| HS Code | 626987 |
| Material | EMS-Grivory Grilamid LV-3 X ESD Black Nylon 12 |
| Glass Fiber Content | 30% |
| Conditioning | Conditioned (50% RH / ISO 1110) |
| Color | Black |
| Density | 1.24 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength Conditioned | 100 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 3% |
| Tensile Modulus Conditioned | 6800 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus Conditioned | 5500 MPa |
| Flexural Strength Conditioned | 120 MPa |
| Izod Impact Notched Conditioned | 7 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 150 °C |
| Volume Resistivity | 1E5 Ω·cm |
| Surface Resistivity | 1E5 Ω/sq |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black Nylon 12, 30% Glass Fiber Filled, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 25 kg net in moisture-resistant sealed foil bags with desiccant, palletized and stretch-wrapped to maintain conditioned nylon quality. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: 30% glass-filled nylon 12 pellets, ESD black, conditioned, packed in bags on pallets, loaded securely. |
| Shipping | This ESD-safe nylon 12 compound is shipped in moisture-barrier packaging to preserve conditioned properties and prevent static charge buildup. Orders are packed securely on pallets, banded, and protected against impact. Standard ground freight applies, with expedited options available. Keep sealed until use and store in a dry environment. |
| Storage | Store in a sealed, original container in a cool, dry environment at room temperature. Protect from moisture absorption, direct sunlight, and heat sources. Keep opened material tightly resealed, as nylon 12 must retain its conditioned moisture balance. Avoid exposure to dust and contaminants. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed packaging, cool and dry. Shelf life typically 2 years from manufacture date if unopened. |
Within semiconductor front-end packaging cells, static-dissipative gripper jaws and wafer cassette shelf inserts are machined from injection-molded blanks of EMS-Grivory Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black, a polyamide 12 matrix carrying 30 % by weight glass fiber and a conductive carbon-based modifier. The conditioned state, defined as equilibrium moisture uptake at 23 °C and 50 % RH under ISO 291, typically produces a water content of 0.6–0.8 %. This moisture level reduces dry tensile modulus while increasing Charpy notched impact resistance, measured per ISO 179-1/1eA. The trade-off is significant in thin vacuum-channel end-effectors: higher ductility at the expense of 8–12 % modulus reduction can affect deflection under 0.3–0.6 MPa vacuum differential. Static control compliance follows IEC 61340-5-1, which requires that process-required insulators within 300 mm of ESDS devices exhibit surface resistance below 1 × 109 Ω when tested according to IEC 61340-2-3. As an ESD black grade, the formulation is supplied with a datasheet surface resistivity specification of 1 × 105 Ω to 1 × 109 Ω; bulk absorption and surface cleaning after 50 isopropyl alcohol wipes should be validated per lot because conditioning shifts surface moisture and can raise measured values by up to one decade in high-humidity fab aisles.
Molding begins with pre-drying in a closed-loop desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4–8 h to reach residual moisture below 0.10 % by weight, measured with a Karl Fischer titrator. Barrel temperatures are profiled from hopper to nozzle in the range 240–280 °C, and the tool is held at 70–90 °C. Medium injection speed with packing pressure between 600 bar and 900 bar is applied to minimize glass fiber orientation at weld lines; gate positioning is placed away from vacuum channel edges to prevent brittle fracture zones. After ejection, machined blanks are conditioned according to ISO 1110 accelerated protocols at 70 °C and 62 % RH until the moisture uptake curve plateaus. Terminal parts include vacuum gripper plates, wafer cassette shelf rails, and test socket carrier plates used in final electrical test cells. For a 150 mm long machined rail, a linear moisture expansion coefficient of approximately 0.005 %/% H₂O can produce 0.05–0.08 mm length drift from dry to conditioned state, so final machining tolerances are shifted by −0.04 mm on hole-to-datum positions before moisture equilibration.
