| HS Code | 245569 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Melt Volume Rate | 40 cm³/10 min (275°C, 5 kg) |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Tensile Modulus | 1600 MPa (dry) |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 50 MPa (dry) |
| Elongation At Break | >200% (dry) |
| Charpy Impact Strength 23c | no break |
| Shore D Hardness | 72 |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.2% |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8mpa | 55 °C |
| Vicat B Softening Temperature | 140 °C |
| Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion | 1.6e-4 /°C |
As an accredited Evonik Vestamid L1940 Nylon 12 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Evonik Vestamid L1940 Nylon 12 is supplied in 25 kg moisture-proof bags, sealed for safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of Evonik Vestamid L1940 Nylon 12, securely packed in sealed bags, ensuring safe, efficient transport. |
| Shipping | Evonik Vestamid L1940 Nylon 12 ships as non-hazardous polymer granules/pellets in sealed moisture-proof bags or drums, palletized and protected from damage. Keep dry, avoid excessive heat and direct sunlight during transit. Use standard covered transport with proper labeling and documentation. Handle gently to prevent bag rupture and contamination. |
| Storage | Store Evonik Vestamid L1940 Nylon 12 in its original, unopened packaging in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, as humidity degrades the material. Avoid exposure to UV light and excessive temperatures. Under proper conditions, shelf life typically extends to two years or longer. |
| Shelf Life | Store dry, cool, and sealed in original packaging. Shelf life is typically two years from delivery date. |
In truck compressed-air brake systems, the tubing layer in contact with zinc chloride road spray and mineral oil mist from compressor blow-by requires a polyamide that retains burst strength after moisture saturation. Published density for Vestamid L1940 is 1.01 g/cm³ per ISO 1183-1, and the melt volume-flow rate at 235 °C/5 kg is 8 cm³/10 min per ISO 1133-1. The dry-as-molded tensile modulus is approximately 1,500 MPa per ISO 527-1/2. Vestamid L1940 is processed as a monolayer tube or as the outer layer of a multi-layer tube on a single-screw extruder with an L/D ratio of 30:1 to 40:1, using a barrier screw with a compression ratio between 2.5:1 and 3.0:1. The resin must be pre-dried in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4 h to 6 h until residual moisture is below 0.1 wt%; storage at relative humidity above 60 % extends drying time. Melt temperature measured at the adapter is held between 210 °C and 240 °C, and residence time above 250 °C should not exceed 5 min because chain scission reduces burst pressure retention. Vacuum sizing with water temperature of 40 °C to 60 °C stabilizes outer diameter; moisture equilibrium at 23 °C and 50 % RH is 0.7 wt% according to ISO 62, and OD growth after conditioning must be compensated in calibration tooling. Cold impact resistance at -40 °C is required by SAE J844; the PA12 chain structure avoids the brittle fracture mode typical of shorter-chain polyamides. Zinc chloride stress cracking at barbed fittings is reduced by preheating the tube end to 60 °C before insertion. The grade does not contain carbon black, so if dissipative properties are required, an inner conductive PA12 layer is coextruded. Burst pressure retention after thermal aging at 100 °C for 72 h should be verified on production samples because lot-to-lot viscosity shifts alter die swell and wall thickness.
