| HS Code | 594158 |
| Material | EMS-Grivory Grilamid LVX-50H nat |
| Description | PA12-GF50, heat-stabilized polyamide 12 with 50% glass fiber reinforcement |
| Density | 1.59 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus | 17500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 210 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 2.0% |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched 23 C | 20 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Strength Unnotched 23 C | 80 kJ/m² |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature Hdt A 1 8 Mpa | 170 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature Hdt B 0 45 Mpa | 175 °C |
| Water Absorption Saturation 23 C | 2.2% |
| Molding Shrinkage | 0.1–0.3% |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-50H nat PA12-GF50 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Grilamid® LVX-50H nat PA12-GF50 is supplied as moisture-protected sealed bags containing 25 kg of natural granules. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of Grilamid® LVX-50H nat PA12-GF50: secure palletized bags, protect from moisture, ensure stable weight distribution. |
| Shipping | Grilamid® LVX-50H nat is a glass-fiber-reinforced PA12 granulate supplied as free-flowing pellets. Ship in sealed, moisture-barrier bags on pallets; store dry below 60°C. Non-hazardous under transport regulations, but avoid dust, direct sunlight, and heavy impact. Label with product code and lot number for traceability. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid® LVX-50H nat in its original, unopened container in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and humidity. Keep the container tightly sealed when not in use to prevent moisture absorption. Recommended storage temperature is below 30°C. Under proper conditions, shelf life is at least two years; dry before processing if exposed. |
| Shelf Life | Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture. Use within two years of delivery to ensure optimal properties. |
Grilamid® LVX-50H nat is a natural-colored, 50 wt% glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide 12 injection-molding grade. The compound is supplied as ready-to-mold pellets, not as a masterbatch, additive carrier, or let-down concentrate. Unless otherwise stated, mechanical data references follow ISO 527-1/-2, ISO 178, ISO 179-1/1eU, ISO 75-1/-2, and ISO 1183; melt-flow monitoring follows ISO 1133-1:2022; moisture determination follows ISO 15512 Method B. The following processing audit matrix applies to all downstream scenarios and is presented as a starting-point range, not as a substitute for tool-specific process qualification.
| Processing variable | Audit range or limit | Test method or equipment basis |
|---|---|---|
| Residual moisture before molding | <0.10% | ISO 15512 Method B |
| Desiccant dryer dew point | <−30 °C | Dew-point transmitter in dryer air circuit |
| Barrel set-point range | 240 °C to 285 °C | Reciprocating screw, L/D 22:1 to 25:1 |
| Mold wall temperature | 80 °C to 100 °C | Pressurized-water mold-temperature control unit |
| Regrind inclusion ceiling | 20 wt% of total feed | Weight-controlled gravimetric blender |
In commercial vehicle air preparation systems where compressed air at 1.0–1.25 MPa service pressure carries moisture, compressor oil aerosol, and glycol-based dryer condensate, ported valve bodies and manifold plates are exposed to cyclic mechanical loading, road-salt aerosol, and chloride-induced galvanic contact when metallic fasteners are retained. The defining process conflict for Grilamid® LVX-50H nat in this application is the interaction between 50 wt% short-glass content and thin-walled ported sections below 3.0 mm; fiber orientation follows the advancing melt front and produces anisotropic shrinkage that is not fully corrected by tool steel constraint alone. On a 2,200 kN hydraulic injection molding machine with L/D 22:1 general-purpose nylon screw and a two-plate valve-gated tool, mold-wall temperature is held between 80 °C and 100 °C to delay frozen-skin formation at flow-path lengths exceeding 120 mm; cavity pressure sensors sampled at 100 Hz document post-fill pressure decay curves that distinguish densely packed flange bosses from underpacked corners adjacent to hot-runner drops. Industry compliance for the molded components is audited under ISO 16396-1:2015 for polyamide material characterization, with assembled valves validated against vehicle OEM leakage and burst specifications; the compound is managed under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. The formulation addition ratio is 100 wt% as-supplied compound; sprues and runners may be re-introduced up to 20 wt% with virgin pellets only after glass dust is removed by sieving. Predrying at 80 °C for 4–6 h is required when ambient RH exceeds 60%; wet material produces nozzle drool and gas splay at injection speeds above 150 mm/s. Terminal products include air-brake valve bodies, solenoid mounting plates, pressure-protection valve flanges, and tandem axle distribution blocks.
