| HS Code | 397998 |
| Material | EMS-Grivory Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 |
| Chemical Designation | PA12-GF65 |
| Glass Fiber Content | 65% |
| Density | 1.68 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 222 °C |
| Tensile Modulus | 19500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 230 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 2.0 % |
| Flexural Modulus | 19000 MPa |
| Flexural Strength | 300 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched | 15 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Strength Unnotched | 70 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature Hdt A 1 8 Mpa | 190 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature Hdt B 0 45 Mpa | 210 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature B50 | 190 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST black 9288 PA12-GF65 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST black 9288 PA12-GF65 is supplied as pellets in sealed 25 kg moisture-proof bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL container loaded with palletized, heat-sealed bags of PA12-GF65 granules, securely stacked and braced for safe transport. |
| Shipping | Ship Grilamid® LVX-65H SST black 9288 in sealed, moisture-proof packaging with desiccant, as PA12-GF65 is hygroscopic. Protect from rain, humidity, and direct sunlight. Avoid high heat and excessive pressure. Standard non-hazardous freight is acceptable; use clean, dry containers and stable stacking to prevent bag damage. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid® LVX-65H SST black 9288 PA12-GF65 in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and excessive heat. Avoid temperatures above 50°C. Keep away from incompatible chemicals. Under proper conditions, shelf life is typically several years; re-dry before processing if moisture absorption occurs. |
| Shelf Life | Store dry, cool, and in unopened original packaging; shelf life is typically indefinite, with proper handling. |
The replacement of zinc and aluminium in underhood structural brackets is driven by density, processing cost, and dimensional stability in humid thermal cycling. Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 is a 65% glass-fibre-reinforced PA12 with a dry tensile modulus of approximately 19,000 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2. This stiffness allows wall thickness reduction in brackets previously designed as die-cast alloy while maintaining acceptable deflection under load. The material is pre-dried at 80°C for 4 h to 6 h with a drying air dew point below −30°C. Melt temperature is maintained between 250°C and 280°C, and barrel residence time is kept below 10 min to limit fibre attrition and thermal chain scission. Mould temperature is set between 80°C and 110°C. On production lines using reciprocating-screw injection machines with L/D ratios of 20:1 to 25:1, the high glass content accelerates screw, check-ring, and barrel wear; bimetallic barrels, hardened screw tips, and nitrided check rings are specified. Typical injection pressure ranges from 90 MPa to 140 MPa. Hold pressure is maintained until gate freeze to avoid sink marks at boss intersections and rib roots. The notched Charpy impact strength at 23°C is approximately 15 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA. Heat deflection temperature under 1.8 MPa is approximately 175°C under ISO 75-1/-2. The low equilibrium moisture uptake of approximately 0.7% at 23°C and 50% RH under ISO 62 reduces post-mould dimensional shift in humid engine-bay conditions compared with PA66. Production failure modes observed in glass-filled valved hot-runner tools include gate blush, jetting at thin-to-thick transitions, and fibre-orientation-driven warp at bracket flanges. Valve-gate sequencing is therefore used on tools with more than four drops. Long-term heat ageing is typically validated at 150°C against OEM underhood component specifications; continuous exposure above 170°C is outside the recommended operating window for this PA12 grade. Terminal products include EGR valve support plates, charge-air-cooler end tank brackets, and power-steering module mounting bases.
In closed-loop water-glycol thermal management circuits, PA12-GF65 is used for pump housings, valve bodies, and mounting flanges where PA66 fails through progressive hydrolysis and dimensional growth. The 65% glass-fibre loading in Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 lowers linear thermal expansion to approximately 2.5 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹ to 3.5 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹ in the flow direction under ISO 11359-2, reducing seal-groove distortion in glycol circuits operating from −40°C to 120°C. For injection moulding of a pump volute housing, the gate is positioned away from the tongue area to prevent fibre orientation creating a weld line at the pressure boundary. Mould temperature is held at the upper end of the recommended band, between 100°C and 120°C, to maximise crystallinity and reduce micro-porosity at the seal land. Cyclic pressure testing is performed at 1.5 times rated working pressure for 100,000 cycles per ISO 6803 or equivalent OEM requirements. The PA12 matrix provides hydrolysis resistance in aqueous glycol, but continuous exposure to superheated water above 120°C for more than 3,000 h can produce measurable tensile strength loss. Published data for this specific GF65-PA12 configuration under superheated water is limited. The moulded component is not recommended for direct contact with seals made from highly plasticised EPDM, because plasticiser migration into the PA12 surface can reduce weld-line strength. Terminal products include coolant valve manifolds, pump baseplates for 48 V electric coolant pumps, and thermal-management adapters for battery electric vehicles.
