| HS Code | 108591 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption At Saturation | 0.8 % |
| Tensile Strength Conditioned | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 50 % |
| Tensile Modulus Conditioned | 1100 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus Conditioned | 1200 MPa |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength Conditioned | 30 kJ/m² |
| Melting Point Dsc | 178 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature B 50 | 145 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 135 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 55 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaged as 25 kg net in moisture-proof polyethylene-lined bags, palletized and shrink-wrapped for safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: Load Grilamid L 25 Z conditioned nylon 12 securely, protected from moisture, with stable, even weight distribution. |
| Shipping | The material is shipped in sealed, moisture-barrier packaging to preserve its conditioned state. Store away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Ensure proper ventilation and handle with care to avoid damage. Transportation should follow standard non-hazardous polymer guidelines, protecting from impact and excessive humidity. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid L 25 Z in its original, sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and heat sources. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent water absorption. Under these conditions, shelf life typically extends to several years as long as material remains dry and uncontaminated. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is indefinite when stored in original sealed container in cool, dry conditions, protected from UV and moisture. |
In tractor-trailer pneumatic brake circuits where coiled assemblies must extend and retract continuously from −40°C to +80°C without outer-jacket cracking, the selection of conditioned Grilamid L 25 Z is driven by retention of burst pressure after environmental cycling and by resistance to zinc chloride road salt solutions that produce stress-cracking in less chemically inert polyamides. For this application, the primary compliance framework is SAE J844 for thermoplastic air brake tubing and ISO 7628-2:2014 for coiled low-pressure polyamide tubing, with tensile property verification conducted under ISO 527-2:2012 and impact resistance evaluated at −40°C using ISO 179-1:2010 notched Charpy specimens. The formulation is maintained at 100 wt% of conditioned base polymer; no additional external plasticizer or impact modifier is required because the conditioned equilibrium moisture content of the supplied grade provides the necessary low-temperature ductility. In black exterior trailer lines, a carbon black UV stabilization masterbatch is added at 2–4 wt%, with melt-blend homogeneity verified by ISO 1133-1:2022 melt flow rate measurement and surface resistivity measured according to ASTM D257-14 where antistatic behavior is specified for mining applications. Downstream production uses a single-screw extruder with a 25:1 to 30:1 L/D barrel and a grooved feed section to prevent pellet slip with conditioned resin, followed by a stainless-steel screen pack with a 60–80 µm filtration rating and a spiral mandrel die that reduces melt fracture at line speeds up to 35 m/min. Tubing is vacuum-calibrated to maintain OD tolerance of ±0.05 mm, then passed through a two-stage water cascade at 50–60°C and 18–22°C to set crystallinity and prevent post-shrinkage during winter installation. Terminal finished product forms include straight air brake lines, pre-fabricated trailer air harness assemblies, spiral retractable coils with 1/4 in and 3/8 in OD, and mining conveyor pneumatic control bundles where flame-retardant jacket compounds are coextruded. Processing limits are explicit: re-drying at 80°C to <0.10 wt% moisture is required if bagged material remains open above 60% RH for more than 4 h; melt temperature must not exceed 250°C because residence times above 10 minutes generate oxidative gels that reduce burst strength through visible weld-line failure.
In unbonded flexible riser construction, the internal polymer pressure sheath must retain hydrostatic collapse resistance and gas decompression integrity during service in hydrocarbon environments containing dissolved CO₂ and H₂S. Grilamid L 25 Z is evaluated against API 17J and ISO 13628-2:2006 for unbonded flexible pipe; qualification programs commonly include tensile testing per ISO 527-2:2012, flexural modulus per ISO 178:2019, and long-term hydrostatic testing in hot wet nitrogen at 100°C and 300 bar to establish creep rupture envelopes. The compound is processed at 100 wt% base polymer with a hindered phenolic/phosphate processing stabilizer package limited to 0.2–0.5 wt% to avoid plasticization of the amorphous phase; regrind addition above 15 wt% is not accepted in pressure sheath layers because repeated heat history reduces elongation at break below 150% and increases the probability of microvoid formation at the carcass interface. Production equipment typically includes a single-screw extruder with 30:1 to 33:1 L/D and a barrier screw, feeding an annular crosshead die mounted over the stainless-steel interlocked carcass at a melt temperature window of 230–245°C. The principal process conflict is the narrow temperature window: at melt temperatures above 250°C, surface oxidation appears as yellow-brown discoloration and gel particles initiate stress concentrations, while below 225°C melt fracture and poor adhesion to the underlying carcass are observed at production line speeds of 0.5–1.5 m/min. Post-extrusion cooling must be controlled between 5 K/min and 15 K/min through multiple water sprays; faster cooling produces a fine spherulitic structure with reduced gas permeation but increases residual hoop stress, whereas slower cooling creates non-uniform crystallinity across the wall and can reduce collapse resistance. Wall thickness is continuously monitored by ultrasonic gauge with an acceptance band of ±0.3 mm around the design thickness, and excised ring samples are hydrostatically burst tested at 1.5× design pressure according to the pipe manufacturer’s API qualification records. Terminal finished product types include internal pressure sheaths for 6 in to 16 in unbonded flexible risers, dynamic umbilical service lines, and water-injection flowlines in which the polyamide 12 layer functions as a chemically inert barrier against permeated gas. Published creep data for this specific conditioned grade under saturated sour hydrocarbon conditions is limited; design verification therefore relies on layer-by-layer qualification testing at elevated temperature and pressure rather than on extrapolating short-term tensile data.
