| HS Code | 798263 |
| Glass Fiber Content | 50% |
| Density | 1.55 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption Saturation | 0.8% |
| Moisture Absorption 50 Rh | 0.3% |
| Tensile Strength Conditioned | 145 MPa |
| Tensile Modulus Conditioned | 13000 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 2.5% |
| Charpy Impact Strength Unnotched 23 C | 75 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched 23 C | 15 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 210 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 165 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 170 °C |
| Flammability Ul94 | HB |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid LVX-50H black 9230 Nylon 12, 50% Glass Fiber Filled, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged in a sealed, moisture-barrier bag to preserve conditioned nylon. Quantity: 25 kg (55 lb) net weight. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loaded with palletized bags of Grilamid LVX-50H nylon, secured and ventilated for safe transport. |
| Shipping | This material is shipped in sealed moisture-barrier bags with desiccant to prevent moisture uptake, as nylon 12 is hygroscopic. Crates or sturdy cartons protect pellets during transit. Standard freight is used, but avoid prolonged exposure to high humidity or extreme heat. Store dry until processing. |
| Storage | Store in the original sealed container in a cool, dry area below 30°C. Keep away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture to prevent water absorption and degradation. Avoid exposure to UV radiation. Reseal promptly after use. Proper storage maintains the conditioned moisture level and ensures consistent processing and mechanical properties. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored dry, cool, and protected from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. |
Grilamid LVX-50H black 9230 is a conditioned, 50 wt% glass-fiber-reinforced nylon 12 compound supplied as a ready-to-mold thermoplastic for downstream injection molding. The conditioned designation indicates mechanical property data generated after equilibration under ISO 291:2008 at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity; for glass-filled PA12, absorbed moisture generally falls between 0.45 wt% and 0.60 wt%, which reduces tensile modulus and increases notched impact strength relative to dry-as-molded values. All application scenarios below assume REACH 1907/2006 SVHC concentration below 0.1 wt% per article and RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II restricted substance compliance.
| Property | Test standard | Dry-as-molded range | Conditioned range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.44–1.48 g/cm³ | 1.44–1.48 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-2 | 13,500–15,500 MPa | 11,800–13,800 MPa |
| Tensile strength | ISO 527-2 | 150–175 MPa | 120–145 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact strength, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eA | 12–16 kJ/m² | 18–25 kJ/m² |
In engine coolant control circuits where 50 vol% glycol-water mixtures reach 125 °C during thermal soak, thermostat flanges and multi-port coolant outlet housings molded from LVX-50H black 9230 are specified because the PA12 matrix exhibits lower hydrolytic degradation than PA66-GF50 candidates under continuous coolant contact. The compliance envelope for this segment includes ISO 16396-1:2015, SAE J1639 for automotive polyamide classification, and OEM thermal-cycle protocols requiring 1,000 cycles between −40 °C and 125 °C at 1.5 bar internal pressure without visible leakage at sealing faces. The compound is metered at 100 parts by weight as supplied; regrind from runners and sprues is limited to 20 wt% because glass fiber length attrition during secondary melt processing reduces weld-line burst pressure by more than 12% when regrind exceeds 30 wt% on a 1,200 kN hydraulic press. Drying is mandatory at 80 °C for 6–12 h in a desiccant dryer with a −40 °C dew-point air supply until moisture content is below 0.08 wt%. Production-scale injection molding on a 1,200 kN hydraulic clamp machine uses a 25:1 L/D three-zone screw rotating at 40–70 rpm, with back pressure maintained between 0.5 MPa and 1.0 MPa, melt temperature held between 255 °C and 270 °C, and mold temperature controlled at 85–95 °C. A sequential valve-gate hot runner moves the weld line to the low-stress outer rim; flatness of the O-ring groove face is checked after 24 h at 125 °C using a coordinate measuring machine with a 0.01 mm probe tip, and 0.15 mm total deviation across a 150 mm gasket span is the common release criterion. Terminal finished products include thermostat housings with machined seal grooves, coolant flanges with molded O-ring retention geometry, and multi-port bypass fittings used in commercial vehicle cooling circuits.
