| HS Code | 387498 |
| Density | 1.03 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus | 1800 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 65 MPa |
| Elongation At Yield | 4 % |
| Elongation At Break | 90 % |
| Flexural Modulus | 1800 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched 23 C | 10 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 120 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 60 °C |
| Melting Temperature | 200 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 155 °C |
| Water Absorption 24 H | 0.3 % |
| Light Transmission | 90 % |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry is supplied in 25 kg moisture-proof, sealed polyethylene-lined bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL containing palletized, sealed bags of EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, dry, secured for safe transport. |
| Shipping | EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12 (dry) ships as thermoplastic granules in sealed moisture-barrier bags or drums. Store in a cool, dry area to prevent moisture absorption. Avoid prolonged exposure to heat or humidity. Standard ground freight is suitable; keep containers intact to protect product quality. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, which can degrade the material. Avoid exposure to UV radiation and extreme temperature fluctuations. Ideal storage temperature is below 50°C (122°F), with low humidity. Reseal partially used bags promptly to maintain the dry condition. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 10 years when stored unopened, dry, and cool in original sealed packaging. |
Injection moulding of transparent ophthalmic frame fronts from EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry normally begins with dehumidifying drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h until residual moisture falls below 0.10 wt%, because undried PA12 at the hopper produces splay and loss of inter-laminar bond at the lens-routing groove. The compound is processed as a balanced blend of 100 parts virgin TR 90 LXS, 0.5–2.0 parts encapsulated colour masterbatch, 0.05–0.20 wt% internal mould release, and clean in-house regrind limited to 15 wt% of total shot weight; higher regrind fractions above 15 wt% have been associated with haze increase at the temple hinge boss after 30 min residence time during interrupted production shifts. The downstream conversion line normally employs a dehumidifying hopper dryer with dew point at or below −30 °C, an injection unit with 20:1 to 25:1 three-zone screw, and a valve-gated hot runner with manifold temperature held between 250 °C and 280 °C. Barrel temperatures are kept in the 245–270 °C band, mould temperature is held at 60–80 °C, and holding pressure is maintained at 60–80 MPa with injection speed throttled to prevent jetting in rim sections thinner than 1.2 mm. After cooling, gate vestiges are removed by precision trimming or cryogenic deflashing, followed by barrel tumbling with ceramic media to retain polished surfaces before hinge insertion. Finished ophthalmic goods produced from this runway include prescription frame fronts, rimmed and rimless optical mounts, ski goggle frames, and sports protective shields; these items are assessed against ISO 12870:2021, ISO 18527-1:2022, REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. The LXS stabilisation is relevant for sport eyewear exposed to repeated UV irradiation, but colour and lens-mount adhesive validation remains application-specific.
In ISO 10993-1:2018 compliant device programmes, unfilled EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry is processed at a formulation addition ratio of 100 wt% virgin resin, with 0.1–0.5 wt% colourant masterbatch and no regrind, because a second heat history alters the leachables profile and invalidates existing extraction data under ISO 10993-5:2009 and ISO 10993-10:2010. Dehumidifying drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h to below 0.10 wt% moisture is followed by injection moulding in an ISO 14644-1:2015 class ISO 8 cleanroom with barrel temperatures between 235 °C and 265 °C, mould temperature held at 60–80 °C, and back pressure set to 2–5 MPa for homogenisation. A reduced screw speed of 80–120 rpm and a medium injection velocity avoid shear-induced degradation and floating-out of the colourant. Terminal parts from this production route include inhaler actuator windows, valve inspection caps, diagnostic optical windows, and luer access windows; device-level biocompatibility is verified under ISO 10993-1:2018 with cytocompatibility, sensitisation, and irritation endpoints supported by USP 88 Class VI bio-reactivity data. If laser transmission welding is used to join the transparent window to an opaque body, the colourant package is selected to maintain adequate transmission in the 940 nm band while the mating component contains a laser-absorbing additive. The relevant constraint is that steam autoclave cycles at 121 °C may produce reversible moisture haze; if steam sterilisation is required, the final part thickness and conditioning sequence must be validated for optical recovery.
