| HS Code | 440489 |
| Density | 1.06 g/cm³ |
| Melt Volume Rate 230 C 5 Kg | 15 cm³/10min |
| Water Absorption 24 H 23 C | 0.8 % |
| Water Absorption Saturation 23 C | 1.5 % |
| Melting Point Dsc 10 C Min | 178 °C |
| Tensile Modulus Dry | 1600 MPa |
| Yield Stress Dry | 50 MPa |
| Yield Strain Dry | 5 % |
| Strain At Break Dry | >50 % |
| Charpy Impact Strength 23 C Dry | No break |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C Dry | 10 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa Dry | 50 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L25 W 10 HX Nylon 12, Heat Stabilized, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 25 kg sealed moisture-proof bags of EMS-Grivory Grilamid L25 W 10 HX Nylon 12 granules, heat stabilized and dry. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | A 20-foot FCL containing EMS-Grivory Grilamid L25 W 10 HX Nylon 12, heat stabilized, dry, loaded in appropriate packaging for transport. |
| Shipping | Ship as dry nylon 12 resin in sealed, moisture-proof packaging to prevent water absorption. Non-hazardous, no special transport classification required. Avoid prolonged exposure to heat or humidity; store in cool, dry conditions. Handle with standard industrial material procedures and protect from physical damage during transit. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry place in original, unopened packaging to prevent moisture absorption. Keep tightly sealed and away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and high humidity. Ideal temperature range is 15–25°C. If handled correctly, shelf life typically remains stable for up to two years from date of manufacture. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is indefinite when stored sealed, dry, cool, and protected from sunlight and moisture. |
Grilamid L25 W 10 HX is processed as a single-layer extrudate for pneumatic braking conduits governed by SAE J844 and ISO 7628-2. The plasticized nylon 12 matrix permits a tube wall of 1.5 mm to endure cold-impact flexing after heat aging at 100 °C for 168 h; the end user is required to verify the exact finished-tube performance because the HX additive package and plasticizer level shift the ductile-to-brittle transition. Pellets are pre-dried in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4–6 h to residual moisture ≤0.10 wt% by ISO 15512; moisture above this threshold produces internal voiding in the vacuum sizing zone and causes die-lip deposit formation. A grooved-feed single-screw extruder with 24:1–30:1 L/D and compression ratio 2.5:1–3.0:1 is operated with barrel set points 220–245 °C and die-head temperature 225–250 °C. Extrusion speed is limited by melt sag; at melt temperatures exceeding 255 °C, wall-thickness variation rises above ±0.10 mm on 12 mm OD × 1.5 mm wall tube and the finished part fails the concentricity check in ISO 7628-1. The vacuum calibration tank is maintained at 20–35 °C; higher tank temperatures reduce cooling efficiency and allow the tube to collapse under internal vacuum. Because the grade is heat stabilized, continuous dry-air service at 100–110 °C can be evaluated, but exposure to zinc chloride de-icing solutions must be validated through the chemical immersion sequence of SAE J844; published data for this specific additive package in concentrated chloride brines is limited. Opened gaylords stored above 60% RH should be re-dried before extrusion to counteract surface moisture regain, which for PA12 at 23 °C and 50% RH is typically below 0.7 wt% but rises sharply under condensation conditions.
