| HS Code | 675768 |
| Filler Content | 50% glass bead by weight |
| Density | 1.43 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption 24 Hr | 0.3% |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 80 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 150 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 170 °C |
| Tensile Modulus Conditioned | 3000 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Break Conditioned | 50 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 5% |
| Flexural Modulus Conditioned | 2500 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Conditioned Unnotched | 25 kJ/m² |
| Izod Impact Strength Conditioned Notched | 4 kJ/m² |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid LKN-5H Nylon 12, 50% Glass Bead Filled, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Sealed moisture-proof packaging, 25 kg quantity. Conditioned Grilamid LKN-5H pellets supplied dry, ready for processing. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: bagged Grilamid LKN-5H pellets palletized, secured, and containerized dry to prevent contamination, moisture, or damage. |
| Shipping | Grilamid LKN-5H is shipped in moisture-resistant, sealed polyethylene-lined bags or fiber drums to protect the conditioned nylon from humidity. Store dry, away from direct sunlight and extreme heat. Standard truck or container freight is suitable; no hazardous cargo restrictions apply. Keep packaging intact until use. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry area within its original, sealed container to prevent moisture absorption, which can degrade performance. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep away from incompatible chemicals. Maintain temperatures below 50°C (122°F) and ensure good ventilation. Use within shelf life to maintain conditioned properties. |
| Shelf Life | Properly stored in sealed, dry conditions, shelf life is indefinite; avoid moisture and UV exposure to maintain properties. |
EMS-Grivory Grilamid LKN-5H is a polyamide 12 compound loaded with a nominal 50 wt% silane-treated glass bead fraction. The bead geometry creates a lower aspect ratio than milled glass fibre and produces near-isotropic mould shrinkage in wall thicknesses from 0.8 mm to 4.0 mm. Conditioned material contains absorbed moisture in equilibrium with standard atmosphere, typically 0.5–0.8 wt%, which raises notched impact resistance but lowers stiffness relative to dry material. Drying before moulding must return the resin to 0.10 wt% moisture or below; otherwise hydrolysis at melt temperatures above 240 °C reduces molecular weight and produces gate splay. The table below compares the dry and conditioned mechanical property envelope under the applicable ISO methods.
| Property | Test method | Dry | Conditioned 23 °C / 50% RH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183 | 1.44 g/cm³ | 1.44 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 3,100 MPa | 2,100 MPa |
| Tensile strength at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 55 MPa | 45 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eA | 5 kJ/m² | 7 kJ/m² |
| HDT/A, 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 145 °C | 138 °C |
Forward parking sensor brackets and camera housing bases require a coefficient of linear thermal expansion below 0.6 × 10⁻⁴ K⁻¹ when tested between −40 °C and 85 °C under ISO 11359-2. The 50 wt% glass bead loading restricts mould shrinkage to 0.4–0.6% in the flow direction and 0.5–0.7% transverse, leaving an anisotropy delta of 0.1–0.2%. Unfilled PA12 would show flow shrinkage of 1.2–1.6% and a delta above 0.5%; the bead-filled grade therefore allows a single-cavity qualification to represent multi-cavity production without re-cutting steel. Cavity plates are hardened to 50–52 HRC because the spherical beads remain abrasive at the gate land. Melt temperature is held at 245–260 °C and the mould at 60–80 °C. A mould temperature below 40 °C freezes the resin-rich surface before bead wetting is complete, exposing glass at the part surface and lowering weld-line impact from 7 kJ/m² to 4 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA. Compliance for sensor housings is documented through ISO 16750-4 thermal cycling, with a typical programme of 1,000 cycles from −40 °C to 85 °C and a dwell time of 30 min at each extreme. The terminal component is an ultrasonic-welded camera bracket with a press-fit brass thread insert; post-weld dimensional change is kept below 0.05 mm on a 60 mm datum length using a shear joint with 0.25 mm interference.
