| HS Code | 900584 |
| Product | Evonik VESTOSINT® 2070 natural color Polyamide 12 |
| Material | Polyamide 12 |
| Color | Natural / White |
| Density | 1.02 g/cm³ |
| Bulk Density | 0.45 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Particle Size D50 | 70 µm |
| Water Absorption | 1.5 % |
| Tensile Strength | 40 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 20 % |
| Shore Hardness D | 76 |
| Moisture Content | <0.20 % |
| Appearance | Fine free-flowing powder |
As an accredited Evonik VESTOSINT® 2070 natural color Polyamide 12 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied as a fine powder in 20 kg moisture-proof paper bags with inner polyethylene liner, palletized and shrink-wrapped for safe transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Loading 20′ FCL: palletized bags of VESTOSINT 2070 powder, securely stowed, protected from moisture, and evenly distributed. |
| Shipping | VESTOSINT® 2070 natural color Polyamide 12 is shipped as a fine powder in sealed, moisture-resistant bags, drums, or bulk containers. It should be transported in clean, dry, covered vehicles to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Keep away from ignition sources and store in a cool, ventilated area during transit. |
| Storage | Store Evonik VESTOSINT® 2070 natural color Polyamide 12 in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and excessive heat. Keep away from open flames, sparks, and strong oxidizers. Avoid dust accumulation. Maintain temperatures below 40°C where possible. Ensure proper labeling and segregation from incompatible materials. |
| Shelf Life | VESTOSINT® 2070 has a shelf life of at least 12 months when stored unopened in a dry, cool place. |
Prior to fluidised bed immersion, steel wire goods are cleaned in an alkaline degreasing bath at 60–70 °C, rinsed, and grit-blasted with white aluminium oxide to a surface profile of Ra 4–6 µm measured to ISO 4287. The VESTOSINT 2070 natural-colour PA12 powder is fluidised with dried compressed air at 0.2–0.6 bar; the powder bed is held below 0.10 % moisture by dry-air purging because absorbed humidity increases melt viscosity and produces surface pinholes during fusion. Steel wire sections are preheated in a continuous convection oven to 280–310 °C and immersed for 4–8 s, producing a fused film of 200–350 µm. Residual substrate heat is supplemented by a post-cure tunnel at 190–195 °C for 8–12 min to complete levelling and edge coverage. Dishwasher baskets, supermarket trolley inserts, and freezer shelving made from 4–6 mm mild steel wire are typical terminal parts. Acceptance testing for this segment normally specifies cross-cut adhesion class 0 to ISO 2409, direct impact resistance of 160 in-lb (18 J) without cracking to ASTM D2794, and no red rust after 1,000 h neutral salt spray to ISO 9227 at a dry film thickness of 250 µm. For dishwasher components, resistance to 2 % sodium carbonate solution at 60 °C for 24 h is often specified to prevent delamination in service. Compliance with RoHS 2011/65/EU and REACH 1907/2006 applies; food-contact use requires grade-specific confirmation against FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 and EU Regulation 10/2011 because the natural grade contains no heavy-metal pigments but still requires final article compliance assessment.
Pre-treatment for stamped or laser-welded steel seat slide rails begins with alkaline degreasing at 60 °C, followed by zinc phosphating at 45–55 °C for 3–5 min to a coating weight of 2.2–3.0 g/m². The phosphated component is preheated to 200–230 °C in a forced-air oven and then sprayed with VESTOSINT 2070 natural PA12 powder using corona charging at 60–80 kV, gun-to-part distance 150–250 mm, and powder output 80–150 g/min. Film build is restricted to 80–150 µm; heavier layers on phosphated steel tend to generate cohesive fracture along the conversion coating during mechanical loading. After spraying, parts pass through a convection oven at 185–195 °C for 8–12 min to complete fusion. Seat adjuster rails, recliner pawls, lumbar support brackets, and belt height adjuster guides are terminal components. The natural unpigmented layer avoids heavy-metal pigments and is therefore aligned with automotive recyclability thresholds under ELV 2000/53/EC. Sliding friction against acetal copolymer is measured to ASTM D1894; a dynamic coefficient below 0.30 is typical for a fully fused 120 µm film. Abrasion resistance is assessed to ASTM D4060 using CS-17 wheels at 1,000 g load. Condensable emissions for interior components are evaluated to VDA 278; powder without external waxes or flow modifiers shows lower fogging residue than many externally lubricated thermoplastic parts.
