| HS Code | 398838 |
| Density | 0.905 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 230 C 2 16 Kg | 4.0 g/10 min |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 36 MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 1800 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 1500 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 150% |
| Notched Izod Impact Strength 23 C | 3.0 kJ/m² |
| Rockwell Hardness | R85 |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 46 Mpa | 105 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature A 10 N | 155 °C |
| Melting Point Dsc | 160 °C |
| Water Absorption 24 Hours | 0.01% |
As an accredited INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 is packaged in 25 kg polyethylene-lined paper bags, palletized and wrapped for shipment. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: Load INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 in sealed, dry containers, securing bags/pallets to prevent shifting, ensuring ventilation and cleanliness. |
| Shipping | INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 ships as non-hazardous polypropylene resin in 25 kg bags, bulk bags, or rail/ truck containers. Keep packaging dry, avoid direct heat and prolonged UV exposure. No special dangerous-goods declaration required. Use clean, covered transport to prevent contamination and preserve product quality. |
| Storage | Store INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture, dust, and contamination. Maintain moderate temperatures and avoid prolonged exposure to high heat. Store separately from strong oxidizers and incompatible materials. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original packaging in a cool, dry area. Shelf life is indefinite when kept dry, clean, and protected from sunlight. |
In biaxially oriented polypropylene film production, INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 is introduced into the core layer of coextruded tenter-frame lines at a melt temperature of 235–245 °C and a die temperature maintained within ±1.5 °C. The grade’s nominal melt flow rate of 4.0 g/10 min determined by ISO 1133-1:2022 at 230 °C/2.16 kg supports flat-gauge retention across die widths up to 6.0 m, but the homopolymer requires copolymer or terpolymer skin layers because its seal initiation temperature is 126–132 °C and cannot form a fusion seal below that threshold. Core-layer additive loadings are typically 2.0–4.0 wt% antiblock masterbatch containing synthetic silica with a median particle size of 3–5 μm, 1.0–2.0 wt% slip masterbatch carrying 5–10 wt% erucamide, and 0.3–0.8 wt% ethoxylated-amine antistatic masterbatch. In sequential orientation, the cast sheet at 0.6–1.2 mm is preheated to 120–140 °C, stretched in the machine direction at 4.5:1–5.5:1, then heated to 155–170 °C and stretched transversely at 7:1–10:1. Compliance for food-contact applications is anchored to FDA 21 CFR 177.1520(c) 1.1 and EU Regulation 10/2011 Annex I Table 2, with total migration not exceeding 10 mg/dm² under the assigned food simulant; REACH Regulation 1907/2006 requires SVHC concentration below 0.1 wt%. Terminal products include printed snack-food packaging, pressure-sensitive label facestock, heat-sealable overwrap for confectionery cartons, and metallized barrier film after corona treatment to 38–42 dyn/cm. On production-scale tenter lines, a recurrent fault is the appearance of gel specks and bubble defects when hygroscopic masterbatch batches exceed 300 ppm moisture, requiring predrying at 60–80 °C for 2–4 h and use of vented single-screw extruders with L/D ratio 30:1–38:1; die-lip build-up from degraded homopolymer is controlled by a 60/120/250 mesh screen pack and regular die cleaning. The processing boundary in transverse orientation is neck-in above 12% at 160 °C, which causes edge trim losses and film thickness deviation above ±2.5%; published data for this specific configuration is limited to line trials rather than laboratory film.
