| HS Code | 966425 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Modulus Conditioned | 1000 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield Conditioned | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break Conditioned | 200% |
| Charpy Impact Strength 23 C Conditioned | No Break |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 80 Mpa | 50 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 140 °C |
| Water Absorption At Saturation | 1.6% |
| Moisture Absorption 23 C 50 Rh | 0.8% |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12, Heat Stabilized, Conditioned factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg sealed polyethylene-lined paper bags, with product identification, lot number, and handling precautions. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: 20-foot full container load of Grilamid L 25 H nylon 12, heat stabilized, conditioned, packed securely in sealed containers. |
| Shipping | Shipping: Supplied as conditioned nylon 12 pellets in sealed moisture-barrier bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped. Protect from humidity, excessive heat, and direct sunlight during transit and storage. Use standard dry containers or covered trucks. No hazardous goods classification; handle gently to avoid bag damage and keep away from ignition sources. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid L 25 H in its original, sealed container in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and excessive humidity. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent moisture absorption. Proper storage preserves its conditioned state, mechanical properties, and heat-stabilized performance, ensuring consistent processing and end-use quality. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored in original, sealed containers in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. |
In multi-layer automotive fuel vapor return and evaporative emission lines, EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12 is processed as the hydrocarbon barrier layer in coextruded constructions where continuous service temperatures reach 125 °C in engine-compartment routing. A typical 5-layer fuel filler vent tube coextrudes an inner Grilamid L 25 H layer of 0.15–0.30 mm with adhesive tie layers, an EVOH layer where lower permeation is required, and an HDPE outer cover; the polyamide 12 layer is charged at 100 wt% virgin resin with a carbon-black masterbatch at 2.0–2.5 wt% only in UV-exposed outer constructions. Plasticizer dilution is maintained below 0.5 wt% because addition beyond this boundary increases fuel permeation under SAE J2260 and reduces burst pressure after heat ageing. The tube is extrusion-formed on a coextrusion line with each extruder using L/D ratios of 24:1 to 30:1 and a melt temperature bandwidth of 230–260 °C; line speed is normally 20–60 m/min for outside diameters of 6–12 mm. Vacuum sizing calibration is maintained at 60–80 °C with a pressure differential of 0.3–0.6 bar; the tube then passes through a 130 °C forced-air annealing chamber for 4 h to collapse residual free volume and bring 60 °C hydrocarbon permeation into the SAE J2260 acceptance band. Finished product types include fuel filler neck vapor return tubes, evaporative canister purge lines, fuel tank vent lines for passenger cars, and diesel fuel return lines in heavy-duty truck chassis. Validation is carried out under SAE J2260 and DIN 73378 for nonmetallic fuel tubing, with additional evaporative hydrocarbon testing under CARB LEV III and US EPA 40 CFR Part 86 leak limits. When routed adjacent to exhaust aftertreatment, the heat-stabilized grade retains burst pressure above OEM specified thresholds provided the tube surface temperature is kept below 140 °C continuous and 160 °C peak for no more than 1,000 hours.
Heavy-duty truck air brake tubing is extrusion-formed from 100 wt% virgin EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12 without post-polymerization plasticizer let-down, because plasticizer migration to the tube surface reduces the coefficient of friction at push-to-connect fittings and causes torque relaxation after thermal cycling. Internal start-up trim can be reintroduced at 10 wt% maximum, provided it is dried for 4 h at 80 °C to a residual moisture content below 0.20%, measured by Karl Fischer titration according to ISO 15512. The tubing is produced on a single-screw extruder with bimetallic barrel and L/D ratio of 24:1 to 30:1, a compression ratio of 2.5:1 to 3.0:1, and a screen pack of 60/80/120 mesh. Barrel zones are set from 210–250 °C with a melt temperature measured at the die of 225–245 °C; die land length is set to 8–12 mm for outside diameters of 4–16 mm. Vacuum calibration and cold-water immersion at 15–25 °C are followed by a post-extrusion annealing step at 120 °C for 2 h to stabilize crystalline morphology and prevent coil set. Finished product types include 1/4-inch, 3/8-inch, and 1/2-inch SAE J844 Type A and Type B coiled tubes used in tractor-trailer brake lines, suspension air lines, and auxiliary pneumatic circuits. Compliance is verified under SAE J844 and FMVSS 106, including hydrostatic burst, low-temperature impact at -40 °C, and 125 °C ageing followed by burst pressure retention. The primary production failure mode is surface melt fracture when the die temperature exceeds 250 °C; reducing screw speed below 45 rpm or increasing die land temperature to 235 °C restores smooth extrudate.
For robot dresspack and industrial pneumatic control lines, the conditioned PA12 is selected because the compound remains flexible at low equilibrium moisture uptake and avoids the spiral fracture failures observed when rigid PA6 tubing is bent repeatedly across a seven-axis welding cell. The tubing is blended at 100 wt% virgin Grilamid L 25 H with 2.0–3.0 wt% dry-spherical carbon black masterbatch for UV and static-dissipative performance where required; no mineral filler is used because filler addition above 5 wt% lowers elongation at break below the 200% threshold required for push-in pneumatic connectors. Extrusion on a 25:1 L/D single-screw extruder with a temperature profile of 220–260 °C and a die head pressure of 80–120 bar yields outside diameters from 4 mm to 12 mm and wall thicknesses of 0.5–1.5 mm. For downstream robotic integration, the tube is cut on blade cutters to lengths of 1–10 m, chamfered, and inserted into push-in fittings; pull-out force is validated on a tensile tester using a jaw separation speed of 50 mm/min according to ISO 14743:2004. Finished product types include polyamide 12 pneumatic control bundles for welding robots, cleanroom compressed air lines, and automated assembly cell air distribution harnesses. The relevant compliance matrix includes ISO 14743:2004 and REACH SVHC exclusion for the as-supplied stabilizer package; low-smoke or flame-retardant variants are outside the standard certification for this grade unless separately compounded.
