| HS Code | 376131 |
| Density | 1.20 g/cm³ |
| Glass Content | 20 % |
| Melting Point | 180 °C |
| Tensile Strength | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 4 % |
| Tensile Modulus | 2.60 GPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 2.20 GPa |
| Notched Izod Impact | 4 kJ/m² |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 170 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 60 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.5 % |
| Volume Resistivity | 1.0E13 Ω·cm |
| Shore D Hardness | 75 |
As an accredited Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G is supplied as 25 kg moisture-resistant multi-layer paper bags, lined with polyethylene for protection. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: Palletized 25kg bags of Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G, shrink-wrapped, securely block-stowed for safe transport. |
| Shipping | Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G is shipped as a solid powder/granulate in sealed, moisture-barrier bags on palletized, stretch-wrapped loads. It is non-hazardous for transport under ADR/IMDG/IATA, requiring no dangerous goods declaration. Protect from humidity, high heat, and direct sunlight during transit to maintain product quality. |
| Storage | Store Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G in its original, sealed packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from direct sunlight, UV radiation, and excessive heat to prevent degradation. Keep away from moisture, water, and humidity, as polyamide absorbs water. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents. Maintain stable temperatures and ensure containers are closed when not in use. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed packaging, cool and dry. Shelf life is typically two years from date of manufacture. |
Within fuel system quick-connector production, Lauramid B Nylon 12G is injection-moulded into male connector bodies, female retainer housings, and fuel sender flanges. The grade’s glass-fibre reinforcement, typically 30 wt%, raises tensile modulus to the 6,000–8,000 MPa range under ISO 527-2 at 23 °C, which reduces snap-fit stress relaxation in underhood fuel line assemblies. Pre-drying at 80 °C for 4 h to a residual moisture level below 0.06% is mandatory; higher moisture shifts melt viscosity and produces splay at gate freeze-off. Barrel temperatures are profiled from 230 °C at the feed throat to 260 °C at the metering zone, with nozzle held at 250 °C and mould surface temperature between 60 °C and 90 °C. Injection speed is set to maintain melt-front velocity above 200 mm/s in thick boss areas, while pack pressure is limited to 60–80 MPa to avoid glass-fibre segregation at the gate. Weld-line strength in multi-gated connector bodies is a known failure risk; sequential valve-gate timing relocates the weld plane away from the snap-fit retention lip. Fuel contact resistance is evaluated after immersion in Fuel C and ethanol-blended fuels per SAE J1681 or ASTM D543; dimensional change typically remains below 0.4%. Permeation resistance in finished assemblies is controlled by connector geometry and sealing elements rather than by the polymer grade alone, so Lauramid B Nylon 12G is specified for rigid fittings and flanges, not for flexible permeation barrier layers. End-use parts include SAE J2044-compliant quick connectors, ORVR tank flange ports, and sender unit lock rings.
The limiting condition in air brake push-in fittings is not tensile yield but weld-line ductility at sub-zero temperature after moisture conditioning. The 30 wt% glass-fibre phase in Lauramid B Nylon 12G orients during injection into thin-walled cylindrical sections around a central pin. When two melt fronts converge, fibre ends align parallel to the weld line, causing a drop in Charpy notched impact from the bulk value of approximately 12 kJ/m² to as low as 4 kJ/m² at -40 °C under ISO 179-1/1eA. This behaviour drives tooling design for multi-cavity air brake connectors: full-round pin gates or film gates are used instead of tunnel gates, and mould flow simulation is used to place weld lines in compression zones. Drying and processing are similar to other glass-filled polyamides: residual moisture must remain below 0.06% after 4 h at 80 °C, melt temperatures are 240–260 °C, and mould temperatures are 80–100 °C to maximise crystallinity in seal-seat areas. The high mould temperature also reduces post-mould shrinkage to approximately 0.2–0.4% in the longitudinal direction and 0.5–0.8% transverse, which is critical for retaining circularity of O-ring grooves. Burst pressure testing on finished fittings is conducted at 23 °C and after thermal ageing to 1,000 h at 125 °C; typical pneumatic requirements call for burst pressure above 4× working pressure. Chemical compatibility with diesel, compressor oil, and zinc-containing brake system corrosion inhibitors is evaluated per ASTM D543. Operational boundaries include avoiding continuous exposure to strong acids and high-chloride road salts at elevated temperature, because these conditions accelerate glass-fibre/PA12 interface hydrolysis.
