sensitisation | Skin-contact components |
| Automotive interior | VDA 270 B3 | Odour rating | HVAC carriers, supports |
| Automotive interior | VDA 278 | VOC/FOG thermal desorption | HVAC carriers, supports |
| Structural parts | ISO 179-1/1eA | Charpy notched impact 23 °C and -30 °C | Appliance brackets, crates |
When an automotive interior specification requires a low-odour, low-gloss substrate for heater/vent housings, centre-console side supports or instrument-panel carrier components, PP-H can be considered only after odour and emissions validation on the exact colour-compounded lot. Melt processing of PP-H at excessive temperature or high shear generates volatile degradation products; therefore barrel temperature profiles should not exceed 240 °C at the nozzle and residence time should be limited to 4 min if no process-stabiliser recompounding is performed. Mould temperature of 40–60 °C can reduce surface gloss and improve grain reproduction on etched cavity surfaces. Mechanical acceptance usually follows ISO 527-2 tensile modulus, ISO 178:2019 flexural modulus and ISO 179-1/1eA Charpy notched impact at 23 °C and -30 °C. The notched Charpy value for unreinforced PP-H at 23 °C commonly falls between 2 kJ/m² and 5 kJ/m²; at -30 °C it can drop below 1.5 kJ/m², which excludes the material from cold-impact safety components such as airbag covers or knee bolsters. Emissions are tested according to VDA 270 B3 for odour and VDA 278 for VOC/FOG. Typical PP-H formulations must score ≤3.0 in odour and meet OEM-defined total volatile limits, but these values are compound-specific and cannot be read across from base resin data alone. REACH SVHC screening under Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 may be required for automotive interior PP compounds; absence of SVHC cannot be declared without supply-chain testing of pigments, stabilisers and carrier resins.
Directly after ejection, returnable transport packaging and logistics totes present a lower-temperature service envelope but impose long-duration stack loading, washdown exposure and abrasive abuse. Polypropylene homopolymer such as INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A can be injection moulded into crates and pallet-top sleeves with wall thicknesses of 2.5–4.0 mm, using rapid fill and structural ribs to compensate for the lower impact resistance of homopolymer relative to PP impact copolymer. The key design limit is long-term creep: under a constant top load, effective modulus decays by a factor that depends on use temperature and load duration. A conservative design stress below 20 % of the 23 °C yield stress from ISO 527-2 is often applied for warehouse storage at 40 °C ambient. Hot-water or steam cleaning at 80–90 °C is possible for short intervals, but repeated aggressive alkaline washdowns above pH 11 can accelerate surface microcracking and should be verified by environmental stress cracking tests. The moulding window should include a mould temperature of 15–40 °C, with cooling time based on part wall thickness; sections over 3.5 mm may require minimum cooling time of 20–30 s to avoid sink marks. Impact acceptance for crates is commonly evaluated by drop tests at 0 °C or -10 °C using a calibrated drop height specified by the logistics operator; homopolymer PP can be more crack-sensitive than impact copolymer under these conditions, so rib radius and gate placement require finite-element review before tooling is cut.
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INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G4B-125A is a pelletised isotactic polypropylene homopolymer intended for injection moulding. The designation P4G4B-125A identifies a nominal melt mass-flow rate of 12.5 g/10 min at 230 °C and 2.16 kg load, determined in accordance with ISO 1133-1:2022 or ASTM D1238-20 Condition L. Because polymerisation occurs without intentional ethylene comonomer, the resin develops higher crystallinity and a more rigid semi-crystalline network than random copolymer grades with equivalent flow. Published data for this exact INVISTA P4G4B-125A configuration is limited in public sources; the processing and comparative statements presented here are therefore derived from established isotactic homopolymer behaviour, standard ISO specimen preparation protocols, and production-line records for equivalent 12–13 g/10 min injection-moulding grades.
