| HS Code | 435268 |
| Density | 1.48 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus Dry | 15000 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break Dry | 170 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Dry | 2.0% |
| Flexural Modulus Dry | 13500 MPa |
| Flexural Strength Dry | 270 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength Dry 23 C | 13 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Unnotched Impact Strength Dry 23 C | 80 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature Hdt A 1 8 Mpa | 170 °C |
| Water Absorption 24 H | 0.4% |
| Moisture Absorption At Saturation | 1.7% |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nat Nylon 12, 50% Glass Fiber Reinforced, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged in sealed, moisture-proof 25 kg bags as dry nylon 12 pellets, 50% glass fiber reinforced. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loaded with dry Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nylon 12 pellets, 50% glass fiber reinforced, packed in sealed bags on pallets. |
| Shipping | Ship as non-hazardous granular pellets in sealed moisture-barrier bags or drums. Keep dry and store below 25°C, as hygroscopic nylon absorbs moisture. Avoid direct sunlight and extreme heat. Standard dry freight is suitable; protect from damage and contamination during transit. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nat in its original, tightly sealed container to prevent moisture absorption. Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Maintain ambient temperatures; avoid excessive humidity. Under these conditions, the material remains stable and dry, preserving its mechanical properties and processing performance. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically indefinite if stored in original sealed packaging, kept dry, cool, and protected from moisture. |
In hot-zone selective catalytic reduction (SCR) dosing modules, structural carriers, urea injector retainers, and reductant line support clips molded from Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nat must tolerate intermittent urea aerosol contact, exhaust-side radiant heat reaching above 110°C, and engine vibration spectra typically spanning 10–1000 Hz according to OEM durability schedules. The resin is introduced at 100 wt% virgin pellet feed; clean sprue and runner regrind is limited to 15 wt% of total shot weight because higher regrind levels reduce weld-line elongation and increase the risk of glass fiber accumulation in thin clip features. Compliance for these components is driven by IATF 16949:2016 production part approval process requirements, while fluid-contact adjacent parts are assessed against the urea solution specification ISO 22241-1:2019 for 32.5 wt% aqueous diesel exhaust fluid. Drying before injection molding uses a desiccant dryer at 80°C for 4–6 h to a residual moisture level of ≤0.10% determined by ISO 15512:2019; moisture above 0.15% produces silver streaks on the surface and hydrolytic viscosity loss in the barrel. Processing is performed on a screw with L/D 20:1, compression ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1, and a free-flow check ring; melt temperature at the nozzle is held at 270–285°C, mold temperature at 100–120°C, and holding pressure at 60–80 MPa to maintain crystallinity and minimize post-mold warpage in long bracketry. Gate location is placed away from snap-fit hooks and threaded inserts because weld lines in these regions exhibit brittle failure under vibration. Finished parts include SCR dosing pump brackets, urea injector retainers, exhaust aftertreatment sensor mounts, DEF tank flange supports, and underbody line clips.
High-pressure pneumatic valve bodies manufactured from 50% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 are exposed to cyclic air pressure frequently ranging from 0 to 16 bar, condensed water, compressor oil mist, and ambient temperatures that can fall below −40°C in mobile applications. The critical processing boundary is melt residence time: at barrel settings above 260°C, total residence time should not exceed 10 min, and at 280°C it should not exceed 6–8 min, because longer exposure accelerates thermo-oxidative chain scission and increases volatile generation, which becomes visible as gas voids in thick valve-body walls. Compliance is anchored to ISO 4414:2010 for pneumatic fluid power system safety and to 2014/68/EU pressure equipment requirements where the body is classified as a pressure-retaining component; material-specific testing is commonly executed under ISO 527-1:2019 tensile conditions and ISO 1183-1:2019 density verification. The formulation is run at 100 wt% virgin pellet feed; regrind is not permitted in pressure-retaining walls above 10 bar service pressure, but non-structural access covers may use up to 15 wt% closed-loop regrind if the particle size distribution is screened to remove fines below 0.5 mm. Drying before processing requires 80°C for 4–8 h with a dew point of −30°C or lower, because PA12 absorbs moisture more slowly than PA6/66 but surface condensation in cold storage can cause localized hydrolysis at the feed throat. Molding uses a three-zone screw with L/D 20:1, a compression ratio near 2.2:1, and a reverse-taper non-return valve to prevent glass fiber packing in front of the check ring. Mold temperatures below 80°C produce a low-crystallinity skin that reduces pressure resistance and increases gas permeability; mold temperatures of 100–120°C combined with holding pressure 60–80 MPa improve sealing-edge flatness. Gate design favors a fan gate or edge gate with a cold slug well; direct pinpoint gating into a pressure wall creates a low-strength weld line that may fail under pressure pulsation. Finished terminal products include high-pressure pneumatic valve bodies, FRL housings, pneumatic actuator end caps, manifold blocks, and compressed air distribution plates.