Injection molding of miniature cable ties from L25 W 10 HX is constrained by the interaction between plasticizer content, shear heating, and crystallization half-time. The W 10 plasticizer package reduces melt viscosity compared with unplasticized PA12, allowing filling of 0.8 mm tie sections in 64-cavity tools at hydraulic pressures below 900 bar; however, high shear rates above 10 000 s⁻¹ generate frictional heat and can lower local melt pressure at the gate, producing surface blush and weld-line splitting. Melt temperature is held at 230–250 °C, and mold temperature is controlled at 40–70 °C to balance crystallinity and ejection rigidity. The cooling time for 0.8 mm wall stock is typically 8–12 s; shorter cooling creates post-ejection warpage, while longer cycles reduce throughput but improve dimensional stability per ISO 294-4 shrinkage measurement. Tensile properties after conditioning at 23 °C and 50% RH should be reported under ISO 527-2; notched Charpy impact is evaluated by ISO 179-1/1eA at 23 °C and −30 °C. End-product flammability classification is tested to UL 62275 and not assumed from pellet data. Heat aging at 85 °C for 1000 h is a typical internal acceptance criterion; the HX stabilizer delays oxidative embrittlement, but the plasticizer reduces the load-bearing ceiling of the final tie. Regrind use above 30 wt% is not recommended because blended regrind exhibits batch-dependent variation in plasticizer distribution, and this creates inconsistent locking-head flexural fatigue. Production audits show that gate area cracking occurs when the screw residence time exceeds 10 min at 250 °C; therefore shot size should not exceed 65% of barrel capacity in high-cavitation tools. Carbon black masterbatch addition below 2 wt% is pre-blended in a low-shear paddle mixer for 15 min to prevent streaking in tinted cable ties. Compliance with RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II and REACH 1907/2006 Candidate List is verified on the final molded tie, not on the base polymer alone.
Corrugated protective conduit produced from L25 W 10 HX is formed on a rotating corrugator with mold blocks held at 15–35 °C. The heat-stabilized plasticized matrix allows a 0.3 mm wall to be drawn into 32 mm OD slotted conduit without melt fracture, but the plasticizer reduces melt strength relative to unplasticized PA12; consequently the corrugator block temperature is set 5–10 °C lower than for L25 unplasticized to prevent surface tearing during mold-block engagement. Cyclic bending at a radius down to 2.5× OD is validated by repeated flexing procedures adapted from IEC 61386-1; the acceptance criterion is no cracking after 100 000 cycles. Because cable bundles impose point loads on the corrugation root, notched impact performance after UV exposure is assessed by ISO 179-1/1eA following 500 h exposure in an ISO 4892-2 xenon-arc weathering apparatus. The critical formulation limit is surface resistivity loss caused by plasticizer migration; static coils aged at 80 °C for 1000 h are tested under IEC 60093 at 250 V DC. If surface resistivity falls below 1 × 10¹² Ω, the cable protection system may require a co-extruded unplasticized outer skin. Processing at barrel temperatures exceeding 250 °C with residence time above 12 min triggers localized thermal degradation visible as black specks in natural conduit; the screw should be purged with unplasticized PA12 before shutdown. Vacuum sizing slots assist roundness, but excessive vacuum above 0.4 bar can draw plasticizer-rich volatiles into the vacuum pump and contaminate the calibrator. This is a process boundary observed on single-screw lines with 30–45 mm screw diameter and downstream corrugator speed up to 15 m/min.
For compressed-air distribution and industrial pneumatic control, L25 W 10 HX is extruded into 8 mm OD × 1 mm wall unreinforced tubing. The material is selected where mineral-oil mist loads exceed 5 mg/m³ and anhydrous compressor condensate contains trace hydrocarbons. Dimensional swell after 24 h water immersion at 23 °C is measured by ISO 62; plasticized PA12 typically remains below 0.4% mass uptake, which minimizes fitting pull-out. Roundness is maintained by an internal air pressure of 150–300 mbar within the closed-loop vacuum sizer, followed by annealing in a 60 °C water bath for 10 min to reduce residual orientation. Push-in connector retention is validated on the finished tube under ISO 14743; burst pressure at 23 °C and 60 °C must be verified because the plasticizer lowers elevated-temperature hoop strength relative to unplasticized PA12. Avoid continuous contact with hot concentrated ethylene glycol; published data for this specific plasticized grade in long-life coolant concentrates is limited.