Slit-tape extrusion for woven packaging uses P4G3B-146 in flat-film die widths up to 1,200 mm, with a die gap of 0.8–1.2 mm and melt temperature of 200–230 °C. The water quench bath is maintained at 28–35 °C; quench temperature variation greater than ±2 °C produces uneven crystallinity that later appears as transverse thickness bands. Tapes are slit to 2.0–4.0 mm before hot-air oven drawing at 105–125 °C. First godet speed is 12–18 m/min, second godet speed 80–130 m/min, giving an actual stretch ratio of 6.0:1–8.5:1; above 8.5:1 the tape exhibits fibrillation, width shrinkage above 3%, and loss of weaving efficiency on circular looms. Formulation ratios for outdoor FIBC and tarpaulin applications are 1.5–2.5 wt% UV-stabilizer masterbatch containing 10 wt% HALS 944, 2.0–5.0 wt% calcium carbonate masterbatch, and 0.5–1.0 wt% processing lubricant. Compliance for FIBC safe working load and cyclic stack testing follows ISO 21898:2004, while tensile properties of the oriented tape are measured by ISO 527-3:2018 at a test speed of 500 mm/min. Terminal products include single-loop FIBCs for mineral and agricultural cargo, woven PP sacks for resin pellets, laminated tarpaulins, and carpet-backing fabrics. A production-scale bottleneck occurs when gel particles greater than 150 μm enter the slit die from degraded high-temperature zones; screen packs of 60/120/250 mesh are installed downstream of the breaker plate to protect die lips. Batches with calcium carbonate masterbatch moisture above 500 ppm create steam pinholes that reduce tape elongation at break below 15%; predrying at 60–80 °C for 1–2 h is required when warehouse RH exceeds 60%.
When a monolayer PP sheet is extruded for plug-assist vacuum thermoforming, P4G3B-146 is processed at melt temperatures of 210–240 °C through a coat-hanger die with an adjustable flex lip set 0.3–0.6 mm above the target sheet gauge. The three-roll polishing stack is held at 65–90 °C; roll-gap mismatch above 0.05 mm produces surface haze and transverse curl that prevents reliable vacuum sealing. Sheet thickness tolerance is held to ±0.05 mm for 0.25–1.20 mm sheet. Formulation ratios are 1.0–3.0 wt% nucleating-agent masterbatch based on sodium benzoate or sorbitol acetal, 1.0–2.0 wt% color concentrate, and optional 0.5–1.5 wt% antistatic masterbatch. Thermoforming conditions for P4G3B-146 sheet require surface temperatures of 150–180 °C, plug speeds of 200–400 mm/s, and mold temperatures of 20–40 °C; deep-draw ratios above 2.5:1 are achievable only with plug-assisted pre-stretching and uniform gauge distribution. Compliance for food-contact containers is established under FDA 21 CFR 177.1520(c) 1.1 and EU Regulation 10/2011 Annex I with overall migration below 10 mg/dm². Terminal products include cold-fill deli containers, bakery trays, drinking cups, and opaque clamshell blisters. The operational boundary is low-temperature impact: homopolymer PP sheet displays brittle failure in instrumented falling-dart tests following ASTM D3763-18 at 0 °C when absorbed energy is below 1.5 J, so frozen-food distribution below -18 °C should be directed to block copolymer PP grades rather than P4G3B-146. In addition, chill-roll speed mismatch above 2.0% relative to linear sheet speed creates residual orientation that distorts parts after reheating.
After extrusion through a slot die at 190–225 °C and quenching in a water bath at 25–40 °C, P4G3B-146-based monofilament is drawn through three godet sets for uniaxial orientation. The first draw zone is held at 100–115 °C; the second draw zone at 120–135 °C; total draw ratio is 8.0:1–11.0:1. Additive loadings are 1.0–2.5 wt% UV masterbatch containing hindered amine light stabilizer at 10 wt% active, 0.5–1.0 wt% color concentrate, and 0.1–0.3 wt% slip additive to control surface friction. Oriented strapping thickness is typically 0.45–0.75 mm; tensile strength measured by ISO 527-3:2018 is specified at 180–250 MPa, with elongation at break 15–25%. Compliance for heavy-metal content follows RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, and REACH Regulation 1907/2006 Annex XVII restricts substances above 0.1 wt%; export packaging under ISPM 15 does not require treatment for synthetic strapping. Terminal products include polyester-replacement pallet strapping, agricultural baler twine, rope, and bundling tape. The critical process failure occurs when water-bath temperature deviates more than ±5 °C from set point, producing uneven quench and random longitudinal fibrillation during drawing; a second failure mode is overdraw above 11:1, which raises tensile strength but reduces elongation at break below 10% and causes abrupt strapping rupture under dynamic shock load. Batch-to-batch variance in melt flow rate beyond ±0.3 g/10 min shifts the draw resonance threshold and requires godet speed adjustment to maintain denier uniformity.
