| HS Code | 987608 |
| Density | 1.06 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.9% |
| Tensile Strength Conditioned | 55 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 50% |
| Flexural Modulus Conditioned | 1400 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C Conditioned | 12 kJ/m² |
| Izod Impact Strength Notched 23 C Conditioned | 10 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 90 °C |
| Melting Point | 190 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 155 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 140 °C |
| Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion | 0.8e-4 /°C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 TL Nylon 12, Impact Modified, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Grilamid TR 90 TL nylon 12 resin supplied as conditioned pellets in sealed 25 kg moisture-barrier bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 TL Nylon 12 pellets in a 20′ FCL, palletized, moisture-protected, securely braced, ventilated, and shielded from heat and humidity. |
| Shipping | Ship EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 TL (impact-modified, conditioned nylon 12) in sealed, moisture-barrier bags or drums. Protect from humidity and direct sunlight. Store at ambient temperature, avoiding extreme heat. Handle with care to prevent pellet degradation and contamination. Ensure proper labeling for resin transport. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid TR 90 TL in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and ignition hazards. Protect from moisture and humidity, as nylon absorbs water. Keep containers sealed when not in use to prevent contamination. Use dry handling equipment. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is stable for years when stored cool, dry, and protected from UV; re-dry before processing. |
In optical frame production, Grilamid TR 90 TL nylon 12 is dried in a desiccant-wheel dryer with a return-air dew point below -30°C at 80°C for 4 h to 6 h before feeding to an injection unit with an L/D ratio of 20:1 to 24:1 and a check-ring non-return valve. Melt temperature is maintained from 240°C to 280°C, while the mould surface temperature is controlled between 60°C and 90°C to reduce flow-induced birefringence in the transparent front section. Screw back pressure is set at 3 MPa to 6 MPa with decompression of 2 mm to 4 mm before hold. Holding pressure is profiled from 70 MPa to 90 MPa for the first 2 s to 4 s, then reduced to 30 MPa for gate-seal compensation, using a valve-gated hot runner to eliminate stringing and jetting at the bridge. Post-mould annealing is carried out at 85°C for 8 h under nitrogen to relieve frozen-in stress at hinge pin bosses; parts are then conditioned to equilibrium at 23°C and 50% RH per ISO 291. Mechanical stability of the finished frame is evaluated according to ISO 12870:2016, specifically the repeated opening/closing and bridge deformation tests, while lens retention is checked by inserting mineral glass lenses with an edge thickness of 1.8 mm to 2.2 mm at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min; retention force below 20 N after 500 cycles is rejected. The hinge screw boss is designed with an outer diameter-to-screw diameter ratio of at least 2.5:1, and the hinge is cycled 20,000 times under a 0.5 N·m torque; notched Charpy impact on specimens cut from the temple arm remains no-break at 23°C under ISO 179/1eA, preventing hinge fracture during adjustment by opticians.
In portable diagnostic housings produced from the same conditioned polyamide, the acceptance criterion is retention of tensile elongation after immersion in 70% isopropanol for 30 min per day over 90 cycles. Coupons are die-cut from injection-moulded plaques, then tested per ISO 527-2 type 1BA; if elongation at break falls below 50% of the conditioned baseline after chemical exposure, the housing design is altered to reduce moulded-in stress rather than substituting material. Quaternary ammonium disinfectants based on 0.5% benzalkonium chloride create a different failure mode: surface microcracking initiates at weld lines when the housing is clamped with a torque above 0.3 N·m. For this reason, ultrasonic welding is preferred over threaded fasteners in high-exposure zones, and weld joint design uses a shear-joint land width of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Ethylene oxide sterilization at 55°C and 1.2 bar for 4 h is tolerated without significant yellowing, while hydrogen peroxide gas plasma at 45°C produces lower residual stress relaxation than autoclaving above 121°C. Biocompatibility must be assessed on the finished device under ISO 10993-1; raw material certification alone is not sufficient, and published raw-material data for repeated liquid chemical sterilization of this specific grade is limited.
Where a door-harness clip must survive insertion with an assembly load below 35 N and removal above 80 N after heat aging at 85°C and 95% RH for 1,000 h, the conditioned impact modification prevents the brittle failure that occurs with unmodified transparent nylons. Injection is performed on a 1,500 kN hydraulic clamp machine with a two-plate tool and three-plate hot runner; the gate is placed on the non-appearance back face to avoid stress concentration at the pawl. Snap-fit design uses a root radius of at least 0.5 mm and a retention-latch draft angle of 1.5° per side, with strain during deflection held below 2.5% to remain inside the material's long-term creep envelope. Moulded clips are conditioned at 23°C and 50% RH for 48 h before insertion-force testing on a ZwickRoell tensile machine at 100 mm/min. Retention is re-tested after thermal cycling from -40°C to 85°C over 200 cycles per ISO 16750-4; clips that exhibit white stress marks at the gate are removed by vision inspection using a ring-light camera at a threshold of 10% grayscale variation.
