| HS Code | 140233 |
| Density | 1.55 g/cm³ |
| Glass Fiber Content | 50% |
| Tensile Modulus | 15500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 185 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 2.5% |
| Flexural Modulus | 14000 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched | 14 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 165 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h 23 C | 0.3% |
As an accredited Evonik VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK Nylon 12, 50% Glass Fiber Reinforced factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied as granules in 25 kg moisture-proof polyethylene-lined paper bags, with net weight 25 kg per bag. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading of Evonik VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK Nylon 12: palletized pellet bags, secured, approx. 20–22 metric tons per container. |
| Shipping | VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK ships as dry, palletized pellets in moisture-resistant sealed bags. Keep covered, protected from humidity, and store away from direct sunlight and heat. Not classified as dangerous goods under normal transport conditions. Handle with standard industrial hygiene, avoiding dust inhalation and static accumulation during handling. |
| Storage | Store VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK in its original, unopened container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture. Keep the container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect processing and properties. Avoid exposure to excessive humidity and store at temperatures below 30°C for optimal performance. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed container in a dry, cool place. Shelf life is typically two years from date of manufacture. |
On solvent transfer skids where centrifugal pumps run against balanced mechanical seals, the sealing gland carrier is often machined from 316L stainless steel. Replacement with Evonik VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK Nylon 12, 50% glass fiber reinforced, changes the failure mode because the 50 wt% short-glass reinforcement suppresses creep under bolt clamp load while the nylon 12 matrix limits dimensional change in high-humidity or hydrocarbon-wetted service. The part is injection moulded from pellets dried to a residual moisture content below 0.10 wt% in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4 h to 8 h. Melt temperature is controlled at 250 °C to 270 °C and the tool is held at 60 °C to 80 °C. Cavity venting depth of 0.015 mm to 0.025 mm is required at the end of flow to prevent gas burn marks from entrapped air or volatile species. Post-industrial regrind from hot-runner drops is limited to 20 wt% because higher recycled content measurably lowers Charpy notched impact in the weld zone. The gland carriers must retain bolt preload after 500 h of thermal ageing at 85 °C in immersion fluid conforming to ISO 1817 using ASTM Reference Fuel C. Tensile property retention is checked under ISO 527-2, notched impact under ISO 179-1/1eA, and moisture uptake under ISO 62. Terminal components are split-ring seal gland carriers and shaft sleeves that maintain 0.05 mm flatness after moulding.
When a close-coupled end-suction pump volute is moulded from this compound, wall thickness is held to 6 mm to 10 mm to balance hydraulic stiffness against sink mark formation. The material is not suitable for continuous exposure to strong oxidising acids or phenols; published chemical resistance data for VESTAMID L grades place aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon absorption below 1.0 wt% at 23 °C after equilibrium. Pre-drying is identical to that used for seal gland carriers, but the mould-filling phase is run with a profiled injection velocity: an initial 40 mm/s to 60 mm/s screw speed through the gate, followed by a reduction to 15 mm/s to 25 mm/s at 70% fill to orient glass fibers tangentially around the volute tongue. Packing pressure is held at 60 MPa to 80 MPa hydraulic specific pressure for 8 s to 12 s; insufficient pack time produces microvoids at the glass-matrix interface that become preferential permeation paths in sustained solvent contact. Post-moulding, the volute is annealed at 90 °C for 4 h under dry nitrogen to stabilise crystallinity and reduce residual hoop stress. Compliance is checked against ISO 5199 for pump hydraulic performance, ISO 175 for chemical immersion effect on tensile retention, and ISO 62 for equilibrium moisture uptake. The as-supplied compound is used without virgin dilution; any masterbatch addition above 2 wt% is prohibited in wetted sections because it creates a low-molecular-weight boundary that can be attacked by ketone-containing solvents. The terminal product is a one-piece volute casing in a side-channel or gear pump used for transferring mineral spirits, kerosene, and diesel fractions, where metal impellers are retained and the casing must hold 0.03 mm runout at the wear face.