On multi-cavity moulds with 8 to 32 cavities and hot-runner manifolds, the melt temperature is maintained between 210 °C and 250 °C, while the feed throat is held at 40–50 °C to prevent pellet bridging. A general-purpose screw with compression ratio 2.5:1–3.0:1 and metering length 4–5 D provides sufficient plastication without excessive shear heating. Back pressure is set at 0.5–1.5 MPa hydraulic, and screw recovery is adjusted so that plasticating time remains between 60% and 80% of the cooling time. Short shots on outermost cavities of a 16-cavity cap tool are frequently traced to manifold imbalance combined with nozzle tip temperatures below 210 °C; the resulting gate freeze-off increases pressure loss and changes pack distribution. Fill speed should be set so that 90–95% of cavity volume is filled in 0.4–1.0 s for walls below 1.5 mm; slower fill permits premature flow-front freezing and produces flow lines. Mould surface temperature is held at 20–50 °C. At mould temperatures below 15 °C, quenched surface layers exhibit reduced spherulite size and lower tensile modulus, while above 60 °C cycle time increases and post-mould shrinkage may exceed 1.5% after 24 h. Cooling time for a 2 mm wall can be estimated with thermal diffusivity near 0.1 mm²/s and ejection temperature 80–100 °C; typical cooling requirement is 8–10 s at a 40 °C mould. Residence time should remain below 10 min at 250 °C to avoid chain scission and yellowing.
Capillary rheometry on equivalent homopolymers indicates shear-thinning from a zero-shear viscosity near 1500–2500 Pa·s at 200 °C to an apparent viscosity of 200–300 Pa·s at 1000 s⁻¹ and 230 °C. This nonlinear flow curve means mould fill should not be linearly extrapolated from MFR alone; a high-flow grade with the same MFR but narrower molecular weight distribution can exhibit lower pressure drop in thin-wall sections. In multiple-drop hot-runner systems, shear rate should not exceed 50 000 s⁻¹ to avoid melt fracture and viscous heating. Hold pressure is profiled at 40–60% of peak injection pressure for 0.3–0.6 s/mm of nominal wall to minimise sink marks in bosses and bridge regions. Gate-seal time is determined by plotting part weight versus hold time; a stable plateau at 2–3 s for a 1.5 mm bridge indicates that the gate has frozen.
Bulk handling systems designed for pelletised polyolefins should use mass-flow silos with a half-angle steeper than 70° from horizontal to prevent ratholing. The bulk density of equivalent pellet geometries is 530–560 kg/m³ under ASTM D1895 Method A. Railcar unloading rates above 20 t/h may generate fines if the transfer line contains too many elbows; fines from pellet attrition increase dust burns and melt-pressure instability.
Rigid packaging containers above 0.8 mm wall thickness and appliance housings with snap-fit features place the grade in a low-shrinkage regime. Mould shrinkage measured on ISO 294-4:2018 plaques is generally 1.0–1.5% parallel and 1.0–1.4% perpendicular to flow. The equilibrium moisture absorption remains below 0.03 wt% at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity under ISO 62:2008; hydrolysis is therefore not a dominant degradation route, which distinguishes this material from polyamide formulations requiring stringent hopper drying. However, this low polarity also limits paint adhesion and surface energy; corona or plasma treatment is required for printing and bonding, with a dyne level above 38 mN/m necessary for consistent UV ink adhesion.
The principal performance separation between P4G4B-125A and PP random copolymers emerges under load at elevated temperatures. Homopolymer grades exhibit a flexural modulus of approximately 1500 MPa under ISO 178:2019, whereas random copolymers with equivalent melt flow commonly fall near 1000–1200 MPa. For a 3 mm thick cantilever snap beam of equal cross-section, changing from a random copolymer to a homopolymer can increase resistance to deflection by roughly 30–40% at 23 °C under linear elastic conditions. The notched Charpy impact value at 23 °C for homopolymer is typically 2.0–3.5 kJ/m², while random copolymers may exceed 5 kJ/m² and impact copolymers commonly reach 10–16 kJ/m². Consequently, P4G4B-125A should be excluded from cold-temperature abuse applications such as freezer-grade containers or automotive interior components subject to airbag deployment unless post-moulding toughness modification is incorporated.