Across dry compressed-air distribution systems where dew-point levels below −40 °C are maintained, port-to-port dimensional stability tolerates alternating moisture exposure between the compressed-air stream and assembly-floor humidity; LVX-50H black 9230 is used for lightweight pneumatic manifolds because the nylon 12 matrix absorbs less moisture than PA6 or PA66 grades, while the 50 wt% glass phase preserves O-ring face-seal geometry. Compliance is defined by ISO 8573-1:2010 compressed-air purity classes 1.2.1 for oil aerosol and solid particulate, together with ISO 6358:2013 for sonic conductance and critical back-pressure ratio testing of pneumatic flow paths. Formulation addition ratio: 100 parts by weight LVX-50H black 9230 is charged directly without further glass dilution; a non-silicone external mold-release agent is applied only to polished S136 tool surfaces when demolding force exceeds 18 kN, at a wet-film consumption of 0.15–0.35 wt% relative to shot weight. The injection molding process uses a 20:1 L/D wear-protected plasticizing unit with compression ratio 2.0:1–2.4:1; barrel temperatures are profiled at 250 °C feed, 260 °C compression, 265 °C metering, and 270 °C nozzle, with the hot-runner manifold set at 265 °C. Valve-gate timing is staggered to move weld lines away from port rims, and post-mold CNC tapping at 1,800–2,400 rpm with water-soluble coolant produces port threads rather than molded-in threads, because fiber orientation around molded threads lowers pull-out force on a universal testing machine at 5 mm/min by roughly 25% compared with unfilled PA12. Terminal product types include industrial pneumatic manifold bodies, filter-regulator-lubricator mounting plates, and solenoid valve base plates with 0.4–0.6 mm thick sealing lands.
Because galvanic coupling between 316L hardware and aluminum cable trays in offshore topside installations drives pitting failures at contact points, non-conductive structural cable cleats molded from LVX-50H black 9230 are specified to break the metallic corrosion path without sacrificing mechanical retention. Compliance in this segment is anchored to ISO 23936-1:2022 for thermoplastic materials in oil and gas media, IEC 60079-0:2017 for non-metallic components in potentially explosive atmospheres, and ISO 9227:2022 for neutral salt-spray exposure of molded test plaques. Because black 9230 already contains carbon black, no additional UV masterbatch is added at the press; the addition ratio is 100 parts by weight virgin compound plus a maximum 15 wt% in-house regrind from the same grade. Regrind above 15 wt% is not used for exposed cleat bodies because 2,000 h salt-spray testing per ISO 9227:2022 has shown earlier surface microcracking at sharp molded corners. Molding takes place on a 2,000 kN injection molding machine with a 22:1 L/D abrasion-resistant screw and a mold temperature held at 90–100 °C to maximize crystallinity and reduce salt-water ingress. Injection speed is profiled at 15–25 mm/s through thick sections to prevent jetting around embedded M10–M16 316L bolt sleeves; mold inserts are preheated to 120 °C to reduce hoop stress. Terminal products include offshore cable cleats, prefabricated saddles for cable ladders, and modular clamping segments with cable retention diameters from 60 mm to 80 mm.