Methanol transport in steel-tube umbilicals exposes the outer thermoplastic sheath to continuous contact with hydrate inhibitor at elevated hydrostatic pressure. Vestamid L1940 is used as an extruded protective jacket where low-temperature flexibility and hydrolysis resistance are required, but the grade must be qualified for methanol compatibility under ISO 13628-5 and API 17E because methanol plasticizes nylon 12 and reduces tensile modulus. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; therefore qualification programs typically include immersion in 85 vol% methanol/water at 60 °C for 28 days, followed by tensile testing per ISO 527-1/2. The outer jacket is processed on a 90 mm single-screw extruder with a grooved-barrel feed zone and a spiral mandrel die; melt pressure before the die is kept below 350 bar to avoid wall-thickness eccentricity. Barrel temperatures from feed to metering are set at 190 °C to 230 °C, and the die head is held at 220 °C. The natural grade does not contain carbon black, so outdoor UV exposure requires a carbon black masterbatch at 2 wt% to 3 wt% or a coextruded black skin; without this stabilization, surface embrittlement occurs within 12 months in direct sunlight. Hydrolysis testing per ISO 62 after saturation at 23 °C in water shows that PA12 retains a higher fraction of dry tensile strength than PA6, but continuous service above 60 °C in wet environments should be derated because oxidative degradation accelerates. Installation bending radii should follow the cable manufacturer’s minimum dynamic bend radius; for PA12 sheaths this is often 15× outer diameter.
During multi-lumen catheter shaft extrusion, the torque response of Vestamid L1940 at low screw speeds governs concentricity and wall-thickness distribution in free-draw vacuum calibration. The resin is dried to 0.08 wt% residual moisture before extrusion on a 25 mm to 30 mm single-screw extruder with an L/D ratio of 24:1; melt temperature is held between 200 °C and 230 °C. The draw ratio between die and vacuum tank is set between 1.1:1 and 1.4:1 for single-lumen shafts and adjusted for multi-lumen sections to avoid lumen collapse. Braid-reinforced catheter shafts require jacket reflow over a braid at 0.15 MPa to 0.25 MPa internal air pressure; exceeding this range creates either voids or localized wall thinning. Biocompatibility for selected lots is evaluated under ISO 10993-1, with cytotoxicity per ISO 10993-5 and irritation per ISO 10993-10. Not all commercial lots carry USP <88> Class VI certificates; if the manufacturer’s lot-specific compliance statement is absent, the grade cannot be used for implantable or long-term body-contact devices. Residual monomer and oligomer content should be monitored after processing because thermal degradation generates low-molecular-weight species that migrate into contact media. Steam sterilization at 121 °C for 30 min may increase moisture uptake and dimensional change; EtO sterilization requires aeration time to reduce residual gas below the device-specific limit.
A loose tube design using Vestamid L1940 substitutes a semicrystalline polyamide for fluoropolymer when the cable must withstand tight bend radius and repeated thermal cycles from -40 °C to 70 °C. The tube is extruded at a wall thickness of 0.35 mm to 0.50 mm over a filling compound; the melt temperature is kept at 220 °C to 240 °C and the vacuum tank quench temperature at 20 °C to 35 °C to minimize post-extrusion shrinkage. Residual moisture must be below 0.08 wt% before extrusion; otherwise hydrolytic chain scission creates interfacial voids between the tube and the thixotropic filling gel. The PA12 grade has low post-extrusion shrinkage relative to polybutylene terephthalate, but conditioned moisture uptake at 50 % RH increases tube OD by 0.1 % to 0.2 %; this shift is accounted for during fiber excess length calculations. Cold bend performance is verified under IEC 60794-1-21, with no crack or kink at -40 °C after 4 h conditioning. Filling compound compatibility must be tested at 60 °C for 30 days; some mineral-oil-based gels swell nylon 12 and reduce crush resistance. System-level rodent resistance depends on tube hardness and wall thickness; cable OEM protocols specific to fiber protection should be used for acceptance because no universal ISO method applies. The natural grade requires color masterbatch addition for fiber identification; the masterbatch carrier must be PA12-compatible to avoid laminar flow separation.
