| HS Code | 447502 |
| Density | 1.55 g/cm³ |
| Glass Fiber Content | 65% |
| Tensile Modulus Dry | 17500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength Dry | 230 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Dry | 2% |
| Charpy Impact Strength Dry Unnotched | 50 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Strength Dry Notched | 10 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 180 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature B 50 | 175 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h 23 C | 0.2% |
| Ul94 Flammability Rating | HB |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 Nylon 12, 65% Glass Fiber Filled, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Grivory Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 Nylon 12, 65% glass filled, dry, supplied in 25 kg moisture-proof sealed bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | A 20′ FCL container loaded with dry Grilamid LBV-65H Nylon 12 granules (65% glass fiber filled), packed in sealed bags, stowed and secured safely. |
| Shipping | Grilamid LBV-65H is shipped as dry, glass-filled nylon pellets in sealed, moisture-barrier bags or fiber drums. Not classified as dangerous goods for transport by ground, sea, or air under standard regulations. Protect from moisture, extreme heat, and mechanical damage; keep upright and store in a cool, dry area. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 in its original, unopened container in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption, as Nylon 12 is hygroscopic. Ideal conditions: below 30°C and low humidity. Use within one year of receipt. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored unopened in original packaging in a cool, dry environment. |
Because the 65 wt% glass-fibre loading shifts Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 from a ductile polyamide 12 matrix to a fibre-dominated mechanical response, the first downstream segment is automotive fuel system hardware where creep under clamp load and dimensional change after fuel immersion must be controlled. The compound is processed by injection moulding at a melt temperature of 250–280 °C and a mould temperature of 80–100 °C. Pre-drying at 80 °C in a desiccant dryer to a residual moisture content below 0.1 wt% is required before moulding; exceeding that moisture level hydrolyses the polyamide 12 matrix during plastication and reduces weld-line burst pressure in multi-gated quick-connector bodies. The composition consists of 65 wt% glass fibre, with the balance being polyamide 12 and the black 9225 pigment/additive package. A screw with L/D 18–22 and a compression ratio of 2.0–2.5:1 plus abrasion-resistant barrel and check-ring materials is required. Glass fibres orient preferentially in the flow direction, creating anisotropic shrinkage; longitudinal shrinkage is typically lower than transverse shrinkage, so gate position must be set to balance weld-line placement away from snap-fit retention lugs. Finished components include fuel sender flanges and quick-connector bodies tested under SAE J2044 fuel-loss and mating requirements and ISO 16750-4 thermal cycle conditions. Where compliance to SAE J2044 is required, the finished-article validation includes pressure cycling, vibration, and exposure to reference fuels, not merely resin datasheet values. A gate design with at least two gates may fill the flange but creates a weld line in the bolt area; operational boundaries therefore require flow simulation with anisotropic fibre orientation data because published data for this specific configuration is limited.
For compressed-air valve bodies and manifold blocks, moisture-induced dimensional change after repeated condensate exposure is a primary selection criterion. In PA66 with lower glass content, water absorption changes both width and flatness after 500 h in 80 °C/95% RH; the PA12 matrix in this grade reduces the absolute moisture uptake and shifts the relative dimensional change closer to the fibre-dominated plane. The composition of 65 wt% glass fibre with the balance PA12 matrix requires processing through a desiccant drying step at 80 °C to below 0.1 wt% residual moisture, followed by injection moulding at a melt temperature of 260–280 °C and a mould temperature of 90–100 °C. Holding pressure is applied until gate freeze; early release produces sink marks at bosses with wall-thickness transitions above 3 mm because the 65 wt% glass content suppresses matrix flow and increases pressure drop per unit flow length. Mould steel with hard chrome or nitrided surfaces is used to control glass-fibre abrasion at split lines. The terminal components include pneumatic valve bodies, solenoid valve flanges, and manifold blocks tested under ISO 6358 for flow-rate characterisation or internal pressure-pulse protocols specified by the equipment manufacturer. Because compressed air condensate can be mildly acidic, fasteners or threaded inserts potted into the PA12 component are predrilled to avoid hoop-stress cracking; the low moisture uptake of PA12 relative to PA6 or PA66 supports stable torque retention, but published data for this specific black 9225 configuration is limited.