A compressed-air distribution network at 0.6–1.0 MPa line pressure imposes continuous hoop stress on thermoplastic tubing that remains acceptable only when wall thickness is held to ±0.03 mm and when the polymer retains its conditioned toughness after exposure to trace lubricant aerosols. Grilamid L 25 Z is typically converted as a neat resin at 100 wt% base polymer without additional processing aid; if antistatic performance is specified for solvent-borne ignitable atmospheres, a conductive additive masterbatch is metered at 1–3 wt% at the throat and mixed by a Maddock shear section. Compliance for industrial pneumatic tubing is anchored to ISO 15493-1:2003 and ISO 15493-2:2003 for industrial polyamide piping systems, with fitting compatibility verified under ISO 14743:2020 for push-in connectors. Burst verification is conducted at 3× rated working pressure at 23°C and at 80°C to confirm temperature-dependent derating. Extrusion is executed on a 24:1 single-screw extruder with a vacuum-calibrated sizing sleeve and closed-loop diameter gauge; post-extrusion conditioning at 21°C and 50% RH for 24 h stabilizes the conditioned moisture level before pressure testing. Terminal finished products are 4–16 mm OD pneumatic tubing, colored control-line bundles for robotic assembly cells, and push-in connector lines cut to customer-specific length with chamfered ends. Processing limitations: regrind from start-up purgings is limited to 10 wt%; above this fraction, the coefficient of variation in wall thickness increases beyond 0.8% at line speeds above 25 m/min.
For road-vehicle cable jackets subjected to short-term excursions above 125°C and to rock-impact conditions at −40°C, the lower moisture uptake of polyamide 12 relative to polyamide 6 reduces the probability of dimensional swelling at the conductor interface and maintains dielectric strength after humidity aging. Jacketing compounds based on Grilamid L 25 Z are processed at 100 wt% base polymer, with a low-halogen flame-retardant masterbatch added at 3–6 wt% where IEC 60332-1-2 single-wire flame spread performance is required; flame-retardant packages based on amine synergists are not used because amines accelerate polyamide 12 chain scission at extrusion temperatures above 230°C. Electrical and mechanical compliance is verified under ISO 6722-1:2011 for road vehicle cables, with cold impact at −40°C according to the jacket test sequence of ISO 6722-1:2011 and abrasion resistance according to the pulley method; long-term thermal aging is conducted at 125°C for 3,000 h followed by bend testing. The extrusion line uses a 24:1 L/D single-screw extruder with a crosshead pressure die and air cooling; melt temperature is held at 235–250°C, and conductor preheating to 80–100°C is applied to prevent quench-induced circumferential voids in thin-wall jackets below 0.25 mm. Terminal products include ABS sensor cable jackets, electronic parking brake harness sheaths, and high-flex robotic trailing cable jackets where weld-line-free surfaces are verified by in-line spark testing at 2.5 kV AC after printing. Process boundaries are defined by screw speed and pressure: residence times beyond 12 minutes at 250°C shift the dissipation factor upward and create brittle failure in cold impact, while excessive screw speed above 120 rpm on a 60 mm screw causes melt fracture at the die land.