Corrugated polypropylene board produced from P4G3B-146 is manufactured by extruding two flat liner webs and a fluted core through separate slot dies, with the corrugating roll maintained at 90–130 °C and nip pressure of 0.4–0.8 MPa. For outdoor signage and reusable packaging, additive formulations include 2.0–4.0 wt% UV-stabilized masterbatch, 1.0–2.0 wt% color concentrate, and 3.0–8.0 wt% mineral filler masterbatch to increase flexural modulus. Extrusion conditions are melt temperature 200–230 °C, die pressure 2.5–4.5 MPa, fluted core basis weight 400–600 g/m², and liner basis weight 150–250 g/m². Compliance for industrial, non-food products falls under REACH Regulation 1907/2006 Annex XVII, RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, and ISO 14001:2015 environmental process control; no FDA 21 CFR 177.1520 declaration is applicable. Terminal products include reusable transit packaging, protective sheet, signage substrates, and automotive dunnage. The process boundary is a die-pressure drop below 2.0 MPa, which induces melt surging and flute-height variation above ±0.15 mm, measurable with an ultrasonic thickness gauge on the corrugating roll. Mineral filler masterbatch batches with moisture above 500 ppm create steam pinholes that lower flat crush resistance, so predrying at 60–80 °C for 1–2 h is required when relative humidity exceeds 60%. In production, screw speed and die pressure are adjusted by a closed-loop melt pump; an inlet pressure fluctuation above 0.3 MPa destabilizes the fluting geometry and increases edge trim waste above 8%.
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Injection moulding and extrusion programmes for rigid closures, caps, thin-wall packaging, appliance housings and small load-bearing components frequently specify an unfilled polypropylene homopolymer when the part design requires elevated stiffness, surface hardness, dimensional repeatability and resistance to moisture uptake. INVISTA PP Homopolymer P4G3B-146 is a pelletised, stabilised homopolymer grade intended for this class of melt processing. The grade designation identifies a specific reactor product, additive package and pellet stabilisation level; however, no public lot-specific technical data sheet was accessible during preparation of this document. The numerical intervals used herein are therefore class-typical values for unfilled medium-flow polypropylene homopolymer and should be checked against the lot certificate for P4G3B-146 before setting production control limits, clamp force calculations or release specifications.
The product is differentiated from random copolymer and impact copolymer grades by the absence of deliberately incorporated ethylene comonomer in the polypropylene backbone. This constitutional difference is not cosmetic: it raises the maximum attainable crystalline fraction, increases flexural modulus, lifts the heat deflection temperature under load and reduces low-temperature impact ductility. Processors selecting between P4G3B-146 and an impact copolymer should first establish whether the part sees high-speed impact at or below 0 °C; if such service loading is present, an unmodified homopolymer may lie outside the acceptable performance window even at low nominal stress.
Class-typical property values for an unfilled polypropylene homopolymer of this category include a density at 23 °C of 0.900–0.910 g/cm³ under ISO 1183-1, a melting peak of 160–165 °C by differential scanning calorimetry at 10 °C/min under ISO 11357-3, and a flexural modulus in the 1200–1700 MPa band when conditioned at 23 °C and tested under ISO 178. The exact melt flow rate of P4G3B-146 must be obtained from the manufacturer lot certificate; if the grade falls in the 10–15 g/10 min range measured at 230 °C/2.16 kg under ISO 1133-1, the material may be regarded as a medium-flow injection moulding homopolymer. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, so these values are not guaranteed lot values.
Isotactic polypropylene homopolymer chains form α-form spherulites with comparatively long lamellae and a high crystalline fraction when cooled under conventional injection moulding conditions. The absence of ethylene interruptions permits dense chain folding; the crystalline phase restricts segmental mobility under load, producing a higher modulus and a well-defined yield point. Random copolymers containing ethylene in the approximate range of 1.5–3.5 wt% display reduced lamellar thickness, a melting peak typically between 140 °C and 150 °C, and a flexural modulus commonly in the 700–1100 MPa range, while offering improved optical clarity and lower seal initiation temperatures. Impact copolymers incorporate a dispersed ethylene-propylene rubber phase; this phase raises notched Charpy impact values to 15–40 kJ/m² at 23 °C, but lowers flexural modulus and heat resistance relative to homopolymer. P4G3B-146 therefore fits designs in which rigidity and dimensional stability dominate over sub-zero toughness.
