| HS Code | 131241 |
| Density | 1.23 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength | 70 MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 4200 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 8% |
| Flexural Modulus | 4000 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact | 6 kJ/m² |
| Shore D Hardness | 75 |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 90 °C |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.7% |
| Moisture Absorption Equilibrium | 0.9% |
| Linear Mold Shrinkage | 0.3% |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L XE 10987 black 9225 Nylon 12, 30% Glass Bead Filled, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 25 kg sealed moisture-proof bags, nitrogen flushed, with desiccant, containing black conditioned Nylon 12 pellets. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading: one full container of EMS-Grivory Grilamid L XE 10987 black 9225 nylon 12, 30% glass bead filled, conditioned. |
| Shipping | This nylon 12 grade ships as conditioned pellets in sealed, moisture-barrier bags to prevent water absorption. Keep containers closed and dry, avoiding extreme heat or direct sunlight. No hazardous classification applies, but standard handling with protective gloves is recommended. Transport in clean, covered trucks to protect packaging integrity. |
| Storage | Store in original, sealed packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and UV radiation. Keep containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption, as Nylon 12 is hygroscopic. Maintain stable temperatures and low humidity. Avoid impacts that could damage packaging. Use within recommended shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is indefinite when stored in original sealed packaging, kept cool, dry, and protected from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. |
Injection moulding of EMS-Grivory Grilamid L XE 10987 black 9225 for passenger-compartment sensor brackets and wiring-harness clip housings exploits the near-spherical filler geometry to suppress anisotropic mould shrinkage. The 30 wt% glass-bead loading reduces differential shrinkage between flow and transverse directions when compared with short-glass-fibre PA12 grades, and the conditioned moisture state shifts dimensions less than in PA6 or PA66 because PA12 reaches equilibrium at a lower water content under 23 °C and 50 % RH. Production-scale runs on all-electric toggle-clamp machines with screw diameter 30–40 mm and L/D 20–22 use melt temperatures of 250 °C to 280 °C and mould temperatures of 50 °C to 80 °C; the hold pressure is maintained until gate freeze to minimise post-demoulding warpage in flat brackets. Because the material is supplied as a conditioned compound, any prior bulk storage that exceeds 60 % RH necessitates pre-drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h until a moisture content below 0.10 % is confirmed, as excess moisture hydrolyses the PA12 melt and produces surface splay on polished black parts. Gate placement at the thickest wall section and a minimum nominal wall thickness of 1.5 mm reduce overpacking gradients. Parts demoulded at 60 °C and subsequently conditioned to equilibrium according to ISO 1110 exhibit dimensional changes within the tolerance band required for snap-fit locking lugs. The black 9225 formulation contains carbon black; this is acceptable for interior UV exposure but must be assessed under OEM-specific PV1303 or SAE J2412 weathering requirements for upper dashboard surfaces. Batch-to-batch melt viscosity variation is controlled by the supplier's lot certification to ISO 1133-1, but production moulders still monitor cushion stability to avoid shot-weight drift caused by glass-bead settling in the hopper during long runs.
Weld-line strength becomes the dominant process-control variable when the grade is used for multi-gated pneumatic valve bodies and fluidic manifolds. Unlike fibre-filled systems, the spherical glass beads do not bridge weld lines through mechanical interlocking; the weld zone therefore consists of a bead-depleted resin-rich band, and notch sensitivity increases when injection pressure at the flow-front junction is below 40 MPa. On hydraulic clamp machines of 1,000–1,500 kN, mould-filling simulations and short-shot studies have shown that a fill time below 0.8 s and a melt temperature in the upper range of 260 °C to 280 °C improve weld-line blending but increase gas entrapment near the last-filled boss. Vacuum assist of 0.06–0.08 MPa is required to prevent burn marks when venting is limited. For two-plate moulds, moving the gate away from the valve-bore axis by at least 2.5 mm shifts the weld line into a thicker boss and reduces air entrapment. Conditioned PA12-GB30 has higher elongation than the dry moulded state, but published data for weld-line tensile retention specific to this grade is limited; validation should measure welded and un-welded specimens according to ISO 527-1/-2 and compare notched Charpy impact according to ISO 179-1/1eA at 23 °C. The material resists hydrolysis in compressed-air systems at dew points below 3 °C, but continuous exposure to phosphate-ester compressor oils above 70 °C should be validated because PA12 can undergo plasticisation and dimensional drift. For valve bodies with internal O-ring grooves, the moulded groove diameter is typically checked with a coordinate measuring machine after conditioning to ISO 1110 because dry-as-moulded dimensions are not representative of service conditions.
