| HS Code | 462366 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 45 °C |
| Tensile Modulus | 1200 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 35 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 200 % |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23c | 9 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Unnotched Impact Strength 23c | no break |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45mpa | 120 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8mpa | 55 °C |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.2 % |
| Water Absorption Saturation | 1.5 % |
| Volume Resistivity | 1e14 ohm·cm |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12, Heat Stabilized, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg sealed polyethylene-lined paper bags. Dry, heat-stabilized nylon 12 granules; keep containers tightly closed. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20' FCL: Dry, heat-stabilized nylon 12 granules loaded in palletized sealed bags, secured for safe transport in container. |
| Shipping | Grilamid L 25 H ships as a non-hazardous, moisture-sensitive nylon resin in sealed, vapor-proof bags on pallets. Keep in dry, ventilated containers away from heat and humidity to prevent moisture pickup. Standard dry cargo transport is suitable, with no special dangerous goods declarations required. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid L 25 H in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and excessive heat to prevent degradation and water absorption. Keep away from strong oxidizers. Maintain temperatures below 50°C (122°F) and avoid prolonged storage beyond shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is approximately 2 years when stored dry, cool, and in original sealed packaging to prevent moisture absorption. |
In fuel vapor management architectures for Euro 6d and China 6b vehicles, evaporative emission limits require coextruded multilayer thermoplastic tubing in which Grilamid L 25 H forms the inner and outer structural layers. The inner layer uses the base resin at 98.0–99.0 wt%, with 1.0–2.0 wt% of a pre-dispersed natural or black process-stabilizer masterbatch added only after line trials confirm no change in burst pressure or connector crimp retention. The outer layer typically contains 97.0–98.5 wt% base resin and 1.5–3.0 wt% carbon black masterbatch for UV protection. Between the PA12 layers, an EVOH barrier layer is coextruded with maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin tie layers; the EVOH layer commonly accounts for 8–12% of total wall thickness, while the PA12 layers remain the primary chemical-resistance and low-temperature impact component. Compliance is assessed against SAE J2260 for fuel system tubing, DIN 73378 for polyamide tubing in motor vehicles, and evaporative loss limits referenced in US EPA Tier 3 and China 6 regulations.
The downstream production line uses multiple single-screw extruders with 30:1 L/D barrier screws and melt pumps to maintain layer thickness. Melt temperature for the PA12 layers is held at 230–250 °C, while closed-loop vacuum calibration maintains −0.2 bar to −0.5 bar in the sizing tanks. Granulate must be dried to ≤0.10% moisture before processing; residual moisture above this threshold produces inner-surface micro-roughness and reduces EVOH interlayer peel strength, a common cause of delamination scrap on production lines. Corrugated sections are formed after sizing by vacuum-assisted corrugators operating at 80–100 °C. Terminal finished products include fuel filler necks, ORVR vapor return tubes, tank vent lines, carbon canister purge lines, and fuel cooler transition tubes.
Heavy-duty air brake tubing made from Grilamid L 25 H is produced as a monolayer thermoplastic tube because heat-stabilized PA12 retains low-temperature flexural fatigue resistance without the plasticizer migration observed in plasticized polyamide 12 exposed to compressor oil and zinc chloride road spray. The production formulation is deliberately narrow: base resin at 97.5–98.0 wt%, carbon black masterbatch at 2.0–2.5 wt%, and no external plasticizer or impact modifier. Higher masterbatch loadings have been associated on production lines with reduced cold impact resistance and occasional connector blow-out during impulse testing. The compound is dried at 80 °C for 4–6 h in a desiccant dryer to ≤0.10% moisture, then extruded on a 45 mm or 63 mm single-screw extruder with a 30:1 L/D barrier screw. Melt temperature is maintained at 235–250 °C; vacuum calibrator pressure is held within ±0.02 bar to keep outside diameter tolerance at ±0.05 mm for 6 mm to 12 mm OD products.
Compliance testing follows SAE J844 and FMVSS 106, including burst pressure at 4× working pressure, cold bending at −40 °C, and heat aging at 100 °C for 72 h before burst verification. On-line laser diameter gages record outer diameter every 100 mm, and any deviation beyond ±0.05 mm triggers automatic cutout. The finished product scope includes tractor-trailer air brake lines, suspension leveling tubes, axle vent tubes, and pre-formed coiled assemblies with quick-connect fittings for commercial vehicle chassis.