In industrial coolant circulating pumps where glycol-water mixtures operate between -40 °C and 90 °C, impeller housings and wear plates moulded from PA66 GF50 often show creep-induced clearance loss after 1,000 h because the matrix absorbs glycol and water. Replacing the matrix with polyamide 12 and raising the glass content to 65 wt% shifts the compressive creep behaviour under ISO 899-1 toward lower total deformation, although the exact creep modulus for this black 9225 formulation must be verified on a finished-article basis. The injection moulding window uses melt temperature 250–280 °C, mould temperature 80–100 °C, and holding pressure 60–120 MPa depending on flow path. Drying is performed at 80 °C to below 0.1 wt% moisture. Because the material contains no plasticiser, the creep response is fibre-dominated above the glass-transition temperature of the PA12 matrix, and short-term mechanical values obtained under ISO 527-2 should not be used as long-term design allowables without creep-rupture data. The composition is 65 wt% glass fibre with the balance polyamide 12; no unfilled skin is generated under normal injection moulding. Parts are assembled with stainless-steel shafts and carbon/ceramic mechanical seals; the PA12 wear plate is machined from a moulded blank to the flatness tolerance specified by the pump manufacturer. Terminal products include coolant pump wear plates, seal housings, and impeller shroud rings. The use of reference glycol-water 50:50 by volume is common in test protocols; no claim is made for food-contact or potable-water systems without formulation-specific certification.
The substitution of a semi-aromatic polyphthalamide GF60 with Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 in precision gear housings is controlled by heat deflection temperature, not by chemical resistance. Under ISO 75-1/-2 method A at 1.8 MPa, a 65 wt% glass-filled PA12 may exhibit a lower heat deflection temperature than a PPA GF60 because the aliphatic PA12 matrix has a lower melting point and broader softening interval; published data for this specific black 9225 formulation should be obtained from EMS-Grivory, but the grade is generally processed at lower melt temperatures than PPA. The moulding process uses melt temperature 250–280 °C, mould temperature 80–110 °C, and back pressure 0.5–2 MPa to prevent glass fibre accumulation in the check ring. The use of a high glass content raises the viscosity and intensifies fibre attrition in the plasticating unit. The composition of 65 wt% glass fibre with the balance PA12 matrix produces a brittle failure mode at knit lines around metal inserts with high interfacial stress; post-moulding insertion is therefore preferred to overmoulding for needle-bearing housings. Terminal components include hydraulic pump gear housings, timing covers, and bearing carrier plates tested under ISO 898-1 for bolted joints and ISO 16750-3 for vibration. Internal oil exposure to mineral hydraulic oil is well tolerated by PA12, but continuous exposure above 100 °C under load requires creep-rupture validation against ISO 899-1; published data for this specific configuration is limited.
For railway interior cable management and mounting brackets where fire behaviour is controlled at the system level, the polyamide 12 matrix does not by itself guarantee compliance with EN 45545-2. The 65 wt% glass content reduces the organic fuel load compared with unfilled PA12, but black pigmentation and heat stabilisation do not replace flame-retardant additives. The composition is 65 wt% glass fibre with the balance PA12 matrix and the black 9225 additive package. Terminal parts include cable duct brackets, relay box supports, and seat-back frame connectors. The injection moulding process requires pre-drying at 80 °C to below 0.1 wt% moisture, melt temperature 250–280 °C, and mould temperature 80–100 °C. Because flow lengths in cable duct brackets exceed 300 mm, injection pressure may need to be raised to 120–150 MPa; this increases shear heating and reduces melt residence time. Glass fibre orientation in thin ribs can produce warpage after demoulding; fixtures should hold parts until surface temperature falls below 80 °C. Where compliance with EN 45545-2 is required, the complete article must be tested as a system. This grade should not be automatically specified for fire-rated rail interiors unless the full part meets hazard-level requirements. The dry-as-supplied state is selected for dimension control in low-humidity railway cabins, and the PA12 matrix lowers moisture-induced swelling compared with PA6 or PA66. Published data for this specific black 9225 configuration is limited.