For coolant distribution valve bodies in electric vehicle thermal management circuits, a central requirement is chemical resistance to water-glycol mixtures combined with flatness across sealing surfaces after thermal cycling. Post-mould shrinkage and moisture-annealing are the principal dimensional risks. After processing, parts machined too early can lose flatness because the PA12 matrix absorbs approximately 0.5–0.8% moisture at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity, reducing modulus by 10–20% and increasing elongation. The glass-fibre network in Lauramid B Nylon 12G limits total dimensional change to less than 0.3% in flow direction after moisture saturation, but anisotropic fibre orientation can still cause warpage at flange bolts. Mould temperature is held at 90–100 °C to promote a crystalline skin; cavity pressure sensors trigger switchover at 40–60 MPa to hold packing until gate freeze. Melt temperature is capped at 260 °C, because residence times above 10 min at 270 °C lead to yellowing and a measurable drop in ISO 527-2 tensile strength. Thermal shock testing from -40 °C to 120 °C per IEC 60068-2-14 test Na reveals failures at weld lines and at glass-fibre bundle ends near sharp tool marks. Machining of valve seat faces after moulding is conducted only after 48 h moisture conditioning at 23 °C/50% RH or after accelerated annealing at 100 °C for 2 h in dry air, followed by dimensional inspection according to ISO 294-4 shrinkage and ISO 291 conditioning requirements. End-use articles include multi-port coolant valves, thermal management pump brackets, and heater core end caps.
Direct exposure to abrasive slurries in pump service forces material selection toward glass-fibre reinforced PA12 rather than unreinforced nylon, but only when the service temperature remains below the glass transition of the matrix, approximately 55 °C for PA12. In Lauramid B Nylon 12G, the 30 wt% fibre network increases flexural modulus under ISO 178 to the 5,500–7,000 MPa range and reduces creep under 60 MPa constant stress at 23 °C when tested per ISO 899-1. Wall sections in impeller shrouds range from 8 mm to 25 mm, so gate freeze and sink marks must be managed with pack pressures of 70–100 MPa and hold times of 3–5 s per mm of nominal wall thickness. Mould temperatures below 70 °C produce a poorly crystallised skin that subsequently recrystallises during pump operation and causes bore closure; 90 °C is preferred. Machining of wear-ring seats is performed after stress-relief annealing at 120 °C for 2 h in a dry-air oven, which reduces circumferential stress and improves dimensional stability. Chemical exposure in pump service includes zinc dialkyldithiophosphate-containing lubricants, mineral oil, and water with glycol. Prolonged exposure to water above 80 °C should be verified in the specific formulation because glass-fibre/PA12 interfacial hydrolysis can lower notched impact by more than 30% after 1,000 h. End-use parts include multistage centrifugal pump impellers, wear rings, diffuser spacers, and volute liners in industrial water circulation.
Typically, high-volume industrial wear service outside fluid-handling systems selects Lauramid B Nylon 12G for bushings, guides, and fibre orientation in dry-granule conveying because the PA12 matrix exhibits low dynamic friction against polished steel, with coefficients in the 0.30–0.45 range under dry block-on-ring conditions. This benefit is lost if glass-fibre ends protrude from the sliding surface; therefore, fibre orientation is controlled through part geometry and gate placement. Wear surfaces are gated from the opposite side, and melt fronts are directed across the sliding face at 45° to 90° rather than parallel to it. Processing uses a melt temperature of 250–265 °C and mould temperature of 80 °C, with a screw L/D of 20:1 to 22:1 and a compression ratio of 2.0–2.3. Drying at 80 °C to 0.06% residual moisture is required; if moisture exceeds 0.1%, surface finish defects appear on the wear face after machining. In dry-granule service, maximum continuous surface pressure is typically limited to 5–10 MPa and PV values to 0.2–0.5 MPa·m/s without external lubrication, depending on mating steel roughness. Wear testing is evaluated by block-on-ring according to ASTM G137 dry conditions or pin-on-disc ASTM G99, with wear rate compared to a UHMWPE reference. Terminal articles are conveyor chain guides, star wheels, guide rails for bottle filling lines, and chain tensioner bushings. The main operational boundary is temperature: above 80 °C, the matrix softens, glass-fibre pull-out accelerates, and frictional heat cannot be dissipated without forced air cooling.
When marine and offshore cable gland bodies and junction box flanges replace brass or bronze with Lauramid B Nylon 12G, the polymer grade must simultaneously satisfy salt-spray resistance, impact strength, and thread-torque retention. The material is processed into thick-walled threaded components with outer diameters up to 80 mm; mould temperature is held at 90–100 °C and cooling time is set at 20 s per mm² to suppress internal voids. Glass-fibre content modifies not only stiffness but also coefficient of linear thermal expansion, which is measured per ISO 11359-2 and is typically 40–50 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ in the flow direction and 60–70 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ transverse. This anisotropy produces thread distortion if the part is ejected too hot; post-ejection cooling in a constrained jig for 60 s is used for M50 and larger threads. Salt-spray resistance is tested according to ISO 9227 NSS for 720 h; no significant loss of ISO 179-1 notched impact is observed if the fibre sizing is not hydrolytically degraded by chloride ions. Terminal parts are brass-replacement cable glands for shipboard junction boxes, offshore wind tower conduit fittings, and terminal block housings. The material is not suitable for continuous exposure to seawater above 60 °C in stressed thick sections because hydrolytic attack at the glass-matrix interface reduces fracture toughness. Flame spread is verified only if the final article is tested to IEC 60695-11-10; the base polymer is class HB and should not be represented as self-extinguishing.