Chemical transfer tubing extruded from Grilamid L 25 Z is used where the tube wall must resist aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic solvents, and oxygenated fuels while retaining flexible coil set at low temperatures. The formulation is 100 wt% conditioned base polymer; color concentrate addition is limited to ≤2 wt% because higher loadings of inorganic pigments reduce elongation at break below the threshold required for clamped barb fittings. Compliance testing for chemical resistance follows ISO 175:2010 with mass and tensile retention measured after immersion in representative solvents at 23°C and 60°C, while mechanical properties are determined under ISO 527-2:2012. The downstream extrusion process is a monolayer tube line with a 25:1 L/D screw, a vacuum sizing tank at −0.4 bar, and a post-extrusion annealing zone at 140°C for 15 minutes to enhance crystallinity and reduce solvent-induced dimensional change. Terminal finished product types are fuel-transfer lines for portable generators, solvent feed lines for flexographic printing machines, and low-permeation chemical dosing lines where outer diameters from 6 mm to 20 mm are common. The primary operational boundary is incompatibility with concentrated formic acid and strongly phenolic solutions; exposure to such media should be excluded from application acceptance unless validated by ISO 175:2010 at the actual service temperature. Published data for this specific grade after long-term methanol exposure is limited; validation requires customer-specific immersion testing.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 Z Nylon 12, Conditioned is a semi-crystalline impact-modified polyamide 12 grade in which the datasheet mechanical values are reported after conditioning of test specimens at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity in accordance with ISO 291. The material is supplied as cylindrical pellets, and the dry-as-molded state is not directly interchangeable with the conditioned state because equilibrium moisture absorption modifies the amide hydrogen-bond network. Density determined by ISO 1183-1 is approximately 1.01–1.02 g/cm³. Water absorption at saturation in 23 °C water by ISO 62 is approximately 1.4–1.5 % by mass for PA12; equilibrium moisture uptake at 23 °C/50 % RH is commonly 0.6–0.8 %. The suffix Z in EMS nomenclature identifies a toughness-modified variant within the L 25 viscosity family, distinguishing it from unmodified L 25, heat-stabilized L 25 H, and glass-fibre-reinforced L 25 W 20.
Conditioned specimen data are intended for design calculations in applications where the component operates in humid air or where long-term moisture uptake is expected. Absorbed water lowers short-term tensile modulus, yield stress, hardness, and glass-transition temperature, while elongation and notched impact energy are typically increased. This shift is plasticization rather than hydrolytic degradation: at moderate service temperatures, water in PA12 is reversible and does not permanently cleave the polymer chain. Melt processing of the pellets nevertheless requires drying, because the moisture level appropriate for conditioned test specimens is above the maximum recommended feed moisture for extrusion or injection molding.
Temperature control is the main boundary. Melt temperature measured by screw-tip pyrometer should be held between 220 °C and 250 °C, with a preferred mid-range of 235–245 °C for thick-wall connector housings. Mold-wall temperatures between 40 °C and 80 °C are typical; higher mold temperatures improve crystallinity and surface gloss but increase cycle time and post-mold shrinkage. Desiccant drying at 80 °C for 4–8 h to a residual moisture content below 0.1 % is recommended before melt processing, with dryer dew point below -30 °C. If regrind is used, addition should not exceed 25–30 % and must follow the same drying schedule because reprocessing reduces molecular weight and low-temperature impact retention. Resin residence time at maximum melt temperature should be below 10 minutes to limit yellowing and chain degradation.
Unreinforced PA12 can be processed with general-purpose screws having L/D 20–25 and compression ratio 2.2–2.8:1. Back pressure in the range 30–80 bar and cushion 2–4 mm stabilize fill weight without excessive shear heating. Holding pressure should be 50–70 % of the peak injection pressure, and gate sealing should be verified by part-weight stabilization. Mold shrinkage according to ISO 294-4 in impact-modified PA12 is typically 0.8–1.6 % in the flow direction and 1.0–2.0 % transverse; orientation drives the anisotropy. Post-mold moisture uptake can add 0.1–0.3 % linear swelling, so dimensionally critical parts should be measured after 24–48 h at 23 °C/50 % RH.
At 23 °C, dry-as-molded tensile modulus of unreinforced impact-modified PA12 typically falls near 1500–1600 MPa; after equilibrium at 50 % RH, the modulus commonly falls to 1000–1100 MPa. Yield stress declines from approximately 40–45 MPa dry to 35–40 MPa conditioned. Yield strain, by contrast, increases from 4–6 % dry to 15–20 % conditioned, and nominal strain at break remains above 50 % in both states. Notched Charpy impact energy according to ISO 179-1/1eA is customarily higher in the conditioned state; an increase of 30–60 % relative to dry-as-molded is typical for unreinforced PA12. Fully conditioned impact-modified grades may exceed 7–9 kJ/m² at 23 °C and retain measurable ductility below -40 °C, depending on impact-modifier chemistry and specimen geometry.