The use of Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black in fuel quick connectors is driven by three simultaneous requirements: low-temperature ductility, creep resistance at 120 °C continuous fuel exposure, and surface resistivity low enough to prevent flow electrification during refueling or high-velocity pump recirculation. Conditioning to 0.6–0.8 % moisture reduces the glass transition brittleness that PA12 would otherwise exhibit at −40 °C, while the 30 % glass fiber reinforces the barb retention geometry against hoop stress relaxation. Surface resistivity measured per IEC 61340-2-3 is typically specified between 1 × 105 Ω and 1 × 108 Ω; this range allows charge to bleed before reaching spark energy thresholds in gasoline vapor/air mixtures. Compliance for fuel system quick connectors references SAE J2044 for dimensional and functional requirements, ISO 19013-1 for fuel hose assemblies, and ASTM D471 for volume swell after 168 h immersion in reference fuel. The ESD modifier does not eliminate the need for a conductive path through the mating metal retainer; electrical continuity from connector body to tube end is verified at < 10 Ω during production lot testing.
Processing uses hot-runner multi-cavity tools with individually heated nozzles set 20–30 °C below the melt plateau to avoid degradation of the conductive additive. Melt temperature is maintained at 260–285 °C; mold temperature is 80–100 °C to develop high crystallinity in the sealing barb region. Fill time for a 4 g connector remains under 0.8 s to avoid premature freeze-off at the glass-rich flow front. After molding, parts undergo two-stage conditioning: 24 h boiling water or 21 days at 23 °C/50 % RH until moisture content reaches 0.6 % minimum. The conditioned parts are leak-tested at 0.5 bar with nitrogen and subjected to pull-off testing of the barb retention feature at 105 °C to rule out creep fracture. Terminal products include fuel tank sender unit flanges, quick connect couplings for nylon tubing, and filler neck check valve bodies. Continuous exposure to methanol blends above 15 % by volume is not recommended because polar alcohol swelling can exceed 6 % and reduce barb retention below SAE J2044 minimum pull-off values.
| Application segment | Drying before molding | Melt temperature | Tool temperature | Conditioning target |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semiconductor end-effector and wafer cassette components | 80 °C / 4–8 h to < 0.10 % | 240–280 °C | 70–90 °C | 0.6–0.8 % moisture per ISO 1110 |
| Fuel quick connectors | 80 °C / 6–8 h to < 0.10 % | 260–285 °C | 80–100 °C | 0.6 % minimum before leak test |
| ATEX powder conveyor wear strips | 80 °C / 4 h desiccant drier | 240–270 °C | 70–90 °C | 0.6–0.8 % moisture |
| Electronics assembly jigs | 80 °C / 4–8 h | 250–275 °C | 70–90 °C | 14–21 days at 23 °C/50 % RH |
| Solvent transfer pump housings | 80 °C / 4 h | 240–270 °C | 60–80 °C | 23 °C/50 % RH equilibrium |
| Outdoor cable connector housings | 80 °C / 6–8 h | 250–280 °C | 80–90 °C | 0.6–0.8 % moisture |
Pneumatic conveying lines transferring organic powders with minimum ignition energy below 1 mJ require non-metallic wear components that do not allow surface potential to reach ignition risk thresholds. Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black is injection molded into rectangular wear strips and guide rails inside mild steel ducts handling flour, sugar dust, or polyethylene fines. The material is processed at melt temperatures of 240–270 °C, with mold temperature 70–90 °C to minimize sink marks in thick-section strips. After moisture conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH, surface resistivity is tested per IEC 61340-2-3 on a 100 mm × 100 mm coupon; the acceptance window for Zone 21 internal components is 1 × 105 Ω to 1 × 109 Ω. Charge decay from ±1000 V to ±100 V is checked with a charged plate monitor; values above 2 s trigger rework or replacement. The glass fiber content improves wear life in dry powder abrasion compared with unfilled PA12, but abrasive quartz-filled powders can reduce strip service life to 6–12 months and require periodic surface resistivity re-testing because surface wear removes the conductive surface layer.
Under Directive 2014/34/EU, the polymer component is not itself a protective system, but it is selected under the risk assessment of IEC TS 60079-32-1 for electrostatic hazards in explosive atmospheres. Equipotential bonding is mandatory: each wear strip segment is mechanically fixed with conductive fasteners or rear-side copper strips to maintain continuity to earth below 10 Ω. Because the material is carbon-filled, dust deposits alter surface readings; cleaning uses compressed air not exceeding 0.2 MPa and dry wipes to avoid antistatic detergent residues. Terminal products include elevator bucket liners, baffle plate edges, screw flight scrapers, and diverter valve wear shoes. If the application requires attachment to stainless steel through adhesive bonding, the bond line must be tested for resistance after 72 h at 40 °C and 90 % RH, as moisture absorption at the interface can shift charged-plate decay performance.