Automotive interior optical components produced from EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry are generally formulated at 100 parts virgin resin, 0.5–2.0 parts black or coloured masterbatch, and visible-surface regrind limited to 10 wt%; UV stabiliser addition is not required because the LXS chemical package provides the light-stabilised base. The injection moulding line uses a closed-loop barrel profile between 250 °C and 275 °C, a mould temperature of 70–90 °C, and vent depths of 0.015–0.025 mm to discharge volatiles without flash. Gate location is placed away from visible window centre lines to avoid flow-mark formation in polished optical areas. Relevant compliance benchmarks are IATF 16949:2016 for production part approval, ISO 3795:1989 and FMVSS 302 for horizontal burn rate, VDA 278 for thermal desorption VOC and fogging, plus REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. Terminal component classes include climate-control display lenses, gear-selector indicator windows, badge lenses, and ambient light diffusers. Published fogging data for this specific grade is limited; OEM validation therefore relies on VDA 278 testing of the moulded part with corrective formulation changes to low-volatility masterbatch carriers. The process window is most sensitive to residence time, as prolonged hold above 270 °C during upstream line stoppages increases yellowing in transparent sections.
Colour masterbatch concentrates for transparent fragrance caps and lipstick cases are metered at 1.0–3.0 wt% into the main resin feed, with 100 parts EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry forming the unpigmented carrier stream. Regrind from cold-runner sprues and rejected parts is allowed at 10–20 wt% only when the ground stock is dust-extracted and humidity-controlled, while internal mould release is kept at or below 0.2 wt% because higher stearate levels contribute to environmental stress cracking when assembled caps are wetted with ethanol-based fragrance formulations. The conversion route uses a polished S136 or 420 stainless tool with diamond-polished cavity surfaces at roughness below 0.025 µm Ra, a barrel temperature profile of 230–255 °C, mould temperature of 60–80 °C, and clamp force selected for multi-cavity layouts with balanced flow lengths. Pre-drying of colour masterbatch at 60 °C for 2 h is applied when ambient relative humidity exceeds 60% to prevent streaking in tinted closures. Terminal articles include fragrance bottle caps, lipstick tubes, compact cases, and cream jar closures; compliance is routinely assessed against EC 1223/2009 for cosmetic contact safety, EU Directive 94/62/EC for packaging recovery, REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. The critical operational boundary is not the moulding temperature but the ancillary release-agent loading and regrind odour control, as odorous low-molecular-weight oxidation products from over-dried regrind can transfer into fragrance-containing closures.
When a two-shot process is used, the TR 90 LXS first shot is blended at 100 wt% virgin base, 0.3–1.5 wt% colour masterbatch, and 10 wt% maximum regrind; the first-shot barrel is held at 245–270 °C, the mould is thermostated at 60–80 °C, and the injection rate is reduced in the gate area to avoid surface shear heating that otherwise appears as flow lines at the acoustic port. The second-shot elastomer, typically a TPE or silicone rubber, is introduced at 180–220 °C on a two-shot injection unit with 22:1 L/D screw and independent hot-runner circuits. Adhesion between the PA12 substrate and the overmoulded seal is sensitive to surface contamination; therefore, the first-shot surface must not be coated with internal release agents above 0.1 wt%, and if cleaned, isopropanol is used before the second shot. Terminal products produced through this route include ear-cup structural frames, headband arms, smartwatch bezels, and wearable sensor housings; material compliance is evaluated under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, and EN 1811:2023 where metal inserts or decorative plating are integrated. Because skin-contact wearable components are subjected to sweat and cosmetic residues, the specified grade offers useful resistance, but prolonged immersion in glycol-based sunscreens should be tested according to the final geometry and elastomer combination. The reject rate in production is usually concentrated at the gate-to-elastomer transition if holding pressure exceeds 80 MPa and creates microcracks at the junction.
