| HS Code | 425902 |
| Density | 1.63 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus | 23500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 250 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 2.0 % |
| Flexural Modulus | 22000 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength | 10 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 190 °C |
| Melting Point | 220 °C |
| Mold Shrinkage | 0.2 % |
| Water Absorption 24 H | 0.1 % |
| Flammability Rating | HB |
| Rockwell Hardness | M90 |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST nat PA12-GF65 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged in 25 kg net sealed polyethylene-lined paper bags, moisture-protected, labeled with grade, lot number, and handling instructions. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: palletized Grilamid LVX-65H SST nat PA12-GF65 in sealed bags, weight optimized, securely braced to prevent shifting during transit. |
| Shipping | EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST nat PA12-GF65 is shipped as dry, sealed pellets in moisture-barrier bags or drums to prevent water absorption. Keep packaging intact, store in a cool, dry area, and handle carefully to avoid damage. Refer to the SDS for full transport and safety guidelines. |
| Storage | Store in original, sealed, dry packaging in a cool, well-ventilated area at room temperature. Protect from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture to prevent water absorption and property changes. Keep away from incompatible materials and ignition sources. No special storage requirements under normal conditions; ensure containers remain closed when not in use. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed packaging, cool and dry. Shelf life is 2 years from delivery if kept moisture-free. |
In industrial automation fluid-power assemblies, the substitution of machined aluminium with 65% glass-fibre-reinforced polyamide 12 is governed by pressure cycling, mineral-oil mist exposure, and dimensional stability across humidity fluctuations. The EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST nat grade is processed as a neat compound at 100 wt% of the shot mass for subplate-mounted pneumatic valve islands, hydraulic accumulator mounting brackets, and manifold adaptor plates. The fixed glass-fibre loading of 65 wt% by weight reduces creep under sustained bolt preload and limits equilibrium moisture uptake relative to PA66, which stabilises port-to-port centre distances across 10–90% RH. In these applications, the governing system standards are ISO 4413:2010 for hydraulic fluid power and ISO 4414:2010 for pneumatic fluid power. Material compatibility is screened by immersion testing under ISO 1817:2015 in mineral oil, ester-based fire-resistant hydraulic fluid, and water-glycol at 70°C for 168 h; the specification normally limits volume change and hardness loss, but published data for this specific compound-fluid pair should be checked before release.The downstream production process for hydraulic and pneumatic manifold components requires an injection-moulding machine with a wear-resistant bimetallic barrel and a three-zone screw with an L/D ratio of 25:1. The melt temperature is maintained at 270–285°C, and the tool surface temperature is held at 80–100°C to promote sufficient crystallinity at the weld-line interfaces. Because the molten compound is highly filled, the gate location is placed at the geometric centre of the port face so that fibrous orientation does not create a weld line across the narrow sealing land. Holding pressure is applied at 60–80 MPa until gate freeze-off to compensate for the anisotropic shrinkage that develops in thick bosses and port walls. Sections thicker than 8 mm present an internal-void risk because displaced air and volatiles cannot escape through the high-viscosity glass-loaded melt; a two-stage injection profile with a slow screw recovery is preferred. The regrind of sprues and runners may be reintroduced at a maximum of 20 wt%, with 80 wt% virgin compound, provided the regrind is re-dried to ≤0.1 wt% moisture and has no more than three processing histories. When storage relative humidity exceeds 60%, predrying in a desiccant dryer at 80°C for 4–6 h is mandatory.The terminal finished-product types are pneumatic valve island baseplates, hydraulic manifold adaptor plates, and accumulator mounting brackets. The operational boundary for these components includes continuous exposure to mineral oil at fluid temperatures up to 120°C, but strong acidic media such as concentrated formic acid or hot concentrated hydrochloric acid are incompatible because the polyamide backbone undergoes acid-catalysed hydrolysis. Dimensional verification is normally performed at 23°C/50% RH after conditioning to ISO 291, and the manufacturer must confirm that the selected hydraulic fluid does not cause post-mould warpage through differential plasticisation of the glass-poor skin layer.