When a valve island sub-base spans 400 mm across multiple station ports, out-of-flatness above 0.3 mm changes O-ring compression distribution and produces bank-to-bank leakage during production-line air test. The fixed 50 wt% glass fraction creates a high-viscosity melt that causes screw recovery torque and hot-runner pressure loss to rise after reground material enters the feed stream; second-pass fiber attrition shortens glass length and raises melt volume-flow rate. Processors audit this drift under ISO 1133-1:2022 procedure A at 275 °C/5 kg; if MVR deviates more than ±15% from the virgin baseline, the regrind ratio is reduced below 15 wt% or the regrind stream is segregated for non-flatness-critical parts. The addition ratio therefore remains 100 wt% pellet feed as supplied for critical manifold sections, with regrind permitted up to 20 wt% only when dimensional capability indices across 30 consecutive shots remain stable at Cpk ≥1.33 for port-center spacing. Downstream processing employs L/D 25:1 injection units with bidirectional screw rotation to minimize uncontrolled barrel residence time; mold components in gate areas are produced from hardened tool steel because glass-fiber-filled PA12 at melt temperatures above 260 °C generates measurable gate wear after 100,000 cycles if unhardened inserts are used. Compliance for industrial pneumatic equipment is documented through IEC 60112 comparative tracking index and UL 94 HB at 1.5 mm for electrical enclosure adjacent parts, while mechanical validation follows ISO 178 flexural tests on machined specimens from production plaques. Terminal products include pneumatic solenoid sub-bases, stacking manifold sections, end plates, and valve adapter blocks for ISO valve islands.
For evaporative emission control canisters located near fuel tank vapor domes, the glass-reinforced PA12 component is exposed to fuel vapor, methanol-blended service fuel, zinc chloride road-salt aerosol, and radiant heat from exhaust routing. The material is processed at 100 wt% compound feed; dilution with unreinforced PA12 below 50 wt% glass content is not a validated formulation route because it shifts shrinkage and creep response outside the bracket retention envelope. Regrind from hot-runner tips is limited to 20 wt% and is not used where weld lines intersect snap-fit retainers. The production route is conventional injection molding using 0.8–1.5 mm wall sections for canister flange retainers; weld-line tensile specimens machined from molded plaques are tested under ISO 527-2 to establish that gate-position changes do not reduce retention force below the component specification. Compliance for automotive evaporative emissions hardware includes RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU and End-of-Life Vehicles Directive 2000/53/EC, with system-level durability governed by the vehicle OEM test schedule. Terminal products include carbon canister mounting flanges, quick-connect retainers, vapor purge valve brackets, and leak-detection pump housings.
Agricultural injection-molded metering pump heads and seal retainers for crop protection chemical dosing demand dimensional stability under continuous exposure to dilute phosphonate, sulfate, and surfactant formulations at fluid temperatures up to 60 °C. In this application, the dominant limitation is not short-term strength but flexural creep under bolted coplanar seal faces; if the housing relaxes at gasket load, diaphragm stroke volume shifts and concentration drift exceeds the metering specification. Creep validation follows ISO 899-2 three-point flexural loading, with creep modulus measured after 1,000 h in conditioned air at 60 °C; components with wall sections below 4.0 mm are evaluated against a maximum mid-span deflection criterion rather than a generic creep modulus target. The formulation addition ratio is 100 wt% Grilamid® LVX-50H nat; regrind is limited to 10 wt% in seal-face regions because fiber breakage concentrates at the highly filled flow front and lowers the effective glass aspect ratio at the gasket seat. Downstream production uses L/D 22:1 injection molding with valve-gated cold runners or hot-runner drops positioned away from the seal face; post-molding annealing at 120 °C for 4 h in nitrogen or oil is applied only where crystallinity-sensitive warpage is detected. Chemical resistance is verified by immersion testing under ISO 175 with the actual tank-mix fluid at the service temperature; the compound is not qualified against all solvent blends, and published data for this specific configuration is limited when the formulation contains more than 20% aromatic solvent. Terminal products include metering pump heads, manifold blocks, seal retainers, and calibration dial housings.
