| HS Code | 756452 |
| Density | 1.05 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption At Saturation | 1.5% |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 40 °C |
| Tensile Modulus | 1500 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 50% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1300 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched 23 C | 30 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 50 °C |
| Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion | 1.5e-4 /°C |
| Volume Resistivity | 1e12 Ω·cm |
| Dielectric Constant 1 Mhz | 3.5 |
| Flammability Rating Ul94 | HB |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid LM-05 HX nat Nylon 12, Unspecified Nano, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied as dry, nano-compounded Nylon 12 pellets in sealed 25 kg bags, ensuring moisture protection and product purity. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading: dry nylon 12 granules in sealed bags, palletized, secured, ventilated, protected from moisture, weight optimized. |
| Shipping | Shipping: EMS-Grivory Grilamid LM-05 HX nat is not regulated as dangerous goods under IMO/IMDG, IATA, or ADR. It may be shipped by standard freight without hazmat classification. Keep dry and avoid excessive heat or moisture exposure during transport. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid LM-05 HX nat in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry area below 50°C. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and heat sources. Keep away from oxidizing agents. If pellets absorb moisture, dry them before use. Maintain good ventilation and avoid dust accumulation. |
| Shelf Life | Store dry in original sealed packaging at room temperature. Typical shelf life is two years from the date of manufacture. |
The material designated EMS-Grivory Grilamid LM-05 HX nat Nylon 12, Unspecified Nano, Dry belongs to the semi-crystalline polyamide 12 family with a heat-stabilized and natural-colour specification. The presence of an unspecified nano-scale component restricts deterministic property prediction; without the supplier’s technical data sheet for filler chemistry, loading, and surface treatment, grade-specific values for tensile modulus, heat-deflection temperature, and melt viscosity cannot be reliably derived from generic PA12 databases. Published data for this specific configuration is limited. Processing decisions must therefore be anchored to the known behaviour of heat-stabilized PA12 homopolymer, which typically exhibits a melting point in the range of 175 °C to 180 °C under ISO 11357-3, a density of approximately 1.01 g/cm³ to 1.02 g/cm³ under ISO 1183-1, and saturation moisture uptake near 1.1% under ISO 62. Drying is mandatory before melt processing when the material has been exposed to ambient humidity; for PA12 conversion, a desiccant dryer with a dew point of −30 °C and an air temperature of 80 °C for 4 h to 8 h is used to achieve a residual moisture content below 0.10%. The downstream application segments below reflect those industrial sectors where heat-stabilized PA12 with low-viscosity flow characteristics is prospectively converted, but each application must be validated against the exact filler content and the supplier’s lot-specific certificate.
Thin-wall snap-fit connectors in fuel delivery modules, quick connectors, and sensor housings are conversion targets for low-viscosity polyamide 12 because wall sections below 1.0 mm require high flow length with minimal internal stress. A production-scale reciprocating screw with an L/D ratio of 20:1 and a check ring designed for low-viscosity engineering resins is typically used; the barrels are profiled from a feed zone of 230 °C to a nozzle zone of 250 °C, with the mould held at 40 °C to 80 °C. The lower mould temperature range favours faster cycle time, while the upper range improves crystallinity and snap-fit resilience, but extends cooling time in thick bosses. Weld-line formation in multi-gate tools is the dominant processing conflict: in unfilled PA12, notched Charpy impact retention at a weld line is highly dependent on mould temperature and melt-front interdiffusion, and the presence of an unspecified nano-filler may further suppress or improve this retention depending on particle surface treatment. Published data for this specific configuration is limited. Filling pressure should be monitored rather than fixed; when a hot-runner valve gate is used, the nozzle tip is kept above 245 °C to prevent cold-slug formation, and injection speed is set to fill thin ribs before flow front solidification. Post-moulding dimensions are assessed after moisture conditioning because PA12 absorbs atmospheric water and stabilizes dimensions only after equilibrium is reached under ISO 1110. Snap-fit designs must account for the humidity-dependent modulus of PA12, which drops measurably at equilibrium moisture content compared with dry-as-moulded values; finite element evaluation using tensile data from ISO 527-2 is necessary for interference fit calculations.