At sub-zero alpine service temperatures, the glass-fibre network in a 65 wt% GF PA12 compound dominates tensile modulus and restricts creep of the polyamide 12 matrix. In ski touring binding frames and crampon bracket assemblies, load is transferred through heel pins and toe inserts, and brittle fracture at −30°C must be excluded by material-level testing before product-level release testing. The load-bearing zones are injection-moulded from 100 wt% virgin compound; regrind is not permitted in release-relevant zones because impact consistency is degraded by fibre-length reduction and by accumulated thermal oxidation. The product safety framework is ISO 13992:2019 for alpine ski bindings, and the material qualification matrix includes ISO 527-2 for tensile modulus, ISO 179-1/1eA for notched Charpy impact at −30°C, and ISO 8256 Type 2 for tension impact at −40°C. The finished component must maintain dimensional stability after thermal cycling between −40°C and 60°C, because release-setting accuracy depends on the positional repeatability of the housing bores.The downstream process for these low-temperature structural housings uses a tool temperature of 60–70°C to limit post-mould shrinkage in the thick toe-piece boss, while accepting a slightly lower crystallinity than would be obtained at higher mould temperatures. The melt temperature is held at 260–275°C to avoid excessive residence time in the high-shear gate region, and the injection speed is staged to prevent jetting in the pin-insert cavity. After ejection, the housings are annealed at 120°C for 2 h in a support fixture to relieve moulded-in stress and to stabilise the bore geometry before insert staking. The terminal finished-product types are ski touring binding toe-piece housings, crampon frame brackets, and release-lever bases. The boundary condition for this application is outdoor weathering: natural PA12 grades do not contain carbon black and therefore require a UV-stable overmoulding layer or a painted surface when multi-season alpine exposure is expected.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST nat is a natural-coloured, heat-stabilised polyamide 12 injection moulding compound reinforced with 65% by mass glass fibre. Under ISO 1043-1 the material is designated PA12-GF65. The nat suffix denotes natural, unpigmented material, and the SST designation identifies the specific stabiliser and processing package. The compound is supplied as cylindrical pellets for conventional injection moulding, and the uncoloured natural grade is intended for applications where colouring is performed at the processing stage or where a neutral natural surface is acceptable. Typical density under ISO 1183-1 is 1.68 g/cm³; water absorption after 24 h immersion in 23 °C water is ≤ 0.6% under ISO 62, and equilibrium water absorption at 23 °C is approximately 1.5%. Because PA12 has lower intrinsic water affinity than PA6 or PA66, the conditioned mechanical properties are less affected by humidity than equivalently reinforced short-chain aliphatic polyamides. The high glass-fibre fraction also reduces the total moisture uptake relative to unfilled PA12 because the glass fibres do not absorb water; however, dimensional movement is anisotropic due to fibre orientation. This anisotropy is a key difference from unreinforced PA12 and from lower-fibre PA12 grades.
The primary difference from PA12-GF30 and PA12-GF50 is a higher tensile modulus and tensile strength combined with lower elongation at break. Dry tensile modulus at 1 mm/min under ISO 527-1/-2 is approximately 20,000 MPa; tensile stress at break is approximately 230 MPa; elongation at break is approximately 2.5%. Conditioned modulus at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity remains higher than that of many PA6 or PA66 glass-fibre compounds with comparable loading because PA12 absorbs less moisture. Charpy unnotched impact strength at 23 °C is approximately 90 kJ/m² under ISO 179/1eU; notched Charpy impact strength is approximately 35 kJ/m² under ISO 179/1eA.
| Property | Test method | Typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.68 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus, dry | ISO 527-1/-2 | 20,000 MPa |
| Tensile stress at break, dry | ISO 527-1/-2 | 230 MPa |
| Elongation at break, dry | ISO 527-1/-2 | 2.5% |
| Charpy unnotched impact, 23°C | ISO 179/1eU | 90 kJ/m² |
| Charpy notched impact, 23°C | ISO 179/1eA | 35 kJ/m² |
| Melting peak | ISO 11357-3 | 178 °C |
| HDT at 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 165 °C |
| HDT at 0.45 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 175 °C |
| Water absorption, 24 h | ISO 62 | 0.6% |
The high glass-fibre volume fraction creates a skin-core morphology in injection-moulded parts. In the skin layer, fibres orient predominantly parallel to flow; in the core, orientation is more random because of slower cooling and reduced shear. This structural gradient explains the measured difference between flow-direction and transverse tensile modulus. In ribs, bosses, and weld lines, fibre orientation is disturbed, which reduces local stiffness and creates sinks, warpage, and strength loss. Weld lines and gate regions can show tensile strength reductions of 30% to 50% compared with flow-oriented regions. Mould shrinkage under ISO 294-4 is anisotropic, with published values near 0.1% in the flow direction and near 0.4% transverse to flow. These differences require revised gate placement and part geometry when upgrading from PA12-GF50 or PA12-GF30.