Detergent-contact housings in household appliances are produced from this grade when controlled surface finish and dimensional stability are the primary requirements. Exposure to anionic and non-ionic detergent solutions at concentrations up to 5 % and temperatures below 60 °C is considered non-critical for PA12, but oxidative bleaching agents and cationic sanitizers above pH 10 require pre-production immersion testing; ISO 22088-3 or ISO 4599 should be used for environmental stress-cracking assessment on moulded-in metal inserts. Mould texturing and glass-bead packing produce a uniform matte surface, although weld lines may appear as glossy bands on dark black finishes when fill time is too high and cavity pressure drops below the level required for full bead compaction at the edge of the textured surface.
Connector housings and switch bodies moulded from PA12-GB30 are specified where pin retention and terminal alignment must survive humidity cycles without re-tightening. Moisture absorption of PA12 at 23 °C/50 % RH is lower than that of PA6 and PA66; conditioning per ISO 1110 produces a smaller post-mould dimensional change, while the glass-bead filler reduces the coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the flow and transverse directions relative to unfilled PA12. For multi-cavity connector housings, shot-to-shot weight variation below 0.15 % is achievable on 800–1,200 kN all-electric machines when cushion is maintained between 2 mm and 4 mm and decompression is set to 2 mm, preventing nozzle drool during open-mould cycles. For all-black connectors, regrind containing natural or light-coloured PA12 should be limited below 20 % because streaking and surface resistivity shifts are observed on multi-cavity tools. Electrical performance should be verified using IEC 60112 for comparative tracking index and IEC 60243-1 for dielectric strength because the carbon black in black 9225 lowers surface resistivity relative to natural PA12 compounds. The grade is generally specified as UL 94 HB; applications requiring V-2 or V-0 classification require separate testing because glass-bead-filled PA12 with carbon black may not meet flame-retardant criteria without additional additive packages.
| Standard or method | Application-specific role | Condition or end-use relevance |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 527-1/-2 | Tensile yield stress and strain for load-bearing snap-fit design | 23 °C, 5 mm/min test speed |
| ISO 179-1/1eA | Notched Charpy impact for low-temperature installation | 23 °C and −30 °C |
| ISO 75-1/-2 | Short-term heat resistance of connector housings under load | 1.8 MPa flexural stress |
| ISO 62 | Water absorption and associated dimensional change in conditioned service | Saturation in water at 23 °C |
| ISO 1110 | Accelerated moisture conditioning for property comparison | Polyamide accelerated conditioning atmosphere |
| ISO 294-4 | Moulding shrinkage for tool compensation | Parallel and perpendicular to flow |
| IEC 60112 | Comparative tracking index for connector insulation | Alternating voltage on conditioned specimens |
| IEC 60243-1 | Dielectric strength for connector housings | Oil immersion in standard transformer oil |
| ISO 175 | Chemical resistance of appliance housings after immersion | Service fluid, time and temperature per application |
| ISO 1183 | Density comparison for metal replacement | 23 °C conditioned sample |
Lightweighting of non-structural industrial covers, guards and mounting flanges often begins with a density comparison: PA12-GB30 conditioned density is typically in the range of 1.20–1.26 g/cm³ measured to ISO 1183, while zinc die-cast alloys are near 6.6 g/cm³. The stiffness gap remains significant, with zinc tensile modulus at roughly 90–100 GPa and this PA12 compound in the 1.5–2.5 GPa range measured to ISO 527-1/-2; direct one-for-one substitution without rib redesign produces deflection failures. Acceptable designs use rib height-to-wall-thickness ratios of 3:1 to 5:1, with rib root radii not below 0.25 mm to limit stress concentration. Creep resistance under continuous load must be validated using ISO 899-1 at the service temperature and stress level; published data for this specific grade is limited, so part-level creep testing is required before replacing metal in load-bearing flanges. The conditioned state reduces modulus slightly but increases strain at break, which improves impact energy absorption in drop-weight testing. For applications exposed to mineral-oil mist, the PA12 base polymer resists mineral-oil mist, but seals and adhesives should be screened because oil-soluble additives may migrate into the matrix and soften the surface layer.