When cast-iron butterfly valve discs and pump volutes are removed from service for re-coating, the existing oxide scale is blasted to Sa 2½ equivalent surface cleanliness per ISO 8501-1, with surface profile Rz 40–75 µm. VESTOSINT 2070 natural PA12 powder is flame-sprayed using a propane/air or LPG/air torch with a neutral-to-slightly-reducing flame; air pressure 0.8–1.2 bar, stand-off distance 100–200 mm, and powder feed 30–60 g/min produce a film of 300–500 µm in multiple passes. Each pass is fused immediately by residual heat, and a post-fuse oven soak at 190 ± 5 °C for 10–15 min removes microporosity. Terminal parts include butterfly valve discs for neutral and weakly acidic aqueous service, pump volutes in water treatment plants, and marine pipe flanges. Pull-off adhesion to ISO 4624 typically exceeds 12 MPa on grit-blasted cast iron; immersion testing in deionised water at 40 °C for 30 days should produce no blistering when adhesion is measured to ISO 2409. Chemical resistance is evaluated to ISO 2812-1 against 10 % sodium chloride, 5 % acetic acid, and aliphatic hydrocarbon solutions. The natural colour does not mask rust bleed and allows visual inspection of coating continuity on process-critical surfaces. Continuous exposure above 100 °C is not recommended because PA12 softens near 176 °C; service in concentrated mineral acids or phenol is excluded. REACH 1907/2006 and RoHS 2011/65/EU documentation is supplied for the unpigmented natural grade.
Chain link pins and guide wear strips in bottling and canning plants are prepared by degreasing and grit blasting to Sa 2½ cleanliness per ISO 8501-1, followed by oven preheat to 260–300 °C. The hot steel is immersed in an air-fluidised bed of VESTOSINT 2070 natural PA12 powder for 5–10 s; bed fluidisation is maintained at superficial air velocity 0.30–0.50 m/s and the powder moisture is held below 0.10 % by a dry-air purge. Film thickness on link pins and star-wheel guide plates is fixed at 150–300 µm by preheat and dwell, not by an adjustable powder-to-metal mass ratio. Post-fusion is carried out at 190–195 °C for 8–12 min. Terminal parts include transfer chain links, bottle contact guide brackets, star-wheel side guides, and accumulation-table wear strips operating without external grease. The dry sliding surface pressure is limited to 0.35 MPa and sliding velocity against PET and glass is kept below 0.5 m/s, because higher PV values can produce localized melting of PA12. Adhesion is evaluated to ISO 2409; after 500 h damp heat exposure to IEC 60068-2-78, the coating must remain class 0–1. Abrasion testing to ASTM D4060 with CS-10 wheel at 500 g load for 1,000 cycles is used for batch control; published data for this exact coating thickness on chain-link geometry is limited, so acceptance is based on wear comparison against an uncoated 304 stainless steel control coupon under identical conditions. Compliance is limited to REACH 1907/2006 and RoHS 2011/65/EU; natural colour avoids pigment-related restrictions, but the coating itself is not a food-contact barrier.
In short-staple ring spinning frames and winding heads, steel thread guide plates, traveller rings, and yarn tension discs are coated with VESTOSINT 2070 natural PA12 to reduce fibre damage and metal-to-yarn friction. The steel or aluminium parts are degreased in an aqueous alkaline cleaner at 55–65 °C, lightly blasted with fine aluminium oxide to Ra 2–4 µm, and preheated to 190–210 °C. Thin coatings of 60–120 µm are applied with corona charging at 50–70 kV, gun distance 120–180 mm, and powder throughput 40–80 g/min. Post-fusion proceeds at 185 °C for 8–10 min. Terminal products include yarn tension discs for polyamide and polyester spinning, thread guide plates on open-end spinning units, and knitwear guide surfaces that replace ceramic parts. Spin finish compatibility is tested to ISO 2812-1 using mineral-oil and fatty-acid ester formulations at 45 °C for 500 h; blistering or softening is not acceptable. Yarn friction is evaluated by production-run trials at 300–800 m/min, but published numeric friction coefficients for this exact guide geometry are limited, so process qualification compares yarn hairiness and tension variance with the incumbent material. The natural unpigmented layer prevents colour transfer to light yarn and meets REACH 1907/2006 and RoHS 2011/65/EU requirements for textile machinery manufacturers exporting to the EU.