Servo gearbox end plates demand flatness and bearing-pocket roundness after finish machining. Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 is specified because its dry tensile modulus of approximately 19,000 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2 approaches that of short-glass PA66 while retaining PA12’s lower equilibrium moisture uptake. After moulding, end plates are annealed at 100°C for 2 h to relax internal stresses before boring. Bearing pockets are finish-machined to an IT7 tolerance because as-moulded roundness is limited by anisotropic shrinkage from 65% glass-fibre orientation. Linear mould shrinkage is typically 0.1% to 0.3% parallel to flow and 0.4% to 0.6% transverse to flow. Tools are therefore gated with a fan or tab gate to align fibre orientation with the primary load path. In a planetary servo drive, the bearing retainer is subjected to cyclic loading at 120% of rated torque for 10⁶ cycles. The notched Charpy value of approximately 15 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA is a design-limiting input. Belt-drive servo housings moulded from the same grade show reduced bearing-bore growth after 1,000 h at 80°C and 85% RH under ISO 1110 compared with PA66-GF50 because PA12 equilibrium moisture uptake is approximately 0.7% under ISO 62. The processing constraint is screw recovery time: the high melt viscosity requires low screw rotation, typically 30 rpm to 60 rpm, and a back pressure of 3 MPa to 8 MPa to preserve residual fibre length. Terminal products include planetary gearbox end plates, hollow-shaft bearing retainers, and servomotor encoder brackets.
Compressed-air manifold blocks and pneumatic valve bodies moulded from Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 are used in industrial automation where compressed air leakage directly reduces energy efficiency. The PA12 matrix provides low water absorption of approximately 0.7% at 23°C and 50% RH under ISO 62, so dimensional change in humid plant air remains predictable. Manifolds are tested according to ISO 6358 for flow capacity and ISO 1179-1 for port thread integrity. The 65% glass loading raises melt viscosity sufficiently that overmoulding of threaded brass inserts requires insert preheating to 120°C; cold inserts produce thermal quench and micro-cracking around the thread root. Recommended mould temperature is 90°C to 110°C. Weld lines at port intersections are avoided by placing gates on the manifold base between port bosses, but fibre orientation can still reduce burst strength in the weld zone relative to the nominal cavity region. Burst tests are therefore run at 3 bar for standard industrial compressed air and 12 bar for high-pressure pilot circuits. The compound is not recommended for continuous contact with oil-mist lubrication containing aggressive ester-based compressor oils, which can soften the PA12 surface after extended exposure at 60°C. Terminal products include ISO 15407-2 valve manifold bases, pneumatic cylinder end caps, and fieldbus valve islands.
Peristaltic pump housings in water treatment and analytical instrumentation are moulded from Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288 where the housing must support roller bearing loads and resist intermittent contact with sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and peracetic acid. The 65% glass-fibre reinforcement provides the stiffness needed to hold roller alignment under tube compression force, typically 150 N to 300 N across a three-roller head. PA12 has better stress-crack resistance than PA6 in oxidising disinfectant solutions, which is why the grade is selected for opaque pump heads. The material is dried to 0.1% moisture or below before moulding. The melt temperature is kept between 260°C and 270°C to avoid surface silver streaks caused by residual moisture. Moulding tools use polished cavities with an SPI A-2 finish to allow cleaning of the pump head surface. Compliance is verified against FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for nylon resins with glass fibres only if the end-use application involves incidental food contact. For drinking water contact, KTW-BWGL or W 270 test documentation is required for the specific pigment and glass formulation used in black 9288. Continuous immersion in 5% sodium hypochlorite at 50°C for more than 30 days causes surface attack and is outside the recommended chemical exposure window. Terminal products include peristaltic pump housings, roller carriers, and analytical instrument pump heads.