When creep under constant clamp load at 85°C becomes the dominant failure mode in electric vehicle high-voltage busbar supports, a 50% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 is evaluated against IEC 60664-1:2020 insulation coordination requirements and IEC 60112:2009 comparative tracking index behavior. The natural dry grade is fed at 100 wt%; clean runner regrind is limited to 20 wt% because additional regrind increases the variance of glass fiber length distribution and can reduce tracking resistance at exposed busbar contact edges. If a pigmented or laser-markable variant is required, color masterbatch is dosed at 1.0–2.0 wt% and pre-dried separately at 80°C for 2 h before gravimetric dosing to avoid moisture introduction into the main feed stream. Injection molding uses a screw with L/D 20:1 and compression ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1; melt temperature is maintained at 270–285°C, mold temperature at 100–120°C, and holding pressure at 60–80 MPa through the gate. Gate position is placed away from the busbar contact face because glass fiber bloom at the surface can alter partial discharge inception and reduce comparative tracking index measured under IEC 60112:2009. Terminal parts include high-voltage busbar support frames, power distribution unit dielectric brackets, cell module interconnector insulators, and motor inverter terminal boards. The natural grade is not inherently flame-retarded; therefore, any application requiring a specific glow-wire or flammability class must be assessed separately under the relevant IEC 60695-2-13:2021 or UL 94 test method.
| Assessment | Standard / Method | Stress Condition | Practical Boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insulation coordination | IEC 60664-1:2020 | Pollution degree 2, overvoltage category II | Creepage distances must account for glass fiber bloom on molded surfaces. |
| Comparative tracking index | IEC 60112:2009 | 20°C, 50% RH, aqueous electrolyte | Natural PA12 GF50 may require post-molding surface cleaning to avoid conductive debris. |
| Dielectric strength | IEC 60243-1:2013 | 1.0 mm plaque, 20°C | Thickness below 0.8 mm increases scatter due to glass fiber orientation. |
| Glow-wire ignition | IEC 60695-2-13:2021 | 750°C glow-wire contact | Natural PA12 GF50 is not inherently flame-retarded. |
Chemical process pump volutes, impeller wear rings, and filter plates molded in 50% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 are assessed for solvent uptake, fiber wicking, and dimensional change after immersion in dilute acids, caustic solutions, and aliphatic process fluids. Chemical resistance is evaluated under ISO 175:2010 and, where North American specification is required, ASTM D543-20; these methods provide a comparative mass-change and dimension-change baseline rather than a direct service-life guarantee. The formulation is run at 100 wt% virgin pellet feed, with regrind limited to 15 wt% for non-wetted areas only; wetted impeller wear rings and volute sealing faces are molded without regrind to avoid microvoids that can act as fluid penetration pathways. Drying follows the same desiccant schedule of 80°C for 4–6 h to ≤0.10% residual moisture per ISO 15512:2019. Downstream processing uses injection molding with melt temperature 270–285°C and mold temperature 80–100°C; thick filter plates above 10 mm nominal wall require staged holding pressure and extended cooling time to prevent sink marks at rib intersections. After molding, components with tight dimensional fits are annealed for 2 h at 130°C in a circulated-air oven to release molded-in stress and stabilize subsequent machining dimensions. Machining of finished surfaces uses carbide tooling with low feed rates because glass fiber reinforcement causes rapid edge wear on high-speed steel. Terminal finished products include chemical process pump volutes, impeller wear rings, filter plate segments, valve seats, and pump end covers.