Industrial pneumatic lines used in automated assembly cells require stable outer diameter after exposure to plant air humidity from 20 % RH to 80 % RH. Vestamid L1940 is extruded into 4 mm to 16 mm OD tubes with wall thicknesses from 0.75 mm to 1.5 mm; calibration tooling is cut to compensate for moisture-induced dimensional growth after equilibrium. The equilibrium moisture content at 23 °C and 80 % RH is approximately 1.0 wt% per ISO 62, and the corresponding OD increase is determined by lot-specific expansion data rather than assumed from PA6 values. Push-in fitting retention is validated according to ISO 14743, with leak-free performance after 1,000,000 cycles in a dry air circuit at 0.8 MPa. The tube should be cut with a rotary cutter, not a guillotine, because notched edges from compression cutting initiate tears under cyclic pressure spikes. Working pressure at 23 °C is derated by the fitting manufacturer’s temperature factor above 40 °C; at 80 °C the derating factor is typically 0.5. The natural grade is suitable for indoor circuits; outdoor exposure requires UV-stabilized black tubing or conduit protection. If the circuit carries oil mist from lubricated compressors, compatibility with mineral oil must be verified by immersion testing at 60 °C for 500 h followed by tensile retention per ISO 527-1/2.
Evaporative emission standards require multi-layer fuel system components with hydrocarbon permeation below 15 g/m²·day depending on vehicle class and OEM specification. Vestamid L1940 is employed as a capstock over an EVOH barrier layer; the PA12 layer provides zinc chloride and impact protection, while the EVOH layer limits fuel permeation. The capstock is coextruded on a multi-layer die with PA12 melt temperature at 230 °C to 245 °C and EVOH melt temperature at 210 °C to 220 °C; a melt temperature difference greater than 20 °C creates EVOH gel particles at the interface. Interlayer adhesion is promoted with a maleic anhydride-grafted tie resin at a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.10 mm. Fuel immersion tests use Fuel C at 60 °C for 500 h; tensile strength retention above 80 % of the unexposed value is a common OEM acceptance limit, but published data for this specific multilayer configuration is limited and must be confirmed on production-line samples. Zinc chloride resistance is tested under DIN 73378 or an equivalent OEM method at 23 °C for 200 h with no visible crack at 10× magnification. Because the natural grade lacks conductivity, fuel-carrying inner layers are made from a conductive PA12 or fluoropolymer to dissipate static charge. The line must not be run above 250 °C melt temperature because crosslinked gel formation creates interfacial defects. After extrusion, the tube is vacuum-sized at 25 °C to 40 °C; higher quench temperatures reduce thermal stress but increase crystallinity-driven shrinkage. Cold impact at -40 °C is required to pass the vehicle OEM stone-chip and cold-crash simulation.
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Supplied as a natural-coloured, plasticizer-free polyamide 12 homopolymer, Evonik Vestamid L1940 is specified for melt extrusion and injection moulding where low moisture absorption, stable sub-zero impact behaviour, and intermediate flowability are required. The grade is typically delivered as cylindrical granules and is characterised by a density of 1.01 g/cm³ under ISO 1183-1, a melting temperature of 176 °C under ISO 11357-3, and a dry-state tensile modulus near 1600 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2. Because the PA12 backbone contains fewer amide groups per unit chain length than PA6 or PA66, equilibrium water uptake in 23 °C water remains below 1.5 % when tested to ISO 62. This physical property profile separates L1940 from short-chain aliphatic polyamides in humid, variable-temperature service environments such as pneumatic tubing, cable sheathing, and underhood clips.
Published typical values from Evonik technical literature for L1940 fall within the ranges shown below. Lot-specific certificates of analysis should be used for final tooling calculations because additive batch variation and moisture condition affect mechanical properties.
| Property | Typical published value | Test method and condition |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Tensile modulus, dry | 1600 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2, Type 1A, 50 mm/min |
| Charpy notched impact strength | 6 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA, 23 °C |
| Melting temperature | 176 °C | ISO 11357-3 |
| Water absorption at saturation | 1.5 % | ISO 62, 23 °C |
Pre-drying is mandatory. Granulate should be dried in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4 h to 6 h to reach residual moisture below 0.10 %. Surface moisture above 0.15 % can produce splay, voids, and internal bubbling in thick extrudates. Drying hoppers should be sized for a residence time not exceeding 8 h at temperature because extended exposure accelerates thermo-oxidative yellowing. If ambient storage has exceeded 60 % RH, drying time should be extended and the resin should be re-qualified by moisture analysis before melt processing.