Selection of unfilled EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry for industrial sight-glass applications is constrained by the requirement to maintain optical clarity in contact with fatty acids, process oils, and repeated clean-in-place media. The formulation is 100 wt% virgin resin, with fibre reinforcement excluded, tint masterbatch at 0.1–0.5 wt% for selective wavelength filtering, and regrind set to 0 wt% for pressure-retaining components. Direct injection moulding is performed at 245–275 °C melt and 70–90 °C mould temperature using an unfilled general-purpose screw with 20:1 L/D and low back pressure of 1–3 MPa; alternatively, heavy-section sight discs are machined from annealed extruded plate. After moulding or machining, the part is annealed at 80 °C for 4 h and cooled at or below 20 °C/h to reduce internal stress before threading into housing bosses. Applicable standards include FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for polyamide resins in repeated food-contact use, EU 10/2011 for migration verification, and REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for SVHC reporting. Terminal parts include sanitary fitting sight tubes, pump filter bowls, tank level indicator windows, and oil circulation visual inspection ports. The operational boundary is specific: continuous contact with strong oxidising acids or phenols and media with high alcohol content may cause swelling in excess of 1% at temperatures above 60 °C, and thread assemblies should not be torqued above the value validated for PA12 creep relaxation.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid TR 90 LXS Nylon 12, Dry is an amorphous transparent polyamide 12 injection-moulding grade supplied in controlled low-moisture packaging. The TR-series backbone suppresses PA12 crystallisation through cycloaliphatic comonomer incorporation; differential scanning calorimetry according to ISO 11357-1/-3 on dry samples therefore shows no distinct melting endotherm below 250 °C. The LXS suffix identifies a lubricated, mould-release-modified variant, while the Dry label denotes low residual moisture at packaging rather than a permanent material state. End-use selection typically targets parts requiring optical clarity, hydrocarbon resistance, stress-crack resistance, and dimensional precision in the same component. The PA12 backbone contains a lower amide-group density than PA6 or PA66, which reduces equilibrium moisture uptake; at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity, PA12 absorbs about 1.4 % water by mass when tested to ISO 62. Dry-as-moulded tensile, flexural, and impact values are generated under ISO 291 conditioning and tested according to ISO 527-1/-2, ISO 178, and ISO 179-1/1eA. Transmittance and haze are commonly measured on polished plaques by ISO 13468 and ISO 14782, respectively. Because the material is amorphous, unfilled mould shrinkage is lower and less anisotropic than that of semicrystalline PA12; actual shrinkage must be confirmed on a trial tool because gate geometry, wall thickness, and rib layout exercise first-order influence. Current EMS-Grivory technical data sheets, not generic polyamide 12 literature, should govern design decisions.
Moisture management is the primary process boundary for any polyamide 12, and the Dry label describes a packaging condition rather than a permanent material property. At 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity, conditional equilibrium moisture content for amorphous polyamide 12 is approximately 1.4 % by mass when tested to ISO 62; exposure to higher humidity drives this value upward. The resin should be dried in a desiccant dryer with a dew point of at most -30 °C, at 80 °C for 4 h to 8 h, until the residual moisture by ISO 15512 is below 0.10 %. Drying at elevated temperature longer than 8 h may induce yellowing or additive migration in transparent grades, and hopper residence time should be matched to consumption rate. If a bag is opened for more than 4 h in ambient air above 60 % relative humidity, re-drying is required. Processing with residual moisture above the specified limit can cause hydrolysis-induced molecular weight reduction in the barrel, splay silver streaking in the gate area, and batch-to-batch variation in melt viscosity. In closed-loop production, a hopper dryer with -40 °C dew-point capability and a moisture verification protocol is preferred over hot-air ovens, because hot-air ovens cannot reduce moisture to the same level under high-humidity plant conditions. Dry-as-moulded tensile modulus, yield stress, and notched impact values are the relevant reference points for structural design; conditioned values must be used for parts in high-humidity service.
