| HS Code | 287547 |
| Material | Polyamide 11 (Nylon 11) |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus | 1.6 GPa |
| Tensile Strength | 48 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 45% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1.3 GPa |
| Flexural Strength | 44 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Notched | 4.5 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 198 °C |
| Particle Size | 35-80 μm |
| Shore Hardness | 62 Shore D |
| Water Absorption | 0.2% |
As an accredited EOS PA 1101 Nylon 11 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Each 5 kg sealed container holds EOS PA 1101 Nylon 11 powder, moisture-protected in a bag inside a sturdy box. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loaded with EOS PA 1101 Nylon 11, properly secured, moisture-protected, and ventilated for safe transit. |
| Shipping | EOS PA 1101 Nylon 11 ships as a fine polymer powder for industrial 3D printing. Store sealed in its original moisture-barrier packaging away from heat, humidity, and direct sunlight. Standard ground freight is suitable; no special hazardous materials classification applies. Prevent compaction and seal tightly after use. |
| Storage | Store EOS PA 1101 Nylon 11 in its original, sealed container in a cool, dry environment. Protect the powder from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent humidity absorption, which affects print quality. Use within recommended shelf life, typically six months. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is approximately two years when stored unopened in original packaging, kept cool, dry, and protected from moisture. |
Selective laser sintering of PA 1101 for automotive cabin air-management hardware is qualified against ISO 527-1/-2 tensile testing and ISO 75-1/-2 deflection temperature. In powder-bed processing, the relevant addition ratio is not a compounding percentage but the charge mass of fresh PA 1101 to recovered PA 1101 after vibratory sieving through a 150 µm screen. Production runs for this cabin duct and clip class lock the feed at 55 wt% fresh to 45 wt% recovered after three full build cycles; recovered powder fractions above 50 wt% have been observed to shift the melt volume-flow rate upward under ISO 1133-1:2022 and produce visible top-surface porosity on 0.12 mm layers. The build itself is carried out on an EOS P 396 with 0.12 mm layer thickness and oxygen concentration below 1.5 vol%, followed by dry-ice blasting at 300–400 kPa. Terminal parts include parking-brake cable clips, cabin air mixing flaps, and low-load HVAC duct transition pieces. The boundary condition is that PA 1101 deflection temperature under a 1.80 MPa load remains below 60 °C; therefore the parts are restricted to low-load cabin zones and are not validated for engine-compartment heat shields.
For laser-sintered PA 1101 eyeglass frames, wearable camera brackets, and snap-fit battery covers, the acceptance protocol references ASTM D638-14 for tensile properties and ISO 178 for flexural modulus. The powder addition ratio is fixed at 50 wt% fresh PA 1101 to 50 wt% recovered PA 1101 screened at 150 µm; however the recovered powder must be vacuum-dried for 8 h at 60 °C when moisture exceeds 0.15 wt%, otherwise the build shows steam-induced porosity on thin walls. The downstream production process uses a FORMIGA P 110 with 0.10 mm layer thickness and hatching parameters tuned for green-part handling; after cooling, parts are glass-bead blasted at 250–350 kPa and, where black or grey finish is required, acid-dyed in a 95 °C bath rather than painted. A measurable process boundary appears below 0.8 mm wall thickness: repeated snap-fit flexure at 5 cycles/min shows reduced hinge survival, and published data for sub-0.8 mm living hinge life in this specific configuration is limited.
| Property | Test method | Reported range for laser-sintered PA 1101 |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1,500–1,700 MPa |
| Tensile strength | ISO 527-1/-2 | 45–50 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 35–45% |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 1,200–1,400 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact strength | ISO 179-1/1eA | 6–8 kJ/m² |
| HDT at 0.45 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 150–160 °C |
| HDT at 1.80 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 50–55 °C |
| Density | ISO 1183 | 1.01–1.04 g/cm³ |
Lot-specific certificates for PA 1101 should be consulted for constrained builds; the table reflects aggregate published values for freshly sintered specimens conditioned at 23 °C and 50% RH for 72 h.