Pneumatic manifold blocks and push-in fitting bodies are dried at 80 °C for 6 h in a desiccant dryer to a residual moisture below 0.10 wt% before the injection unit. A general-purpose screw with L/D 22:1 to 26:1 and compression ratio 2.0:1 is used; higher compression ratios fracture glass beads and increase melt viscosity scatter. Melt temperature is 235–255 °C. The mould uses hardened AISI 420 stainless steel gate inserts because the glass bead filler polishes the steel surface over runs above 100,000 shots. Compared with short glass fibre PA12, the bead-filled grade permits O-ring groove diameters to be held to IT8 tolerances without boring or reaming, because the spherical filler does not orient along flow. Compliance is evaluated under ISO 14743 for push-in pneumatic connectors and leakage under ISO 19879 at 1.5 × rated pressure. A critical boundary is continuous operating temperature: above 80 °C, the conditioned material loses 20–30% of insert clamping force when measured after 24 h thermal ageing under ISO 188 and creep modulus under ISO 899-1. The terminal product is a six-port manifold for 8 mm polyurethane tubing, with two O-ring groove diameters of 12 mm and 14 mm moulded to a roundness below 0.03 mm.
Low-voltage terminal blocks and coil formers made from glass-filled PBT or phenolic are re-evaluated when the end-use environment includes alkaline detergents, zinc chloride road spray, or moisture condensation. PA12 absorbs less than 0.8 wt% water at saturation, and the glass bead filler limits moisture-induced dimensional change to 0.1% between 10% RH and 50% RH equilibrium. Comparative tracking index under IEC 60112 is typically above 500 V for this filler loading, but the value must be re-measured on conditioned specimens because a contaminated surface can shift the result by one PLC category under UL 746A. Dielectric strength under IEC 60243-1 on a 1.0 mm disc falls from approximately 28 kV/mm dry to 22 kV/mm conditioned. Moulding for connector housings uses a melt temperature of 240–260 °C, a mould temperature of 60–80 °C, and a hot-tip valve gate when wall thickness drops below 0.8 mm. The packing phase is held at 70–90 MPa for 1.5–2.0 s per millimetre of nominal wall to suppress sink over pin holes. Flame retardancy must be specifically assessed: a standard bead-filled PA12 that achieves only HB at 3.0 mm under UL 94 cannot satisfy end-product glow-wire requirements under IEC 60695-2-11 without a flame-retardant package. The terminal product is a 5.08 mm pitch terminal strip housing with a snap-fit latch that survives 50 insertion cycles without stress whitening at −10 °C.
For optical encoder base plates and instrument pedestals, the specification is not achieved by simply reducing mould shrinkage; the critical control is cavity pressure transfer. The injection unit is switched from velocity to pressure control at 40–60 MPa as measured by a cavity pressure sensor located near the last-filled area. Hold pressure is 60–80 MPa with a melt cushion maintained at 3–5 mm. Because the glass bead filler makes the melt pseudo-plastic, holding time is set by gate seal time determined with a short-shot weight study, typically 2.5–4.0 s for a 2 mm wall. After ejection, parts are allowed to condition for 48 h at 23 °C and 50% RH before final inspection. Dimensional change during that conditioning is below 0.1% on a 60 mm datum. If post-mould annealing is required for residual stress relief, the part is heated to 110 °C for 2 h in air; however, this increases moisture uptake rate and can produce an additional 0.05–0.10% shrinkage. Compliance for precision instrument bases is documented through ISO 1302 surface roughness and ISO 1101 geometric tolerance standards, not through a resin-specific specification. The terminal product is a base plate for a 23-bit optical encoder with a bearing seat diameter of 30 mm moulded to an H7 tolerance after moisture equilibration.