Cable routing clips and snap-fit fasteners installed in cold environments require a balance of flexural modulus and notched impact strength. With glass beads, the stress concentration around the spherical filler is lower than around short-glass fibres, but at sub-zero temperatures the PA12 matrix becomes the limiting factor and bead-matrix debonding can initiate at the equator of the filler. Injection moulders report that parts moulded with a cold runner and hot tip system maintain more consistent snap-fit insertion force from −20 °C to 23 °C when the mould temperature is held at 70 °C or higher, because higher mould temperature reduces frozen-in orientation and skin-layer residual stress. Draw-ratio calculations for snap beams should use allowable outer-fibre strain derived from the tensile strain at yield measured under the prospective conditioning state and test speed; ISO 527-2 at 5 mm/min is a starting point. The notched Charpy impact strength of PA12-GB30 is expected to be lower than unfilled PA12, so clip designs requiring repeated flexing should avoid sharp internal corners below 0.5 mm radius. Low-temperature installation validation is performed using ISO 179-1/1eA on specimens conditioned to actual service moisture content, because dry-as-moulded values overestimate low-temperature brittleness in the unconditioned state.
Structural components for laboratory diagnostic instruments and cable-management troughs are moulded from the conditioned grade where low moisture uptake and dimensional stability reduce calibration drift. The glass-bead filler provides a smoother surface and less fibre orientation than short-glass compounds, which is relevant for close-tolerance dovetail slides and snap-on covers. If the component is not in direct patient contact, ISO 10993 biocompatibility remains end-device responsibility; no claim of medical-grade compliance should be inferred from the base polymer alone. Mould flow simulation for flat rectangular covers should use a minimum bead concentration of 30 wt% in the core and avoid localised bead depletion at the last-filled corner; this is verified by ashing tests to ISO 3451-1.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L XE 10987 black 9225 is a polyamide 12 injection-moulding grade filled with 30% by weight spherical glass beads and supplied in the black 9225 colour formulation. The reference state designated as conditioned indicates that mechanical values are reported after moisture uptake under ISO 1110 accelerated polyamide conditioning or ISO 291 standard atmospheres. The polyamide 12 backbone provides lower equilibrium water absorption than polyamide 6 or polyamide 66, while the spherical filler geometry produces a more isotropic shrinkage response than chopped glass fibre. Typical production applications include dimensionally stable housings, sensor carriers, flow-control components, fluid reservoir covers, and precision enclosures in which flatness after humidity cycling is an acceptance criterion.
The material identity comprises three structural variables that determine processing and service behaviour. The polyamide 12 base resin has a melting peak near 176 °C under ISO 11357-3 differential scanning calorimetry. The 30 wt.% glass bead loading raises elastic modulus and reduces mould shrinkage relative to unreinforced polyamide 12. The black 9225 colour package, typically based on carbon black, affects surface appearance and may modify electrical surface properties. Together, these variables produce a grade that is positioned for applications needing low moisture growth, moderate stiffness, reduced anisotropic warpage, and good resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons and oils. Published data for this exact glass bead configuration in long-term hot air or highly aggressive solvent contact are limited; component-level validation under the relevant exposure standard is therefore required before release.
Moisture conditioning changes tensile and impact behaviour because water acts as a polar plasticiser within the polyamide phase. In the dry-as-moulded state, the bead-filled matrix is stiffer and more notch-sensitive. After conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity, or after accelerated conditioning under ISO 1110, tensile modulus decreases, elongation at break increases, and notched impact resistance rises. The shift is smaller than that observed in polyamide 6 or polyamide 66 because polyamide 12 absorbs less water. Equilibrium water uptake under ISO 62 for polyamide 12 is approximately 1.2 % by mass at 23 °C saturation, compared with roughly 8 % to 10 % for polyamide 6 and polyamide 66. This lower moisture affinity reduces the magnitude of property drift in humid service and simplifies part stabilisation in airtight electronic assemblies.
The following indicative ranges are drawn from the manufacturer’s published class data for glass-bead-filled polyamide 12 grades and are not specification maxima or minima. The conditioned column corresponds to equilibrium at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity unless otherwise noted.