Low-temperature UAV ducting and sensor-housing production for cold-soak operations starts with an addition ratio of 60 wt% fresh PA 1101 to 40 wt% recovered powder because Charpy notched impact strength under ISO 179-1/1eA at −20 °C is the gate criterion, and recovered powder loads above 40 wt% have been observed on production runs to reduce impact energy by 10–15%. The process uses an EOS P 396 with nitrogen flow control maintaining oxygen below 1.5 vol% and 0.10 mm layer thickness. After the build, parts are conditioned for 72 h at 23 °C and 50% RH per ISO 291, then dimensionally inspected with white-light scanning rather than dye penetrant. Terminal products include UAV air inlet ducts, gimbal isolation brackets, and sensor pod covers. The main batch-to-batch bottleneck is edge curl when the build chamber temperature deviates by more than ±2 °C from the material-specific setpoint; this is a thermal control limit, not a chemical incompatibility.
PA 1101 in chemical-contact oil and gas prototypes is evaluated under ISO 175 immersion in ASTM reference fuel C and in 30 wt% aqueous sodium chloride at 23 °C for 168 h; acceptable lots retain at least 80% of dry as-built tensile strength. The powder addition ratio is fixed at 70 wt% fresh PA 1101 to 30 wt% recovered powder for 1.0 mm cross-sections, because higher recovered powder fractions increase surface porosity and accelerate liquid absorption into the sintered matrix. Production is carried out on an EOS P 396 with 0.12 mm layers, followed by ultrasonic cleaning in deionized water at 35 °C for 30 min and forced-air drying at 50 °C for 12 h. Terminal products are low-pressure fluid reservoir prototypes, coupling lock clips, and cable protection saddles. The operational ceiling is 60 °C in continuous hydrocarbon contact; above that temperature swelling and heat deflection interact, and published data for PA 1101 in sour gas exposure is limited and must be validated under the applicable project-specific sour-service test protocol.
First-article medical orthosis and surgical guide prototype production uses 100 wt% fresh PA 1101 to eliminate recovered-powder contamination. The build is run on a FORMIGA P 110 with 0.10 mm layers; after depowdering, parts are cleaned with medical-grade nitrogen and packed in an ISO 14644-1 class 8 cleanroom. Mechanical acceptance follows ISO 527-1/-2 and ISO 178, while skin-contact safety must be assessed under ISO 10993-1; PA 1101 should not be assumed suitable for mucosal or long-term dermal contact without separate lot-specific validation. Terminal products include non-load-bearing orthotic prototype shells, surgical tool organizers, and pre-surgical anatomical models. The limitation is that no autoclave-cycling claim can be made for this powder in finished device form until a written sterilization validation under ISO 17665-1 is completed.
Rail cable harness supports and junction box brackets are built on an EOS P 396 using a 65 wt% fresh PA 1101 to 35 wt% recovered powder feed at 0.12 mm layer thickness; the recovered powder is qualified after five cycles by ISO 1133-1:2022 melt index and ISO 179-1/1eA impact retention. Mechanical acceptance uses ISO 527-1/-2 tensile and ISO 75-1/-2 HDT. Terminal products are cable cleats, cable tray dividers, and junction box brackets. The process boundary is that sustained service above 50 °C under continuous load is not considered without additional retention testing because HDT at 1.80 MPa is below 60 °C.