Repair of damaged VESTOSINT 2070 natural PA12 coatings on chemical storage racks, battery room trays, and electroplating line fixtures is carried out by local preheating of the exposed steel to 150–180 °C, followed by manual flame-spray or hot-air powder deposition until the original layer thickness of 250–400 µm is restored. The repair zone is then post-fused at 185–195 °C for 8–12 min; exceeding 200 °C for more than 20 min accelerates thermo-oxidative yellowing of the natural coating and reduces impact resistance. The repaired area is quenched with ambient air, not water, to avoid high cooling stresses and interfacial debonding. Terminal components include storage racks for alkaline and neutral chemical containers, battery trays in material-handling vehicles, and fixtures used in zinc electroplating lines. Adhesion after repair is tested to ISO 2409 and should be class 0–1; salt spray resistance is evaluated to ISO 9227 on a scribe made to ISO 17872, with no red rust beyond 2 mm after 1,000 h for a 350 µm film. The system is not intended for continuous exposure to concentrated sulphuric acid, phenol, or chlorinated solvents at elevated temperature. Amine-based adhesion promoters should not be used with this PA12 powder because they can induce premature oxidation at the steel-polymer interface during flame repair.
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Evonik VESTOSINT® 2070 natural color Polyamide 12 is an unpigmented, thermoplastic coating powder based on poly(12-aminododecanoic acid), CAS 25038-74-8. It is manufactured by Evonik Operations GmbH as a dry, free-flowing powder for deposition on heat-stable metallic substrates by fluidised-bed immersion, electrostatic spray, and hot-flocking processes. The natural designation indicates that the formulation does not contain carbon black or inorganic tinting pigments; the powder yields a translucent-to-milky fused film whose final colour is governed by the substrate and by any added masterbatch. In film form, PA12 exhibits a density of approximately 1.01 g/cm³ to 1.02 g/cm³ when measured by ISO 1183-1, a melting peak in the 175 °C to 180 °C range by ISO 11357-3, and equilibrium moisture uptake near 0.7 % at 23 °C and 50 % RH according to ISO 62. These characteristics place the material in the low-water-absorption segment of polyamide coating powders and distinguish it from PA6 and PA66 systems, which can absorb more than 2 % water under equivalent conditions. The product is specified for corrosion protection and dry lubrication on components such as spring clips, pipe brackets, dishwasher baskets, automotive fluid-handling parts, and fasteners where a PA12 layer reduces noise, abrasion, and galvanic contact effects. Because the natural grade is unpigmented, ultraviolet stabilisation and opacity are lower than in black or pigmented VESTOSINT variants; outdoor exposure of unfilled natural films may produce oxidative yellowing. The powder must be stored in sealed moisture-proof containers below 30 °C and protected from condensing humidity; agglomerates formed by moisture ingress are not reversible by simple de-dusting.
The incoming inspection protocol for VESTOSINT 2070 natural typically includes bulk density, particle-size distribution, moisture content, and thermal response by differential scanning calorimetry. Representative values are shown in Table 1; they are not a substitute for the lot-specific certificate of analysis. The D50 particle size is particularly relevant because it controls fluidised-bed aeration, electrostatic charging, and film levelling. If the D50 shifts above the upper specification limit, powder flow in a Venturi injector becomes unstable and the fused surface may exhibit orange-peel roughness. If the D50 is too low, dust formation, overspray loss, and powder recovery increase. Suppliers report D50 values by laser diffraction using ISO 13320-1; sieve residue on a 125 µm screen should remain below 0.5 % to avoid surface defects. Bulk density by ISO 60 is used to convert gravimetric additions into volumetric settings on metering devices. For this grade, bulk density is commonly observed between 0.42 g/cm³ and 0.50 g/cm³ depending on aeration and consolidation; operators should verify actual bulk density after transport because vibration in silos can densify the powder and change feed behaviour.