Coextruded automotive fuel-vapour lines use a heat-stabilized PA12 outer layer to provide impact strength, abrasion resistance, and environmental stress cracking resistance over fluoropolymer barrier layers. The outer jacket is not the primary hydrocarbon barrier; it carries mechanical load, retains the barrier integrity under stone impact, and resists external road salts, fuel splash, and engine bay cleaning agents. Extrusion lines for this jacket are normally single-screw machines with an L/D ratio of 30:1 to 36:1, a barrier screw geometry, and a static mixer before the multi-layer die. Barrel temperatures are profiled from 220 °C at the feed throat to 245 °C at the adapter, with the die head held at 235 °C to 250 °C. Moisture control is critical because water vapour in the melt creates surface pitting and reduces interlayer adhesion; the resin is dried to below 0.08% residual moisture before entering the hopper. In production, pressure fluctuations across the screen pack often increase when a nano-filler is present because filler agglomerates raise filtration resistance; a continuous screen changer with a differential pressure alarm is specified to detect clogging before local melt temperature rises cause thermo-oxidative surface defects. Compliance for underhood fuel vapour lines is generally governed by SAE J2260 and OEM-specific hydrocarbon permeation limits; the PA12 jacket itself must maintain cold-temperature impact resistance after heat-ageing and fuel exposure. Long-term moisture absorption shifts the jacket’s tensile modulus by a limited amount relative to other polyamides, but dimensional changes in fuel-line clips and retaining features should be verified under ISO 1110 accelerated moisture conditioning.
Truck and bus pneumatic brake tubing is a conventional application for heat-stabilized PA12 because the material satisfies the mechanical and environmental demands typically referenced under SAE J844. A gear pump is interposed between the extruder and the tube die to damp screw-induced pressure pulsation; the suction-side pressure is maintained above 30 bar to avoid cavitation, while the die pressure depends on tube dimensions and draw-down ratio. The presence of an unspecified nano-scale filler introduces a processing variable at the melt pump inlet because filler-melt interactions can shift the onset of cavitation. On production lines with single-screw extruders of L/D ratio 30:1, barrel temperatures are held between 230 °C and 250 °C, and the melt temperature at the pump is monitored with an infrared probe. Output stability is influenced by drying consistency: residual moisture above 0.10% causes melt viscosity reduction, visible surface roughness, and diameter variability in the sizing die. The tube is normally calibrated in water at a temperature that balances surface quenching and crystallization; drawing too rapidly raises frozen-in orientation and can reduce burst strength after boiling-water ageing. Compliance testing under SAE J844 includes dimensional and mechanical retention before and after environmental conditioning; processors producing air-brake tubing must also verify that the nano-filler package does not accelerate extraction or surface degradation when the tube is exposed to commercial truck wash chemicals. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, and trial runs on the exact grade are required to determine whether the filler shifts tube ovality and cut-length shrinkage relative to unfilled PA12.
| Conversion route | Equipment configuration | Melt temperature window | Moisture limit | Primary process risk |
| Thin-wall connector injection moulding | Reciprocating screw, L/D 20:1, check ring, hot-runner valve gate | 240 °C–260 °C | <0.10% | Weld-line impact loss; cold-slug formation at gate |
| Fuel-vapour line jacket coextrusion | Single-screw, L/D 30:1–36:1, barrier screw, static mixer | 235 °C–250 °C | <0.08% | Screen pack pressure rise from filler agglomerates |
| Pneumatic brake tubing extrusion | Single-screw, L/D 30:1, gear pump, water calibrator | 230 °C–250 °C | <0.10% | Melt pump cavitation below 30 bar; surface roughness |
| Engine bay clip injection moulding | Reciprocating screw, L/D 20:1, multi-cavity cold runner | 245 °C–260 °C | <0.10% | Residence-time degradation; sink marks at thick snap arms |
Engine bay retaining clips, harness fasteners, and fuel-line spacers have historically been moulded in polyoxymethylene, but POM is known to be sensitive to zinc chloride and strong chloride environments generated by road salt decomposition under heat. Heat-stabilized PA12 is a substitution candidate when aqueous zinc chloride exposure is combined with mechanical load; the material’s semi-crystalline structure and methylene-rich backbone provide resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons, hot oils, and many aggressive de-icing salts. Selection must be verified by environmental stress cracking testing under ISO 22088-3 using a bent-strip or tensile method in contact with the actual fluid mixture at the maximum service temperature. The operational boundary is not unlimited: concentrated formic acid, phenol, and strong mineral acids attack PA12, and continuous hot-water exposure above 80 °C can hydrolyse the amide linkage over time. In injection moulding, the clip geometry commonly combines a thin flexural hinge with a thick retention boss; this creates a packing conflict because the thin hinge solidifies before the thick boss is fully packed, leading to sink marks or internal voids. Mould temperature is therefore held in the 60 °C to 80 °C range, and hold pressure is profiled in two stages: first at high packing pressure for the boss, then at reduced pressure while the hinge solidifies. Dimensional acceptance criteria must account for post-moulding moisture uptake because a dry-as-moulded PA12 clip will expand slightly after conditioning; tolerance stack-ups on clip beam thickness and latch deflection should be evaluated using ISO 294-4 shrinkage data and humidity-dependent modulus values from ISO 527-2. The nano-filler designation introduces uncertainty in impact and friction behaviour at the clip edge, so production trials should include cold-temperature fitting force measurement and engine-bay thermal cycling before replacing POM.