Where surface-mount assembly fixtures are transferred between low-humidity nitrogen storage and 55–60 % RH cleanroom floors, unfilled PA6 or PA66 fixture plates can shift hole-to-datum positions by more than 0.10 mm across a 200 mm span. Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black is used for pin insertion fixtures, connector terminal alignment plates, and press-fit bearing alignment rails because the PA12 base polymer absorbs less moisture than short-chain polyamides. Equilibrium water uptake at 23 °C/50 % RH is approximately 0.7 %, compared with 2.5–3.0 % for PA66. The 30 % glass fiber further reduces linear hygroscopic expansion; engineering calculations typically apply 0.005 % dimension change per 1.0 % moisture change for the reinforced grade. Machined fixtures are post-conditioned for 14–21 days before final CNC drilling to stabilize dimensions; if dry machining is followed by later exposure to cleanroom humidity, fixture holes may drift upward by 0.03–0.06 mm on a 180 mm datum length.
ESD performance is governed by IEC 61340-5-1: dissipative work surfaces, jigs, and fixtures must have surface resistance between 1 × 105 Ω and 1 × 109 Ω and resistance-to-groundable point between 1 × 105 Ω and 1 × 109 Ω. For this material, the ESD additive is dispersed during compounding. Injection molding parameters for fixture blanks include melt temperature 250–275 °C, mold temperature 70–90 °C, and packing pressure 500–800 bar. Sharp internal corners below 0.5 mm radius should be avoided because glass fiber orientation at steep transitions creates local surface resistivity spikes above 1010 Ω. Terminal products include functional test fixture base plates, vision inspection nests, and SMT stencil tensioning frames used only at ambient thermal conditions. The material is not rated for wave solder pallets, as continuous contact with 260 °C solder exceeds the short-term heat deflection capability of PA12-GF30.
Because gear pumps handling toluene-based flexographic inks operate with fluid conductivity below 50 pS/m, static charge generated by laminar flow across polymer gears can accumulate on metallic internals unless a dissipative engineering polymer is specified for the casing and front cover. Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black is injection molded into volute segments and centering rings at melt temperature 240–270 °C and mold temperature 60–80 °C. Post-molding conditioning at 23 °C/50 % RH improves impact resistance and stabilizes surface resistivity. The ESD grade provides surface resistivity between 105 Ω and 109 Ω to bleed charge to the pump frame; however, direct contact with toluene and other aromatic solvents can cause moderate swelling. Long-term compatibility must be verified per ASTM D543 for 30-day immersion; published data for this specific configuration is limited, so an immersion test on an actual volute coupon is required before production release. The 30 % glass fiber increases creep resistance under discharge pressures up to 6 bar; pump housing bolts are torque-limited to 4 N·m to avoid compressive creep of the polymer flange. Terminal components include gear pump front covers, sight glass retainers, and magnetic coupling insulating sleeves for solvent transfer lines. Do not use with ketone, ester, or chlorinated solvent concentrations above 5 % due to stress cracking of PA12.
| Standard / test method | Application context | Measured property | Acceptance window / limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEC 61340-2-3 | ESD work fixtures, housings, wear strips | Surface resistance | 1 × 105 Ω to 1 × 109 Ω |
| ANSI/ESD S20.20 | Electronics assembly and semiconductor packaging | Resistance-to-ground and dissipative classification | < 10 Ω hardware continuity; dissipative material range |
| SAE J2044 | Fuel quick connectors | Dimensional group, pull-off retention | Per standard dimensional group; no barb fracture at 105 °C |
| IEC TS 60079-32-1 | ATEX powder conveying | Electrostatic hazard risk assessment | Surface potential below ignition threshold for < 1 mJ powders |
| ASTM D543 | Solvent transfer pump components | Mass / volume change, visual stress cracking | Report change; no stress cracks after 30 days immersion |
| ISO 4892-2 | Outdoor cable connector housings | Surface resistivity after xenon exposure | Shift < 1 decade after 1000 h |
Outdoor telemetry units and fieldbus connectors in agricultural or solar monitoring networks require connector housings that combine static dissipation, UV resistance, and impact strength at −40 °C. Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black is injection molded into circular connector shells and cable gland bodies because the carbon-based ESD modifier also provides UV stabilization; conditioning to 0.6–0.8 % moisture provides embrittlement relief for cold-weather mating. Surface resistance measured per IEC 61340-2-3 remains below 1 × 109 Ω, while resistance from any point on the shell to the cable shield termination is < 10 Ω under IEC 61984 connector safety tests. The 30 % glass fiber provides thread strength for repeated mating cycles; threaded rings are molded with an internal radius of at least 0.4 mm to prevent glass fiber surface accumulation at the thread root. Melt temperature during molding is held at 250–280 °C, with mold temperature 80–90 °C to maximize crystallinity and thread fidelity. Hot-tip gating on the rear face of the shell avoids visible gate blemishes on sealing surfaces.