Moisture plasticization also lowers the α-transition temperature. In dry PA12 the α-transition is observed near 40–50 °C by dynamic mechanical analysis; after water saturation it can shift below 0 °C. This shift changes load-bearing behaviour: a part that is stiff and creep-resistant when dry may become more flexible after weeks in humid service. Designers should therefore use conditioned modulus and yield stress for room-temperature structural analysis and verify creep performance under the expected humidity boundary.
| Property | Test method | Dry | Conditioned |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1500–1600 MPa | 1000–1100 MPa |
| Yield stress | ISO 527-1/-2 | 40–45 MPa | 35–40 MPa |
| Yield strain | ISO 527-1/-2 | 4–6 % | 15–20 % |
| Nominal strain at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | >50 % | >50 % |
| Notched Charpy impact, 23 °C | ISO 179-1/1eA | 5–7 kJ/m² | 7–9 kJ/m² |
Within polyamide selection, the decisive difference between PA12 and short-chain polyamides is amide-group density. PA12 contains one amide group per twelve methylene units, whereas PA6 contains one per six and PA66 one per approximately six. The lower amide density reduces equilibrium water absorption and moisture-induced dimensional change. Saturation water absorption in 23 °C water is approximately 1.4–1.5 % for PA12, compared with 9–10 % for PA6 and 8–9 % for PA66 when tested by ISO 62. Equilibrium uptake at 23 °C/50 % RH is approximately 0.7 %, 2.5–3.0 %, and 2.0–2.5 %, respectively. The practical consequence is that PA12 retains more consistent dimensions and electrical insulation in humid environments, and its mechanical properties shift less when moving from dry to conditioned service.
| Property | Test method | PA12 | PA6 | PA66 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01–1.02 g/cm³ | 1.12–1.14 g/cm³ | 1.13–1.15 g/cm³ |
| Water absorption, 23 °C saturation | ISO 62 | 1.4–1.5 % | 9–10 % | 8–9 % |
| Moisture absorption, 23 °C/50 % RH | ISO 62 | 0.6–0.8 % | 2.5–3.0 % | 2.0–2.5 % |
| Tensile modulus, conditioned | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1000–1100 MPa | 900–1100 MPa | 1100–1300 MPa |
| Notched Charpy impact, 23 °C conditioned | ISO 179-1/1eA | 7–9 kJ/m² | 5–7 kJ/m² | 4–6 kJ/m² |
Pneumatic tubing, fuel-vapour lines, cable ties, clips, and electrical connector housings are among the industrial uses for conditioned PA12 because the material provides low moisture swell, good fatigue resistance, and high elongation. In tubing applications, the material is processed by single-screw extrusion with melt temperature 230–245 °C, vacuum calibration, and cooling water at 20–40 °C. Tube dimensions are commonly specified to DIN 73378 for polyamide tubing in automotive systems; fuel-vapour permeability and electrostatic conductivity are controlled by the final multilayer structure or by carbon-black modification, not by the base resin alone.
Electrical connector housings use PA12 because conditioned PA12 retains better dimensional stability than more hygroscopic polyamides. Volume resistivity is commonly above 10¹² Ω·m and surface resistivity above 10¹³ Ω in the dry state, though values decrease with rising moisture. Testing is performed to IEC 62631-3-1 for volume resistivity and IEC 62631-3-2 for surface resistivity. The unreinforced grade is typically rated UL 94 HB; flame-retardant requirements above this would necessitate a different compound.
Medical and food-contact use is not automatic. Some EMS-Grivory PA12 grades may be supplied with food-contact or medical documentation, but component-specific migration testing is required under EU 10/2011 or FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for nylon resins. Grade-specific certifications should be verified with the manufacturer before use. Continuous service in air is generally 80–90 °C for unreinforced impact-modified PA12, and short-term excursions up to 120–130 °C can be tolerated only if load is low and oxidative stabilization is adequate. Continuous hot-water or steam service above 60–70 °C should be avoided because hydrolysis reduces molecular weight and impact resistance. Strong mineral acids, formic acid, phenols, and concentrated oxidizing agents are incompatible. Outdoor exposure requires carbon black or an adequate UV-stabiliser package.
Compared with unmodified L 25, the Z version shifts low-temperature failure from brittle crack propagation toward ductile yielding, with some reduction in tensile modulus and creep resistance. Compared with glass-fibre-reinforced L 25 W 20, L 25 Z has lower tensile modulus by roughly 60–70 % but substantially higher elongation at break and lower notch sensitivity. Compared with PA11, PA12 has a slightly lower melting point and comparable moisture uptake, but the specific grade choice depends on supply, additive package, and available long-term aging data. Published data for long-term cyclic pressure performance at elevated temperature in this specific conditioned grade is limited; fluid-handling and safety-critical parts require application-specific validation before production release.