| Property | Method | Typical range |
|---|---|---|
| Bulk density | ISO 60 | 0.42–0.50 g/cm³ |
| Density of fused PA12 | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01–1.02 g/cm³ |
| D50 particle size | ISO 13320-1 | 50–100 µm |
| Melting peak | ISO 11357-3 | 175–180 °C |
| Moisture content as supplied | ISO 15512 | ≤0.1 % by mass |
| Water absorption at saturation | ISO 62 | 1.2–1.5 % by mass |
| Shore D hardness of fused film | ISO 868 | 70–77 |
On production-scale fluidised-bed lines equipped with immersion vessels between 60 L and 400 L, the natural powder is pre-screened through a 125 µm aperture to remove fused agglomerates before charging. Substrate preheat is the primary process variable: thin-walled steel components are typically heated to 250 °C to 300 °C, while cast-iron or heavy-section parts may require 350 °C to 400 °C. The preheat temperature must compensate for the heat sink of the part; if the surface temperature at the moment of powder contact falls below the PA12 crystallisation onset, only partial coalescence occurs. The resulting film contains unfused granules at the substrate interface, which degrade adhesion and increase moisture permeability. A fusion plateau of 170 °C to 190 °C for 10 min to 15 min after powder deposition is used to complete flow and levelling. Excessive preheat above 400 °C can cause yellowing of the unpigmented natural grade; the effect is more visible than in black grades because there is no carbon black masking oxidative chromophores. Batch-to-batch moisture variation above 0.1 % by mass is a recurrent processing bottleneck in high-humidity production areas. Moisture in the powder reduces fluidisation quality, promotes pinholing in the fused film, and can create steam blisters at the substrate interface. Pre-drying in a desiccant dryer with an air dew point below -40 °C at 80 °C for 4 h to 6 h is required when the powder has been exposed to ambient relative humidity above 60 % RH. Process audits on twin-shell tumble dryers have shown that drying time must be extended when bed depth exceeds 100 mm because the moisture diffusion path through the powder bed is slower than the surface drying of individual particles.
Corona charging guns used for electrostatic spray application are operated at 60 kV to 100 kV, with powder output between 50 g/min and 150 g/min per gun depending on part geometry. The unpigmented natural grade may have higher surface resistivity than carbon-black-filled VESTOSINT products; grounding of the substrate and gun washing with ionised air becomes more important when charge decays slowly. A controlled relative humidity of 30 % to 50 % at 20 °C to 25 °C is recommended to avoid tribo-charging instability. Overspray can be recovered and blended with virgin powder up to 30 % by mass before particle-size distribution shifts and surface-defect frequency increase. The recovered fraction contains fine particles preferentially, which can increase film roughness and reduce Faraday cage penetration. For complex recessed parts, the natural powder should be sieved through a 100 µm mesh and applied at lower gun voltage to avoid back-ionisation. The absence of carbon black in the natural grade allows easier colour tinting but requires tighter control of film thickness because opacity and hiding power are low. Thickness measurements on electrostatic-coated parts are normally made by eddy-current or magnetic induction instruments calibrated according to ISO 2178 for non-magnetic coatings on steel; for a single powder pass, the fused film thickness typically ranges from 80 µm to 250 µm depending on gun settings and part preheat.