In high-voltage automotive connector housings, the limiting parameter is not heat deflection but the difference between longitudinal and transverse mould shrinkage caused by glass fiber orientation. After conditioning at 23 °C and 50% RH, parallel-to-flow shrinkage is typically 0.2% to 0.4% while cross-flow shrinkage is 0.6% to 0.9%, depending on gate location and cavity thickness. This anisotropic movement forces pin position tolerances harder than thermal expansion alone. Tool design uses a two-plate mold with valve-gated hot runner drops between each pair of pin cavities; the barrel is run with a flat temperature profile at 260 °C to 280 °C and screw back pressure at 3 MPa to 5 MPa. Glass fiber content is 50 wt%; no virgin dilution is permitted in this application because lowering the glass content below 45 wt% shifts the tensile modulus below the required 10,000 MPa and increases creep under screw terminal clamp load. The housing is tested for comparative tracking index under IEC 60112, glow-wire ignitability under IEC 60695-2-13, and dielectric strength under IEC 60243-1. Long-term heat ageing requires tensile strength retention after 1,000 h at 125 °C per UL 746A; published data for this specific black glass-filled grade under UL protocol is limited, so end-part qualification requires a full yellow card submission if the connector is to be listed. Terminal product is a 40 A to 80 A high-voltage connector housing, where creep at 85 °C and internal busbar insertion forces must not cause terminal backout.
| Preparation state | Shrinkage reference | Flow direction | Cross-flow direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| As-moulded, dry | ISO 294-4 | 0.10% to 0.20% | 0.40% to 0.60% |
| Conditioned 168 h at 23 °C / 50% RH | ISO 294-4 | 0.20% to 0.30% | 0.60% to 0.80% |
| Water saturated at 23 °C | ISO 62 | 0.25% to 0.35% | 0.70% to 0.90% |
A direct conversion from A380 die-cast aluminium to this compound without rib redesign is not permitted because the dried tensile modulus of 12,000 MPa to 14,000 MPa under ISO 527-2 remains roughly one-fifth that of aluminium. The application becomes viable only when the bracket is restructured as a ribbed injection moulding with 3 mm to 4 mm nominal wall and 8 mm to 10 mm rib spacing; this recovers bending stiffness while holding mass below 55% of the equivalent metal part. The material is processed in a screw injection machine with a 25:1 L/D screw and reverse-tapered check ring to avoid glass-fiber accumulation. Melt temperature is held at 270 °C to 290 °C; tool temperature at 80 °C to 100 °C reduces stress-crack formation at the insert-moulded metal bushings. Inserts are preheated to 120 °C to 140 °C before placement to slow the skin formation and allow the glass-filled melt to pack around the knurls. Regrind is capped at 25 wt% and sourced only from the same black grade to avoid delamination at the recycled-virgin pellet boundary. Vibration testing is performed to ISO 16750-3 profiles, with fastener torque retention checked after 100 thermal cycles from -30 °C to +110 °C; bushing pull-out acceptance is set by the OEM drawing and verified on pilot lots. Environmental compliance includes ELV 2000/53/EC for heavy metals and REACH candidate list screening for the black colour package. Terminal components are engine-bay mounting brackets, power-steering reservoir brackets, and throttle body supports.
Because the nylon 12 matrix has a lower dissolved methane permeability than polyamide 6 or polyamide 66 at equivalent wall thickness, high-pressure gas regulator bodies can be produced from the same 50 wt% glass compound used in liquid-contact parts. This is not an unrestricted substitution; the maximum continuous gas pressure for an unreinforced wall of 4 mm is set by the OEM's burst test, and the glass-filled grade is used only after finite element verification of stress concentration at the gauge port threads. The moulded blank is dried to below 0.10 wt% moisture before machining or insert installation. Processing uses a two-stage injection profile with mould temperature at 60 °C to 80 °C, then the body is annealed for 6 h at 100 °C in nitrogen to minimise residual stress before pressure cycling. Wall sections are kept between 4 mm and 8 mm; thicker sections create isolated glass-rich layers that reduce low-temperature burst strength. No post-industrial regrind is allowed in pressure-retaining walls. Regulator bodies are tested under ISO 15500-2 for compressed natural gas fuel system components, with leakage measured at 1.5 times rated working pressure and no visible deformation after 10,000 cycles between 0.1 MPa and 20 MPa. Terminal products are pressure regulator housings, gas filter bowls, and solenoid valve blocks for CNG conversion kits. Published data for the specific grade under high-pressure methane exposure is limited, so each housing lot is subjected to batch burst testing; records are retained under ISO 9001:2015 clause 8.5.2 traceability requirements.
Large flat covers with central cut-outs cannot be filled through a single gate without exceeding the machine's pressure capability, so a multi-gate strategy is standard. The weld lines formed by converging glass fronts are the controlling mechanical feature; Charpy notched impact at a weld line can fall to 40% to 60% of the unwelded value. To limit this loss, the gate schedule is sequenced so that the last fill point occurs in a region carrying bending rather than impact load. Melt temperature is raised to 280 °C to 300 °C and the mould surface is held at 90 °C to 110 °C; both increase contact time before freezing of the flow fronts. The screw uses a low-compression check-ring geometry to reduce glass breakage; holding pressures are kept below 80 MPa to avoid jetting. Regrind content is limited to 15 wt% because already-fractured glass fibers depress weld-line elongation further. Test plaques are shot with a double-end gated film gate and compared to single-gated specimens under ISO 527-2 and ISO 179-1/1eA; acceptance is set at a minimum weld-line impact of 6 kJ/m² at -20 °C. Compliance with ISO 294-3 shrinkage plate methodology is used for mould verification. Terminal product is a large gearbox inspection cover where the weld line is placed over a supporting rib, not an unsupported span.