When Euro VI and EPA 27 commercial vehicles expose under-hood sensor brackets to −40 °C cold soak and 130 °C thermal spikes, glass-reinforced PA12 is specified where PA66’s higher moisture equilibrium changes bracket stiffness after seasonal humidity cycles. The processing window is narrow because the 50 wt% glass fraction reduces melt flow relative to unreinforced PA12; gates smaller than 1.0 mm cause local shear heating above 300 °C and visible yellowing at the gate vestige. The formulation enters the mold at 100 wt% compound feed, with runner regrind capped at 15 wt% for engine-bay brackets because throttle-position sensor and exhaust back-pressure sensor mounting points require consistent insert retention after thermal cycling. Compliance references ISO 16750-4:2010 climate loads and ISO 527-2 tensile tests on weld-line specimens cut from production parts. Downstream processing uses a 1,500 kN injection molding machine with mold temperature maintained at 90 °C to 100 °C, faster than unreinforced PA12 settings because glass-filled material solidifies rapidly at the flow front; insufficient mold temperature creates laminar flow lines and low-gloss bands that are localized weak points rather than cosmetic defects. Terminal products include engine-bay sensor brackets, ECU mounting rails, exhaust-gas recirculation sensor flanges, and urea pump mounting plates.
A reduction in nominal wall from 3.0 mm to 1.0 mm in cordless power tool structural brackets concentrates flow-induced glass fiber orientation at the weld line formed downstream of core pins; the weld-line tensile requirement is set above 70 MPa when tested to ISO 527-2, a level that cannot be assumed from unfilled PA12 or lower-glass PA12 grades. The compound is processed at 100 wt% pellet feed because any attempt to raise glass loading beyond the supplied 50 wt% through dry blending with glass roving destroys screw plasticating stability and produces glass accumulation at the check ring; regrind from thin-wall runners is limited to 15 wt% and is excluded from bracketed sections that carry vibration load. Downstream manufacturing uses a 1,200 kN machine with L/D 22:1 screw, short runner lengths, and balanced gate geometry to place the weld line away from boss transitions; when a scarf joint or split cavity cannot relocate the weld line, mold-flow simulation includes anisotropic fiber-tensor data rather than isotropic viscosity assumptions. Compliance for portable power tool structural components includes IEC 60112 comparative tracking index, UL 94 HB at 1.5 mm, and OEM vibration endurance; published data for this specific thin-wall configuration is limited, so pre-series validation uses instrumented impact testing at −20 °C according to ISO 179-1/1eU on machined and molded specimens. Terminal products include cordless drill battery-frame brackets, reciprocating saw gearcase supports, and impact driver handle reinforcement plates.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid® LVX-50H nat is a 50 wt% glass-fibre-reinforced, heat-stabilised polyamide 12 compound identified by the material designation PA12-GF50 in natural colour. The grade is positioned within the EMS-Grivory polyamide 12 portfolio as a high-stiffness variant for dimensionally sensitive components that must retain mechanical integrity after exposure to hydrocarbons, glycol-water mixtures, and atmospheric humidity. Published density for this material is 1.56 g/cm³ under ISO 1183-1. Water absorption at 23 °C after 24 h is approximately 0.12% and at saturation approximately 1.2% under ISO 62, which is substantially lower than that of PA6 or PA66 at equivalent glass-fibre loading. Tensile modulus is cited at 17,200 MPa dry and 16,000 MPa conditioned at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity under ISO 527-1/-2. Tensile strength at break is approximately 210 MPa dry and 190 MPa conditioned under the same standard. Elongation at break is limited to 2.5% dry and 3.0% conditioned, indicating a rigid, load-bearing response under short-term tensile stress. Charpy notched impact strength under ISO 179-1/1eA is 18 kJ/m² dry and 15 kJ/m² conditioned at 23 °C. Heat deflection temperature under ISO 75-1/-2 is 175 °C at 1.8 MPa and 180 °C at 0.45 MPa. The crystalline melting point of the PA12 matrix is approximately 176–178 °C, placing the product below PA66-GF50 in thermal resistance but above standard unreinforced PA12 in stiffness and creep resistance.