On production-scale injection moulding machines, transparent amorphous polyamide 12 grades are typically processed with a general-purpose screw of 20:1 to 25:1 L/D ratio, low-compression or checked-tip geometry, and a barrel-temperature profile from 230 °C to 260 °C; the exact profile depends on part mass, flow length, and hot-runner design. Mould temperature is maintained between 40 °C and 80 °C using water or pressurised-water temperature-control units; higher mould temperatures within this range reduce frozen-in orientation and improve transparency in thick sections, while lower mould temperatures may reduce cycle time but increase stress birefringence and risk of sink marks. Back pressure of 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa and screw peripheral speed below 0.3 m/s are common starting values; excessive shear can raise melt temperature locally and produce yellowing, black specks, or gate blush in transparent parts. For multi-cavity hot-runner tools, manifold and nozzle setpoints should not exceed the recommended upper barrel limit by more than 10 °C, and residence time at melt temperature should be kept below 10 min; extended residence time in a hot runner can generate degradation products that deposit on cold mould surfaces as plate-out. Venting depth of 0.02 mm to 0.03 mm is typical for thin-wall amorphous PA12; insufficient venting causes gas burns and loss of transparency at flow-meeting lines. The LXS lubricant package aids mould release in deep-draw and textured tools, but external mould-release sprays can still interfere with optical surface quality and welding behaviour. Valve gates, rather than open sprue bushes, improve gate-break aesthetics in transparent high-flow polyamide grades. Melt volume-flow rate is reported in the technical datasheet under ISO 1133-1; comparisons between grades should be made at identical temperature and load, commonly 275 °C and 5 kg for this polymer family.
| Parameter | Suggested range or value | Measurement or equipment basis |
|---|---|---|
| Residual moisture after drying | < 0.10 % | ISO 15512 Karl Fischer |
| Drying temperature | 80 °C ± 5 °C | Desiccant dryer, dew point ≤ -30 °C |
| Drying time | 4 h–8 h | Until moisture target is reached |
| Barrel temperature | 230 °C–260 °C | Injection moulding machine thermocouples |
| Mould temperature | 40 °C–80 °C | Water or pressurised-water temperature-control unit |
| Back pressure | 0.5 MPa–1.5 MPa | Servo or hydraulic injection unit |
| Screw L/D ratio | 20:1–25:1 | General-purpose screw with check ring |
| Hot-runner residence time | < 10 min | Hot-runner manifold and nozzle setpoint control |
Tool design for transparent amorphous PA12 demands balanced filling, uniform cooling, and adequate venting to preserve optical isotropy. Draft angles of 0.5 ° to 1.0 ° per side are common for polished cavities, while textured surfaces require larger draft. Gate sizing should maintain shear rates below the threshold at which melt fracture and gate blush appear; in thin-wall parts, side gates and fan gates are preferred over pinpoint gates when optical distortion in the gate area is unacceptable. Weld lines in transparent grades act as stress-concentration zones and visible optical defects; their position should be moved to low-stress, non-inspection surfaces through gate placement or by adjusting flow-front temperatures. Because the LXS lubricant package reduces ejection force, lower draft may be possible in deep-draw caps and sleeves, but ejection should be verified with pressure transducers in the ejection circuit rather than by increasing ejection speed alone. Cooling time must account for the amorphous material’s glass transition; demoulding at excessively high surface temperature can introduce sink marks and post-mould warpage. In-line polarised light inspection is a useful production control for residual stress in transparent components; a high-back-pressure, low-mould-temperature combination can elevate residual stress and produce birefringence visible under crossed polarisers.