Unbonded flexible pipe pressure sheaths in subsea hydrocarbon transfer are extruded as continuous annular layers from heat-stabilized PA12 only after qualification demonstrates resistance to reservoir fluids, methanol injection, and the byproducts of sulfate-reducing bacteria. In this application, Grilamid L 25 H is processed as the polymer feed at 100 wt% virgin compound in most qualified procedures, with no color masterbatch unless specified for a marker layer. Regrind is limited to 10 wt% or less of virgin pellet feed only where the pipe specification permits it, and a separate moisture history log is required because repeated drying can degrade the heat-stabilizer package. Extrusion is performed with a large-diameter grooved-feed single-screw extruder, typically 90–150 mm screw diameter and 33:1 L/D, using a melt pump to damp pressure pulsation. Melt temperature is controlled at 230–250 °C, and granulate moisture must be ≤0.08% before entering the hopper, verified by Karl Fischer titration or an in-line moisture analyzer.
Wall thickness of the pressure sheath ranges from 5 mm to 15 mm depending on pipe diameter and design pressure. Ultrasonic wall-thickness gages record eccentricity after the first cooling tank, and deviation beyond 10% triggers automatic rejection. Governing documents include API Spec 17J, API Spec 17B, ISO 13628-2, and the sour-service qualification protocols of NORSOK M-710. Published data for the exact H₂S partial-pressure ceiling across all produced-fluid compositions remain configuration-specific and require end-user qualification; engineering judgment should not extrapolate from air-brake or automotive tubing data. Finished product types include flexible risers, flowlines, jumpers, and water injection lines.
For compressed-air distribution and robotic dress packs, Grilamid L 25 H is extruded into small-diameter tubing where dimensional accuracy and low moisture regain determine connector leak-tightness. The addition ratio is set by the required electrical surface resistance and UV stability: natural or colored pneumatic tube uses a color masterbatch at 1.5–3.0 wt%, while conductive or antistatic tube for ATEX zones uses a conductive carbon black compound at 3.0–5.0 wt% in the base resin, with base resin remaining at 95.0–97.0 wt%. Production records from extrusion lines show that conductive black loadings above 5.0 wt% can reduce elongation at break below the value required for tight-bend spiral coils, so the masterbatch addition is checked against tensile results before release. Extrusion lines are typically single-screw with 24:1 to 30:1 L/D, using a vacuum sizing tank and internal air pressure controller to hold outside diameter within ±0.05 mm for tubes from 4 mm to 12 mm.
Melt temperature is maintained at 220–240 °C; pre-drying at 80 °C to ≤0.10% moisture is mandatory because residual moisture in PA12 causes die-head foam and surface roughness that reduces push-in fitting retention. The recognized system-level standards are ISO 4414:2010 for pneumatic fluid power safety and ISO 14743:2004 for push-in fitting compatibility; cleanroom installations additionally audit the tube against particulate emission limits derived from ISO 14644-1. Operational limits include incompatibility with phosphate ester hydraulic fluids and continuous ozone exposure above 0.02 ppm. Finished product types include straight pneumatic tubing, self-coiling spiral hoses, robotic end-of-arm air lines, and color-coded logic circuits in packaging machines.
Cable jacketing for chassis-mounted wheel-speed sensors, engine-compartment harnesses, and transmission control cables uses heat-stabilized PA12 when the jacket must survive continuous contact with hot transmission fluid, road salt, and occasional stone impingement. The extrusion-grade formulation is based on Grilamid L 25 H as the base polymer at 96.0–98.0 wt%, with 2.0–4.0 wt% carbon black masterbatch for UV stabilization and a non-migrating processing package. The dry-as-supplied pellet specification avoids the need for additional impact modification, but the processor must still dry the material to ≤0.10% moisture at 80 °C before the extruder. Jacketing is applied in a pressure extrusion crosshead on a 45 mm single-screw extruder with 25:1 L/D and a low-compression screw; melt temperature is set between 220 °C and 245 °C, and the water trough is maintained at 40–60 °C to reduce stress cracking around connector seals. In-line spark testing at 2.5–5.0 kV detects pinholes in the thin-wall sheath, with typical wall thickness of 0.20–0.40 mm.
Compliance is performed to ISO 6722-1:2011 for automotive cable dimensions and testing, with additional OEM-level requirements such as LV 112 applied only if the purchaser supplies the particular edition. The material is not recommended for continuous immersion in glycol-based brake fluid if jacket temperature exceeds 120 °C, because plasticizer migration from adjacent cable fillers can be confused with polymer degradation during failure analysis. Finished product types include wheel-speed sensor cables, transmission harness jackets, chassis sensor leads, and protective sheathing for electric power steering cable bundles.