Comparative selection between PA12-GF50 and PA6/PA66-GF50 is determined less by short-term mechanical strength than by moisture uptake, chemical resistance, and dimensional stability under humid or fuel-exposed service. PA12 has a longer methylene sequence between amide groups than PA6 or PA66, which reduces the equilibrium water absorption of the matrix and limits plasticisation-induced modulus loss. The following table compiles representative literature and supplier ranges for 50 wt% short-glass-fibre reinforced polyamides under ISO designations. These ranges are not a substitute for the current EMS-Grivory datasheet for Grilamid LVX-50H nat, but they identify the selection boundaries.
| Property and test method | PA12-GF50 | PA6-GF50 | PA66-GF50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density, ISO 1183-1, g/cm³ | 1.55–1.57 | 1.56–1.58 | 1.56–1.59 |
| Water absorption, 24 h, ISO 62, % | 0.12–0.20 | 0.60–0.90 | 0.50–0.80 |
| Water absorption, saturation, ISO 62, % | 1.2–1.6 | 5.5–7.0 | 5.0–7.0 |
| Tensile modulus, dry, ISO 527-1/-2, MPa | 16,000–17,500 | 15,500–17,000 | 16,000–18,000 |
| Tensile modulus, conditioned at 23 °C/50% RH, MPa | 15,000–16,500 | 8,500–10,500 | 9,000–11,000 |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.8 MPa, ISO 75-1/-2, °C | 170–180 | 200–210 | 245–255 |
The practical consequence is that PA12-GF50 retains a higher fraction of its dry modulus after moisture conditioning and after immersion in water/glycol mixtures. PA66-GF50 provides a higher heat deflection temperature and better short-term creep resistance at temperatures above 180 °C, but it absorbs significantly more water and exhibits greater thickness swell in humid environments. PA6-GF50 offers lower melt processing temperature than PA66-GF50 but suffers the largest tensile modulus reduction after saturation. Against unreinforced PA12, the addition of 50 wt% glass fibre raises tensile modulus by approximately a factor of eight, reduces elongation to break from more than 100% to approximately 2.5–3.0%, and increases density from approximately 1.01 g/cm³ to 1.56 g/cm³. Against PA12 grades with 30 wt% glass fibre, the 50 wt% product increases tensile strength and modulus but reduces flow length and increases screw and barrel wear in injection moulding.
For injection moulding, the material is subjected to forced-air desiccant drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h until residual moisture is below 0.10% by Karl Fischer titration or ISO 15512. A melt temperature of 250–270 °C is preferred; operation above 280 °C or residence times beyond 8 min are associated with oxidative yellowing, surface splay, and loss of notched impact strength. Mould temperatures between 80 °C and 120 °C are used, with 100 °C producing sufficient crystallisation at the surface to reduce post-mould dimensional drift. General-purpose screws with L/D 20:1 and compression ratio 1.8:1 are acceptable only when combined with bimetallic barrels, hardened non-return valves, and wear-resistant gate inserts because 50 wt% glass fibre is highly abrasive. Backpressure is maintained below 1.0 MPa to avoid fibre breakage; injection velocity is set in the range 300–600 mm/s for thin-wall sections under 2.0 mm but reduced for thick bosses to avoid jetting and free-jet surface defects. Hold pressure of 50–70 MPa is applied until gate freeze. On 200 t hydraulic machines, failure to maintain packing pressure for bosses thicker than 3.0 mm produces sink marks and internal porosity because the high fibre content reduces melt compressibility. Cold runners are specified as full-round, and hot-runner drops use externally heated manifolds with open nozzles; dead spots in manifold channels increase residence time and generate black specks from fibre-bundle residues. Mould shrinkage is anisotropic: flow-direction values of 0.10–0.20% and transverse values of 0.30–0.50% are typical for tool designs optimised for glass-filled polyamide. Post-mould moisture uptake is low, and conditioning is not required for most structural applications, but parts intended for tight-tolerance assemblies should be measured after 48 h at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity.