Terminal products include M12 and M23 circular connector housings, solar combiner box cable glands, and RS-485 fieldbus enclosure bosses. Outdoor weathering is validated by ISO 4892-2 xenon arc exposure for 1000 h; surface resistivity is re-tested after weathering because polymer surface oxidation can shift readings by up to one decade. The material is not suitable for continuous submersion in water under pressure; IP 68 applications require a face seal gasket because PA12-GF30 housings may exhibit slight moisture-induced dimensional expansion after 14 days at 95 % RH. Regulatory statements for the grade should be confirmed against the supplier documentation for RoHS 2011/65/EU and REACH 1907/2006 declarations before release into EU-manufactured equipment.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid LV-3 X ESD black is a semi-crystalline polyamide 12 injection-moulding compound filled with 30% by weight short glass fibres and modified with a carbon-based electrostatic-dissipative system. The black coloration is attributable to the conductive carbon modification rather than to a cosmetic pigment. The term “Conditioned” in the product data sheet identifies the moisture-equilibrated state after exposure to 23 °C and 50% relative humidity in accordance with ISO 291, or after accelerated conditioning per ISO 1110. For polyamide 12, conditioned moisture uptake is lower than that of PA6 or PA66 at the same atmosphere. This characteristic reduces moisture-induced dimensional movement and property drift in humid service environments. The grade is supplied as granules and is intended for injection moulding and extrusion of components where static charge accumulation must be limited.
At 23 °C and 50% relative humidity, PA12 typically absorbs between 0.5% and 0.8% moisture by weight when evaluated per ISO 62. PA6 and PA66 under comparable exposure absorb approximately 2.5% to 3.0%. The lower amide-group density in PA12 reduces the plasticizing effect of absorbed water. In practice, a conditioned PA12-GF30 component retains a larger share of its dry-as-moulded stiffness and exhibits less dimensional growth than a PA66-GF30 part in the same atmosphere. Density measured by ISO 1183-1 for glass-filled PA12 is class-typical at 1.22–1.30 g/cm³, below the 1.35–1.40 g/cm³ band common for PA66-GF30. Aliphatic hydrocarbon resistance and low-temperature impact are additional class advantages, but the dry tensile modulus of PA12-GF30 is generally lower than that of PA66-GF30. Substitution into an existing design therefore requires recalculation using ISO 527-2 tensile data rather than direct interchange.
After conditioning at 23 °C and 50% RH, a 30% glass-fibre PA12 typically shows a tensile modulus in the 3,500–5,000 MPa range and a yield stress in the 50–70 MPa range when tested to ISO 527-2. The supplier datasheet lists the specific values for LV-3 X ESD black. Notched Charpy impact measured per ISO 179-1/1eA is generally higher in the conditioned state than in the dry-as-moulded state because absorbed water acts as a plasticizer. Elongation at break remains low relative to unfilled PA12 because the glass fibres restrict ductility. Designers should use conditioned datasheet values for service loads unless the component operates in dry air or at sustained elevated temperature.
Surface resistivity of unmodified PA12 is normally above 10^12 Ω when tested per IEC 61340-2-3. In LV-3 X ESD black, the carbon-based conductive network reduces this value into a range suitable for charge dissipation. ESD-protected areas defined by IEC 61340-5-1 typically require materials with surface resistance below 1 × 10^11 Ω; conductive compounds are often below 1 × 10^5 Ω. The exact datasheet values depend on electrode geometry, relative humidity, and moulded surface condition. Charge decay time should be measured on the finished article using IEC 61340-5-1 because part geometry, weld lines, and surface contamination can create local insulating regions. The conditioning state also matters: moisture uptake in PA12 can lower the measured resistivity.