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VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK is a black-pigmented, 50 wt% glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 12 (PA12-GF50) compound supplied by Evonik Industries. The material is identified within the VESTAMID L family as a high-modulus, low-moisture-absorption engineering thermoplastic for injection moulding. Under ISO 1043-1, the abbreviated designation PA12-GF50 denotes the polyamide 12 matrix and the nominal 50% by mass glass-fiber reinforcement. The base semicrystalline polymer exhibits a melting endotherm peak near 175–178 °C when tested to ISO 11357-3. The glass reinforcement raises tensile modulus from roughly 1,400 MPa for unfilled PA12 to approximately 12,000 MPa in dry-as-moulded specimens; elongation at break is reduced to a single-digit percentage. The product is supplied as black granules, and the BK suffix identifies the black color. Compared with standard PA6 and PA66 compounds at equivalent glass loading, the PA12 matrix shows lower saturated water uptake, which reduces the swing in modulus and dimension between dry and conditioned states. The compound is intended for injection-moulded structural parts that require stiffness and chemical resistance rather than for films, tubes, or rotomoulded semi-finished stock.
In dry-as-moulded specimens, the tensile modulus of a 50 wt% glass-fiber-reinforced PA12 is generally 8–9 times higher than that of unfilled PA12, while tensile strength at break rises by a factor of approximately 2.5–3. Elongation at break falls below 5%, limiting the grade to applications that tolerate low ultimate strain. Charpy notched impact remains in the range of 14–18 kJ/m² for dry specimens because the PA12 matrix provides more ductility than a corresponding PPS GF50 compound; however, the compound is not high-impact. The glass-fiber network produces anisotropic shrinkage: flow-direction shrinkage can be below 0.2%, while transverse shrinkage may exceed 0.5% in thick sections. The following representative values apply to a 50% glass-fiber PA12; lot-specific values for VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK should be taken from the supplier certificate of analysis.
| Property | Test standard | Dry-as-moulded | Conditioned 23 °C/50% RH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.45 g/cm³ | — |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 12,000 MPa | 8,000 MPa |
| Tensile strength at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 135 MPa | 105 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 2.5% | 4.0% |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 11,000 MPa | 7,500 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact | ISO 179-1/1eA | 14 kJ/m² | 16 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 175 °C | 160 °C |
Before melt processing, the granulate requires forced hot-air or desiccant drying to residual moisture below 0.1% by mass, typically at 80 °C for 4–8 h, to prevent hydrolytic molecular-weight reduction. Injection-moulding is performed on a general-purpose three-zone screw with L/D between 18:1 and 25:1 and compression ratio 2.2:1–2.8:1; melt-temperature profiles from feed throat to nozzle are commonly set between 230 °C and 280 °C, with 250 °C as a stable starting set point. Residence time above 10 min at high melt temperature can produce yellowing and impact loss. Mould temperature is held at 80–100 °C to develop sufficient crystallinity and surface consolidation. Because the formulation contains 50% glass fiber, the barrel, screw, check ring, and nozzle should use bimetallic or powder-metallurgical wear-resistant steel; nitrided screws can show measurable wear after several thousand shots. Injection speed should be moderate to high, and holding pressure should be applied until gate freeze to reduce sink marks. Hot-runner systems require externally heated manifolds with large-diameter flow channels and minimum dead spots to limit fiber breakage; sharp corners and restrictive valve gates can reduce fiber length and lower weld-line strength. At the compounding stage, glass roving is typically fed downstream into a melt-mixed PA12 stream in a twin-screw extruder with L/D ratio 32:1–48:1 to limit fiber attrition. Melt temperature during compounding is held below 280 °C, and the final pelletized compound is dried to 0.05% moisture before packaging. These upstream operations affect final fiber length distribution and molded properties; downstream injection moulders should monitor ash content rather than assuming constant fiber loading across silo or bag lots. Published data for this specific configuration is limited below wall thicknesses of 0.8 mm; spiral-flow trials with the production mould are necessary to establish thin-wall filling capability.