In ski binding chassis parts and release-mechanism housings, dimensional stability after repeated exposure to cold moisture and drying cycles is required. The PA12 matrix in this grade absorbs less moisture than PA6 or PA66, reducing modulus loss after conditioning to equilibrium at 23 °C/50% RH according to ISO 1110. The 65 wt% glass content raises tensile modulus under ISO 527-2 to a fibre-dominated level, but it also reduces elongation at break to values typical of high-glass moulding compounds; designs relying on snap-fit deflection should therefore use allowable strain values from conditioned specimens, not dry-as-moulded datasheet values. The composition is 65 wt% glass fibre with the balance PA12 matrix. Processing uses drying at 80 °C to below 0.1 wt% moisture, melt temperature 250–280 °C, and mould temperature 80–100 °C. The mould should be equipped with venting along the flow path because the high glass content increases melt viscosity and can trap gas at the flow front. Parts are assembled with metallic inserts, screws, and springs; because the glass content is high, residual stress around inserts can initiate microcracking under sub-zero impact if insert holes are too close to the component edge. Terminal components include ski binding base plates, release-mechanism housings, and brake carrier arms. The dry as-supplied condition is used to prevent moisture-induced dimpling; post-moulding annealing at 90 °C for 2 h in a nitrogen oven is sometimes applied to relieve moulded-in stress, but published data for this specific black 9225 formulation is limited.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid LBV-65H FWA black 9225 is a polyamide 12 injection moulding compound reinforced with 65% by mass glass fibre and supplied in the dry state. The material differs from general-purpose glass-filled PA6 or PA66 compounds because the semicrystalline PA12 matrix carries a lower amide-group concentration, which reduces equilibrium moisture absorption, improves resistance to hydrolysis in warm aqueous environments, and delivers more stable dimensions across humidity cycles. The manufacturer designation identifies the base polymer, glass-fibre fraction, heat stabilisation, and the FWA-controlled formulation; black 9225 is the colour designation. In EMS-Grivory nomenclature, the H suffix indicates a heat-stabilised additive package, while the FWA suffix denotes a controlled formulation intended for food or potable water contact under specified conditions. The valid certificate of conformity, not the commercial name, defines the maximum service temperature, surface-to-volume ratio, and extraction test conditions.
The compound is commonly described by its ISO 11469 marking as PA12-GF65. Typical dry-state physical data reported under ISO 1183-1 include a density of 1.61 g/cm³. Tensile testing in accordance with ISO 527-1/-2 yields a dry tensile modulus near 20,000–21,000 MPa, tensile stress at break in the range 185–200 MPa, and elongation at break close to 2.0–2.5%. Notched Charpy impact values determined to ISO 179/1eA at 23 °C typically fall between 15 kJ/m² and 20 kJ/m². Heat deflection temperature under ISO 75-2 at 1.80 MPa is approximately 170–175 °C. These values are dry-as-moulded reference points; conditioning to ISO 291 23/50 reduces stiffness and increases elongation slightly. Users should validate the current lot against the manufacturer’s certificate because filler content and additive levels vary within specification.
The primary distinction is matrix-level moisture uptake. Unfilled PA12 at saturation according to ISO 62 typically absorbs 1.4–1.6% water by mass, whereas PA66 can absorb 7.0–8.5% under the same water-storage conditions. Because the glass fibre does not absorb water, the absolute difference in a reinforced part is smaller, but the PA12-based formulation still retains a higher fraction of its dry modulus and shows less dimensional growth when an application cycles between dry and wet service. This makes the 65% glass-filled PA12 appropriate for water-meter bodies, pump housings, valve actuators, and compressed-air components that would be at risk of hydrolysis or moisture-induced warpage with PA66 at equivalent stiffness. At similar glass loadings, PA66 may show higher dry-state strength and heat deflection temperature, but the performance gap narrows or reverses in humid service because of the larger matrix moisture penalty.