Pre-drying in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4–8 h is required to reduce residual moisture below 0.10% by weight. A dryer dew point of −30 °C or lower is typical for hygroscopic polyamides. If the granulate retains more than approximately 0.15% moisture at processing temperatures, hydrolysis can generate surface streaks, reduce molecular weight, and lower impact strength. Injection moulding machines with a three-zone general-purpose screw of L/D 20:1–24:1 and a non-return valve are suitable. The melt temperature at the nozzle should be held between 230 °C and 260 °C. Mould temperature should be maintained between 80 °C and 120 °C to promote crystallinity and stabilise dimensions. Excessive shear from small gates or high injection speeds can damage the conductive carbon-black network and raise surface resistivity. Mould venting should use depths of 0.015–0.03 mm where feasible to prevent gas burn without flash.
For compounding of glass-fibre ESD PA12, co-rotating twin-screw extruders with L/D 32:1–40:1 are used commercially. Glass fibre is normally introduced downstream into the molten polyamide 12 matrix to preserve fibre length. Carbon black or a conductive masterbatch is introduced earlier to complete dispersion before fibre addition. Published compounding studies for short-glass polyamides report specific energy input near 0.20–0.30 kWh/kg. Higher energy input reduces fibre length and lowers notched Charpy impact measured per ISO 179-1/1eA. Melt filtration with screen packs of 200–500 μm is applied to reduce agglomerates that can block injection gates. The finished pellets require drying to the target residual moisture before moulding.
Compared with unfilled PA12, the 30% glass-fibre reinforcement raises tensile modulus and heat deflection temperature while reducing mould shrinkage and isotropic thermal expansion. Heat deflection temperature can be evaluated per ISO 75-2, and mould shrinkage per ISO 294-4. The trade-off is a reduction in elongation and an increase in density. Unfilled PA12 remains more suitable for snap-fit designs requiring high strain, whereas LV-3 X ESD black is selected when structural stiffness and charge dissipation are both required.
Representative injection-moulded uses include housings, clips, trays, and fixtures for electronics assembly where tribocharging can damage semiconductor components. The ESD property is required to meet IEC 61340-5-1 protective-area requirements, but the final article must be verified because injection moulding can produce a resin-rich skin with different resistivity than the core. In fuel handling, PA12 is used for quick connectors, vapour lines, and sensor housings because of low permeation and resistance to aliphatic fuels; the ESD variant reduces static accumulation during fuel flow. In potentially explosive atmospheres, equipment-level assessment under Directive 2014/34/EU or an equivalent ignition-hazard evaluation is required. The moulding compound alone does not grant ATEX category approval. Conveyor components that contact printed-circuit boards should be checked periodically for surface resistivity per IEC 61340-2-3 because abrasion can remove the conductive surface layer and restore insulating behaviour.
The 30% glass-fibre loading creates anisotropic mould shrinkage. Flow-direction shrinkage is typically lower than transverse shrinkage, often by a factor of two. Published datasheets for PA12-GF30 grades generally list mould shrinkage in the 0.2–0.6% range, but actual values vary with wall thickness and gate location. Conductive carbon black further modifies melt rheology and thermal conductivity, which can widen the shrinkage differential in multi-gated tools. Weld-line regions in glass-fibre-reinforced polyamides show reduced strength because fibres orient parallel to the weld plane. Tensile bars with an intentional weld line tested per ISO 527-2 may show strength reductions of 30–50% relative to unwelded bars. In ESD grades, weld lines may also display higher surface resistivity. Tool design should place gates so that weld lines are outside mechanically loaded zones. If this is not possible, the mould should use higher melt temperature and adequate venting to improve weld strength.
Chemical resistance of PA12 in aliphatic hydrocarbons, oils, and greases is superior to PA6 and PA66. Property retention after immersion can be evaluated per ISO 175. Strong acids, polar solvents, and certain chlorinated hydrocarbons degrade the matrix. Zinc chloride solutions can cause environmental stress cracking in some polyamides, so components exposed to road de-icing salts or industrial chlorides should be screened using ISO 22088-2 before production.
Regulatory declarations for REACH and RoHS are available from the material supplier. For RoHS technical documentation, final-article testing per IEC 63000 is normally used. The ESD modification does not automatically confer food-contact, drinking-water, or medical-grade status; those approvals must be confirmed for the exact grade and final article according to the relevant regional standard.