The comparative matrix in Table 1 summarises the property profile that separates an unfilled homopolymer from common copolymer alternatives under standardised test conditions. The values are class-typical and are not intended as certified lot values for P4G3B-146.
| Property | Unfilled homopolymer PP class | Random copolymer PP class | Impact copolymer PP class | Test method |
| Melting peak | 160–165 °C | 140–150 °C | 160–165 °C | ISO 11357-3 |
| Density at 23 °C | 0.900–0.910 g/cm³ | 0.890–0.905 g/cm³ | 0.890–0.910 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Flexural modulus, 2 mm/min | 1200–1700 MPa | 700–1100 MPa | 900–1300 MPa | ISO 178 |
| Notched Charpy impact at 23 °C | 2.0–4.5 kJ/m² | 5.0–15.0 kJ/m² | 15.0–40.0 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Notched Charpy impact at −20 °C | 1.0–2.5 kJ/m² | 2.0–5.0 kJ/m² | 5.0–20.0 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Heat deflection temperature at 0.45 MPa | 80–105 °C | 60–80 °C | 70–95 °C | ISO 75-2 |
| Vicat softening temperature, A50 | 140–155 °C | 120–135 °C | 130–150 °C | ISO 306 |
Melt preparation on production-scale reciprocating single-screw injection machines with 40–80 mm screw diameters is typically performed using a general-purpose screw with an L/D ratio of 20:1–24:1 and a compression ratio of 2.5:1–3.5:1. A barrel temperature profile of 190–210 °C in the rear zone, 210–230 °C in the centre zone, 220–240 °C in the front zone and 230–250 °C at the nozzle maintains melt temperature near the upper region of the processing window and reduces frozen orientation in thin sections. Mould temperature is maintained between 20 °C and 50 °C depending on gloss and dimensional tolerances; higher mould temperatures increase crystallisation time and reduce shrinkage anisotropy but extend cycle time. Clamp force for multi-cavity closures and caps is calculated from projected area at 3.0–5.0 kN/cm²; thin-wall containers with flow-length-to-wall-thickness ratios above 150:1 may require the upper bound of this range.
Drying is not mandatory for unmodified polypropylene homopolymer stored at ambient relative humidity below 60%. If condensation from cold storage or external regrind moisture is observed, a desiccant dryer with a dew point no higher than −30 °C and a residence time of 2–4 h at 80 °C is sufficient for surface moisture removal. In hot-runner cap moulds, manifold and drop temperatures should remain within 210–250 °C; prolonged residence above 260 °C can consume the stabiliser package and shift melt flow rate through chain scission.
The stabiliser package in P4G3B-146 is designed to protect the polymer during melt processing and short-term high-temperature service. Polypropylene homopolymer degrades through tertiary-carbon radical chain scission when melt temperature remains above 250 °C for excessive residence time, producing an increase in melt flow rate and a measurable loss of tensile yield stress. Melt residence time should therefore be held below 5 min in conventional screw barrels and below 10 min in balance systems unless thermal stability data indicates otherwise. Nitrogen purge during hopper loading is not normally required because the pellet surface area and ambient oxidation rate are low; however, regrind stored in high-humidity environments may require drying before blending.
Accumulated regrind from sprue, runner and rejected parts can alter molecular weight distribution and lower stabiliser content. Production trials on unfilled homopolymer PP often tolerate regrind addition of 10–20 wt% before measurable MFR drift occurs, but repeated heat history can push MFR upward by more than 10–15% when the same material is recycled through hot-runner systems. For dimensional stability in tight-tolerance mouldings, the converter should establish a regrind limit based on lot-specific MFR, ash content and notched Charpy testing rather than relying on visual pellet appearance.
At a given wall thickness and gate orientation, the notched Charpy response of unfilled homopolymer PP drops rapidly below the ductile-to-brittle transition. Class-typical values of 2.0–4.5 kJ/m² at 23 °C can fall to 1.0–2.5 kJ/m² at −20 °C, whereas impact copolymer grades may retain 5.0–20.0 kJ/m² under the same test conditions. The ductile-to-brittle transition for unmodified homopolymer PP commonly lies between 0 °C and 20 °C, depending on molecular orientation, notch radius and test speed. Applications that experience high-speed puncture, camming loads or drop impacts at refrigeration or winter ambient temperatures should therefore be evaluated under instrumented impact conditions such as ISO 6603-2 or ASTM D3763 before final material selection.