Structural inserts for composite bicycle pedal bodies and crankarm load spreaders benefit from the high specific stiffness of Grilamid LVX-65H SST black 9288. A 65% glass-fibre PA12 with a density of approximately 1.64 g/cm³ under ISO 1183 offers a tensile modulus near 19,000 MPa; this allows a metal insert to be replaced without changing the pedal spindle interface. The insert is moulded as a separate part and then co-moulded or mechanically locked into a carbon-filled nylon pedal body rather than overmoulded directly onto the spindle. Direct overmoulding of steel spindles is restrained by the high fibre content, which limits melt penetration around knurled shafts. Spindle preheating to 130°C and slow injection with gas injection are required when direct overmoulding is attempted. The part is tested under ISO 4210-2 for mechanical assemblies and EN 17406 for bicycle component safety where applicable. Fatigue testing at 100 N·m pedal torque for 50,000 cycles is used by several bicycle OEMs, but published data for this specific grade is limited. Because PA12 absorbs less moisture than PA6 or PA66, preload retention at the spindle interface is more stable when the bicycle is used in wet conditions. The filled PA12 is not recommended for cosmetic components due to pronounced fibre read-through on untextured surfaces. Terminal products include pedal body inserts, crankarm bearing load spreaders, and power-meter mounting brackets.
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The material designated EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-65H SST black 9288 is a heat-stabilised polyamide 12 compound classified under ISO 1043-1 as PA12-GF65. The designation indicates a polyamide 12 matrix with a nominal glass fibre content of 65% by weight when measured according to ISO 3451-1. The product is positioned as an injection-moulding feedstock for structural components requiring high modulus, low moisture uptake, and dimensional stability in contact with oils, fuels, and hydraulic media. Black 9288 identifies the pigmented finish. The H suffix is associated with heat stabilisation, while the SST suffix denotes a specific additive and release package that is not fully itemised in publicly available technical documentation.
The glass fibre content places LVX-65H SST in the upper filler-loading range of the Grilamid L series. Relative to unfilled Grilamid L grades, the high filler fraction alters both rheological and thermal behaviour. Melt viscosity rises sharply, mould shrinkage becomes anisotropic, and the dry-as-moulded tensile modulus shifts from approximately 1,500 MPa for an unfilled PA12 to a supplier-published range of 20,000–24,000 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2. Component design must therefore account for fibre orientation, weld-line location, and gate sizing rather than treating the material as a drop-in replacement for lower-filler PA12 grades.
Before melt processing, the compound requires drying in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4–8 h. The target residual moisture content is below 0.10% by weight. Processing with higher moisture levels can produce surface splay, internal voids, and localised molecular weight reduction, even though polyamide 12 absorbs less water than PA6 or PA66. The dew point of the drying air should be maintained below -30 °C when plant relative humidity exceeds 60%.
The melt temperature measured at the nozzle is maintained between 250 °C and 280 °C. Tool temperature is typically set at 80 °C to 100 °C. Lower tool temperatures may increase injection pressure requirements and produce poor fibre wet-out at the cavity wall. Higher tool temperatures reduce orientation stress but can extend cycle time and delay dimensional stabilisation after ejection.
Injection units require wear-resistant screw and barrel assemblies because the 65% glass content accelerates abrasive wear. A three-zone screw with an L/D ratio of 18:1 to 25:1 and a compression ratio of 2:1 to 2.5:1 is typically used. Shut-off nozzles should be selected to prevent drool during screw recovery, and the check ring must be hardened for glass-filled service.
| Parameter | Set point or range |
|---|---|
| Desiccant drying temperature | 80 °C |
| Drying time | 4–8 h |
| Residual moisture target | <0.10% |
| Melt temperature | 250–280 °C |
| Tool temperature | 80–100 °C |
| Screw L/D ratio | 18:1–25:1 |
Screw recovery time tends to increase relative to unfilled PA12 because of high melt viscosity. On production-scale injection-moulding machines with clamp force between 800 kN and 2,000 kN, short-shot defects in thin-walled sections are commonly controlled by increasing injection velocity and maintaining a stable melt cushion. Fibre segregation can occur in hot-runner systems with dead spots or low-flow zones; manifold channels should be sized for glass-filled polyamide service and should avoid sharp transitions that create stagnant melt.
