| HS Code | 865117 |
| Density | 1.03 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption Saturation | 0.8 % |
| Tensile Modulus | 400 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 25 MPa |
| Tensile Strain At Yield | 30 % |
| Elongation At Break | 250 % |
| Charpy Impact Strength 23 C | No break |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C | 80 kJ/m² |
| Shore D Hardness | 55 |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 45 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Dry is supplied in 25 kg sealed, moisture-proof bags to preserve its dry condition. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL of EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, dry: sealed bags on pallets, securely loaded, protected from moisture. |
| Shipping | EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 (Dry) is not regulated as dangerous goods for transport. It may be shipped by road, rail, sea, or air without restriction. Ensure packaging protects from moisture and contamination; store in a cool, dry place during transit. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from direct sunlight, heat, and humidity to prevent moisture absorption. Keep away from strong oxidizing agents. Reseal containers immediately after use. Under proper conditions, shelf life is extended. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: typically 2 years from production when stored unopened, cool, dry, and away from direct sunlight. |
In automotive fuel-system extrusion, EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Dry is processed into monolayer or coextruded multilayer fuel feed, return, and vapor-recovery tubing where low equilibrium moisture absorption and controlled melt viscosity stabilize outer-diameter variation on high-speed vacuum-sizing lines. Compliance boundaries for finished tube assemblies derive from SAE J2260 for low-permeation nonmetallic fuel tubing, SAE J2044 for quick-connect coupling retention and leak integrity, and SAE J1645 for electrostatic charge mitigation when conductive fuel-line variants are specified. Formulation addition ratio for natural monolayer tubing is 98.0–99.5 wt% virgin L 25 Z resin with 0.5–2.0 wt% heat-stabilizer or processing-aid masterbatch combined to 100 wt%; carbon black conductive masterbatch is added only for static-dissipative circuits, typically above 8 wt% as a separate concentrate displacing virgin resin proportionally, to reach surface resistivity below 10⁶ Ω/sq, a loading that lowers elongation at break and therefore requires revalidation of burst strength, kink resistance, and quick-connector pull-off force. Downstream production uses a single-screw extruder with L/D ≥ 24:1, barrel zone profile from 210°C at the feed throat to 250°C at the metering section, die temperature 240–250°C, vacuum sizing at −0.6 to −0.8 bar, and post-extrusion conditioning at 23°C/50% RH for at least 4 h; pellets must be dried to below 0.10 wt% moisture with desiccant air at 80°C for 4–6 h because free moisture above this threshold causes hydrolytic molecular-weight loss and melt-pressure drift. Terminal finished product types include 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm fuel feed and return lines, fuel-tank vent lines, vapor-recovery lines, and injection-molded quick connectors that seat onto metallic or polymeric stub ends.
Commercial vehicle air brake circuits expose thermoplastic tubing to pressure pulses, road de-icing chemicals, and cold-impact events that eliminate most high-moisture-absorbing polyamides; Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 retains dimensional stability under these conditions when processed as unplasticized tubing. The controlling compliance documents are SAE J844 for pneumatic air brake tubing and ISO 7628-1:2010 for road-vehicle thermoplastic tubing, with validation testing for low-temperature impact at −40°C, longitudinal burst pressure, and boiling-water dimensional stability. The blend is set at 100 parts by weight virgin resin; where continuous high-temperature service is required, 1.0–2.0 phr heat-stabilizer masterbatch is incorporated, displacing an equivalent mass of virgin resin. Downstream production employs a vacuum-calibrated single-screw extrusion line with barrel temperatures 230–260°C, a grooved feed section, a 60/80/120-mesh screen pack to filter unmelted particles, water-bath cooling at 20–40°C, and laser or ultrasonic diameter gauging that holds outer-diameter tolerance to ±0.1 mm; batch-to-batch melt-viscosity shifts greater than ±5% observed on production lines cause ovality rejection because the tube freezes before relaxation of melt stress. Terminal finished product types include 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm outside-diameter air brake tubing, color-coded per OEM specifications, supplied in straight lengths, cut lengths, or bundles. The resin is unsuitable for continuous service above 120°C without supplementary heat stabilization and should not be exposed to concentrated oxidizing acids or phenols at elevated temperature.