| Downstream sector | Test standard | Measured threshold | Process control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Optical frames | ISO 12870:2016 | Hinge cycling 20,000 cycles at 0.5 N·m; lens retention > 20 N | Annealing 85°C, 8 h; melt 240–280°C |
| Diagnostic housings | ISO 527-2 type 1BA | Elongation retention > 50% after 90 disinfection cycles | Ultrasonic shear joint 0.3–0.5 mm |
| Harness clips | ISO 16750-4 | Insertion < 35 N, retention > 80 N after 1,000 h aging | Snap-fit strain < 2.5%; root radius 0.5 mm |
| Pneumatic tubing | ISO 6803:2017 | Burst > 1.0 MPa; Charpy at -20°C > 12 kJ/m² | Moisture < 0.08% before extrusion; OD ±0.05 mm |
| Fragrance closures | ASTM D5276-19 | Drop 1.0 m at -10°C; removal torque < 2.0 N·m | Capping torque 0.8–1.2 N·m; thread root radius 0.3 mm |
When extruded into transparent pneumatic tubing for compressed-air lines in cold storage, the impact-modified nylon is dried to below 0.08% moisture before single-screw extrusion with a barrier screw of 25:1 L/D and a grooved feed section. The barrel profile is set from 230°C at the feed zone to 250°C at the die, and the melt is passed through a 60 mesh screen pack. Outside diameter tolerance is maintained at ±0.05 mm by a laser micrometer controlling the vacuum sizing tank pressure at 0.02 MPa to 0.04 MPa. Tubing is conditioned to equilibrium moisture at 23°C and 50% RH before burst testing; the minimum burst pressure for 8 mm × 6 mm tubing is documented above 1.0 MPa, while the stated service pressure is 0.4 MPa at 60°C. Pulsation testing at 0.4 MPa and 5 Hz for 1 × 10⁶ cycles is performed according to ISO 6803:2017; the failure criterion is visible leakage at the push-in fitting interface, not ballooning. At -20°C, tubing cut from finished coils is impacted per ISO 179/1eA; the conditioned value remains above 12 kJ/m², while dry-as-moulded material drops below 8 kJ/m², which confirms that moisture conditioning is operationally necessary before installation in refrigerated trailers.
After the transparent closure is injection-moulded from the conditioned polyamide, the threaded component is in continuous contact with 95% ethanol, d-limonene, and diethyl phthalate, which are absorbed into the transparent polyamide and can reduce tensile strength if the closure is moulded with sharp thread radii. Threaded closures are injection-moulded on a 1,000 kN electric machine with a 24-cavity cold-runner tool, using a screw recovery delay of 2 s to avoid splay. The thread profile is a buttress thread with a root radius of 0.3 mm and a pitch of 2.0 mm; capping torque is set at 0.8 N·m to 1.2 N·m, and removal torque after 24 h at 45°C is not to exceed 2.0 N·m. Environmental stress cracking is evaluated with the closure screwed onto a glass bottle containing 50% ethanol and 5% limonene, held at 40°C for 14 days; any crack visible under 10× magnification at the thread root is recorded as a failure. Drop testing is performed per ASTM D5276-19 from 1.0 m onto a steel plate at -10°C; the closure must survive 10 drops without separation. For cosmetic-contact service, compliance is confirmed to Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, and where food-contact declarations are sought for outer caps that may contact the bottle mouth, FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 is used as a reference for nylon resins; specific migration testing is done on the finished article, not the raw pellets.
For sports eyewear with interchangeable lenses, the material is selected because the conditioned Charpy notched impact at 23°C remains no-break per ISO 179/1eA, and at -30°C the reduction is limited relative to unmodified transparent polyamides. The frame is moulded on a 1,200 kN electric toggle press with sequential valve gating to merge flow fronts at the nasal bridge without a visible weld line. Lens interchange requires a snap-fit undercut of 0.7 mm to 1.0 mm; insertion force is controlled between 15 N and 25 N by adjusting gate thickness and the undercut entry angle to 30°. After moulding, frames are annealed at 80°C for 6 h and conditioned for 72 h at 23°C and 50% RH per ISO 291 before low-temperature lens insertion. Impact resistance of the complete frame is assessed with a falling-mass impact test at -10°C, using a 2 kg striker with a 20 mm hemispherical tip from 0.3 m; failure is defined as any crack extending beyond 2 mm from the impact point. Protective eyewear assemblies are additionally tested under ASTM F803-19 for high-mass and high-velocity impact resistance and lens retention; raw-material Charpy data cannot substitute for finished-assembly certification.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 TL is an impact-modified transparent polyamide 12 injection-moulding grade. The designation “TL” identifies the toughened formulation within the TR 90 series, while the descriptor “Conditioned” in the supplied data state indicates that mechanical values are reported after moisture equilibration at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity in accordance with ISO 1110. In the conditioned state, absorbed water reduces interchain hydrogen bonding within the amide segments, lowering tensile stiffness and yield stress while raising notched impact energy and elongation. The grade is specified for thin-wall transparent technical parts such as optical frames, sports goggle frames, transparent snap-fit housings, and clips that require ductile failure behaviour. Compared with a semicrystalline PA12 homopolymer, the TR 90 backbone is formulated for optical clarity; compared with a standard transparent copolyamide, the TL variant contains a discrete impact-modifier phase that raises notched impact capacity and low-temperature ductility.