When subsea cable protection clamps are molded with 50% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 instead of unfilled PA12, the primary design change is a step increase in buckling stiffness under compression from hydrodynamic load and marine growth accumulation. Qualification for non-metallic materials in subsea service is often structured around ISO 23936-1:2022 for non-metallic materials in oil and gas production and, where specified, NORSOK M-710:2014 for elastomeric and polymer sealing materials; for structural clamps, the material may additionally be subjected to hydrolytic aging under ISO 175:2010 in synthetic seawater at elevated temperature. The molding formulation uses 100 wt% virgin resin; carbon black masterbatch is added at 1.5–2.0 wt% when outdoor UV exposure occurs during handling or storage, and predried at 80°C for 2 h before gravimetric dosing. Regrind is limited to 10 wt% for non-load-bearing sections only, because hydrolytically aged regrind can reduce mechanical integrity after prolonged seawater contact. Processing on high-tonnage injection molding equipment uses sequential valve gating to avoid internal weld lines in clamp segments over 500 mm long; melt temperature is controlled at 270–285°C, mold temperature at 100–120°C, and screw recovery speed is reduced to limit glass fiber length degradation. The mold surface should be corrosion-protected or molded parts should be dried immediately after ejection to prevent residual moisture accumulation in glass-fiber-rich surfaces. Terminal products include subsea cable protection clamps, umbilical spacer segments, subsea junction box structural shells, and ROV grab handles. Published data for dimensional stability of this exact natural 50% glass fiber PA12 grade under long-term hydrostatic pressure is limited; qualification should therefore include component-level pressure cycling rather than relying solely on resin datasheet values.
Steam autoclave cycling at 134°C for 18 min per ISO 17665-1:2006 imposes repeated hydrolysis, condensation, and redrying on thermoplastic gear housings in pharmaceutical machinery; the 50% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 12 grade is selected only for components that remain outside the direct steam path or have short cumulative exposure. Where incidental food-contact declaration is required, the resin must be assessed against FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 nylon resin requirements and EU Regulation 10/2011 overall migration limits; for non-contact structural housings, compliance is dominated by cleanroom particulate and extractables testing rather than food-contact clearance. The formulation uses 100 wt% virgin pellet feed; regrind from validated closed-loop gating is limited to 10 wt% and must be free of cross-contamination from other resins because trace polyolefin or lubricant contamination can alter autoclave stability and particulate generation. Drying is performed at 80°C for 4–8 h to ≤0.10% residual moisture per ISO 15512:2019; external mold release agents are avoided in cleanroom production because silicone contamination can interfere with subsequent cleaning validation. Injection molding uses melt temperature 270–285°C, mold temperature 100–120°C, and holding pressure 60–80 MPa; gate location is placed on non-cosmetic ribs to minimize visible weld lines after autoclave exposure. Post-molding dimensional stabilization is achieved by annealing at 130°C for 2 h before final machining of bearing bores. Finished products include pharmaceutical machinery gear housings, tablet press structural covers, sterilization cart frames, cleanroom equipment brackets, and mechanical drive housings that require repeated steam sterilization cycles without creep deformation.
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Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nat is a polyamide 12 injection moulding compound supplied in natural, unpigmented pellet form. The designation under ISO 1874-1 is PA12-GF50, indicating a polyamide 12 matrix containing 50% by mass chopped glass fibre reinforcement. The suffix “nat” identifies the natural colourant state; “dry” indicates that the published mechanical and thermal values refer to a residual moisture content below 0.1%, not a permanent resin property. Processors preserve this condition using closed desiccant hopper systems or controlled drying cycles before plastication. Because the glass fibres are distributed throughout the PA12 matrix, the compound delivers higher tensile modulus, creep resistance, and dimensional stability than unfilled PA12. The PA12 matrix retains lower equilibrium moisture uptake than PA6 or PA66 at comparable glass loading. This combination positions the material for stiff, dimensionally sensitive components exposed to humidity cycling, road salt, or hydrocarbon fluids.
Dry-as-moulded tensile modulus for PA12-GF50 is typically in the range of 14,000–16,000 MPa when tested according to ISO 527-2:2012 at 1 mm/min. Tensile strength is typically 150–180 MPa, with elongation at break below 3%. Notched Charpy impact at 23°C is often 10–15 kJ/m², but the value depends heavily on fibre orientation and specimen preparation. After moisture conditioning, modulus declines and impact increases; the conditioned values are recommended for finite element analysis of parts in humid service. The low elongation means that snap-fit designs must be evaluated with strain-limited calculations rather than past experience with unfilled PA12.
The “dry” designation also means that mechanical data from dry-as-moulded specimens should not be directly transferred to components conditioned in hot water or humid air. PA12 absorbs moisture slowly, but a moisture shift of 0.5–1.0% is sufficient to reduce modulus and increase elongation. Conditioned values are generated using ISO 1110 accelerated conditioning at 70°C and 62% RH or by direct exposure testing under ISO 62.