| Application segment | Reference standard | Test condition | Reason for end-product verification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumatic brake conduit | SAE J844 / ISO 7628-2 | 100 °C heat aging 168 h; cold impact at −40 °C | Plasticizer and HX package shift low-temperature ductility |
| Cable tie | UL 62275 | 85 °C / 1000 h tensile retention | UL classification applies to finished molded part, not pellet |
| Corrugated conduit | IEC 61386-1, ISO 4892-2, IEC 60093 | 500 h xenon-arc, 250 V DC surface resistivity | Plasticizer migration can reduce surface resistivity |
| Pneumatic line | ISO 14743 | Burst at 23 °C and 60 °C | W 10 plasticizer lowers elevated-temperature hoop strength |
| Fuel vapour return | SAE J1681 / SAE J2659 | 336 h Fuel C + 15 vol% methanol; permeation | Methanol extraction of plasticizer alters impact and emission resistance |
Fuel vapour return lines for small off-road engines and evaporative emissions systems operate under continuous contact with fuel blends containing up to 15 vol% methanol and repeated vacuum pulsation at 60–80 °C. L25 W 10 HX can be used as the inner liner only when the emission control layer is co-extruded or the finished tube is subjected to permeation testing under SAE J2659 or equivalent evaporative emission protocols. The plasticizer in W 10 can be partially extracted by methanol, which shifts the low-temperature impact response; after 336 h immersion in SAE J1681 Fuel C containing 15 vol% methanol, the tube must retain notched Charpy impact at −30 °C above the application-specific threshold. The heat stabilizer package permits short-term excursions to 120 °C, but continuous exposure above 100 °C in methanol-blended fuel causes progressive loss of elongation at break measured by ISO 527-2. Extrusion of multi-layer tubes requires an unplasticized PA12 outer layer at 0.1–0.2 mm thickness to cap plasticizer migration; tie-layer adhesives should be evaluated for interlayer adhesion after 1000 h fuel soak. Published data for this exact grade in methanol-fuel blends is limited; end users should run 1000 h circulation tests at 80 °C before production release.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L25 W 10 HX is a heat-stabilized, unreinforced polyamide 12 molding and extrusion compound supplied in a dry-as-molded condition. The product is based on a PA12 backbone with the heat-stabilization and viscosity package designated by the W 10 HX suffix; it contains no glass fiber or mineral filler, and its density is typically 1.01 g/cm³ when measured according to ISO 1183-1. The dry designation indicates that residual moisture is controlled to 0.10% or less by weight, referenced to water-content determination according to ISO 15512. Because this is below the equilibrium moisture uptake of PA12 at standard ambient conditions, the grade can move directly to a desiccant-fed hopper after sealed-bag storage or short hopper residence in a controlled environment.
PA12 contains one amide group per twelve carbon atoms in the repeating unit, so the polarized amide concentration is lower than in PA6 or PA66. That structural feature reduces hygroscopic expansion, stabilizes dielectric behavior in humid conditions, and limits the dry-to-conditioned mechanical shift. The heat-stabilization package further reduces thermo-oxidative chain scission during continuous dry-air service above 80°C; it does not confer flame retardancy or hydrolysis resistance to sustained hot-water immersion.
Under continuous moisture exposure, the performance gap between PA12 and shorter-chain polyamides is driven primarily by equilibrium water content. At 23°C and 50% RH, unreinforced PA12 reaches approximately 0.7% moisture by weight, while PA6 reaches about 3.0% and PA66 about 2.5% according to ISO 62. Saturation moisture for PA12 is approximately 1.4%, compared with 9.5% for PA6 and 8.5% for PA66. Lower equilibrium moisture reduces the dry-to-conditioned modulus shift and limits dimensional growth in humid enclosures and underhood service.
| Property | Test method | Grilamid L25 W 10 HX | Unreinforced PA6 | Unreinforced PA66 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01 g/cm³ | 1.14 g/cm³ | 1.14 g/cm³ |
| Moisture at 23°C/50% RH | ISO 62 | 0.7% | 3.0% | 2.5% |
| Saturation moisture | ISO 62 | 1.4% | 9.5% | 8.5% |
| Tensile modulus, dry | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1,400 MPa | 3,200 MPa | 3,300 MPa |
| Charpy notched impact, dry | ISO 179/1eA | 7 kJ/m² | 5 kJ/m² | 5 kJ/m² |
| HDT at 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-2/A | 55°C | 75°C | 90°C |
The tensile modulus difference is equally significant. The dry-as-molded tensile modulus of this PA12 is reported in the range 1,300–1,500 MPa, whereas unreinforced PA6 and PA66 typically exceed 3,000 MPa under identical ISO 527-1/-2 conditions. The trade-off is intentional: the PA12 grade provides greater flexibility, higher elongation to break, and better resistance to crack initiation under cyclic snap-fit loading. In automotive clips, cable bend reliefs, and pneumatic tubing, the lower modulus is a functional requirement rather than a deficiency.