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EOS PA 1101 is an unfilled laser-sintering polyamide 11 powder in which the repeating unit is formed from 11-aminoundecanoic acid rather than the laurolactam route used for polyamide 12. The monomer is derived from castor oil, and the polymer backbone contains one amide group per 11 carbon atoms, compared with one per 6 for polyamide 6 and one per 4.6 for polyamide 66. This lower amide density than short-chain polyamides reduces equilibrium moisture uptake and plasticization sensitivity, while the long aliphatic segments contribute to ductility. The powder is supplied as a white/natural grade and is intended for CO₂-laser powder-bed fusion at a wavelength of 10.6 µm. Sintered solid density is approximately 1.04 g/cm³ when measured by ISO 1183, and the loose powder bulk density typically falls in the 0.45–0.55 g/cm³ range. The standard product is unfilled; no glass beads, carbon fibre, or flame-retardant filler are present in the base formulation.
PA 1101 is processed within the thermal interval between the endothermic melting peak and the exothermic recrystallization onset. These transitions are measured by ISO 11357-3. The supplier-reported melting peak lies near 186°C, while the crystallization transition is lower enough to provide a practical bed-temperature band, but not so wide that the material can be treated as thermally insensitive. In powder-bed fusion, the bed temperature is held just below the melting onset to limit part curl. If the bed drifts upward by only a few degrees, particle-to-particle fusion before laser exposure creates agglomerates in the powder cake. Those agglomerates pass through the powder handling loop, increase fine-particle loss between sieving and spreading, and appear as surface defects on subsequent builds. Conversely, a bed that is too cold relative to the crystallization plateau produces warpage and delamination in thin z-oriented sections. The usable bed-temperature range is therefore held by the machine parameter set with a tolerance tighter than ±2°C on production systems. Operators should not adjust the bed heater setpoint independently of the laser energy density.
Refresh ratio describes the operational blending of used powder with virgin powder after recovery of the build cake. For PA 1101, repeated exposure to bed temperature and CO₂-laser energy shifts melt-flow behaviour and particle size distribution. The powder becomes coarser through partial fusion of fines, and the recovered material should be screened through a sieve with a maximum aperture of 150 µm. Blending with virgin powder is mandatory because recycled powder alone tends to reduce part density and alter the melting peak shape. The allowable recycled fraction is lower than the level commonly used for polyamide 12 because PA 1101 retains thermal history in its semicrystalline structure. If the blend is too aggressive, the first visible result is increased surface roughness on down-facing surfaces and a loss of dimensional accuracy in the z-axis. This effect is not always visible in bulk mechanical data, so production control should include a fixed test artifact with vertical and horizontal bars in each build.
Mechanical data for laser-sintered PA 1101, conditioned at 23 °C and 50% RH, are usually reported with the following typical values: tensile modulus 1.6 GPa and tensile strength 48 MPa under ISO 527-2; elongation at break 45% under ISO 527-2; flexural modulus 1.4 GPa and flexural strength 55 MPa under ISO 178; Charpy notched impact 5.4 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1; Shore D hardness 72 under ISO 868. These values apply to dry-state or conditioned XY-built specimens and are not design allowables. The orientation effect is significant; vertically built tensile bars may underperform XY bars by 20–40% in elongation because interlayer fusion lines dominate the fracture path. A derating factor or direct part testing under the target loading mode is therefore required when tensile stresses act perpendicular to the build layers.
Relative to polyamide 6 and polyamide 66, the lower amide density of PA 1101 reduces equilibrium water uptake. Water absorption is measured under ISO 62; neat nylon 11 reaches saturation near 1.6–2.0 wt% after immersion at 23 °C, below the 8–10 wt% commonly reported for polyamide 6 and polyamide 66. At service humidity below saturation, the moisture content is lower and dimensional change is correspondingly reduced. Nevertheless, PA 1101 is not moisture-neutral. A transition from dry-as-sintered to humid equilibrium can reduce tensile modulus and increase elongation at break. Assemblies with tight clearances should therefore use humid-condition properties if the part will operate in non-dry environments.
Resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons, hydraulic fluids, and many automotive oils is typical of long-chain polyamides, but compatibility must be verified by immersion testing under ISO 175 because additive packages in fuels and oils can plasticize the surface. Strong acids, phenolic compounds, and strong oxidizing solutions degrade the polymer. Oxidative stability at elevated temperature is limited; applications above 80 °C in air require duration-specific ageing tests because carbonyl formation can shift surface colour and reduce impact strength.