Power tool gearcase covers and motor housings are moulded from virgin compound plus hot-runner regrind. The formulation is a 50 wt% glass bead-filled PA12 with a silane coupling agent; the exact silane chemistry is proprietary, but its influence is measurable as a 10–15% increase in dry tensile strength compared with an untreated bead compound. A regrind ratio up to 30 wt% is tolerated if the regrind is dried to 0.08 wt% residual moisture. Above 30 wt%, melt volume-flow rate under ISO 1133-1:2022 shifts by more than 10%, and micro-voids form at the bead–matrix interface near the flow front. Screw speed is limited to 80–120 min⁻¹ and back pressure to 2–4 MPa to reduce bead fracture; fractured spheres raise the filler surface area and drop conditioned Charpy notched impact from 7 kJ/m² to below 5 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA. The mould is cooled with turbulent water lines and a surface temperature of 60 °C. Ejection must be uniform: the 50% bead loading makes the material stiffer and less tolerant of ejection forces at 80 °C part temperature; multiple ejector pins with a total area of at least 5% of projected part area prevent surface dimpling. Drop-test compliance is evaluated under IEC 62841-2-1 with a 1.0 m drop onto concrete at −25 °C. The terminal component is a two-shell gearcase cover for a 12 V cordless drill, joined by ultrasonic welding along a 0.3 mm interference shear joint.
| Parameter | Thin-wall < 1.5 mm | Thick-wall > 3.0 mm |
|---|---|---|
| Melt temperature | 250–260 °C | 235–245 °C |
| Mould temperature | 70–80 °C | 50–60 °C |
| Hold pressure | 70–90 MPa | 50–70 MPa |
| Back pressure | 2–4 MPa | 2–4 MPa |
| Screw speed | 80–120 min⁻¹ | 80–120 min⁻¹ |
In fuel filler flap hinge arms and rigid quick-connector bodies, the same PA12 chemistry is used because of low permeation to aliphatic fuel. Permeation of CE10 at 60 °C through a 2 mm wall is typically below 0.5 g·mm/m²·day under SAE J2665, although published data for this specific configuration is limited. The material is not selected for flexible fuel line because the 50 wt% glass bead loading produces elongation at break below 15% conditioned, insufficient for snap-on barbed fittings. A design weakness is the weld line at the hinge pin boss: an injection gate study using ISO 527-2/1A specimens showed a weld-line tensile strength of 22 MPa compared with 48 MPa for the same geometry without a weld line. Sequential valve gating is used to reposition the weld line away from the loaded boss, and a local melt temperature increase of 5 °C at the valve pin is applied to improve bead re-melting in the weld zone. Compliance is verified by fuel immersion at 60 °C for 500 h in CE10 under ISO 1817, followed by a tensile strength retention above 80%. Direct exposure to methanol blends above 10% methanol at continuous temperatures above 50 °C is avoided because methanol wets the glass bead–matrix interface and reduces weld strength. The terminal product is a fuel filler flap hinge arm with a co-moulded thermoplastic elastomer seal, validated for 50,000 open/close cycles after fuel conditioning.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid LKN-5H Nylon 12 is an injection-moulding grade reinforced with 50% by weight spherical glass bead filler. The designation “5H” corresponds to the glass bead loading and heat-stabilised formulation; the “conditioned” property set is obtained after specimens are equilibrated at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity in accordance with ISO 291 and ISO 1110. The material is supplied as ready-to-process granules for conventional screw plasticising machines and is selected for technical mouldings in which moisture-related dimensional stability and low warpage carry greater design weight than maximum tensile strength.
Conditioned data are used because polyamides in service absorb atmospheric moisture until equilibrium is reached. For Grilamid LKN-5H, equilibrium moisture at 23 °C and 50% RH is typically 0.7% by ISO 62, and water saturation is approximately 1.1%. This low moisture uptake compared with PA6 or PA66 restricts hygroscopic expansion, maintains more stable tensile modulus, and reduces the dimensional clearance change observed in fluid-handling parts after wet service. The dry-as-moulded state shows higher stiffness, but the conditioned values are the relevant design basis for parts operating in normal indoor or humid environments.