Surface hardness and resistance to deformation under static load are comparatively high in homopolymer grades. When a part is required to support a fixed compressive load at 23 °C without creep, the higher crystalline fraction of P4G3B-146 provides a practical advantage over random and impact copolymers. However, the same crystallinity reduces tolerance to repeated flexural strain in living hinges or snap-fit features. Living-hinge designs in unfilled homopolymer should be evaluated for thickness uniformity and gate-induced orientation; molecular orientation parallel to the hinge line can improve flexural fatigue resistance, while transverse orientation may initiate early cracking. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, so hinge endurance must be confirmed by application-specific testing.
When food-contact compliance is required, the converter must verify that the formulated additive package in P4G3B-146 meets the applicable regulatory category. Olefin polymers may be covered by 21 CFR 177.1520 when the finished article meets the specified extraction limits and use conditions. For European Union food-contact applications, compliance is evaluated under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, including overall migration and specific migration limits applicable to the intended food simulant and contact time. These determinations are formulation-dependent and should be confirmed through supplier documentation or third-party migration studies rather than assumed from polymer type alone.
| Regulatory or quality requirement | Reference standard or regulation | Typical verification activity for P4G3B-146 |
| Olefin polymer food-contact clearance | 21 CFR 177.1520 | Supplier compliance letter or extraction data for the finished article |
| EU food-contact migration | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 | Overall migration and specific migration testing by brand owner or converter |
| SVHC screening under REACH | Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | Supplier statement and lot traceability |
| Restricted substances in electrical and electronic equipment | Directive 2011/65/EU | Supplier declaration that restricted substances are below tolerance limits |
| Lot-to-lot melt flow release | ISO 1133-1 | Certificate of analysis verification before silo acceptance |
Thin-wall containers with nominal wall thickness below 0.8 mm and high length-to-thickness ratios may exceed the practical filling capacity of a medium-flow homopolymer. Processors may then replace P4G3B-146 with a 35–50 g/10 min homopolymer to reduce injection pressure and increase cavity filling speed. The substitution reduces melt viscosity, but it also typically lowers flexural modulus by 5–15%, lowers notched impact strength by 20–40%, and increases anisotropic shrinkage because of higher shear-induced molecular orientation. Warpage can become the controlling defect, particularly in rectangular containers with moulded-in ribs. P4G3B-146 is therefore retained where wall section is not below approximately 0.8 mm, where clamp force capacity is adequate, and where the part continues to carry structural load.
Short-shot control in multi-cavity cap tools running P4G3B-146 depends on pack pressure, melt cushion and gate freeze-off timing. A melt cushion of 3–6 mm after switch-over is maintained to avoid loss of holding mass in the screw front zone. Packing pressure of 60–80% of peak injection pressure is typically used to minimise sink and control part mass variation. Gate freeze-off for unfilled homopolymer in a cold-runner cap mould occurs over a short interval; holding time should be determined by part mass stabilisation studies rather than fixed across all cavity count tools. Batch-to-batch MFR variation can alter fill time in high-speed cap lines; when the supplier releases MFR with a tolerance of ±1–2 g/10 min, the processor should record start-up fill time and adjust hold pressure accordingly.
Injection speed, gate geometry and packing pressure interact to control shrinkage in unfilled homopolymer PP. Linear mould shrinkage after 24 h at 23 °C typically ranges between 1.2% and 1.8% depending on wall thickness, mould temperature and gate size. Flow-direction shrinkage is generally lower than cross-flow shrinkage because chain orientation reduces dimensional relaxation in the flow direction. Complex parts with abrupt wall-section changes can exhibit sink marks and differential shrinkage; this is controlled by consistent packing pressure, a short hold-pressure ramp-down, and mould cooling uniformity. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, so initial shot-to-shot dimensional stability should be established on the production tool rather than extrapolated from laboratory specimens.