| Property | Test method | 12.5 g/10 min homopolymer | Equivalent-flow random copolymer | Equivalent-flow impact copolymer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178:2019 | 1450–1650 MPa | 950–1200 MPa | 1150–1400 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact at 23 °C | ISO 179-1:2010 | 2.0–3.5 kJ/m² | 5–8 kJ/m² | 10–16 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa | ISO 75-2:2013 | 90–100 °C | 75–85 °C | 80–90 °C |
| Tensile stress at yield | ISO 527-2:2012 | 34–37 MPa | 26–30 MPa | 25–28 MPa |
Haze measured on 2 mm plaques is generally 40–70% for homopolymer, while clarified random copolymers fall below 20%; P4G4B-125A should not be selected for transparent thin-wall packaging unless haze acceptance is broad. Differential scanning calorimetry on equivalent homopolymers shows a melting peak between 160 °C and 165 °C and a crystallisation peak between 115 °C and 125 °C at 10 K/min, supporting hot-runner temperature setpoints and cooling time selection. Knit-line tensile strength retention typically ranges from 60% to 80% of neat material; vents at the last filling point and melt temperatures above 220 °C improve consolidation at weld lines.
Closure and cap applications using direct-cavity hot-runner systems impose additional constraints. A hot-runner manifold held at 230–250 °C with valve-gate nozzle temperatures 20–30 °C below the manifold prevents stringing and premature gate freeze. Torque retention after capping is governed by creep and stress relaxation; homopolymer grades show lower post-capping torque loss than random copolymers because higher crystallinity increases resistance to deformation under continuous hoop stress. In high-speed closure tools, the bridge region is susceptible to sink if pack time is shorter than gate-seal time. Inadequate venting at the perimeter produces gas burns in fast-filling cap tools; vent depth should be 0.02–0.03 mm. The material is also used in thick-wall housewares where part weight and stiffness are prioritised over low-temperature impact.
Compared with a 35 g/10 min injection-moulding homopolymer, P4G4B-125A has lower spiral flow length and longer cooling time but higher Charpy impact and better stress-crack resistance at welded joints. In thin-wall food containers below 0.5 mm, the larger flow length demand may push processing toward a higher-flow grade; however, the lower melt flow of P4G4B-125A supplies higher melt strength and less warpage in thick bosses. Shrinkage anisotropy arises from flow-induced orientation; post-moulding dimensional change after 48 h at 80 °C can be 0.2–0.4% additional. Conditioning at 23 °C and 50% RH for 24 h is required before metrology under ISO 294-3:2020.
Although bulk moisture absorption stays below 0.03 wt% at 50% relative humidity, condensation on cold pellet surfaces moved from unheated silos into a warm manufacturing hall can produce surface water sufficient to generate splay marks. In these conditions, a desiccant hopper dryer set to 70–80 °C for 2–4 h with a dew point below −20 °C removes surface moisture without pellet agglomeration. The hopper volume should be sized for at least 1 h of throughput at maximum screw recovery. This drying temperature range remains below the crystallisation interval and does not alter pellet morphology; however, extended exposure above 100 °C can initiate thermal oxidation, and the hopper should be purged or sealed to limit oxygen uptake during extended idle periods. Hot-air tray dryers are not equivalent because they cannot lower the air dew point sufficiently to remove surface condensation at low temperatures.
Regulatory status for each lot should be obtained from the supplier's certificate of conformance. For single-use food-contact applications, resin compliance may be evaluated against FDA 21 CFR 177.1520, which covers olefin polymers, with end-use temperature and duration defining the applicable conditions of use. Under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, verification requires migration testing under simulated worst-case time and temperature conditions rather than resin certification alone. No claim is made for implantable medical applications under ISO 10993-1:2018, and no flame-retardant classification beyond standard polyolefin UL 94 HB should be inferred unless explicitly certified in supplier documentation. The grade is not recommended with strong oxidising acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, or chlorinated solvents at elevated temperatures because these agents reduce molecular weight or induce environmental stress cracking in moulded parts.