The dry-as-moulded density is 1.00 g/cm³ per ISO 1183. At equilibrium at 23 °C and 50 % RH, the absorbed water content of a PA12-based transparent grade is expected to remain below 1.0 %; exact readings are thickness-dependent and are provided in the current EMS-GRIVORY technical datasheet. Mould shrinkage in flow direction is typically 0.4 % to 0.7 %, with transverse shrinkage 0.5 % to 0.8 % depending on wall thickness, mould temperature, and packing pressure. These values are planning references, not specification limits, and must be confirmed on the target tool geometry.
Under tensile loading according to ISO 527-1/-2, the dry-as-moulded tensile modulus of Grilamid TR 90 TL is approximately 1600 MPa, while the conditioned modulus falls to approximately 1300 MPa. Yield stress shifts from around 45 MPa dry to 40 MPa conditioned. Elongation at break remains above 50 % in both states for the representative grade, with the toughened morphology maintaining ductility at reduced moisture levels. The modulus reduction in the conditioned state is a water-induced plasticization effect, not a degradation process, and it is reversible with re-drying. Charpy notched impact testing per ISO 179/1eA shows a dry value near 25 kJ/m² and a conditioned value near 40 kJ/m². These figures are typical values from EMS-GRIVORY technical literature, not specification limits. The TL formulation’s impact-modifier domain is the principal source of divergence from unmodified TR 90: the modified grade raises low-temperature notched impact and decreases crack propagation sensitivity, while tensile stiffness may be slightly lower than a non-toughened transparent polyamide.
| Property | Test standard | Dry-as-moulded | Conditioned |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183 | 1.00 g/cm³ | 1.00 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1600 MPa | 1300 MPa |
| Yield stress | ISO 527-1/-2 | 45 MPa | 40 MPa |
| Nominal strain at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | >50 % | >50 % |
| Charpy notched impact strength | ISO 179/1eA | 25 kJ/m² | 40 kJ/m² |
The practical consequence of the dry-to-conditioned modulus shift is that snap-fit insertion and retention forces are not constant from laboratory to field. For a rectangular cantilever snap beam of thickness 2 mm and width 10 mm, a dry flexural modulus of roughly 1600 MPa produces a higher insertion force than the conditioned value of roughly 1300 MPa; the magnitude of the force reduction depends on beam length and deflection. Parts validated in an air-conditioned laboratory without ISO 1110 conditioning may shift retention force after storage in humid environments. Conditioning test specimens per ISO 1110 before assembly testing is therefore part of the specification workflow.
Injection moulding of Grilamid TR 90 TL on conventional three-zone screws with an L/D of 20:1 to 25:1 and a compression ratio near 2.5:1 is performed with a barrel profile from 240 °C in the feed zone to 280 °C at the nozzle. Pre-drying in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4 h to 6 h to a residual moisture content below 0.10 % is required before processing; insufficient drying produces splay and visible bubbles in thick sections. Mould temperatures from 60 °C to 80 °C are used to preserve surface transparency and reduce frozen-in orientation. Excessively low mould temperatures below 50 °C can generate surface haze and reduced impact response; published data for this specific configuration is limited, but production observations indicate that low mould temperature and high injection velocity interact to produce stress whitening in gate regions.
Hot-runner systems with externally heated manifolds and open nozzle tips are preferred over cold runners for high-volume eyewear moulds because cold-runner recyclate increases the risk of optical contamination and residence-time degradation. On a 25 mm screw, shot weight is typically controlled between 30 % and 70 % of barrel capacity. Clamp force is calculated from the projected area using a cavity pressure of 30 MPa to 60 MPa; for a multi-cavity eyewear tool with a total projected area of 200 cm², this corresponds to a clamp requirement near 60 t to 120 t. These figures are process-planning references and should be adjusted with cavity-pressure transducer data.