Short glass fibre reinforcement produces anisotropic stiffness because fibres orient in the melt flow direction. Tensile modulus and tensile stress at break measured on ISO 527-1/-2 specimens will differ between flow and transverse orientations, and the resulting orientation also drives differential shrinkage and warpage. In Grilamid LKN-5H, spherical glass beads do not orient like fibres; the filler distribution is approximately isotropic. This yields more uniform mould shrinkage when measured on standard plaques according to ISO 294-4 and reduces post-mould bowing on flat covers and flanges. The trade-off is a lower notched impact strength and lower tensile stress at break than a short-glass-fibre PA12 of similar filler content; however, the bead-filled grade produces fewer exposed fibre bundles on the part surface and is less abrasive to adjoining polymer surfaces.
The isotropic filler geometry also affects melt rheology. The spherical particles produce less flow-direction property variation than high-aspect-ratio fibres, but the 50% loading still raises melt viscosity relative to unfilled PA12. Capillary rheometry data according to ISO 11443 should be used for mould-filling simulation, particularly when gates are positioned asymmetrically or when weld lines form in the cavity. The reduced anisotropy is an advantage in thin circular flanges, valve seats, and round housings where differential shrinkage can cause ovality.
| Property | Standard | Unit | Conditioned value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | g/cm³ | 1.44 |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2:2012 | MPa | 3500 |
| Tensile stress at break | ISO 527-1/-2:2012 | MPa | 60 |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2:2012 | % | 5 |
| Charpy notched impact strength | ISO 179-1/1eA:2010 | kJ/m² | 5 |
| Ball indentation hardness | ISO 2039-1:2001 | MPa | 140 |
| HDT/A at 1.80 MPa | ISO 75-2:2013 | °C | 130 |
| Melting point | ISO 11357-3:2018 | °C | 176 |
| Equilibrium moisture at 23 °C/50% RH | ISO 62:2008 | % | 0.7 |
The conditioned tensile modulus of 3500 MPa places the grade above unfilled PA12 and below high-glass-fibre PA12. The HDT/A of 130 °C at 1.80 MPa is sufficient for many hot-water contact components only when service stress and chemical exposure are qualified for the specific geometry; it does not constitute a continuous-use temperature rating. Ball indentation hardness of 140 MPa and the notched Charpy value of 5 kJ/m² reflect a stiff, relatively low-toughness material compared with unfilled PA12. Designers should use these values for initial material selection and confirm lot-specific data with the current EMS-Grivory datasheet.
On the production floor, drying is the first critical control. A desiccant dryer with a dew point of -40 °C or lower is operated at 80 °C for 4–8 h. Residual moisture should be below 0.10% by mass as measured by ISO 15512. Wet granulate produces splay, mould deposit, and hydrolytic chain scission during plastication; the resulting mouldings show reduced tensile stress at break and unstable dimensions. General-purpose injection screws with 20:1 to 25:1 L/D are suitable. Barrel set points from feed to nozzle are commonly 240–250 °C, 260–270 °C, 260–275 °C, and 270–280 °C. The melt temperature is held between 250 °C and 280 °C; residence time above 260 °C should not exceed 10 min to avoid thermal oxidative discoloration and loss of impact strength.
Shot size should be between 30% and 70% of barrel capacity. Smaller shots extend residence time; larger shots can deliver inhomogeneous melt temperature and poor hold-pressure transfer. Injection speed is set medium to high to prevent premature freeze-off in thin walls, but excessive shear can cause surface overheating and splay on hot runner gates. Hot runner systems should be fully open with no stagnant melt channels because glass bead filled PA12 is sensitive to long residence in dead spots. For validation, moulded plaques per ISO 294-4 are measured after 24 h at 23 °C and 50% RH. Flow-direction and transverse shrinkage are recorded at gate and far-end locations. Lot-to-lot viscosity is monitored by melt volume-flow rate per ISO 1133-1; the material is not specified for blow moulding or extrusion due to the high glass bead content.