Applications for EOS PA 1101 concentrate in parts that require repeated flexure or snap-fit assembly. The high strain at break under ISO 527-2 supports living-hinge and snap-arm geometries that may fracture in stiffer unfilled or filled SLS nylons. Production examples include vehicle interior clips and cable guides, orthotic shells, prosthetic check sockets, pneumatic connectors, and functional prototypes that must survive handling loads during fitting. The powder can be dyed black or other colours after sintering using acid dye processes, though dye penetration depends on residual part porosity. When dimensional repeatability is critical, parts should be placed away from high thermal gradient zones and oriented so that functional snap arms lie in the XY plane. Any patient-contact article must be validated under applicable ISO 10993 or regional medical-device regulations; PA 1101 is not automatically clean and packaged for implantable-grade use unless the manufacturer validates that supply chain.
PA 1101 may be specified when PA 12 does not provide sufficient pre-yield ductility. The melting temperature of PA 1101 is 8–10 °C higher than standard PA 12. Short-term stiffness is often close enough that stiffness is not the main reason to change. The differentiation appears in elongation at break and impact recovery. PA 12 laser-sintered parts commonly show elongation at break in the 15–25% range, while PA 1101 parts are reported in the 35–50% range. However, PA 1101 has slightly higher equilibrium moisture uptake than PA 12 under ISO 62, and sintering requires a dedicated parameter set. It is not a drop-in replacement in machine operation: a build prepared for PA 12 must be recalled and reassigned to a PA 1101 parameter set, and the machine must be cleaned between powders if the same system is alternated between materials. Compared with glass-filled PA 12 or mineral-filled SLS polyamides, PA 1101 is intentionally more flexible and has lower modulus; load-bearing brackets requiring high rigidity should remain in filled grades.
Compliance and handling records for EOS PA 1101 follow the same structure as other unfilled SLS polyamides. The material safety data sheet should define local dust-control measures because fine polymer powder can form combustible dust clouds. The build area should be bonded and grounded to prevent static discharge. In the European Union, equipment for explosive atmospheres is assessed under ATEX 2014/34/EU; in the United States, powder-handling systems follow NFPA 652. Under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, the powder is treated as a polymer article, with obligations applying to registered monomers and intentionally added substances. Under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, the polymer is not expected to contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBB, or PBDE above listed limits. The base nylon 11 resin falls within the class of nylon resins described by 21 CFR 177.1500 for indirect food-contact use, but a printed finished article is not automatically compliant; migration testing and article-specific approvals are required. If powder is exposed to high humidity, it should be dried according to the supplier’s drying curve. Drying temperatures above 80 °C can cause particle fusing and should be avoided unless the supplier’s data sheet explicitly permits the condition.
On production laser-sintering systems with CO₂ lasers and 0.12 mm layer thickness, PA 1101 quality is monitored by lot-specific measurements. Incoming powder should be checked for melt volume-flow rate under ISO 1133, bulk density under ISO 60, and particle-size distribution by laser diffraction. A lot at the high end of the melt-flow window may spread more easily but can produce slightly lower part density at the same energy density; a lot at the low end may require a small increase in laser power or a reduction in scan spacing. The change is usually within the supplier’s specification band, but long unbroken production builds are the first to show the effect because thermal history accumulates in recycled powder. The most commonly observed failure modes are hopper bridging from static-charged powder, uneven powder coating from roller vibration, and edge lift on large flat parts. These modes are rarely traceable to a single material defect; they arise from the interaction of powder lot, refresh ratio, bed temperature, and machine maintenance. For that reason, a standard calibration part set is used to qualify each new lot before release to production. Published data for the effect of specific particle-size shifts on tensile failure stress are limited, so the test artifact should report dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mass, not only tensile properties.