Melt temperature and mold temperature requirements also differ from PA66. This PA12 viscosity class processes at melt temperatures of 220–250°C and mold temperatures of 40–80°C. Unreinforced PA66 typically requires melt temperatures above 270°C and mold temperatures above 80°C to reach acceptable crystallinity. The lower PA12 processing temperature reduces energy input and shortens cooling time in thin-wall sections, but it also creates a lower thermal ceiling before nozzle solidification becomes a concern during interrupted cycles.
The dry-as-molded condition must be protected. If opened bags are exposed to uncontrolled warehouse air at relative humidity above 60%, PA12 pellets begin to reabsorb atmospheric moisture. At a hopper residence time of 30 minutes or longer in a non-dried environment, surface moisture can rise sufficiently to produce splay, nozzle drool, and a measurable reduction in melt viscosity. The failure signature on a 25 mm three-zone screw is a gradual increase in screw recovery time without a corresponding increase in melt temperature, followed by visible silver streaks on molded surfaces. A desiccant dryer with a dew point below -30°C and a drying temperature of 80°C for 4–6 h is the standard corrective action. The target after drying is residual moisture below 0.10%, verified by ISO 15512 on a sample taken from the hopper discharge, not from the dryer inlet.
For injection molding, barrel zone profiles are typically set from 220°C in the feed section to 245°C at the nozzle. Nozzle temperature should not exceed 250°C because higher temperatures accelerate chain scission and can produce yellowing or plate-out. Mold temperature is selected within 40–80°C depending on part thickness and dimensional requirements. The lower end of the range favors faster cycles but produces lower crystallinity and higher molded-in stress; the upper end improves dimensional stability and impact strength at the expense of longer cooling time. In parts with wall thickness below 1.0 mm, mold temperature above 60°C is generally required to avoid premature freeze-off during filling.
The mechanical values most frequently reported for this grade are dry-as-molded values. When specimens are conditioned to equilibrium at 23°C and 50% RH, tensile modulus decreases and elongation generally increases. The dry-to-conditioned shift for PA12 is moderate because equilibrium moisture is low, but it is not zero. The following property envelope is typical for natural-color L25 W 10 HX and is not a specification limit.
| Property | Test method | Unit | Dry | Conditioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | g/cm³ | 1.01 | — |
| Equilibrium moisture at 23°C/50% RH | ISO 62 | % | 0.7 | — |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | MPa | 1,400 | 1,000 |
| Yield stress | ISO 527-1/-2 | MPa | 45 | 40 |
| Nominal strain at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | % | >50 | >50 |
| Charpy notched impact | ISO 179/1eA | kJ/m² | 7 | 9 |
| HDT at 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-2/A | °C | 55 | — |
| HDT at 0.45 MPa | ISO 75-2/B | °C | 135 | — |
| Melting temperature | ISO 11357-3 | °C | 176–178 | — |
The tensile modulus shift from 1,400 MPa dry to 1,000 MPa conditioned is approximately 29%. This is substantially smaller than the 50–60% modulus reduction observed in unreinforced PA6 after moisture conditioning. For snap-fit features that rely on flexural modulus retention, this is a design advantage, but the absolute modulus remains low compared with reinforced systems. If a housing requires a tensile modulus above 5,000 MPa, a short-glass PA66 or PPA grade is the appropriate substitution.
Cooling rate governs the ratio of crystalline phases in PA12. Fast cooling at mold temperatures below 40°C suppresses crystallinity and reduces density, which lowers modulus and raises impact. Slow cooling at 80°C increases crystallinity and dimensional stability. The effect is measurable in part weight and shrinkage after annealing. Post-mold annealing at 100°C for 2 h can stabilize dimensions in precision parts, but it must be validated for each geometry because it can relieve molded-in stress non-uniformly and alter snap-fit retention force.