| Property | Standard | Dry-as-moulded | Conditioned |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.23–1.25 g/cm³ | 1.23–1.25 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2, 1 mm/min | 2500–2800 MPa | 1400–1700 MPa |
| Tensile stress at break | ISO 527-1/-2, 5 mm/min | 45–55 MPa | 35–45 MPa |
| Nominal strain at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 4–7 % | 10–20 % |
| Charpy notched impact strength, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eA | 3–5 kJ/m² | 5–8 kJ/m² |
| Charpy unnotched impact strength, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eU | 25–35 kJ/m² | 35–50 kJ/m² |
| Water absorption, saturation at 23 °C | ISO 62 | 1.1–1.4 % | — |
| Melting temperature | ISO 11357-3 | 175–179 °C | 175–179 °C |
For tolerance analysis, the conditioned tensile modulus is the design-critical input because most indoor and under-hood components reach partial moisture equilibrium within weeks. A snap-fit or press-insert hub sized using dry-as-moulded stiffness alone can produce excessively high insertion force after moisture uptake, while a weld boss sized using conditioned stiffness without considering dry-state brittleness can fail during first assembly. Both states must appear in finite-element material cards, with the lower-modulus conditioned state used for long-term creep and the dry state used for low-temperature impact simulation.
The moulding of Grilamid L XE 10987 black 9225 on production-scale reciprocating-screw injection machines requires closed-loop drying before melt processing. A dehumidified air or vacuum dryer set at 80 °C for 4–6 h reduces residual moisture to below 0.1 % by weight. Transfer lines between dryer and feed throat should be short and purged with dry air; hopper residence at production temperature should not exceed the time required to maintain consistent granulate feed. Melt temperature is maintained between 220 °C and 250 °C, with a typical profile from feed to nozzle of 230 °C, 240 °C, 245 °C, and 250 °C. Mould surface temperature is controlled between 40 °C and 60 °C. The lower half of that range reduces cycle time but increases frozen-in orientation and post-mould warpage; the upper half improves flatness and surface uniformity in glass-bead-filled covers.
Screw geometry influences bead attrition and filler distribution. General-purpose nylon screws with L/D ratios of 20:1 to 25:1 and compression ratios between 2.0:1 and 2.5:1 are adequate for 30 mm to 60 mm cylinders. Screw surface speed should be limited to below 0.4 m/s in the metering section to reduce glass bead fracture. High back pressure, typically below 5 MPa, assists melt homogenisation without excessive shear heating. Holding pressure is adjusted to gate-seal time; on a 1000 kN to 8000 kN clamp class machine, holding pressures of 40–80 MPa are commonly used for multicavity tools. Too low a holding pressure can induce sink over thick bosses; too high a holding pressure can increase mould deflection and create flash at the parting line.
Mould shrinkage under ISO 294-4 is the key comparative metric for this grade. Because the filler particles are approximately spherical, they do not orient strongly in the flow field, and shrinkage is more nearly equal in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Typical shrinkage after 48 h at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity is 0.8 % to 1.1 % in both flow and transverse directions. The differential shrinkage is usually below 0.3 percentage points, compared with a glass-fibre-reinforced polyamide 12 where transverse shrinkage can be two to four times the flow-direction value. This behaviour is measured on rectangular plaques and transferred to tool design only after gate-location and wall-thickness effects are considered.
Automotive fluid reservoirs, vapour separation housings, and quick-connector bodies made from polyamide 12 are selected for resistance to oils, greases, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and aqueous coolants. Chemical resistance is assessed under ISO 175 immersion tests, often supplemented by OEM fluid exposure protocols. The 30 % glass bead loading reduces anisotropic warpage in flat sealing surfaces and stabilises the outer envelope across temperature and humidity cycles. Published data for this specific glass-bead-filled polyamide 12 after long-term exposure to oxygenated fuels or aggressive alcohol blends are limited, and validation should involve the actual production colour lot and the target fluid mixture.
The sealing performance of a fluid reservoir depends on flatness, creep, and moisture growth. A flat cover moulded from a glass-fibre polyamide 12 may exhibit anisotropic shrinkage of 0.2–0.4 % in flow direction and 0.8–1.2 % transverse, which produces measurable bowing after conditioning. The spherical glass bead filler reduces this differential and gives more uniform post-mould dimensional change. Finite-element warpage prediction for the bead-filled grade typically starts with an orthotropic residual strain model rather than a strongly anisotropic fibre-orientation model. The result is a lower cavity-to-cavity flatness scatter in multicavity tools, but the absolute flatness remains dependent on gate location, wall-thickness distribution, and coolant channel placement.
The polyamide 12 backbone also limits moisture-induced swelling compared with polyamide 66. A fluid reservoir cover conditioned at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity reaches a lower equilibrium moisture content than a polyamide 66 cover, so snap-arm deflection and boss-to-boss distance remain more stable. This reduces warranty returns traced to clearance loss after seasonal humidity cycles. The glass beads, however, reduce ductility relative to unreinforced polyamide 12, and under impact at low temperature the bead-matrix interface can become the crack path. Notched impact values should therefore be checked against the minimum service temperature of the vehicle platform.