Fuel-vapour management and cooling-circuit specifications employ PA12-GF50 primarily for its lower equilibrium water absorption and for the retention of stiffness after exposure to hydrocarbons. Fuel-system quick connectors, filler necks, evaporative emissions brackets, and fuel-rail spacers are produced from this grade where dimensional stability must be maintained under cyclic exposure to E10 and E85 test fuels. In cooling circuits, thermostat housings, pump impellers, expansion-tank fittings, and sensor adapters are specified with PA12-GF50 when glycol-water mixtures at 120 °C and 1.0–2.0 bar are encountered. The 50 wt% glass fibre loading raises the tensile modulus above unreinforced PA12 by a factor of approximately eight, moving the material from flexible semi-structural use into rigid housing and connector functions. In compressed-air and pneumatic systems, the grade is used for filter bowls and distributor blocks where pressure cycling at 10–16 bar requires sustained creep resistance. Published data for this specific configuration in long-term ethanol immersion is limited; therefore, validation is performed according to SAE J1681 for fuel resistance and ISO 175 for chemical exposure. The material is not recommended for applications requiring continuous exposure to strong mineral acids, concentrated formic acid, or hot phenolic solutions.
When components are conditioned at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity, dimensional movement is governed primarily by the low moisture uptake of the PA12 matrix rather than by fibre relaxation. The supplier-published data for Grilamid LVX-50H nat include tensile modulus of 17,200 MPa dry and 16,000 MPa conditioned under ISO 527-1/-2; Charpy notched impact of 18 kJ/m² dry and 15 kJ/m² conditioned under ISO 179-1/1eA; and heat deflection temperature of 175 °C at 1.8 MPa under ISO 75-1/-2. At sub-zero temperatures, PA12 retains better impact than PA66 at equal fibre content because the lower water absorption and longer methylene sequence reduce embrittlement. Published literature for PA12-GF50 indicates notched Charpy values at −30 °C under dry conditions remain above 12 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA. The material is not intended for sustained service above its crystalline melting region, and continuous use above 150 °C requires creep and oxidative ageing validation because the heat stabilisation package is consumed progressively under air exposure.
Long-term exposure to hot water/glycol mixtures at 120 °C produces hydrolysis of the amide linkage; however, PA12 degrades at a lower rate than PA6 and PA66 under identical coolant ageing due to lower equilibrium moisture content. Ageing trials in 50:50 water/ethylene glycol at 130 °C for 1,000 h under sealed reflux typically produce tensile modulus retention above 80% for PA12-GF50, whereas PA66-GF50 may fall below 60% when the material is saturated. The lower moisture uptake also reduces the reversible thickness increase in humid service, which is relevant for snap-fit connectors and interference assemblies. Processors should avoid combining the grade with amine-based flame retardants that can advance chain scission in the polyamide matrix and reduce molecular weight during compounding. Electrical properties are typical for a glass-filled polyamide: dielectric strength under IEC 60243-1 is in the 30–40 kV/mm range for 1 mm specimens, and comparative tracking index under IEC 60112 is approximately 600 V for 50 wt% glass-fibre PA12. The natural colour designation permits subsequent laser marking or pad printing, but the surface must be free of mould release and hydrocarbon residue before marking. For food-contact or drinking-water listings, the specific regulatory status must be verified from the current EMS-Grivory compliance certificate; the product is not automatically approved under FDA 21 CFR or EU 10/2011 and must be validated against the intended contact conditions.