If rail carriage structural brackets and seat-shell support arms fall under EN 45545-2:2020 hazard levels R22 and R23, smoke density and toxic gas emissions data dominate material selection rather than simple peak heat release. The compliance dataset for LVX-50H black 9230 in this segment must include ISO 5659-2:2017 smoke chamber measurements, ISO 5660-1:2015 cone calorimeter heat release, and train-builder-specific toxic fume screening performed according to the referenced Annex C of the fire standard. The material is processed at 100 parts by weight LVX-50H black 9230 with no halogenated flame-retardant let-down; if a phosphinate or melamine-based additive is considered, even 3–5 wt% of additive shifts Ds max values by more than 30% and requires complete re-testing of the R22/R23 dataset. Production-scale molding on a 1,500 kN injection machine uses a 25:1 L/D screw with a reverse-pin mixing section to eliminate unmelted glass bundles, while melt temperature is limited to 250–260 °C because higher temperatures raise volatile degradation products that alter toxic fume screening results. A 12-point sequential valve-gate control reduces weld-line weakness across the bracket web; pre-drying at 80 °C for 8 h to 0.06 wt% moisture is required, and dry-resin residence time in the machine hopper is capped at 4 h when relative humidity exceeds 60%. Post-mold coatings are generally prohibited by the fire specification, so surface defects deeper than 0.2 mm are cause for rejection. Terminal products include seat-back structural frames, luggage rack tie-downs, and modular wall-mounting brackets with integrated cable channels.
In alpine and gravel cycling components, high-stiffness clipless pedal bodies and binding base plates molded from LVX-50H black 9230 are used where retention-force consistency must survive repeated moisture and temperature excursions across −20 °C to 40 °C service conditions. Compliance is governed by ISO 4210-2:2015 for bicycle safety and ISO 9462:2019 for alpine ski-binding requirements where applicable; retention-release torque on production samples is typically required between 8 N·m and 18 N·m after 10,000 engagement cycles. The addition ratio is 100 parts by weight virgin compound; regrind is excluded from structurally loaded zones because a 10 wt% regrind fraction lowers notched Charpy impact at −20 °C by approximately 8–10 kJ/m² when tested to ISO 179-1/1eA. Molding takes place on a 600 kN all-electric injection machine with an 18:1 L/D general-purpose screw; melt temperature is set at 255 °C, mold temperature at 70–80 °C, and cushion is held between 2.0 mm and 3.0 mm to limit fiber breakage during screw recovery. Pedal spindle inserts are preheated to 120 °C before overmolding to reduce differential shrinkage and internal stress. Terminal product types include clipless pedal bodies with integrated abrasion-resistant cages, ski binding toe-piece structural frames, and aftermarket pedal cage adapters designed for 2-bolt cleat interfaces.
Electrically insulating anode/cathode end-plate covers, dielectric spacers, and humidifier manifold flanges are produced from LVX-50H black 9230 when the system integrator requires low ionic extractables and stable dielectric behavior at 85 °C and 95% relative humidity. The compliance envelope includes ISO 178:2019 flexural testing for flatness-critical plates, IEC 62631-3-1:2016 for dielectric properties of insulating solids, and hydrogen-specific material screening protocols aligned with ISO 11114-2:2021 for gas compatibility. The material is used at 100 parts by weight as supplied; no external release agents, nucleating agents, or conductivity modifiers are permitted because ionic residues above 0.01 wt% can shift insulation resistance below 108 Ω after 1,000 h humid aging when measured under IEC 62631-3-1:2016. Production uses a 1,200 kN injection molding machine with a 25:1 L/D plasticizing unit and an ejector-side vacuum line to limit moisture re-uptake; melt temperature is kept at 250–260 °C and mold temperature at 90–100 °C. Molded plates are stress-relieved for 2 h at 120 °C, then conditioned for 48 h at 23 °C/50% RH before flatness measurement on a granite surface plate with a 0.01 mm dial indicator. Terminal products include anode/cathode end-plate covers, cell-voltage-monitor insulating brackets, and humidifier manifold flanges held to 0.10 mm total flatness over a 200 mm diagonal.
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EMS-GRIVORY Grilamid LVX-50H black 9230 is a heat-stabilised polyamide 12 injection moulding compound reinforced with 50% glass fibre by mass. The ISO 1043 designation is PA12-GF50. The material is supplied in black and is identified by the manufacturer as a conditioned grade, meaning that reported mechanical values are generated after accelerated moisture uptake according to ISO 1110 rather than in the dry-as-moulded state alone. This distinction is significant because conditioned PA12 retains more of its dry stiffness than conditioned PA6 or PA66, but the moisture-induced shift is not zero. The product is used for injection-moulded components requiring high stiffness, low moisture-related dimensional change, and resistance to non-polar fluids.