Mechanical performance of VESTOSINT 2070 natural is evaluated on free films or coated panels after fusion at 180 °C for 15 min. In tensile testing of fused film according to ISO 527-2 type 5A specimens, PA12 coatings typically show tensile strengths in the 45 MPa to 55 MPa range and elongation at break above 200 %. The coating is therefore able to follow bending and impact deformation of ductile steel substrates without cracking. Adhesion to grit-blasted steel with a surface profile of 75 µm to 125 µm is commonly assessed by cross-cut according to ISO 2409; fused PA12 coatings on properly degreased substrates generally exhibit classification 0 or 1. Salt-spray exposure according to ISO 9227 for 1,000 h produces no underfilm corrosion at a scribe on coated steel when the film thickness is above 200 µm; this is not a universal guarantee but a process-dependent result requiring closed, pore-free films. Chemical resistance is derived from the long aliphatic segments of PA12. The fused film withstands aliphatic hydrocarbons, diesel fuel, weak acids, alkalis, and salt solutions at ambient temperature, but softens or degrades in strong mineral acids, phenols, concentrated formic acid, and chlorinated solvents. Immersion tests are conducted with visual and hardness change according to ISO 175; for critical service conditions, testing should be performed with the actual chemical mixture because co-solvents and temperature can shift resistance. Tribologically, PA12 coatings on steel provide dry sliding friction coefficients in the range 0.05 to 0.15 depending on counterface roughness and load; Taber abrasion testing by ASTM D4060 with CS-17 wheels at 1 kg load shows mass loss below 25 mg after 1,000 cycles for a fully fused film thicker than 300 µm. These values are influenced by film density, crystallinity, and the absence of fillers in the natural grade.
| Property | Method | Typical range |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength | ISO 527-2 | 45–55 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-2 | >200 % |
| Adhesion cross-cut | ISO 2409 | 0–1 |
| Taber abrasion mass loss | ASTM D4060, CS-17, 1 kg, 1,000 cycles | <25 mg |
| Dry sliding friction coefficient | Against hardened steel counterface | 0.05–0.15 |
| Salt-spray resistance | ISO 9227, 1,000 h, >200 µm | No underfilm corrosion at scribe |
Because the natural grade contains no carbon black, the selection of VESTOSINT 2070 natural is justified when the final film must be tinted in-house, when a translucent build is acceptable for visual inspection, or when carbon black is undesirable in cleanroom or low-extractables adjacent applications. The trade-off is lower ultraviolet opacity and less masking of oxidative discoloration than black VESTOSINT products. Compared with PA6 and PA66 coating powders, the PA12 base of VESTOSINT 2070 natural provides lower saturated water uptake by ISO 62 and better dimensional stability in humid service. Compared with PA11, the density and melting peak are close, but PA12 typically has slightly lower water absorption and different solvent resistance. Published quantitative comparisons between VESTOSINT 2070 natural and other VESTOSINT grades are limited in public literature; the manufacturer’s grade-comparison chart and lot-specific certificate of analysis should govern the final selection. Viscosity number by ISO 307 is used to verify that the melt strength of the natural powder is appropriate for vertical dip coating; high melt strength holds thick films without sagging, while excessively high melt viscosity can retard levelling and produce closed pores. Carbon-black-filled VESTOSINT grades may offer lower surface resistivity and improved electrostatic application on non-planar parts; the natural powder must be evaluated for charge retention on the specific coating line. Lot-to-lot colour variation of the natural powder is controlled by the thermal history of the PA12 base resin, not by titanium dioxide opacity; incoming colour checks should use the same fusion temperature and film thickness as production.
If the powder is transferred by pneumatic conveying, the dust cloud must be evaluated under the relevant dust-explosion protective measures because organic powders can form combustible mixtures. Transfer equipment should be electrically bonded and grounded, and flexible hoses should be conductive. The natural grade is supplied with a safety data sheet that contains dust explosion classification and exposure limits; local extraction should be designed for powder coating operations. Under REACH, the PA12 polymer is registered; the absence of cadmium- and lead-based pigments in the natural grade simplifies verification under Directive 2011/65/EU, Annex II, but metallic substrates or primers may carry their own restricted substances. A cleaning protocol using dry vacuum with HEPA filtration or wet wiping is preferred over compressed-air blowdown to avoid generating a dust cloud. Waste powder and recovered overspray should be disposed of according to local industrial waste regulations; contaminated powder that has been wetted or mixed with incompatible solvents must not be returned to the process. Operators handling hot parts during fluidised-bed coating must be protected from radiant heat and molten polymer contact; contact burns from heated powder or fused film are a primary occupational boundary. If the natural powder is dry-blended with pigment at the point of use, the blend should be re-screened and tested for bulk density and particle-size distribution before release to production because pigment agglomerates can shift the D50 and increase surface roughness. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; a production trial on the actual line remains the only reliable method for setting gun voltage, preheat temperature, immersion time, and film thickness around the stated ranges.