The high glass content increases melt viscosity and produces a frozen layer that forms quickly at the cold cavity surface. For thin-wall components, the melt temperature is maintained between 260°C and 290°C; the lower end is applied to thick sections where residence time may be long, and the upper end is used for flow lengths exceeding 100 mm. Mould temperature is held between 80°C and 100°C. At mould temperatures below 60°C, fibre-rich surfaces and visible glass streaks near the gate may appear, and weld-line strength falls because the flow fronts do not re-entangle across the knit line. Injection speed is set to produce a continuous flow front without jetting. Too low a speed causes hesitation marks in thin ribs; too high a speed generates shear heating that can degrade the PA12 matrix if the melt temperature exceeds 300°C at the nozzle.
The melt volume-flow rate according to ISO 1133-1 at 275°C/5 kg for a PA12-GF50 grade is low; values below 10 cm³/10 min are common. This is not a free-flowing material, and thin-wall fill relies on high injection pressure and hot mould rather than low viscosity. Melt residence time is limited because glass-filled PA12 can yellow and lose tensile strength during extended thermal exposure. The recommended cumulative residence time at 260°C is below 10 min; at 290°C, it should not exceed 5 min. When interruptions exceed these limits, the barrel is purged with an unfilled PA12 or a commercial purging compound. The screw should be rotated at peripheral speeds of 0.05–0.15 m/s to avoid excessive fibre attrition. Back pressure is kept at 3–8 bar hydraulic, sufficient for melt homogeneity without causing unnecessary wear on the check ring.
Compounding of PA12-GF50 is normally carried out on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with an L/D ratio between 36:1 and 44:1. Glass fibre is added downstream from side feeders to limit fibre breakage after the PA12 is melted. The resulting fibre length distribution in the pellet influences tensile strength and Charpy impact energy; subsequent injection moulding always reduces fibre length further, so moulded component properties are lower than pellet compound properties. This difference is not a defect but a processing reality, and it is one reason datasheet values are generated from ISO 294-1 injection-moulded specimens rather than extrusion pellets.
The dry condition is maintained by drying the pellets to ≤0.1% residual moisture before melt processing. In desiccant-wheel dryers with a measured dew point of −30°C or lower, drying at 80°C for 4–8 h is usually sufficient for unopened 25 kg bags. Material that has been open for more than 4 h in ambient conditions above 60% RH requires 10–12 h drying. A hopper dryer alone is not sufficient for wet regrind, because the dew point of ambient air is too high to drive the moisture content below 0.1%. Residual moisture above 0.15% leads to surface splay, internal voids, and hydrolytic molecular-weight loss during plastication.
Overdrying at temperatures above 100°C causes yellowing of the natural compound and can shift melt viscosity. The pellets should not be exposed to dry-air temperatures above 110°C for more than 2 h. Hopper residence time in uninsulated equipment should be limited to 30 min when ambient humidity is high; an insulated hopper with a dry-air purge extends this to 2 h. Regrind from sprues and runners may be incorporated at 20–30% by mass, but the regrind must be ground with sharp granulator knives to minimise fines. Fines and dust from glass fibres alter feeding behaviour and increase visible surface defects.
When a component must maintain an interference fit across seasonal humidity changes, PA12-GF50 is often selected over PA6-GF50 and PA66-GF50. Under ISO 62, unfilled PA12 absorbs approximately 1.5% water at saturation, while unfilled PA6 can exceed 9% and PA66 8%; the glass-reinforced grades follow the same matrix ranking but at lower absolute values because glass does not absorb moisture. The practical result is that PA12-GF50 exhibits less hygroscopic expansion, less modulus loss, and less stress relaxation when conditioned to equilibrium in humid air. This is important in press-fit bushings, pump housings, and fluid connectors where swelling can close clearances or reduce preload. The trade-off is thermal: the dry heat deflection temperature of PA12-GF50 under ISO 75-1/2 method A at 1.8 MPa is lower than that of PA66-GF50, so continuous under-bonnet use above 120°C requires a different resin selection.
The difference in processing shrinkage between PA12-GF50 and unfilled PA12 is also significant. The glass fibres constrain matrix shrinkage, reducing linear mould shrinkage from roughly 1.0–1.5% for unfilled PA12 to 0.1–0.3% parallel and 0.4–0.8% perpendicular to flow in a 2 mm plaque. Shrinkage anisotropy caused by fibre orientation is greater in the GF50 grade, and that creates warpage in flat parts with uneven wall thickness or asymmetric gating. Tool design therefore includes flow-leader features, optimised gate positions, and sometimes conformal cooling to reduce non-uniform solidification.