Replacement of fluoropolymers by heat-stabilized PA12 is technically valid only when the continuous-use temperature remains below the PA12 ceiling and the chemical environment is limited to petroleum diesel, biodiesel blends up to the OEM-approved percentage, urea solution at automotive concentration, and exterior road salt. In these lines, Grilamid L 25 H is processed as the base resin at 100 wt% of the polymer feed; no diluent, plasticizer, or viscosity modifier is added because the heat-stabilizer package is already incorporated. For black diesel vent lines, carbon black masterbatch may be added at 2.0–2.5 wt%, reducing base resin to 97.5–98.0 wt%. The downstream process is single-layer or coextruded small-bore tubing extrusion with a vacuum-calibrated die, melt temperature 230–245 °C, and pre-drying at 80 °C to ≤0.10% moisture. Diameter tolerances for quick-connector compatibility are maintained at ±0.05 mm on 8 mm and 10 mm OD product, with post-extrusion annealing at 80–100 °C for 1–2 h applied when tight coiling is specified.
Standards and regulations include ISO 22241-2 for diesel exhaust fluid system components, SAE J2260 for fuel system tubing performance, and the material restrictions of EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. Finished product types include AdBlue supply and return lines, diesel vapor vent tubes, fuel cooler transition lines, and SCR dosing module feed lines. Published data for long-term exposure to some biodiesel oxidation products is limited; qualification must be updated when fuel oxidation stability tests show peroxide values above the OEM limit.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12, Heat Stabilized, Dry is an unfilled heat-stabilized polyamide 12 grade supplied for injection molding and extrusion. The H suffix indicates the presence of a heat stabilizer package; the Dry designation identifies property values obtained after specimens are dried to a moisture content below 0.1 % and tested immediately. Dry does not mean the resin is moisture-insensitive in service. The base polymer is nylon 12, a semicrystalline aliphatic polyamide produced from laurolactam, with a density of 1.01 g/cm³ measured according to ISO 1183-1:2019 and a melt volume-flow rate of 20 cm³/10 min at 275 °C/5.0 kg according to ISO 1133-1:2022. Unfilled PA12 absorbs 0.7 % water at 24 h/23 °C under ISO 62, which is lower than typical unfilled PA6 or PA66 uptake. This characteristic makes the grade relevant for snap-fit connectors, cable clips, pneumatic and hydraulic connectors, electrical wire sheathing, and fluid-contact housings where humidity-driven expansion, stress relaxation, or dimensional drift is a design constraint. The material is supplied in sealed, moisture-protective packaging; dry-as-molded data must not be applied to conditioned parts without moisture correction.
Base rheology and short-term tensile behavior are close to non-stabilized Grilamid L 25. The heat stabilizer package is intended to delay thermo-oxidative embrittlement during continuous exposure to elevated air temperatures, typically in the 120–150 °C band. It does not raise the melting point. Published comparative aging data for this specific configuration is limited to supplier documentation; validation under ISO 188 at the part wall thickness and airflow rate is required before establishing a continuous-use temperature. The stabilization package also does not provide complete UV weathering resistance unless carbon black or another UV stabilization system is present. Compared with glass-filled PA12 grades, L 25 H has lower tensile modulus and higher elongation, making it less suitable for high-load structural brackets but more suitable for snap-fit geometries that require recoverable strain. Compared with plasticized PA12 grades, it has higher stiffness and lower low-temperature impact. Compared with PA11, both are low-water-uptake aliphatic polyamides, but the specific viscosity, lubricant package, and stabilizer chemistry can differ. The heat stabilizer package is proprietary; PA12 heat stabilization traditionally employs hindered phenol/phosphite chemistry or copper salt/halide synergy to interrupt free-radical oxidation and hydroperoxide decomposition. Stabilizer efficiency depends on part thickness, airflow, and maximum temperature. Thin sections require more conservative temperature limits because oxygen diffusion to the core is faster.
Representative datasheet values for dry-as-molded specimens are listed below. These are typical values, not specification limits, and can shift with pigmentation or lot-to-lot viscosity variation.