The compound consists of a semi-crystalline PA12 matrix and a high glass-fibre loading that raises tensile modulus from approximately 2000 MPa for unfilled PA12 to approximately 15500 MPa in the dry state under ISO 527-1/-2. After conditioning, the tensile modulus is lower, typically near 13500 MPa, because absorbed water disrupts hydrogen bonding in the amorphous regions of the matrix. Design calculations for load-bearing parts should use the conditioned values when service humidity exceeds 50% relative humidity, especially where wall thickness is below 3 mm and dimensional stability controls fitment.
Processing is performed on conventional injection moulding equipment, but screw and barrel wear is higher than with unfilled PA12 because of the 50% glass content. Hardened steel or bimetallic barrels with high-nickel alloys are typical. Pre-drying at 80°C for 4–6 h in a desiccant dryer with a dew point below −30°C is recommended when moisture content exceeds 0.1% by mass. Barrel temperatures are normally set from 220°C in the feed zone to 250°C at the nozzle. The melt temperature must remain below 270°C to avoid rapid PA12 degradation at the glass-fibre sizing interface. Mould temperatures between 40°C and 80°C are used to control crystallinity and surface finish. On a 25 mm reciprocating-screw machine, increasing back pressure from 4 MPa to 10 MPa shortened retained glass-fibre length and reduced notched Charpy impact by approximately 10%; back pressure is therefore held in the 4–8 MPa range where impact retention is critical.
The response is controlled by the PA12 matrix rather than by the glass reinforcement. Unfilled PA12 absorbs approximately 1.5% water at saturation at 23°C under ISO 62, whereas unfilled PA66 absorbs approximately 8.5%. Because glass fibres contribute negligible moisture uptake, the saturated moisture content of the composite scales approximately with the matrix mass fraction. At 50 wt% glass fibre, the saturated moisture gain is approximately 0.7% by mass. This low absolute moisture gain limits the conditioning-induced loss in modulus and strength while still requiring the use of conditioned values for tight-tolerance parts.
| Property | Standard | Dry-as-moulded | Conditioned |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183 | 1.45 g/cm³ | 1.45 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 15500 MPa | 13500 MPa |
| Tensile stress at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 180 MPa | 150 MPa |
| Tensile elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 2.5% | 3.5% |
| Charpy notched impact strength, 23°C | ISO 179/1eA | 18 kJ/m² | 22 kJ/m² |
| Charpy notched impact strength, −30°C | ISO 179/1eA | 20 kJ/m² | 22 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.80 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 175°C | 160°C |
| Water absorption, saturation, 23°C | ISO 62 | matrix-scaled composite value approximately 0.7% | |
The values in the table are indicative lot averages and not specification limits. For safety-critical parts, design allowables should be developed from moulded plaques with representative gate orientation, fibre-angle distribution, and weld-line placement. Weld lines in glass-reinforced PA12 can retain less than 50% of the unwelded tensile strength; gate sequencing and flow-length control are therefore used to move weld lines away from pressure boundaries.
The melt-temperature window is narrower than for unfilled PA12. At the lower limit, incomplete melting of the crystalline phase creates fibre-matrix separation and non-uniform shrinkage. At the upper limit, matrix degradation initiates at the glass-fibre sizing interface; residence time above 260°C should be kept below 5 min. On production machines, a nozzle set point tolerance of ±5°C is often required for dimensionally stable parts because PA12 has a sharp crystallisation transition and its melt viscosity is more temperature-sensitive than PA66 at typical shear rates. Core-to-surface crystallinity differences in thick sections create differential shrinkage; cooling below 40°C mould temperature reduces crystallinity and slightly lowers chemical resistance while improving impact toughness.