Cable management components moulded from heat-stabilized PA12 operate in electrical enclosures, rail vehicles, and industrial automation systems. Natural PA12 is typically classified as HB under IEC 60695-11-10 at 1.5 mm; it is not suitable for applications requiring V-0 or high current arc ignition resistance without a flame-retardant grade. The primary process challenge in cable ties, spiral wraps, and connector shells is the combination of long flow length and thin cross-section. A reciprocating screw with L/D 20:1 and a nozzle temperature of 250 °C is used with rapid injection speed to fill the strap and head cavity before freeze-off. Moisture is maintained below 0.10% to avoid surface splay and embrittlement. Because PA12 absorbs moisture from the air, cable tie tensile strength and elongation change between dry-as-moulded and conditioned states; quality control measurements should be performed at a defined moisture equilibrium under ISO 1110 rather than immediately after moulding. The use of an unspecified nano-filler in cable management parts requires confirmation that the filler does not increase stiffness to the point where flexural fatigue of living hinges is compromised; notch sensitivity is assessed according to ISO 179/1eA before release. Published data for this specific configuration is limited.
| Application segment | Relevant standard | Test condition | Typical acceptance boundary |
| Automotive fuel-vapour line jacket | SAE J2260 | Hydrocarbon permeation at 60 °C | Must meet OEM maximum permeation limit |
| Pneumatic brake tubing | SAE J844 | Boiling-water ageing followed by burst test | No visible surface cracking; burst pressure retained |
| Engine bay clip exposed to chloride | ISO 22088-3 | Bent strip or tensile ESC in zinc chloride solution | No cracking after defined exposure time |
| Electrical enclosure cable management | IEC 60695-11-10 | Vertical or horizontal flame test at 1.5 mm | HB class only unless flame-retardant grade is substituted |
Under-hood retainers and mounting brackets are exposed to continuous air temperatures that can exceed 110 °C near exhaust components, combined with thermal cycling and oil mist. Heat-stabilized PA12 resists thermo-oxidative chain scission better than general-purpose PA12, but long-term service is still bounded by oxidation induction time and tensile strength retention. Accelerated ageing is evaluated according to ISO 188 at a defined temperature; heat-stabilized PA12 grades may be assigned a thermal index under ISO 2578 based on 5000 h half-life of specified properties, but the thermal index for this exact nano-filled grade must be obtained from the supplier because the filler can accelerate or stabilize oxidation depending on its chemistry and surface treatment. Extraction of metal ions from contact surfaces and exposure to hot glycol-based coolants above 120 °C are operational boundaries; continuous immersion in hot coolant may hydrolyse the polymer and should be specifically tested. Moulding conditions influence ageing response: a melt residence time beyond 6 min at 260 °C may reduce oxidation induction time and lower notched Charpy impact strength. The production control procedure therefore records barrel residence time, melt temperature, and shot weight for every lot; retained samples are tested by ISO 11357-6 oxidation induction time to ensure that heat-stabilizer depletion does not occur during processing. In dynamic thermal environments, fastener torque retention and clip extraction force are measured after thermal cycling to verify that the creep resistance of PA12 under load remains within the design envelope. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, but the grade’s heat-stabilized designation indicates intended use in elevated-temperature environments where retention of mechanical properties after ageing is required.
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The product designated EMS-Grivory Grilamid LM-05 HX nat appears in the public material database as Nylon 12, Unspecified Nano, Dry. The supplier nomenclature identifies a natural-coloured, heat-stabilized polyamide 12 compound. The suffix nat denotes natural uncoloured resin, while HX denotes a heat-stabilized additive package. The LM-05 segment is an internal EMS viscosity or modification code not defined by the public record. The database filler category Unspecified Nano should be interpreted as a cataloguing designation rather than a quantitative declaration of a specific nanoscale reinforcement or loading. No discrete glass, mineral, or carbon reinforcement is declared in the trade name itself. Because the record reports the dry condition, the values in the database are dry-as-molded or otherwise dried to a low moisture state, not the moisture-conditioned state of a part in service.