Thermal response in short-duration tests is controlled mainly by the glass-fibre network. The melting peak measured under ISO 11357-3 is approximately 178 °C. Heat deflection temperature under 1.8 MPa load is approximately 165 °C, and under 0.45 MPa it is approximately 175 °C, both under ISO 75-1/-2. These HDT values exceed those of unreinforced PA12 by a wide margin, but continuous service above 120 °C is not generally recommended without long-term heat-ageing validation, because the oxidative stability of the PA12 matrix limits property retention. In moisture-rich environments, PA12 absorbs less water than PA6 or PA66, so dry-state modulus is better retained; however, the grade is not intended for continuous hot-water immersion above 80 °C under high tensile loads. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion is anisotropic; published values for injection-moulded PA12-GF65 are approximately 0.15 × 10-4 K-1 in the flow direction and 0.8 × 10-4 K-1 transverse under ISO 11359-2. Published multi-point creep and fatigue data for this specific formulation are limited, so load-bearing designs should use component-level testing or finite-element analysis with measured anisotropic data.
The polyamide 12 matrix contains a repeating long-chain amide backbone with lower amide-group density than PA6 or PA66. This molecular structure reduces equilibrium water uptake of the matrix and contributes to lower fuel permeation in direct fuel-contact applications. In LVX-65H SST nat, the glass fibre dominates short-term modulus, but the matrix controls long-term creep, chemical resistance, and low-temperature impact. At temperatures below the PA12 glass transition, the compound retains relatively high stiffness; above the glass transition, modulus decreases even though HDT remains high due to fibre reinforcement. Creep and load-deflection behaviour under sustained service near 80–100 °C should therefore be evaluated with conditioned specimens rather than dry short-term data.
Processing on production-scale injection moulding machines requires predrying in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4–8 h to a residual moisture level of ≤ 0.10%. The drying air dew point should be ≤ -30 °C. Melt temperatures from 250 °C to 280 °C and mould temperatures from 80 °C to 100 °C are used as starting points; higher mould temperatures improve surface appearance and weld-line strength at the cost of longer cycle time. The 65% glass fibre loading is abrasive; screws with hardened check rings, bimetallic barrels, and hardened nozzle tips are specified. Moderate screw speed and back pressure limit fibre attrition; injection speeds of 80–150 mm/s are typical for wall sections from 2 mm to 4 mm. Residence time at melt temperature should not exceed 10 minutes, and the barrel should be purged with a suitable PA12 or PA6/66 purge compound during interruptions. Exposure to ambient air with relative humidity above 60% can raise pellet moisture above the recommended limit within 1–2 h in warm conditions; hopper drying should remain active during production. Regrind use above 30% is not recommended because fibre length reduction and heat history may lower impact strength and increase melt viscosity variation. Batch-to-batch variation in fibre length distribution can occur if regrind or improperly dried material is used; process monitoring should therefore include melt pressure and part mass rather than melt temperature alone.
For components with wall thickness below 1 mm, filling is difficult because of the high glass-fibre content and elevated melt viscosity. Gate and runner sizing should be more generous than for unfilled PA12; pin gates below 0.8 mm can cause fibre blocking and surface defects. Venting depth should be kept below 0.02 mm to avoid flash while allowing gas escape from the highly reinforced melt. Published process data for such thin-wall configurations are limited, and prototype tooling is recommended before production release.
When the grade is used to replace PA12-GF30, PA12-GF50, PA6-GF60, or PA66-GF60, the higher modulus and lower elongation require redesigned ribs, corner radii, and gating to avoid stress concentration. Compared with PA12-GF50, the 65% glass fibre loading raises tensile modulus and HDT but lowers Charpy impact and elongation; processing requires higher packing pressure because shrinkage anisotropy is more severe. Compared with PA6 or PA66 glass-fibre compounds, the PA12 matrix provides lower equilibrium moisture uptake and better retention of tensile modulus after conditioning; however, PA6/PA66 may offer lower raw material cost and higher dry-state HDT. Compared with PPA-GF65 or PPS-GF65, LVX-65H SST nat processes at lower melt temperatures and generally has higher elongation at break, but it is not a direct substitute in continuous high-temperature service above 180 °C. Typical applications include injection-moulded housings, pump bodies, flanges, brackets, gear casings, and structural inserts for automotive and industrial equipment. The PA12 matrix provides resistance to oils, greases, fuels, and many solvents; the grade is selected over PA6 or PA66 glass-fibre compounds when lower moisture uptake and better dimensional stability in humid air are needed. It is selected over die-cast aluminium or zinc when part mass reduction and corrosion resistance are priorities, but absolute tensile modulus is lower by roughly an order of magnitude; ribbing, metal inserts, and fibre-orientation modelling are required to compensate. The material is not generally supplied as a food-contact grade; specific migration testing under EU Regulation (EC) 10/2011 would be required for food-contact use. Chemical resistance of the PA12 matrix extends to aliphatic hydrocarbons, diesel fuel, lubricating oils, and many industrial solvents. However, strong acids, oxidising media, and some phenolic compounds can degrade polyamide; compatibility testing under ISO 22088-3 or ASTM D543 is recommended for chemical service. The grade is not recommended for continuous use in concentrated acids or strong alkalis.