Compared with lower glass-fibre grades such as a 50% glass-filled PA12, the 65% loading raises room-temperature tensile modulus, flexural stiffness, and heat deflection temperature, but decreases notched impact strength and reduces the melt flow length at the same injection pressure. The same trade-off occurs when moving from unreinforced PA12: stiffness and creep resistance increase strongly, while weld-line strength, screw recovery capacity, and surface finish become more sensitive to processing conditions. The heat-stabilised package permits short-term exposure to typical hot-oil or warm-water environments, but published data for this specific configuration at continuous thermal ageing above 120 °C is limited. For designers selecting between this product and an impact-modified PA12, the choice is usually determined by whether dimensional stability under load or low-temperature ductility is the dominant requirement.
In production-scale injection moulding, components made from LBV-65H FWA black 9225 are typically used where a metal replacement requires high flexural modulus, low creep, and freedom from brass or zinc corrosion. The grade is found in potable-water fittings, water meter chambers, pump impellers, valve bodies, pneumatic connectors, compressed-air distribution blocks, and structural housings in marine or humid plant environments. The PA12 matrix provides hydrolysis resistance and lower low-temperature brittleness than PA66 in some geometries; the 65% glass content supplies the stiffness required to replace die-cast aluminium in non-thermal-load-bearing housings. For pressure-containing parts, hydrostatic testing is performed under ISO 1167 or application-specific EN, NSF, or DVGW protocols; the material alone cannot be substituted for a certified component design.
Field experience on injection moulding lines with this filler loading indicates that the major processing bottleneck is glass-fibre attrition during plasticating. If the screw speed is too high or back pressure is excessive, average fibre length may fall below the critical length needed for full stress transfer, and mechanical properties can drop by an observable margin even when the as-moulded part appears acceptable. The condition is typically detected by comparing notched impact or tensile values from virgin pellets and moulded parts; a reduction greater than the expected lot-to-lot variation indicates excessive shearing. Production tools are often built with hardened, abrasion-resistant barrels and screws because 65% glass-filled polyamide is more abrasive than a 30% glass-filled analogue. Mould surfaces may require higher chrome content or nitriding to resist the erosion that appears as gloss loss and dimensional drift after long runs.
Pre-drying is mandatory for this material if the exposure history is unknown or if ambient relative humidity has exceeded 60%. A desiccant dryer set at 80 °C for 4–8 h with a dew point below -30 °C is commonly used; residual moisture should be below 0.10% before the melt phase. Drying above 110 °C is not recommended because oxidative yellowing and additive degradation may occur at extended residence times. The melt temperature measured at the nozzle should be controlled within 250–280 °C, with many lines using a set point between 260 °C and 270 °C for thin-wall parts. Mould temperature should be held at 80–110 °C to promote crystallisation and achieve reproducible mould shrinkage; lower mould temperatures reduce cycle time but increase free-surface orientation and post-mould warpage.
The high glass content produces elevated melt viscosity and a narrow processing window. Screw recovery should be set with a screw speed below the range that causes visible fibre bundles on the surface; typical general-purpose speeds for glass-filled PA12 on a 25:1 L/D screw are limited to 50–100 min⁻¹, but the exact value depends on screw diameter and metering depth. A low-compression screw with a ratio of 2.0:1–2.5:1 and an open check ring is preferable over high-compression hardware. Gate sizing should follow short-to-long flow paths; submarine or tunnel gates below 1.5 mm can produce excessive shear as the 65% fibre-filled melt passes into the cavity. If the gate freezes too quickly, moisture that is not removed from the material can create splay or gas streaks near the gate. In hot-runner systems, free-flow tips with no reverse taper are recommended, because dead spots increase residence time and lead to black specks or fibre accumulation.