A dry-as-molded data set is not a service-condition prediction. Polyamide 12 contains one amide group for every twelve methylene units, which gives a lower amide density than polyamide 6 or polyamide 66. In equilibrium at 23 °C and 50 % RH, unfilled PA12 absorbs roughly 1.0 % to 1.5 % water by mass, whereas PA6 and PA66 can absorb 2.5 % to 3.0 %. The absorbed water reduces tensile modulus and yield stress while increasing notched impact and elongation. Dry data are therefore suitable for initial material selection, mould-flow comparison, and dry-as-molded dimensional checks, but long-term dimensional and mechanical predictions require conditioned samples or moisture-uptake modelling according to the end-use environment.
The moulding window is established around the melting point of PA12, which by ISO 11357-3 typically falls between 174 °C and 178 °C. Melt temperature should be controlled at 190 °C to 250 °C for unfilled and low-filler PA12 grades, but the exact upper limit depends on residence time and heat-stabilizer package. A three-zone screw with an L/D ratio of 18:1 to 25:1 and a compression ratio of 2.0:1 to 2.5:1 is suitable. For a 30 mm screw, screw speed of 50 rpm to 150 rpm is a typical starting point. Hydraulic injection pressure is commonly 50 MPa to 100 MPa, with hold pressure set at 50 % to 70 % of the injection pressure. Clamp-force requirements are approximately 0.5 tonne/cm² to 0.8 tonne/cm² of projected area; a 100 cm² projected area tool therefore requires roughly 50 tonnes to 80 tonnes of clamp force. Mould temperature should be held between 40 °C and 80 °C. At 40 °C, cycle time is shorter but weld lines may be weaker and shrinkage more anisotropic; at 80 °C, crystallinity and dimensional stability improve, but cooling time increases. In production trials of similar unfilled PA12 grades, splay and silver streaks have been traced to residual moisture above 0.15 %, while yellowing of natural grades has been observed when melt temperature exceeded 260 °C for more than 5 min. The nanoscale additive, if present, may alter melt viscosity and nucleation behaviour. Without a disclosed particle size or surface treatment, no specific shear-viscosity correction can be assumed.
Pre-drying is mandatory before melt processing. A desiccant dryer with a dew point of −40 °C or lower is preferred; 80 °C for 4 h to 8 h is a standard starting point. Residual moisture should be below 0.10 %, and for thin-wall or tight-tolerance parts below 0.08 % is often specified. Tray depths in a hot-air oven should not exceed 3 cm, because moisture removal becomes diffusion-limited in deep beds. If the material has been exposed to ambient air with relative humidity above 60 % for more than 30 min to 60 min, re-drying is required. Moisture analysis by ISO 15512:2019 or Karl Fischer titration is preferred over simple weight-loss oven methods for polyamides because bound water may not be completely removed under ordinary drying conditions.
| Processing parameter | Recommended starting range | Method or equipment note |
|---|---|---|
| Drying temperature and time | 80 °C for 4–8 h | Desiccant dryer, dew point < −40 °C |
| Residual moisture | < 0.10 %; < 0.08 % for thin-wall | ISO 15512:2019 or Karl Fischer titration |
| Melt temperature | 190–250 °C; nozzle 220–250 °C | Residence time dependent |
| Mould temperature | 40–80 °C | Higher temperature improves crystallinity |
| Hydraulic injection pressure | 50–100 MPa | Machine and part geometry dependent |
| Hold pressure | 50–70 % of injection pressure | Gate seal and shrinkage control |
| Back pressure | 3–8 bar | Low to avoid excessive shear heating |
| Screw speed | 50–150 rpm for 30 mm screw | Scale by screw diameter |
| L/D ratio | 18:1–25:1 | General-purpose polyamide screw |
| Compression ratio | 2.0:1–2.5:1 | Low shear preferred |
| Maximum residence time | < 10 min above 230 °C; < 5 min above 250 °C | Prevents yellowing and degradation |
| Clamp force | 0.5–0.8 tonne/cm² projected area | Prevents flash and short shots |
For unfilled, dry-as-molded PA12, tensile modulus measured to ISO 527-2:2012 is commonly 1,200 MPa to 1,600 MPa. Tensile yield stress is typically 35 MPa to 45 MPa, elongation at yield is 5 % to 10 %, and nominal elongation at break exceeds 50 %. Flexural modulus may be 1,000 MPa to 1,400 MPa. Charpy notched impact strength at 23 °C is often 4 kJ/m² to 7 kJ/m² dry, and higher after moisture conditioning. These values are representative of unfilled PA12 literature ranges and are not a substitute for grade-specific datasheet values. The unspecified nano classification may produce measurable shifts in nucleation, mould shrinkage, or surface gloss without necessarily producing a large increase in bulk tensile modulus. Heat deflection temperature at 1.8 MPa is typically 45 °C to 50 °C, while HDT at 0.45 MPa may reach 120 °C to 140 °C. Density for unfilled PA12 is generally 1.01 g/cm³ to 1.03 g/cm³; a low-level nano additive would not be expected to increase density by more than 1 % to 2 %, but the public datasheet must confirm.