Published comparisons of saturated water uptake for 50 wt% glass-fiber-reinforced PA12 indicate approximately 0.6–0.9% at 23 °C immersion to equilibrium, while PA66 GF50 absorbs around 3.5–4.5% and PA6 GF50 can exceed 5%. The consequence is that PA12-GF50 retains roughly 70% of its dry tensile modulus at equilibrium in 23 °C/50% RH, whereas PA66 GF50 may retain only 55–60%. Linear thermal expansion in flow direction is typically 2.5–3.5 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹, with transverse values from 5 × 10⁻⁵ to 7 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹; humidity-induced swelling is roughly one-third of that observed in PA66-GF50 under the same conditioning. This dimensional behavior is relevant for precision housings that must mate with metal inserts. Chemical resistance follows PA12 characteristics, with resistance to oils, greases, aliphatic hydrocarbons, hydraulic fluids, and many alkalis; chemical compatibility should be confirmed by ASTM D543 immersion testing for the specific fluid and temperature. Concentrated inorganic acids, strong polar solvents, and hot aqueous media above 80 °C can attack the matrix or hydrolyze the glass-matrix interface. Relative to PPS GF50, the PA12-GF50 grade offers lower continuous-use temperature but higher Charpy notched impact and less tendency toward brittle fracture at subzero temperatures down to −40 °C; the glass transition of PA12 is typically near −40 to −50 °C by ISO 6721-1 DMA. Relative to PPA GF50, the PA12 matrix shows lower dry-as-moulded heat-deflection temperature but better retention of impact after moisture conditioning and lower processing melt temperatures, which can reduce energy input and warpage in tools with steel inserts. The grade is not recommended for sustained hot-water contact above 80 °C without long-term hydrolysis testing under ASTM D570 or equivalent pressure-vessel immersion.
In centrifugal pump housings and pump impellers, the compound is evaluated where hydrocarbon or mild aqueous fluids are present and where cavitation-induced surface erosion is a concern. Injection-moulded impellers of 150 mm diameter have been processed on machines with clamping force from 800 kN to 5,000 kN; pump-performance testing may follow ISO 9905 or ISO 5199, but published data for this specific grade and geometry is limited. The main advantage over PA66 GF50 in underhood fluid-management components is the lower swelling in brake-fluid reservoirs and valve bodies: equilibrium swelling is approximately one-third of PA66 GF50 at similar glass loading, which reduces tolerance drift after humidity cycling. In rigid fuel-system flanges and connectors, the PA12 base offers low fuel permeation and resistance to sour fuels, although permeation values depend on wall thickness and fluorination or barrier layers. The continuous-use temperature in air is typically 90–100 °C, with short-term peaks to 170 °C; oxidative stabilizers provide this thermal envelope, and long-term exposure above 120 °C in aggressive media requires oven-aging validation. The product is not suitable for continuous hot-water contact above 80 °C and is not inherently flame-retardant; flammability assessments should follow IEC 60695-11-10 at the assembly level. Electrical volume resistivity is typically above 1 × 10¹² Ω·cm per IEC 62631-3-1, but black pigment and glass-fiber interfaces can reduce dielectric strength compared with unfilled PA12.
Supplier documentation for VESTAMID® LC-GF50 BK should be requested for REACH registration status, RoHS 2011/65/EU compliance, and FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 where food-contact conditions are relevant. PA12-based compounds may comply with EU 10/2011 migration limits only under specified test conditions and end-use restrictions; the grade is not suited for direct food-contact approval without a specific migration study. Incoming inspection should include melt volume-flow rate according to ISO 1133-1:2022, ash content according to ISO 3451-1, and tensile modulus according to ISO 527-1/-2. Batch-to-batch variation in glass-fiber length distribution, sizing chemistry, and moisture content can influence mechanical properties; production-scale trials have shown that higher residual moisture after drying produces surface splay in thin ribs and reduces weld-line strength by 10–20%. If regrind is reused, the maximum recommended level is 20% by mass; granulation-induced fiber-length reduction can lower tensile strength by 5–8% at this regrind fraction. Melt viscosity is high because of the 50% glass-fiber content; melt volume-flow rate at 275 °C under 5 kg load may be below 20 cm³/10 min, so thin-wall filling below 1.0 mm may require melt temperatures near 270–280 °C and elevated injection velocity.
| Requirement | Standard or code | Application condition |
|---|---|---|
| REACH registration | EC 1907/2006 | Supplier declaration for SVHC below 0.1% |
| RoHS | 2011/65/EU | Homogeneous material testing for Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr(VI), PBB, PBDE |
| Food-contact | FDA 21 CFR 177.1500, EU 10/2011 | Migration testing per specified simulant; grade-specific approval required |
| Flammability | IEC 60695-11-10 | Assembly-level evaluation; no inherent UL 94 V-0 claim |
| Mechanical QC | ISO 527-1/-2, ISO 179-1/1eA | Dry-as-moulded bar specimens |
| Glass-fiber content | ISO 3451-1 | Ash content near 50% by mass |