In single-screw extrusion, barrel temperature profiles from 210 °C at the feed throat to 240 °C at the metering zone are used with screws of L/D 25 to 30 and compression ratios of 2.5:1 to 3.0:1. Melt temperatures above 280 °C increase the rate of chain scission, discolouration, and formation of low-molecular-weight volatile species. If line stoppage exceeds 10 min, the screw should be retracted or the barrel pressure released. Single-vented screws are recommended for regrind processing; vacuum degassing at -0.08 MPa gauge pressure reduces trapped volatiles. If vent-flow occurs, screw speed should be reduced by 10 % to 15 % and rear barrel temperature increased by 5 °C to 10 °C. Published thermal degradation data for L1940 under oxygen-containing atmospheres at the upper boundary are limited; process validation should include continuous melt-pressure logging and die-entry melt-temperature measurement.
Melt volume-flow rate under ISO 1133-1 at 235 °C with 5 kg load is generally reported between 10 cm³/10 min and 20 cm³/10 min for this viscosity class. The shear viscosity is non-Newtonian, and capillary rheometry according to ISO 11443 at processing temperatures is recommended for die design. At 220 °C, apparent shear viscosity may decline by a factor of 2 to 3 when shear rate increases from 10² s⁻¹ to 10³ s⁻¹, depending on moisture and additive package. This shear-thinning behaviour permits thin-wall filling but can lead to melt fracture above 10⁴ s⁻¹ if die entry angles are abrupt.
In pneumatic tubing and cable-sheathing extrusion lines, L1940 is processed with die temperatures of 220 °C to 240 °C and cooling water at 20 °C to 40 °C. Tubing wall thickness down to 0.3 mm is feasible on vacuum-calibration tanks with slot width set to the product outer diameter after shrinkage. The low equilibrium moisture uptake relative to PA6 reduces ovality in humid air; dimensional verification uses laser scanning heads with ±0.01 mm resolution or calibrated ring gauges. For cable sheathing, line speeds require that the melt draw-down ratio stay below 3:1 to avoid orientation-induced longitudinal split. Because L1940 is plasticizer-free, surface tack and volatile condensate on downstream rollers are reduced, but low-temperature flexibility is retained through the polyamide 12 base chemistry rather than monomeric plasticizers.
On grooved-feed single-screw extruders, feed instability occurs when granulate pre-heat temperature exceeds 90 °C at the hopper throat, causing bridge formation and screw starvation. This is a production-scale failure mode observed on lines with closed-loop regrind return. The recommended regrind proportion is below 30 % by weight, and regrind particle size should be 2 mm to 4 mm to avoid screw slippage. Higher regrind levels reduce melt strength and may require a 5 °C to 10 °C reduction in barrel temperature. Avoid compounding with amine-based chain-extension or nucleating additive packages unless specifically qualified, because such additives can shift molecular weight distribution and alter melt-pressure and die-swell behaviour unpredictably.
Under ISO 62 immersion at 23 °C, PA6 reaches saturation at 9 % to 10 %, while PA12 remains below 1.5 %. This difference alters dimensional swell and mechanical property retention. In PA6, absorbed water can reduce glass transition temperature and cause tensile modulus decreases of 40 % to 50 % from dry values. For PA12, water-induced modulus reduction is more limited, and typical property change after conditioning at 50 % RH is within 10 % of dry-state tensile modulus. Dimensional length change of L1940 after equilibration at 50 % RH and 23 °C is below 0.1 %, compared with approximately 0.6 % for unfilled PA66 under the same conditions. These differences are relevant in articulated snap-fit assemblies where moisture-induced dimensional change can affect engagement force and acoustic noise.
In hot-water and coolant environments, polyamide 12 displays slower hydrolysis than PA6 and PA66 because the lower amide concentration reduces hydrolytic chain scission rates. Continuous use above 80 °C in aqueous glycol formulations, however, requires environmental stress-cracking testing under ISO 22088 or equivalent, because oxidation inhibitors and metal salts in engine coolant can initiate surface microcracks. Published long-term data for L1940 in specific coolant formulations are limited.