| Property | Value, dry-as-molded | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1:2019 |
| Melt volume-flow rate | 20 cm³/10 min at 275 °C/5.0 kg | ISO 1133-1:2022 |
| Tensile modulus | 1100 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Tensile stress at yield | 35 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Nominal strain at break | >50 % | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Charpy notched impact, 23 °C | 6 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Charpy notched impact, -30 °C | 5 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Melting temperature, DSC | 178 °C | ISO 11357-3 |
| Heat deflection temperature, 0.45 MPa | 130 °C | ISO 75-2/B |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.8 MPa | 45 °C | ISO 75-2/A |
| Vicat softening temperature, B50 | 145 °C | ISO 306/B50 |
| Water absorption, 24 h, 23 °C | 0.7 % | ISO 62 |
| Water absorption, saturation | 1.5 % | ISO 62 |
| Mold shrinkage, parallel | 0.3 % | supplier data |
| Mold shrinkage, perpendicular | 0.7 % | supplier data |
The tensile modulus of 1100 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2 is characteristic of unfilled PA12 and is lower than that of unfilled PA6 and PA66. The notched Charpy impact of 6 kJ/m² at 23 °C and 5 kJ/m² at -30 °C shows useful low-temperature toughness in thin sections, but notch sensitivity increases in thick sections and at high loading rates. Heat deflection temperature under 0.45 MPa is 130 °C; under 1.8 MPa it is 45 °C. These values are not continuous-use temperatures. The low HDT/A reflects the relatively low glass-transition temperature of PA12. Continuous-use decisions should be based on oxidative aging data, not short-term HDT. After conditioning to equilibrium moisture content, the tensile modulus commonly falls by 10–20 %, while notched Charpy impact increases. Designers using dry data for snap-fit calculations without moisture correction therefore introduce non-conservative error in stiffness-dependent features. Dimensional growth due to water absorption is lower than PA6/PA66 but is not zero; tight-tolerance bores and snap-fit gaps should be sized with the 0.7 % 24-h uptake and the full saturation uptake of approximately 1.5 % in mind.
On injection molding machines with 20–25 L/D general-purpose screws, the recommended melt temperature range is 230–270 °C. Below 230 °C, melt viscosity rises and thin-wall sections below 0.8 mm may short shot, especially with long flow paths. Above 270 °C, degradation accelerates; residence time should not exceed 10 min at the upper limit. Production failure modes observed on uncontrolled hot-runner systems include surface splay, brownish discoloration, and loss of tensile impact due to molecular weight reduction. Mold temperature should be held between 40 °C and 80 °C. At 40 °C, post-mold crystallization is incomplete; parts exhibit anisotropic shrinkage and warp. A mold temperature closer to 60 °C is typical for dimensionally stable unfilled PA12.
Before processing, the material should be dried at 80 °C for 4–8 h in dehumidified air with a dew point of -20 °C or lower. Residual moisture should be below 0.1 %. Nylon 12 reabsorbs surface moisture within hours at 60 % RH; unprotected hopper residence should be limited accordingly. In extrusion, a single-screw extruder with 20–25 L/D and compression ratio 2.0–2.5 is used; melt-pressure instability and surface roughness indicate inadequate drying or feed-blocking.
| Processing parameter | Recommended condition |
|---|---|
| Predrying | 80 °C, 4–8 h, dew point -20 °C, residual moisture <0.1 % |
| Melt temperature | 230–270 °C |
| Mold temperature | 40–80 °C |
| Screw L/D | 20–25, general-purpose |
| Compression ratio | 2.0–2.5 |
| Maximum residence time at 270 °C | <10 min |
The stated ranges are starting conditions for injection molding and extrusion, not universal processing guarantees. Intrinsic viscosity and residual moisture vary between lots; melt-pressure monitoring and pre-drying are used to compensate for batch-to-batch variance. The heat stabilizer package does not prevent hydrolysis caused by wet processing.
Unfilled PA12 absorbs 0.7 % water at 24 h and approximately 1.5 % at saturation under ISO 62, whereas unreinforced PA6 can absorb roughly 2.5 % in the same 24-h period and more at saturation. This difference produces less dimensional expansion, less modulus loss, and better retention of snap-fit interference in humid service. The density of 1.01 g/cm³ also yields parts approximately 10–12 % lighter than PA6 or PA66 parts of identical volume. The melting point of 178 °C under ISO 11357-3 is lower than that of PA6 at approximately 220 °C and PA66 at approximately 260 °C, so continuous exposure above 150 °C should be avoided unless supplemental validation shows acceptable property retention. Compared with PA6 and PA66, unfilled PA12 has lower modulus and lower creep resistance at elevated temperature, so glass-filled or semi-aromatic polyamides are preferred for load-bearing under-hood components.
The grade is not suitable for continuous exposure to strong mineral acids, strong oxidizing agents, or polar solvents at elevated temperature. Stress cracking resistance in aggressive media must be tested with the specific fluid because the heat stabilizer package does not change the base PA12 solubility profile. Typical applications cited in supplier literature include pneumatic and hydraulic connectors, cable ties, electrical wire sheathing, and snap-fit assemblies. In each case, the exact service medium, temperature profile, and wall thickness should be used for validation because the unfilled heat-stabilized PA12 does not provide flame retardance or UV stabilization by default. Regulatory documentation should be obtained for the specific lot. REACH SVHC status should be confirmed under Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, RoHS under Directive 2011/65/EU, and food-contact suitability under FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 or EU 10/2011 for the selected colorant and additive package.