Thermoplastic hydraulic hose construction uses a nylon 12 inner liner because the low equilibrium moisture absorption of the liner prevents swelling in dry-air and mineral-oil hydraulic circuits, while the mandrel-extruded surface provides a consistent substrate for high-tenacity textile or aramid fiber reinforcement. The applicable assembly standards are SAE J517 100R7 and 100R8 for textile-reinforced thermoplastic hydraulic hoses and ISO 3949:2018 for thermoplastic hoses for hydraulic service; liner acceptance tests draw on ISO 527-2 tensile elongation and ISO 188 thermal-oxidative aging. The liner formulation is 100 wt% Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, with no processing plasticizer, because plasticizer migration into ester-based hydraulic fluids softens the liner-to-braiding interface and reduces impulse-cycle retention; the reinforcement and outer cover layers are formulated separately. Downstream production extrudes the liner over a cooled mandrel at melt temperature 230–255°C and mandrel temperature 60–80°C, then applies a high-tenacity polyester or aramid fiber braid under controlled tension, followed by a polyamide or polyurethane cover extrusion at 200–240°C; liner ovality above 0.1 mm after mandrel extraction produces braid-coverage variation and can initiate early fatigue at the fitting barb. Terminal finished product types include hydraulic hoses for mobile construction equipment, agricultural implements, aerial-lift platforms, and industrial power units where working pressures fall within 100R7 or 100R8 ratings.
For industrial pneumatic control circuits, compressed air distribution, and low-pressure chemical transfer, PA12 tubing made from Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 replaces mineral-oil-smearing rubber hose because the material does not contribute volatile plasticizer to clean-room air systems and resists zinc chloride and light hydrocarbons commonly present in machine-tool atmospheres. Performance is qualified under ISO 14743:2004 for push-in connector retention on thermoplastic tubing and ISO 6358 for pneumatic fluid-power flow-rate testing; additional surface-resistivity screening follows IEC 60093 only in ATEX zones where static accumulation must be controlled. Compound composition is 99.0–99.5 wt% virgin resin with 0.5–1.0 wt% UV-stabilizer or carbon black masterbatch for exposed routing; transparent grades without carbon black are not recommended for outdoor service exceeding 2,000 h UV exposure. Production equipment consists of a single-screw extruder with L/D ≥ 25:1, barrel temperatures 230–260°C, a water-cooling trough at 15–25°C, and a laser micrometer controlling outside diameter to ±0.05 mm on 4 mm to 16 mm OD tubes. Terminal finished product types include unreinforced pneumatic tubing, coiled and bulk line sets, push-in fitting assemblies, and harnessed cable protection conduit in industrial automation and packaging machinery.
Underhood wiring harness clips, fuel line retainers, and brake-line brackets in passenger and heavy-duty vehicles are injection-molded from Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 when cold-impact testing at −40°C rules out short-chain aliphatic polyamides that exhibit brittle hinge or clip failure. Mechanical acceptance criteria are anchored to ISO 527-2 for tensile modulus and yield stress, ISO 179/1eA for notched Charpy impact at −40°C, and ASTM D638-14 where converter specifications require comparative tensile data; dimensional validation follows ISO 294-1 for injection-molded test specimens. Material charging is 100 parts by weight neat resin for most fastening components, with 1–2 phr color masterbatch displacing an equivalent mass of resin; no impact-modifier concentrate is required because the PA12 backbone provides low-temperature ductility, and amine-based mold-release agents should be avoided because they induce surface splay and weaken weld-line strength. Injection molding is performed with melt temperature 240–270°C, mold temperature 40–80°C, clamp force typically 80–120 t, and screw-back pressure 5–8 MPa; excessive melt residence time above 280°C generates yellowing and surface degradation. Terminal finished product types include push-in wiring harness clips, fuel and brake line retainers, cable ties rated for continuous temperatures up to 100°C, and underhood Bowden-cable anchor bodies.