A direct comparison between 30 % glass bead and 30 % glass fibre in polyamide 12 illustrates the design trade-off. The glass-fibre system provides higher stiffness and strength because the elongated fibre carries load along its axis; dry tensile modulus can exceed 3500 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2 at equivalent filler content. The bead-filled system provides dry tensile modulus in the range of 2500–2800 MPa, with lower tensile stress at break and lower notched impact strength. The structural penalty is accepted when the geometric quality of the part is more difficult to control than the operating stress. Precision cover plates, optical sensor brackets, and multi-insert electric housings often fall into this category because their load levels are modest but their flatness and clearance windows are tight.
The lower aspect ratio of the bead filler also changes the coefficient of linear thermal expansion. Glass fibre alignment can reduce flow-direction expansion while increasing transverse expansion. Glass bead reinforcement produces a more balanced expansion response, which simplifies work with mating aluminium or steel frames and reduces thermal stress at inserts. For dynamic thermal cycling from −40 °C to 85 °C, the uniform expansion response helps maintain insert retention, but the lower impact toughness of the bead-filled material must be considered for snap fits loaded during assembly at the cold end of the range.
Industrial sensor enclosures subjected to repeated humidity cycling between 23 °C/50 % relative humidity and 40 °C/93 % relative humidity are strong candidates for this grade. The low water uptake of polyamide 12 reduces the growth and shrinkage band across the cycle, and the spherical filler reduces differential swelling between flow and transverse directions. The result is less change in gasket groove width and more stable screw torque retention over multiple cycles. The conditioned tensile strain at break near 10–20 % allows limited snap-fit movement, but design should avoid living hinges or high-decibel deflection because the glass beads reduce ductility compared with unreinforced polyamide 12.
The spherical filler geometry also affects the rheology of the melt. Glass beads create less flow-fibre coupling than chopped glass fibre, so cavity-to-cavity filling imbalance is driven more by runner geometry and thermal uniformity than by fibre orientation. In 8-cavity and 16-cavity tools, this can narrow the shot-to-shot mass spread and reduce the range of post-mould dimensions. The trade-off is that bead-filled melts can exhibit more pronounced jetting if gate velocity is excessive, because the low-aspect-ratio filler does not suppress flow-front instability the way a dense fibre network does. Gate diameters should follow standard polyamide 12 recommendations, and the first-stage injection speed should be set to produce a smooth flow front without hesitation at thin ribs.
The material is not recommended for applications in which electrical conductivity, electrostatic dissipation, or flame retardancy beyond standard polyamide behaviour is required. Carbon black in the 9225 colour may affect surface resistivity, but the grade is not formulated as an electrically dissipative compound. Flammability classification and comparative tracking index should be confirmed from the current manufacturer documentation for the specific colour lot. Conformance for the supplied article should be obtained under the EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II and REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 SVHC list from the material supplier. Components produced for fuel-contact or drinking-water-adjacent service require additional article-level testing because the approved material formulation does not itself certify the finished part.
In processing trials, the grade is sensitive to moisture variation at the feed throat. When residual moisture exceeds 0.15 % before melt, surface splay and viscosity loss during plastication can occur. When the hopper is left open in high-humidity air above 60 % relative humidity for extended periods, pre-drying capacity must be verified and the feed throat should be purged with dried air. The narrow practical processing window for flat parts lies mainly in mould temperature control. If the cavity surface varies by more than 5 °C, differential crystallisation can reintroduce warpage even with an isotropic filler. This is the principal process conflict for the grade: the filler reduces material anisotropy, but tooling thermal uniformity and gate balance remain the controlling factors in production flatness.
Operational boundaries are therefore defined by low-temperature impact, moisture at feed, and thermal uniformity of the tool. The grade is not recommended for continuous hot-air service above 80–100 °C without additional heat stabilisation, nor for prolonged immersion in strong acids, phenols, concentrated formic acid, or chlorinated solvents that can stress-crack polyamide 12. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, mineral oils, greases, and aqueous coolants are generally compatible with the base resin, but immersion conditions and load should be evaluated under ISO 175 using production-specimen geometry. Incompatible combinations include direct contact with amine-rich additive packages that can accelerate polyamide degradation and with strong oxidising agents such as chlorine dioxide or concentrated hydrogen peroxide.