Applications such as filter bowls, sight-glass housings, fuel-sensor lenses, and fluid-line connectors combine optical clarity with continuous hydrocarbon or mild water-glycol contact. In such cases polycarbonate may fail by environmental stress cracking against amines, ketones, or certain alcohols, and PMMA may lack the toughness and aliphatic-hydrocarbon resistance required. The PA12 backbone of Grilamid TR 90 LXS provides an aromatic-hydrocarbon and oil-resistance profile that is closer to semicrystalline PA12 than to transparent PC or PMMA; chemical compatibility is evaluated by immersion testing to ISO 175 and by constant-strain stress-crack testing under defined conditions. Tensile property retention after chemical exposure should be measured according to ISO 527-1/-2 on exposed specimens, not inferred from visual haze alone. In hot-water or high-humidity environments, moisture absorption reduces glass transition and stiffness; design calculations for pressurised fluid housings should therefore use conditioned modulus and account for swelling and relaxation. The amorphous structure permits visible transparency to remain possible after moderate moisture uptake, but dimensional change due to moisture absorption, on the order of 0.2 % to 0.3 % per 1 % moisture uptake, may affect press-fit joints and seal grooves. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; compatibility at elevated temperature should be verified with the final production compound and lubricant package, including any regrind content.
Compared with semicrystalline PA12 grades, the TR 90 LXS grade does not exhibit a sharp crystalline melting peak in DSC per ISO 11357-1/-3. The amorphous structure changes the failure and shrinkage pattern: unfilled semicrystalline PA12 typically shows higher and more anisotropic mould shrinkage due to crystalline recoil, while amorphous transparent PA12 has lower and more isotropic shrinkage, at the expense of some chemical resistance in highly polar solvents. Optical clarity is another differentiator: semicrystalline PA12 is translucent or opaque because spherulites scatter light, whereas the TR backbone suppresses crystallisation and permits thin-section transmittance values measured by ASTM D1003 or ISO 13468. Compared with impact-modified transparent polycarbonate, the polyamide grade exchanges stiffness for chemical resistance and lower birefringence in some flow geometries; compared with PMMA, it offers higher elongation at break and improved crack resistance but lower surface hardness. The LXS lubricant package differentiates the grade from unlubricated transparent PA12 variants in multi-cavity tools: at fixed injection pressure, spiral-flow comparisons typically show higher flow length for the lubricated grade, and ejection force is lower in deep-draw or textured tools. Because the lubricant chemistry can influence weld-line strength and printability, post-mould operations such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding, adhesive bonding, and coating should be validated on production parts. The amorphous transparent polyamide family should not be considered a drop-in replacement for polycarbonate in glazing applications requiring high modulus and high heat deflection under load; unreinforced PA12 grades typically have lower flexural modulus than PC and absorb more moisture. These processing-related differences do not substitute for design validation.
Regulatory documentation for this grade spans food-contact, hazardous-substance, and general industrial requirements. Polyamide 12 resins may be supported under FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for nylon resins in food-contact articles, but the specific Grilamid TR 90 LXS grade must be confirmed against the current supplier declaration before an end-use food-contact claim is made. For European food-contact use, compliance should be assessed under EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, including overall migration and specific migration limits for substances listed in the supplier’s declaration. The European Union RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU and REACH Regulation EC No 1907/2006 require supplier certificates and safety data sheets to verify that the grade is suitable for the intended commercial territory. Electrical and electronic applications may require additional documentation under IEC 60664-1 for creepage and clearance, depending on the end-use standard. For medical device components, biocompatibility evaluation according to ISO 10993-1 is an end-item responsibility; the polymer supplier’s material certification does not by itself establish device-level biocompatibility.
| Reference | Scope | Verification requirement |
|---|---|---|
| FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 | Nylon resins for food-contact articles; extractive limits | Grade-specific supplier declaration required |
| EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 | Plastic food-contact materials; overall and specific migration limits | Declaration of compliance and migration test data |
| 2011/65/EU RoHS | Restriction of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment | Supplier certificate or analytical confirmation |
| EC No 1907/2006 REACH | Registration, safety data sheets, and SVHC identification | SDS and SVHC statement |
| ISO 10993-1 | Biocompatibility evaluation of medical devices | End-item biological risk assessment |