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Evonik Lauramid B Nylon 12G is an unfilled, black-pigmented cast polyamide 12 semi-finished stock. The suffix 12G in the trade designation follows semi-finished plastics nomenclature and refers to cast manufacture; it does not indicate glass reinforcement. The generic identity under ISO 1043-1 is PA 12, non-reinforced. Lauramid B is polymerised from ω-laurolactam by an activated anionic route in closed moulds at low pressure, producing a high-molecular-weight semicrystalline structure with lower frozen-in orientation than melt-extruded PA 12. The B designation identifies the black grade. Standard semi-finished forms are plate, rod, and tubular bar, intended for machining into finished components rather than for remelting or injection moulding.
Specification comparisons for Lauramid B Nylon 12G are normally made using conditioned and dry-as-cast values. The property window is controlled by two independent variables: absorbed moisture content and through-thickness crystallinity. Because PA 12 contains a relatively low amide group density compared with PA 6 or PA 66, equilibrium water uptake at 23 °C in water is 1.2–1.5 % according to ISO 62. The corresponding dimensional change after saturation is approximately 0.3–0.5 %, which is lower than the 2.0–2.5 % linear change commonly observed for cast PA 6G under the same exposure. Density measured by ISO 1183-1 falls between 1.01 and 1.03 g/cm³. The tensile yield stress is typically 45–50 MPa when tested under ISO 527-2, with tensile elongation at break in the dry state above 100 % and often between 120 % and 200 %. Flexural modulus determined by ISO 178 is usually 1200–1500 MPa, and Shore D hardness under ISO 868 is 74–80. Charpy notched impact strength at 23 °C according to ISO 179-1/1eA is reported as no break for most specimen thicknesses; at -30 °C, the notched impact value drops but remains above 4–6 kJ/m² in commercial datasheets. Thermal analysis by ISO 11357-3 places the melting peak at 176–180 °C. The heat deflection temperature under 1.8 MPa load lies near 45–55 °C, a limitation that constrains heavily loaded hot-running bearing use. Vicat softening temperature VST/B50 according to ISO 306 is 160–170 °C; the continuous service temperature in air is conventionally limited to 80–100 °C for unfilled PA 12, with excursions above 120 °C requiring prototype testing. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion between 23 °C and 100 °C is approximately 12×10⁻⁵ K⁻¹ under ISO 11359-2. The low amide concentration also gives a favourable electrical performance: volume resistivity typically remains above 10¹³ Ω·m when measured by IEC 62631-3-1, although the carbon black in the B grade modifies surface resistance and should be specified for insulating service.
Machining practice for Lauramid B Nylon 12G stock shapes is not interchangeable with metal practice. The polymer is softer than steel, but it also exhibits a high coefficient of thermal expansion and low thermal conductivity, so cutting heat localises at the chip interface. On CNC lathes and machining centres, tools with sharp positive rake angles and polished chip grooves are used to prevent re-cutting of swarf; compressed air cooling is preferred over flood coolant when dimensional tolerance is tighter than ±0.05 mm. Because the casting process generates a through-thickness crystallinity gradient, asymmetric metal removal from thick stock can release residual stresses and produce bending. The conventional corrective sequence is stress-relief annealing in air or oil at 120–130 °C for approximately 1 h per 25 mm of thickness, followed by slow cooling at ≤20 °C/h, then rough machining to a 2–3 mm envelope, a second anneal, and final finishing. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; shops typically qualify each lot on a first-off machined part because cavity pressure differences and demoulding time affect residual stress. The material must be sized with service humidity in mind. If machined dry at low ambient humidity and then operated wet, the resulting swelling can reduce bearing clearances; conversely, components machined to final size in a humid environment may loosen during dry storage. A dimensional change of 0.3–0.5 % at saturation is small relative to PA 6G but remains mechanically significant across a 500 mm plate.