A production-scale failure mode observed with glass-filled PA12 is the formation of a weak weld line when two melt fronts converge. At 65% glass by mass, fibres at the converging front align tangentially to the weld plane, so the weld region behaves like a short-fibre composite with very little load transfer across the interface. Placement of the gate should move the weld line outside the main pressure boundary or into a non-loaded boss. If a weld line cannot be avoided, the mould should be run at the upper end of the mould-temperature range, and injection velocity may be increased to maintain melt temperature at the converging front; quantitative weld-line strength for this specific grade is not published, so part-specific burst or tensile tests are required.
Dimensional modelling of LBV-65H components requires orthotropic rather than isotropic assumptions. The flow-direction coefficient of linear thermal expansion is lower than the transverse direction, and the differential contraction after moulding produces warpage in flat parts with uneven thickness. In fibre-filled PA12, flow-direction mould shrinkage is typically lower than transverse shrinkage by a factor of 2–3 depending on orientation, but grade-specific measured values must be obtained from the supplier tooling datasheet. Moisture absorption in service partly counteracts mould shrinkage because absorbed water causes slight volume expansion, but the low PA12 matrix absorption keeps this shift smaller than in PA6 or PA66. Parts exposed to humid air as low as 50% RH should be conditioned or measured before critical tolerance audits; otherwise the inspector will record transient dimensions that drift as moisture equilibrates.
Compliance declarations for the FWA variant must be taken from the current lot-specific certificate. The following matrix lists the typical regulatory references that customers request for this product family; inclusion does not mean that every colour or thickness has universal approval.
| Assessment Domain | Reference Method or Regulation | Condition or Typical Verification |
|---|---|---|
| Food-contact framework | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011; FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 | Overall migration in food simulants; final article testing depends on surface-to-volume ratio and contact time |
| Potable-water framework | NSF/ANSI 61; AS/NZS 4020; DVGW W270; KTW-BWGL | Extraction, odour, and microbial performance depend on formulation, part surface area, and contact temperature |
| Global chemical legislation | REACH; RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU | Declared by supplier; verify exemption for lead in metallic inserts or assembly components |
| Material identification | ISO 11469 | Marking PA12-GF65 for recycling and production traceability |
Chlorine-based disinfectants can attack polyamide under certain combinations of temperature, pH, and residual chlorine concentration. The PA12 matrix is generally more resistant than PA6 or PA66 to hydrolysis, but surface microcracking may still occur in moulded parts with high residual stress or in sections exposed to alternating wet and dry chlorine residuals. The risk increases in hot water above 60 °C and in thick walls where moulded-in stress persists. No universal lifetime can be assigned to a material without knowing free chlorine concentration, exposure temperature, surface quality, and part design; published data for this specific glass-filled grade under long-term chlorinated water is limited, so application-specific testing is required before commissioning.
When this grade replaces a brass or stainless component in a water-contact application, the designer should account for the tensile creep and stress-relaxation behaviour of the glass-filled PA12. Creep tests under ISO 899-2 in water or air should be used to estimate long-term deformation at the expected service temperature and stress. The low moisture uptake relative to PA66 reduces the stiffness loss after water conditioning, but the dry-state modulus cannot be used directly for creep calculations in water. A practical design approach is to use a conditioned modulus from specimens equilibrated in water at the service temperature, then apply the same safety factor as for the metallic baseline.
For pneumatic valve bodies and compressed-air distribution manifolds, the material is selected because glass-filled PA12 can provide dimensional stability across temperature cycles from -20 °C to 80 °C and resist hydrolysis from condensed water. In these applications, burst testing is performed on the final moulded part rather than on standardized tensile bars, because weld lines, gate location, and fibre orientation determine the minimum burst pressure. The presence of 65% glass provides high hoop stiffness but also makes the part more brittle at very low temperatures than an unreinforced or impact-modified PA12. If the application must withstand frequent impact at sub-zero temperatures, a lower glass content or an impact-modified grade may be preferred despite the loss of stiffness.