When moulding fasteners, cable clips, and connector housings, L1940 is processed at melt temperatures of 230 °C to 260 °C and mould temperatures of 40 °C to 80 °C. A chilled-water mould-temperature control unit with ±2 °C uniformity is required for consistent shrinkage. Gate geometry should limit shear rates to below 5 × 10⁴ s⁻¹; higher shear rates at pin gates can induce jetting, flow marks, and reduced weld-line strength. Mould shrinkage determined after 24 h under ISO 294-4 is 0.9 % to 1.3 % in the flow direction and 0.8 % to 1.2 % transverse, depending on wall thickness and packing pressure. Hot-runner systems should use externally heated manifolds with melt channels not smaller than 4 mm diameter to avoid dead spots and residence-time variation. Ejector pins on textured surfaces may require draft angles of 0.5° to 1.0°; polished surfaces can tolerate lower draft if demoulding occurs above 60 °C part surface temperature.
Parts used in automotive underhood environments are frequently exposed to calcium chloride brine, zinc chloride road salt solutions, and diesel fuel. Polyamide 12 resists many aliphatic hydrocarbons, but brittle failure can occur if external stress and salt solutions act simultaneously. Compatibility should be verified by ISO 22088 bent-strip tests at applied strain levels of 0.5 % to 1.0 %; visual examination for microcracks at 10× magnification is common on production trial parts.
Within the Vestamid L series, L1940 occupies a medium-viscosity position. Lower-viscosity PA12 grades are selected for thin-wall injection moulding where spiral-flow length and short cycle times dominate; higher-viscosity grades are specified for large-diameter tubing, blow moulding, or profile extrusion where melt strength is critical. The melt volume-flow rate of L1940 under ISO 1133-1 at 235 °C with 5 kg load is typically in the 10 cm³/10 min to 20 cm³/10 min range, but the certificate of analysis should be consulted before scheduling production. This intermediate value permits both extrusion and injection moulding, although it is not optimised for extreme high-speed thin-wall filling or very thick-wall blow moulding.
Compared with plasticized PA12 grades, L1940 eliminates outward migration of monomeric plasticizers, which can cause haze in adjacent polycarbonate parts and reduced friction performance over time. Compared with impact-modified PA12 compounds, notched impact strength is moderate; applications requiring Charpy notched values above 10 kJ/m² at -30 °C should be evaluated against impact-modified grades. Compared with PA11, L1940 has a similar moisture-absorption profile and lower density than short-chain nylons, but PA11 may offer different solvent resistance and a partially renewable feedstock. The choice between PA11 and PA12 is usually driven by ISO 10993 or food-contact requirements, fuel permeation standards such as SAE J2260 for fuel lines, or processing cost. Published comparative data for L1940 against bio-based polyamides in fuel permeation are limited.
Material selection for medical, food-contact, and automotive applications depends on specific grade certifications and not solely on base polymer family. Evonik supplies material regulatory statements for Vestamid L1940 under REACH and requires that processors verify compliance with Regulation (EU) 10/2011 for selected food-contact uses; specific migration testing for laurolactam and other low-molecular-weight species is performed according to EN 1186 methods when required. The natural grade is not pre-coloured, and addition of carbon black or organic pigments can affect UL 94 flammability classification; unfilled natural L1940 is typically rated HB at 0.8 mm under UL 94. For outdoor exposure, stabilization is required. Unstabilized polyamide 12 undergoes surface chalking and embrittlement under Xenon-arc testing according to ISO 4892-2, with gloss retention and tensile elongation loss dependent on UV absorber and hindered amine stabilizer loading. Plant operations should maintain separate drying and regrind streams for natural and masterbatched material to prevent cross-contamination that could alter EU food-contact status or mechanical property consistency.