Injection units with screw diameters from 22 mm to 40 mm and L/D ratios of 18:1 to 22:1 are appropriate for general components, provided the screw has a compression ratio of 2:1 to 2.5:1 and a mixing section. A standard general-purpose screw may provide excessive shear and degrade the PA12 matrix; a low-shear polyolefin screw is not suitable because insufficient melting produces unmelted glass-rich domains. The check ring and screw tip are specified in hardened steel or bimetallic construction. Standard nitrided surfaces are subject to clearance loss from glass fibre abrasion, and a worn check ring causes erratic shot weight and reduced packing pressure at the gate. Maintenance intervals for the non-return valve are often shorter than for unfilled PA12, with inspection recommended after 50,000 to 100,000 shots depending on screw speed and back pressure.
Clamp force planning uses a projected-area factor of 7–10 kN/cm² for technical parts with wall thickness above 2 mm. Thin-wall parts with long flow paths may require 12 kN/cm² or more because higher injection pressure is needed to fill before the glass-filled melt freezes. Packing pressure is applied at 60–80% of the peak injection pressure and held until gate freeze. For a 2 mm wall with a 90°C mould, gate freeze occurs in approximately 3–5 s. Removing packing pressure before gate freeze causes sink marks and internal voids. Vents are cut to a depth of 0.01–0.02 mm and a width of 5–10 mm to remove air and volatile by-products; deep vents flash with the low-viscosity PA12 skin.
In dry-as-moulded tests, PA12-GF50 may show lower tensile strength and HDT than a PA6-GF50 or PA66-GF50 tested under the same conditions. The chosen material depends on the service environment. PA6-GF50 provides a higher dry HDT and lower raw-material cost, but it absorbs more moisture, loses stiffness after conditioning, and expands more in wet environments. PA66-GF50 offers higher HDT, but its processing requires higher melt temperatures and it is more sensitive to hydrolysis in coolant media under pressure. PA12-GF50 provides lower equilibrium water absorption, better retention of stiffness in humid service, and higher resistance to zinc chloride solutions commonly used in automotive coolant and road-salt testing. This is why the grade appears in fluid connectors, coupling sleeves, pump bodies, and cable protection conduits rather than in high-temperature engine covers or manifolds. Chemical resistance is evaluated by immersion according to ISO 175; for specific fuel blends and coolant formulations, component-level testing remains mandatory.
The low-temperature performance of PA12 also differs from PA6 and PA66. PA12 retains better flexibility below 0°C than PA6 or PA66 at the same glass content, which is relevant for clips, quick connectors, and conduits exposed to cold impact. The glass fibre reinforcement raises the modulus at all temperatures, so the GF50 grade is not a flexible grade, but the PA12 matrix reduces brittle failure compared with higher glass transition polyamides. This balance supports applications in compressed-air systems operating from −40°C to 80°C, where repeated pressure pulses can initiate cracks at knit lines if the matrix lacks sufficient ductility.
In practical moulding trials, the major processing risks with Grilamid TRVX-50X9 nat are moisture reabsorption, fibre attrition in the screw, and weld-line weakness in complex geometries. These risks are addressed through controlled drying, low-shear plastication, and higher mould temperatures. Tooling trials commonly include spiral-flow specimens, weld-line tensile bars, and moisture-conditioned plaques to establish the processing window for a given cavity geometry. The use of ISO 294-1 specimen preparation and ISO 527-2:2012 tensile testing provides a common basis for comparing incoming lots and regrind blends. Lot-to-lot variation in glass fibre length distribution can shift notched Charpy impact values by 10–20%, so impact specimens are taken from first and last shots in a production run.
Published property data for this specific grade should be taken from the current EMS-Grivory technical datasheet and processing guide, because the dry-as-moulded property profile is sensitive to specimen thickness, gate type, and moisture content at test. For continuous service in hot air, hot oil, or water-glycol mixtures, the operating temperature limit must be validated under the relevant OEM test standard, which may include environmental stress-cracking resistance, burst pressure, and thermal ageing. The material can be laser marked in natural colour, but contrast may be lower than in black or coloured grades; if marking is required, trials should be conducted on textured and smooth surfaces.