Residence time at melt temperatures above 280 °C should be minimized because the impact-modifier phase can undergo oxidative degradation and the polyamide matrix can yellow. Recycled material is restricted to clean sprues and runners; contaminated recyclate introduces nucleation sites that produce optical haze and surface defects. Pre-drying is not optional when ambient relative humidity exceeds 60 %; moisture above 0.10 % can promote hydrolysis at processing temperature, reducing molecular weight and notched impact. If a hot-runner valve gate is used, needle sequencing is adjusted to avoid high shear at the gate; excessive shear produces gate blush and localized stress whitening in transparent sections.
In optical-frame production, the material is often overmoulded onto metal cores or hinged components. Adhesion to metal hinges is mechanical through geometry rather than a chemical bond; surface preparation of metal inserts may be required. Mould release from polished cavities is dependent on draft angles; transparent polyamide can adhere to high-gloss surfaces if the mould is too hot or pack pressure is excessive. Ejector marks, gate vestiges, and weld lines are more visible in transparent parts; weld-line location is moved by changing gate location or injection sequencing.
The impact-modifier phase in Grilamid TR 90 TL is selected to maintain refractive-index compatibility with the polyamide matrix, but optical transmission is not identical to a non-toughened transparent grade. Total luminous transmittance measured on 2 mm plaques per ISO 13468 is typically greater than 90 %, with haze controlled by mould polishing and gate geometry; low mould temperatures and contaminated hot runners reduce clarity more than the impact modifier itself. In outdoor eyewear applications, UV exposure is managed by lens coatings rather than the polymer alone. The grade’s resistance to non-polar oils, fuels, and plasticizers is consistent with its PA12 character, while strong acids, oxidizing agents, and polar solvents require compatibility testing per ISO 175.
Moisture uptake at equilibrium reduces heat deflection temperature relative to dry parts. ISO 75-1/-2 HDT/A at 1.8 MPa is approximately 90 °C dry and lower after conditioning. Continuous use above this range in load-bearing transparent components is not recommended. Against polycarbonate, Grilamid TR 90 TL shows lower hardness and may exhibit lower scratch resistance, but it offers improved resistance to environmental stress cracking in contact with sebum, cosmetic esters, and certain plasticizers. Against a non-impact-modified transparent polyamide, the TL grade raises notched Charpy values and reduces notch sensitivity at the cost of slight tensile modulus reduction. Against a standard semicrystalline PA12, the transparent grade shows lower crystallinity-related shrinkage anisotropy and higher optical clarity, but its heat deflection temperature under load is not as high as glass-filled or semi-aromatic polyamide grades.
Dimensional change after conditioning is not negligible for close-tolerance snap fits. A part conditioned at 50 % RH absorbs moisture and undergoes small but measurable expansion; the coefficient of hygroscopic expansion is not a fixed material constant because it depends on the wall thickness and local moisture gradient. For assemblies with interference fits, the dry-to-conditioned modulus reduction from approximately 1600 MPa to 1300 MPa should be considered in snap-fit force calculations. Sudden removal from conditioned storage to dry conditions can shift retention force; validation should include parts conditioned per ISO 1110 and tested according to the assembly-specific insertion force protocol.
Compliance claims are valid only against the current EMS-GRIVORY safety data sheet and product declaration. Regulatory status may vary by colour, lot, and region. The table below lists selected verification points.
| Requirement | Standard or regulation | Verification basis |
|---|---|---|
| RoHS restricted substances | EU 2011/65/EU as recast | Current EMS-GRIVORY declaration; lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBB and PBDE below directive limits |
| REACH SVHC | Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | No SVHC above 0.1 wt % in declared articles per current safety data sheet |
| Food contact suitability | FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 or EU 10/2011 | Verify specific grade, colour, and condition with manufacturer |
| Water absorption test | ISO 62 | Supplier lot certificate |
Replacing a polycarbonate spectacle frame component with Grilamid TR 90 TL changes the machining and decorating route. Polycarbonate may be solvent-polished or coated after moulding, while the PA12 chemistry requires surface treatment before adhesion of certain lacquers and UV-cured coatings. Adhesion tests should follow ISO 2409 cross-cut or ASTM D3359 tape test on surface-treated samples. Laser marking and pad printing also require grade-specific ink systems; general-purpose inks may not adhere to conditioned PA12 surfaces. Transparent clips used in sports equipment benefit from the TL grade’s low-temperature ductility. Stressed transitions should maintain radii above 0.5 mm, and gates should be located away from high-tensile areas because field failures of snap-fit clips are often initiated at gate vestiges or sharp internal radii.
For load-bearing transparent covers exposed to hot air above 80 °C, the combination of moisture release and modulus reduction may produce creep under constant load; published data for this specific configuration is limited. The operational boundary should be established by creep testing per ISO 899-1 at the maximum service temperature and moisture state. Strong acids, oxidizing agents, and amine-containing compatibilizers are not recommended without specific compatibility testing per ISO 175.