Selection of Lauramid B Nylon 12G over alternatives rarely turns on a single property. Against cast PA 6G, Lauramid B offers lower water uptake by a factor of roughly 4–5; cast PA 6G saturates at 5.5–6.5 % water, with substantial dimensional growth and a drop in glass-transition-related strength. This makes the PA 12 grade preferable for humid food-processing or water-treatment slides, guides, and wear pads. In exchange, PA 6G provides higher dry-state tensile yield stress—commonly 75–80 MPa versus 45–50 MPa—and higher stiffness, so it remains more appropriate for highly loaded, dry, slow-moving wear parts. Against extruded PA 12, Lauramid B has the same chemical resistance and moisture absorption but a different stress state. The cast route permits thick-walled stock with lower orientation; extruded PA 12 sheet and rod can retain a frozen-in core/skin structure that distorts after asymmetric machining. When the component is a thick timing screw, a valve-seat blank, or a manifold slide exceeding 80–100 mm in section, cast PA 12G usually carries lower internal stress and offers more predictable dimensional behaviour than extruded stock. Against POM-C copolymer acetal, Lauramid B retains tensile ductility and Charpy no-break behaviour at higher strain rates; POM-C offers greater tensile modulus and better creep resistance in dry sliding. In wet or aqueous alkaline environments, PA 12 resists hydrolysis better than POM-C, but POM-C has lower water uptake and usually better dimensional stability in intermittent wetting.
| Property | Standard | Lauramid B Nylon 12G | Cast PA 6G | Extruded PA 12 | POM-C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01–1.03 g/cm³ | 1.14–1.15 g/cm³ | 1.01–1.03 g/cm³ | 1.41 g/cm³ |
| Tensile yield stress | ISO 527-2 | 45–50 MPa | 75–80 MPa | 45–50 MPa | 65–70 MPa |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-2 | 1500–1700 MPa | 3000–3500 MPa | 1500–1700 MPa | 2800–3200 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eA | NB | 5–10 kJ/m² | NB | 6–8 kJ/m² |
| Water absorption at saturation | ISO 62 | 1.2–1.5 % | 5.5–6.5 % | 1.2–1.5 % | 0.7–0.9 % |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-1/2 | 45–55 °C | 75–90 °C | 45–55 °C | 95–110 °C |
| Shore D hardness | ISO 868 | 74–80 | 80–85 | 74–80 | 80–85 |
Major machined uses for Lauramid B Nylon 12G occur where a combination of moisture tolerance, impact tolerance, and slip behaviour is required. The grade is converted into timing screws, wear strips, chain guides, sprockets, valve plates, scraper blades, rollers, and housing parts for packaging, food-processing, water-treatment, chemical, and marine equipment. The unfilled grade is not the first choice for high-load gearing: it lacks the compressive stiffness of cast PA 6G and glass-filled grades. It is commonly selected for guide and bearing components that experience frequent wetting, cleaning chemicals, or condensation, and where PA 6G would swell enough to alter running clearance. Dimensional stability is also relevant in multi-part assemblies using metallic backing plates or shaft fits.
Specification of Lauramid B Nylon 12G for regulated applications requires confirmation of the actual lot documentation. The base polyamide 12 chemistry is covered by EU Regulation 10/2011 and, in the United States, by FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for polyamide resins used in repeat-contact food packaging and processing equipment; the black pigmentation must nevertheless be reviewed against specific food-contact compliance because not all carbon black masterbatches are identical. REACH registration for the monomer and polymer is the responsibility of the supplier; downstream converters must verify that the semi-finished product is supplied with a REACH compliance statement and SVHC declaration. RoHS 2011/65/EU requires substance screening for lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBB, and PBDE; typical unfilled black PA 12 stock falls within the permissible limits, but documented lot verification is necessary.
Chemical resistance follows the known limits of PA 12: the polymer is resistant to oils, greases, fuels, hydraulic fluids, salt solutions, and many dilute alkalis. It is not suitable for strong mineral acids, phenols, formic acid, concentrated acetic acid, or strong oxidising agents. Prolonged exposure to hot water above 80–90 °C can hydrolyse the molecular chain over extended periods, although PA 12 retains more of its original toughness than PA 6 or PA 66 under intermittent condensation. Direct steam sterilisation at 121 °C is generally outside the continuous service envelope for unfilled cast PA 12 and should not be specified without replacement-grade testing; autoclave cycles cause progressive embrittlement. The B grade black pigmentation should be considered conductive enough to alter surface resistivity relative to natural PA 12, but it is not classified as an electrical dissipation grade.
Bearing application limits require system-level testing because the permissible pv value changes with shaft material, surface roughness, lubrication, and duty cycle. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; no general pv value should be carried across shaft surface finish and duty cycle. Prototype rig testing under production load and speed is the only reliable means of establishing steady wear rate. Components produced from cast PA 12G should be stored away from direct sunlight and strong UV sources over extended periods because the polymer can embrittle in outdoor weathering unless stabilised specifically for ultraviolet exposure.