In technical monofilament production for filtration media, paper machine clothing spirals, and industrial brush bristles, Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12 is extruded at 100 parts by weight resin with 0.1–0.5 phr processing-lubricant masterbatch through a single-screw extruder fitted with a multi-hole spinneret and water quench bath at 20–30°C, followed by three-stage drawing at a total draw ratio between 3.5:1 and 4.5:1 and annealing at 100°C for 2 h; tensile uniformity is checked against ASTM D885-10 for filament elongation and ISO 527-2 for modulus, yielding terminal products such as paper-machine clothing spirals, filter-fabric monofilaments, zip-fastener monofilaments, and technical brush bristles. Published application-specific data for Grilamid L 25 Z in this exact monofilament configuration is limited; converter correlation trials should establish titre tolerance and draw-ratio limits before production qualification.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Dry is an unreinforced polyamide 12 grade specified for injection molding and extrusion of thin-wall technical components. The term “Dry” identifies the moisture-protected supply state of the granulate rather than a chemical modification; the base resin is a long-chain aliphatic polyamide prepared from laurolactam. Under ISO 1183-1:2019, the density of the dry-as-molded material is 1.01 g/cm³, and the melting peak determined by ISO 11357-1/-3 is 178 °C. The lower amide-group density of PA12 relative to PA6 or PA66 reduces equilibrium water uptake to approximately 0.7 % by ISO 62, which is the primary reason this grade is evaluated for parts exposed to humidity swings or fuel-line condensate.
In the dry-as-molded condition, the product exhibits a tensile modulus of approximately 1,500 MPa when tested according to ISO 527-1/-2 and a notched Charpy impact strength in the range of 7 kJ/m² to 9 kJ/m² at 23 °C under ISO 179-1/1eA. The “25” position in the EMS nomenclature denotes the viscosity class, placing the material in a medium-viscosity band suitable for both screw injection and tube extrusion; the “Z” suffix identifies the specific stabilization and impact-modification package applied to the PA12 backbone. Published compositional detail for this stabilization system is limited, but the commercial datasheet distinguishes the grade from unmodified L 25 material by its retained melt strength and improved damage tolerance after molding.
The principal difference lies in the additive and viscosity package denoted by “Z” and the numerical viscosity class “25.” Published EMS processing guidance for Grilamid PA12 places the L 25 viscosity class in a medium-viscosity envelope suitable for both injection-molded connectors and extruded tube. The Z-selected stabilization package provides retained impact resistance after thermal exposure; however, the exact organometallic or phenolic stabilizer composition is not disclosed in the commercial datasheet. In practice, the dry-as-molded tensile modulus is approximately 1,500 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2, while notched Charpy impact strength under ISO 179-1/1eA at 23 °C is on the order of 7 kJ/m² to 9 kJ/m². This distinguishes it from unplasticized, lower-viscosity PA12 grades that trade impact for higher melt flow.
The practical processing envelope is bounded by moisture control and thermal residence time. Granulate exposed to ambient air at relative humidity above 60 % must be re-dried in a desiccant dryer at 80 °C for 4 h to 8 h until residual moisture measured by ISO 15512 remains below 0.10 %. Injection molding is typically performed with melt temperatures between 220 °C and 250 °C and tool temperatures from 40 °C to 80 °C. Extrusion lines running 8 mm to 12 mm outside-diameter tubing generally use barrel profiles from 215 °C to 245 °C. Exceeding 250 °C for extended residence periods risks thermal degradation of the polyamide chain; this manifests as viscosity loss, yellowing, and a drop in notched impact strength.
Unlike PA6 or PA66, the PA12 grade does not require aggressive drying to remove tightly bound moisture because of its hydrophobic alkane segments. However, a poor drying setup on a production floor is a common failure mode. Injection molding machines with hopper-loader dryers rather than closed-loop desiccant systems often fail to maintain the 0.10 % moisture ceiling during humid weather, resulting in splay, dimensional scatter, and erratic melt cushion. The same issue has been observed on twin-screw compounding lines where the material is fed from open gaylords without dry-air purge. Maintaining a supply-state moisture level below 0.10 % is therefore a processing prerequisite, not a convenience.
Dry-as-molded mechanical data define the upper modulus and yield-strength boundary for this grade. Once the material equilibrates with ambient humidity, tensile modulus decreases and elongation at break increases. Designers using PA12 should therefore evaluate both dry and conditioned states unless the part is permanently sealed from moisture ingress.
| Property | Dry-as-molded value | Method |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Melting temperature | 178 °C | ISO 11357-1/-3 |
| Tensile modulus | approximately 1,500 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Yield stress | approximately 45 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Charpy notched impact, 23 °C | 7–9 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Water absorption at saturation | 0.7 % | ISO 62 |
| Heat distortion temperature, 0.45 MPa | 130 °C | ISO 75-2 Method B |
These values represent dry-as-molded condition data and do not describe the conditioned state after equilibrium with 50 % relative humidity. Moisture plasticization reduces tensile modulus and increases elongation at break in PA12; the magnitude of the shift depends on wall thickness and exposure time. For load-bearing snap-fit arms, the lower modulus after moisture uptake must be included in deflection calculations, otherwise engagement force can fall below the design target after several weeks of humid service.