| Property or requirement | Applicable standard or regulation | Data use |
|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | Material identity and part weight |
| Water absorption | ISO 62:2008 | Moisture uptake and dimensional change |
| Tensile properties | ISO 527-1:2012 / ISO 527-2:2012 | Yield stress, elongation, modulus |
| Flexural properties | ISO 178:2019 | Stiffness comparison |
| Charpy impact | ISO 179-1:2010 | Notched and unnotched toughness |
| Izod impact | ISO 180:2019 | Impact resistance comparison |
| Heat deflection temperature | ISO 75-2:2013 | Short-term thermal resistance under load |
| Vicat softening temperature | ISO 306:2022 | Softening behaviour |
| Melt volume-flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022 | Viscosity and processability control |
| Moisture content | ISO 15512:2019 | Drying verification |
| Flammability class | UL 94 | Ignition resistance; natural PA12 often HB at 1.5 mm |
| Food-contact resin status | FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 | Requires written product-specific compliance |
The heat-stabilized suffix HX is intended to reduce thermo-oxidative degradation during melt processing and in continuous service. Heat-stabilized unfilled PA12 grades may be assigned a Relative Thermal Index by UL in the range of 100 °C to 120 °C for electrical or mechanical performance, but the specific grade requires confirmation from the UL yellow card and supplier documentation. Natural uncoloured grades have reduced ultraviolet resistance compared to carbon-black grades. Outdoor exposure may produce surface crazing, colour shift, and tensile strength loss unless an additional UV-stabilization package is specified. Oxidative stability is also influenced by part surface-to-volume ratio, because oxygen ingress controls degradation kinetics in thick sections.
When the tooling engineer compares PA12 to PA6 or PA66 for a clip, coupling, or fluid connector, the primary differences are lower density, lower water absorption, lower melting point, and better retained impact at sub-zero temperatures. PA12 generally offers superior resistance to zinc chloride stress cracking compared to PA66, which is relevant for automotive underhood clips and cable ducts near galvanic contact. Compared to PA11, PA12 has a slightly lower melt peak and competitive low-water-uptake behaviour. Against a 30 % glass-fibre reinforced PA12, the unspecified nano category would not be expected to reach the modulus range of 3,000 MPa to 5,000 MPa, nor the creep resistance of a high-glass-fraction compound. The potential role of a nanoscale additive is often in modifying nucleation, barrier behaviour, scratch resistance, or surface quality rather than acting as conventional bulk reinforcement. Because the nano filler designation is unspecified, published data for this specific configuration is limited and direct substitution for a glass-filled grade should not proceed without tensile, impact, and creep testing according to ISO 527 and ISO 179.
Applications for PA12 of this general class include pneumatic push-in fittings, automotive fuel-vapour and air-system connectors, cable conduits, clips, and precision technical parts requiring low water-related dimensional change. Low-temperature impact resistance and resistance to fuels, oils, greases, and aliphatic hydrocarbons support use in transport equipment. PA12 is not resistant to strong acids, phenols, or strong oxidizing agents, and stress cracking may occur in contact with formic acid or concentrated hydrochloric acid. Regulatory compliance for potable water, medical, or food-contact use must be confirmed with written supplier certification for the exact grade and production lot. Natural colour can be laser marked or coloured by masterbatch, but laser-marking contrast may be influenced by the unspecified nanoscale additive and should be tested on production-representative surfaces.
For incoming quality control, the unspecified nano designation requires special attention to dispersion. Nanoscale additives, when present, can form agglomerates above 10 µm if compounding shear is insufficient. Such agglomerates may act as stress concentrators, reduce weld-line strength, or produce visible specks and gloss variation. Incoming resin lots should be checked by melt flow rate according to ISO 1133-1:2022 and by notched Charpy impact according to ISO 179-1:2010. If consistent mechanical data are obtained across lots, the nano additive can be considered adequately dispersed. Because the public database does not identify the nanoscale additive chemistry, the end user should obtain the full composition disclosure from EMS-Grivory before specifying the material for regulated applications or for use in processes with high-temperature residence times above 250 °C.