Mould temperature is regulated at 80–100 °C with pressurised water or oil temperature-control units. Below 80 °C the cavity surface quenches rapidly, reducing crystallinity in the skin and lowering heat deflection temperature and chemical resistance. Above 100 °C, cycle time increases without proportional improvement in flatness. The tool construction should include independent circuits near thick bosses and around inserts to limit temperature gradients caused by local metal mass. For precision parts, the cavity steel is cut using shrinkage factors determined on plaques per ISO 294-4; because the glass beads make shrinkage nearly isotropic, a single uniform scale factor can be applied across flow and transverse directions with less correction than for fibre grades. Before final inspection, parts should be conditioned at 23 °C and 50% RH for 24–48 h to stabilise dimensions.
Grilamid LKN-5H is used in pump housings, valve bodies, water meter chambers, and pneumatic valve blocks. In these applications, clearance stability after moisture exposure is critical. PA12 absorbs 0.7% moisture at 23 °C and 50% RH and approximately 1.1% at saturation per ISO 62, whereas PA66 absorbs approximately 2.5% at 50% RH and over 8% at saturation. The lower hygroscopic expansion of PA12 reduces distortion at sealing faces and maintains running clearances in rotating pump components. The base polymer offers good resistance to oils, greases, aliphatic solvents, and salt spray, making the grade suitable for automotive fluid circuits and industrial water systems. Strong acids, oxidising media, and zinc chloride solutions require specific compatibility testing under ASTM D543 or ISO 22088; published data for continuous contact with hot chlorinated water in this specific formulation are limited.
In die-cast zinc replacement, the design must compensate for lower modulus and higher thermal expansion. Grilamid LKN-5H has a density of 1.44 g/cm³ per ISO 1183-1, giving a mass reduction of more than 75% against a typical zinc die-casting alloy with density near 6.6 g/cm³. The tensile modulus is about 3500 MPa in the conditioned state, roughly 4% of the modulus of zinc, so wall thicknesses and ribbing are increased. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion is higher than zinc and must be accommodated in bearing journals and threaded inserts. The glass bead reinforcement gives more isotropic expansion than short-glass-fibre PA12, reducing distortion in circular flanges. On injection-moulding machines in the 800–1200 kN clamp force range, pump and valve housings with wall thickness between 3 mm and 5 mm are typically produced with cycle times shorter than die casting and secondary trimming, but the actual cycle depends on cooling-channel design, wall thickness, and hot-runner configuration.
The grade differs from unfilled PA12 primarily in elastic modulus and heat deflection temperature. Unfilled PA12 conditioned tensile modulus is typically near 1500–1700 MPa and HDT/A is below 60 °C; Grilamid LKN-5H raises these to approximately 3500 MPa and 130 °C but reduces notched impact strength. Compared with PA66 glass bead grades, the PA12 product gives lower density, lower moisture absorption and better resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons, but lower absolute heat deflection temperature and stiffness. Compared with PA12 glass fibre grades, the bead-filled grade provides better dimensional isotropy, lower warpage, and smoother surfaces, but lower tensile stress at break. These comparisons are evaluated through ISO 527-1/-2, ISO 179-1/1eA, ISO 75-2, ISO 1183-1, and ISO 62. The material is therefore positioned for parts where dimensional control after conditioning outweighs maximum strength.
For applications involving exposure to strong oxidising agents, hot concentrated acids, or continuous hot water above 80 °C, published data for this specific configuration is limited and field testing is required. The grade should not be blended with glass fibre regrind when isotropic shrinkage is required, and zinc-containing inserts or coatings should be assessed for stress-cracking behaviour. The material can be welded by ultrasonic or spin methods, but the high glass bead content reduces weld strength compared with unfilled PA12; weld-line tensile strength should be measured on double-gated ISO 527 specimens before production release.