PA12 is selected over PA66 in snap-fit connectors and tubing clips because the glass-transition region of PA12 is near 40 °C to 50 °C, while PA66 is higher and may embrittle at sub-zero temperatures. The L 25 Z dry grade retains notched Charpy impact values above 5 kJ/m² at -30 °C in many published PA12 datasheets; specific EMS data should be verified for the actual lot. Compared with plasticized PA12, the Z grade provides a balance between flexibility and crush resistance without the pronounced modulus loss associated with external plasticizer migration.
In automotive fuel-vapour line applications, PA12 competes with PA11 and with multi-layer HDPE constructions. PA12 offers a melt temperature of 178 °C, while PA11 melts near 189 °C, and both exhibit fuel permeation resistance within the same order of magnitude. The decision between PA12 and PA11 often depends on local monomer availability and the required low-temperature flexibility. Compared with PA6 or PA66, PA12 has lower density, lower moisture absorption, and better zinc chloride stress-crack resistance; compared with unreinforced PA6, however, PA12 has a lower tensile modulus and lower heat-deflection temperature.
The supplied dry granulate should not be assumed ready to process after prolonged storage or after partial bag use. Best practice is to read the residual moisture content by ISO 15512 Method A or equivalent loss-on-drying. If the value is above 0.10 %, a desiccant dryer with a dew point of -40 °C or lower is recommended. Injection molders should set melt temperature at 230 °C to 245 °C for thick-wall parts and at 220 °C to 235 °C for thin-wall connectors. Tool temperature should be set at the high end of 40 °C to 80 °C to reduce moulded-in stress in snap-fit features, but excessively high tool temperature extends cycle time and can cause sticking in deep cores.
| Processing parameter | Typical setting | Equipment note |
|---|---|---|
| Residual moisture before processing | <0.10 % | ISO 15512 |
| Drying temperature | 80 °C | Desiccant dryer, dew point ≤ -40 °C |
| Drying time | 4–8 h | Closed-loop dry-air circulation |
| Melt temperature, injection molding | 220–250 °C | Single-flight screw, L/D 20:1 to 25:1 |
| Mold temperature | 40–80 °C | Conformal cooling for deep cores |
| Extrusion melt temperature | 215–245 °C | Spiral mandrel die, separate die-head zones |
Chemical resistance of PA12 is generally superior to PA6 in automotive oils, greases, fuels, and salt solutions. The grade is not recommended for continuous exposure to concentrated mineral acids, strong phenols, or boiling water without a specific end-use test. In fuel-contact parts, component-level testing under ISO 20860 or SAE J2260 is required because the fitting geometry, clip force, and tube interference contribute to failure more than the base polymer alone. Published data for this specific dry grade in multi-layer fuel line constructions is limited; therefore, design validation requires lot-specific creep and chemical ageing data from the resin producer.
When directly compared with Grilamid L 25 without the Z suffix, the L 25 Z dry grade provides a lower notch sensitivity in moulded-in hinges and snap arms. This is inferred from the notched Charpy target values because EMS does not publish a full compositional comparison. The difference between “Dry” and standard moisture-conditioned material is operational: dry granulate reaches the melt viscosity specified for the grade only when protected from ambient humidity. If the pellet is stored in an open silo at 70 % RH for 48 h, the injection pressure required to fill a thin-wall tool can shift by a measurable margin and surface blemishes may appear.
Extrusion of spiral-wound PA12 tubing from this grade demands tighter temperature control at the die exit than PA6. A melt-temperature overshoot above 250 °C produces die-lip deposits and outer-surface roughness, a failure mode observed on production-scale single-screw extruders with screw diameters of 30 mm to 60 mm. Reducing extruder screw speed alone does not compensate if the die head lacks separate temperature zones; the result is lower output with unchanged degradation at the hot spots. This operational boundary is a practical consequence of PA12 melt rheology, not a defect in the dried resin.
Regulatory status for food-contact, medical, or drinking-water service is not implied by the “Dry” designation. If an application requires compliance with FDA 21 CFR 177.1500, EU 10/2011, or USP Class VI, the specific production lot must be verified against the relevant extraction and migration test protocols. The grade is sold for industrial and transportation applications where dimensional stability in humid conditions, low-temperature toughness, and resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons are the main selection drivers.