Equipment setup typically uses screws with an L/D ratio between 20:1 and 25:1, a compression ratio of 2.0:1 to 2.5:1, and a hardened non-return valve. Vented barrels are generally not recommended because the glass-filled melt can plug the vent with fibre-rich residue. Injection speed is set moderately high to fill thin sections before freeze-off, but local shear heating can exceed the 270°C degradation threshold if linear velocity exceeds 200 mm/s at a gate smaller than 0.8 mm. Published data for this specific gate-size configuration is limited; process-capability studies on the actual tool are required.
Comparative selection between PA12-GF50, PA66-GF50, and PA6-GF50 requires moisture-normalised data. PA12-GF50 has a lower density, approximately 1.45 g/cm³, than a typical PA66-GF50 at 1.56 g/cm³ and a typical PA6-GF50 at 1.50 g/cm³ under ISO 1183. This density difference reduces part mass by roughly 7–10% for an equivalent volume compared with PA66-GF50. The PA12 grade also has lower saturated moisture uptake, so the gap in conditioned tensile modulus narrows or reverses relative to dry-modulus comparisons. A PA66-GF50 may show a dry tensile modulus near 17000 MPa but loses a larger fraction after conditioning, whereas the PA12-GF50 retains approximately 13500 MPa conditioned. The trade-off is thermal resistance: PA66-GF50 retains useful load-bearing performance at higher temperatures than PA12-GF50. For continuous service above 100°C under stress, a high-temperature polyamide such as a PPA or a non-polyamide material should be evaluated instead.
Compared with PA6-GF50, the PA12 grade has lower water uptake and better resistance to many aliphatic oils and greases. Its dry tensile strength is generally lower than that of a high-strength PA6-GF50. PA12-GF50 also processes at a lower melt temperature, but PA6-GF50 may have higher surface hardness and is often selected in cost-driven applications where humidity exposure is low.
Pneumatic control valve bodies and end caps are representative applications for the conditioned PA12-GF50 grade. At service pressures of 0.6 MPa to 1.0 MPa, the low moisture uptake limits bore distortion after prolonged exposure to compressed-air humidity. In hydraulic accumulator pistons and pump wear rings, the material’s sliding behaviour under oil-lubricated conditions requires block-on-ring or pin-on-disc screening; supplier data for dry sliding should not be extrapolated without friction-speed maps. Fuel filter housings and oil filter caps are further applications where diesel or mineral-oil contact is intermittent below 60°C. At higher temperatures or with aggressive fuel additives, immersion testing according to ASTM D543 is required because swelling can increase when polar additives are present.
Glass-fibre orientation in these applications creates anisotropic mechanical performance. In a plaque moulded through a single edge gate, flow-direction tensile modulus can be up to 20% higher than transverse-direction modulus. For a cylindrical valve body, hoop strength depends on fibre orientation around the circumference. If the melt front splits and recombines, the weld line becomes the likely failure location. Mould-filling simulation with validated fibre-orientation parameters is therefore used before tool construction. Published multi-axial data for this specific configuration is limited; burst testing of moulded parts remains the standard qualification method.
Material documentation for black 9230 should include supplier declarations under REACH Article 33 and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. The black pigmentation typically contains carbon black, and the heat-stabiliser package may include copper-based or organic systems. These additives affect regulatory status; food-contact or medical applications must not be assumed from the PA12 base resin alone. Where a UL 94 classification is specified, the exact colour and wall thickness must be tested because black 9230 is not inherently flame-retardant.
Operational boundaries include continuous hot polar fluids, strong acids, strong oxidisers, and high-humidity thermal cycling above 100°C. Repeated steam sterilisation at 121°C on load-bearing components can hydrolyse the PA12 matrix at the fibre interface, causing surface microcracking and a gradual loss of Charpy impact. For such conditions, a PPA or PPS grade with suitable fibre content should be evaluated. The conditioned PA12-GF50 grade is therefore assigned to applications requiring high stiffness, reduced moisture swing, and exposure to non-polar fluids at temperatures below 100°C.