PA12 is specified for flexible fuel vapor lines, pneumatic tubing, cable sheathing, and underhood connectors because it resists aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic solvents, diesel, gasoline, and many aggressive service fluids at temperatures below 80°C. The heat-stabilized formulation extends continuous use in dry air to approximately 100–110°C for moderate mechanical loads, although published data for this specific configuration is limited and application-specific immersion testing is required. In low-temperature impact, the grade retains ductility below -20°C, which distinguishes it from PA66, where notched impact properties fall more steeply as temperature decreases.
The amide bond is not resistant to strong acids, strong bases, phenols, or zinc chloride solutions. Concentrated formic acid and sulfuric acid attack PA12 even at ambient temperature. Brake fluid exposure exceeding 80°C requires dedicated compatibility testing because glycol ethers can plasticize the surface and reduce friction coefficients in snap-fit engagements. These limitations are intrinsic to the PA12 chemistry and are not mitigated by the heat-stabilization package.
Fuel permeation resistance is superior to that of polyethylene and comparable to PA11. Fuel evaporation limits should be validated under SAE J1737 or an equivalent method because permeation rates depend on wall thickness and test fuel composition. The grade is not recommended for continuous service in methanol-rich fuels above 60°C without testing; small alcohols increase polarity and can extract low-molecular-weight fractions from the polymer surface.
In extrusion of monolayer tubing, the material is processed on single-screw extruders with L/D ratios usually between 25:1 and 30:1. The screw should be designed for polyamide with a compression ratio of 2.5:1 to 3.0:1 and a grooved feed section. Melt temperature is maintained between 225°C and 250°C, and the die is operated within the same temperature band. Vacuum calibration is used for dimensional control; water bath temperatures of 20–40°C are common for small-diameter tubing. The main production-scale failure mode is surging caused by pellet bridging in the feed throat when temperature exceeds 80°C, which collapses the solid-conveying zone and produces periodic wall-thickness variation.
In multi-cavity tools with hot runners, the manifold should be held below 250°C; stagnation zones above this temperature generate carbonized deposits that detach as black specks in parts. Hot-runner gate freeze-off can occur when mold temperature falls below 35°C, particularly at tip gates with small orifices. Valve-gated hot runners are preferred for larger shot weights because the melt channel remains open during hold pressure and prevents premature gate solidification.
Linear mold shrinkage for this unreinforced PA12 is typically 0.7–0.9% according to ISO 294-4. Shrinkage is relatively isotropic in comparison with short-glass PA12 grades, which exhibit flow-direction shrinkage below 0.3% and transverse shrinkage above 1.0%. The near-isotropic contraction of L25 W 10 HX reduces warpage in flat covers and connector bodies, but it also requires wider tooling allowances than reinforced materials. In parts with a longest flow path above 150 mm, mold-filling analysis should account for the non-Newtonian viscosity of unreinforced PA12 rather than assuming constant viscosity.
Replacement of a glass-filled PA12 or PA66 with this unreinforced grade should not be based solely on density reduction. The unreinforced material lowers part mass by approximately 10–15% relative to PA6 or PA66, but tensile modulus drops by more than 50% and creep resistance under sustained load is lower. If the load-bearing requirement is unchanged, the design must be modified by increasing rib thickness, adding curvature, or changing to a thermoplastic elastomer overmolding. Direct drop-in replacement without finite-element validation is not recommended.
Compared with PA11, PA12 has a slightly lower density and lower water absorption in most published comparisons. PA11 may offer higher resistance to certain polyamide solvents and is sometimes selected for offshore flexible pipe applications, while PA12 is widely used in automotive tubing because of its balance of processability and impact resistance. The selection between PA11 and PA12 is often driven by regional availability and long-term hydrostatic testing rather than a single property difference.
The lower amide concentration of PA12 yields a dielectric constant near 3.5–4.0 at 1 MHz when dry, with less humid rise than PA6. This supports electrical connectors and cable sheathing where surface leakage currents must remain stable. However, PA12 is not inherently flame retardant; the heat stabilizer does not confer a UL 94 V-0 classification. If a flame-retardant classification is required, a flame-retardant PA12 variant must be selected.
The dry designation must be confirmed at incoming inspection. A batch with moisture above 0.15% should not be released to production without drying. For clean-room or medical tubing applications, additional extractables, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis testing according to application-specific standards is required because the base grade datasheet does not provide biocompatibility evidence.