The table below reports typical dry-as-moulded supplier-published values. These are not specification limits and should be verified for the specific lot and colour.
| Property | Test method | Typical value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glass fibre content | ISO 3451-1 | 65 | % by weight |
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.70 | g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 23,000 | MPa |
| Tensile strength at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 210 | MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1.5 | % |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 20,000 | MPa |
| Flexural strength | ISO 178 | 300 | MPa |
| Charpy notched impact strength | ISO 179/1eA | 14 | kJ/m² |
| Charpy unnotched impact strength | ISO 179/1eU | 70 | kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature HDT/A | ISO 75-1/-2 | 170 | °C |
| Water absorption at saturation | ISO 62 | 0.8 | % |
The tensile modulus under ISO 527-1/-2 is approximately 23,000 MPa, which is more than an order of magnitude above unfilled PA12 and substantially above PA12-GF30 grades. The elongation at break under ISO 527-1/-2 drops to 1.5% from values exceeding 100% for unfilled PA12. This trade-off means that the grade is selected when stiffness and dimensional stability dominate design criteria, and impact loading is controlled by part geometry, rib reinforcement, or local wall-thickness increases.
Relative to Grilamid LV-5H PA12-GF50, the increase from 50% to 65% by weight glass fibre raises tensile modulus and heat deflection temperature while reducing notched impact strength and melt volume flow rate. Mould shrinkage values measured on ISO 294-4 plaques are more anisotropic. Flow-direction shrinkage is typically below 0.2%, whereas transverse shrinkage can fall in the 0.3–0.5% range depending on gate location and wall thickness. Gate and thickness changes therefore require new shrinkage measurements rather than reuse of data from GF50 tooling.
Weld lines form where separate melt fronts meet. In PA12-GF65, fibre orientation at the weld line is often perpendicular to the filling direction, and the local glass content is depleted relative to the bulk matrix. Tensile specimens moulded with a single weld line commonly show a reduction in tensile strength relative to the parent material. The exact reduction depends on melt temperature, injection speed, and gate location. It is measured with ISO 527-1/-2 specimens containing a weld line. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, but fibre-filled grades in this loading range typically exhibit weld-line tensile strength between 40% and 70% of the no-weld value.
Single-edge-gated tools or sequential valve-gated systems reduce weld-line risk. If multiple gates are unavoidable, the weld line should be moved away from stress concentrations and sealing surfaces. Increasing tool temperature to the upper end of the recommended range can improve weld-line strength, although it may increase cycle time. Ribs, bosses, and snap-fit features should not be placed directly in the weld-line path.
Because the product is supplied black, cosmetic weld lines are more difficult to detect visually. Process monitoring of cavity pressure at the weld-line location is therefore a more reliable control method than operator inspection. A drop in peak cavity pressure in the second half of the filling phase can indicate premature freeze-off at the weld line and should trigger a check of tool temperature and injection speed.
Because the matrix is polyamide 12, the compound exhibits low water absorption and good resistance to many automotive fluids. Under ISO 62 immersion at 23 °C, the saturation water absorption is approximately 0.8% by weight. This is lower than typical PA66-GF60 values of 4–7% and PA6-GF60 values above 8%. The low moisture uptake limits dimensional change and improves tensile-modulus retention in humid environments. The material is commonly evaluated for fuel filter housings, pump flanges, hydraulic fluid reservoirs, and structural brackets where oil contact and dimensional stability are simultaneous requirements.
The compound is not recommended for continuous contact with concentrated strong acids, cresols, phenols, or concentrated formic acid. These agents attack the amide linkage or dissolve the polyamide matrix. Chlorinated solvents can cause swelling. Compatibility with fuel blends containing high levels of methanol or ethanol must be tested according to ISO 1817 under the anticipated exposure temperature. Continuous exposure to hot water or steam above 80 °C should also be qualified under actual service pressure and pH conditions, because hydrolysis resistance decreases with temperature and acidity.
In compounding 65% glass fibre into PA12, glass rovings are typically side-fed after the polymer melting zone to minimise fibre breakage. Barrel temperatures from 240 °C to 290 °C are used depending on screw design and throughput. The feed throat is maintained below 60 °C to prevent bridging. Vacuum venting is applied downstream of the glass addition to remove residual moisture and low-molecular-weight volatiles.
Production experience shows that the glass addition zone experiences the highest abrasive wear. Screw elements and barrel liners made from hardened powder-metal or carbide-coated steels are required. Non-hardened components show accelerated wear and can produce fibre-length reduction, inconsistent filler distribution, and rising melt temperature. The use of multiple side feeders distributes the glass addition along the barrel and reduces local abrasion at the first addition point.