Fibre-optic buffer tube lines processing Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12 start from 100 wt% virgin compound with a masterbatch addition of 2.0–2.5 wt% carbon black or 1.5–2.0 wt% specialty colour concentrate, both selected to maintain post-extrusion shrinkage below 0.5% during 24 h conditioning at 23 °C. The extrusion line is configured with a low-compression barrier screw of 24:1 L/D, a melt pump, and a dry-draw cooling trough divided into 40 °C, 55 °C, and 65 °C zones; fibre tension is controlled between 2 N and 5 N per tube to preserve excess fibre length. The hot melt is discharged from a single-layer crosshead die at 230–250 °C, and line speed is adjusted to produce buffer tube outside diameters from 1.8 mm to 3.0 mm with an OD tolerance of ±0.05 mm. The heat-stabilized grade is selected for aerial and underground distribution cables where cumulative sheath temperature reaches 85 °C under solar loading; continuous conductor temperature above 100 °C is not recommended unless the cable design is revalidated under IEC 60794-1-2 thermal cycling. Finished products include loose-tube fibre-optic buffer tubes, microduct inner tubes with internal diameters of 4–8 mm for blown fibre, and small-bore optical fibre unit tubes used in premises distribution. Mechanical acceptance is anchored to IEC 60794-1-1 tensile and crush tests, with low-temperature bend testing at -20 °C or -40 °C depending on outdoor classification; the material does not carry a UL 94 V-0 rating without separate flame-retardant modification.
Thermoplastic hydraulic hose cores based on Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12 are extruded as thin-walled inner tubes for medium-pressure hoses at 100 wt% virgin compound and without addition of internal release agents. Post-industrial scrap is excluded from core-layer feed because minor gel contamination from degraded nylon 12 can initiate pinhole defects that are not detected until the braided hose is pressure-tested at 2× rated working pressure. The core tube is extruded on a 25:1 L/D single-screw extruder at a melt temperature of 235–255 °C with a vacuum calibration mandrel or internal gas assist at 0.03–0.08 bar to maintain wall concentricity of ±0.05 mm for tube outside diameters from 4 mm to 25 mm. After cooling to 40 °C, the core is passed through a multi-carrier braiding deck using high-tenacity aramid or polyester yarn at 24–48 ends, then jacketed with a flame-resistant polyurethane or black PA12 cover compound at a thickness of 0.8–1.2 mm. Finished product types include SAE 100R7 thermoplastic hydraulic lines for agricultural machinery, construction equipment pilot-control circuits, and marine steering systems, as well as industrial lubrication oil return hoses. The hose is validated under ISO 3949 and SAE J517 with impulse testing at 133% of rated working pressure, 1,000,000 cycles at 100 °C, and minimum bend radius testing at -40 °C. Phosphate ester and chlorinated solvent compatibility are outside the qualified service range for this grade unless supported by a separate immersion study under ASTM D543.
Offshore flexible pipe pressure sheaths made from PA12 are melt-extruded over an interlocked steel carcass or internal polymeric layer as the primary hydrocarbon containment barrier for dynamic risers and flowlines. In this application, Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12 is normally charged at 100 wt% virgin material with no regrind, because trapped volatiles from reprocessed scrap can form blisters during decompression after high-pressure gas service. Depending on project specification, 2.0–3.0 wt% carbon black masterbatch is added for long-term UV exposure in storage conditions, but no additional plasticizer is used because the wall must retain collapse resistance after damage. Extrusion of the sheath uses a large screw with L/D 30:1 to 36:1, a melt temperature of 220–250 °C, and a crosshead die sized for sheath wall thicknesses from 4 mm to 12 mm. The extruded length is cooled gradually to 40 °C before spooling to minimize ovality and residual stress, after which helical armour wire, fabric tape, and an outer sheath are applied in subsequent continuous manufacturing stations. Finished product types include unbonded flexible riser pressure sheaths, subsea flowline inner barriers, and dynamic jumper lines for offshore oil and gas production. Design qualification is conducted under API 17J, API 17K, ISO 13628-2, and ISO 13628-11 where applicable; however, published data for this specific EMS-Grivory grade in sour service conditions with dissolved H2S and high-pressure gas decompression is limited, so each project must carry out its own high-pressure gas permeation and decompression testing before production release.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 25 H Nylon 12, Heat Stabilized, Conditioned is an unfilled polyamide 12 grade in which the suffix “H” identifies the heat-stabilizer package and the conditioned qualifier indicates that mechanical properties are reported after equilibration at 23 °C and 50 % RH in accordance with ISO 291. The polyamide 12 repeat unit has a longer aliphatic segment than PA6 or PA66, reducing the amide-group concentration and therefore lowering equilibrium moisture uptake. Published typical density by ISO 1183-1 is 1.01 g/cm³, below the 1.13–1.15 g/cm³ range commonly reported for unfilled PA6 and PA66. The grade is therefore used in injection-molded and extruded components where moisture-induced dimensional change must be controlled without moving to a filled compound.
Conditioned values obtained under ISO 291 reflect the plasticizing effect of absorbed water. Water molecules disrupt interchain hydrogen bonds in the amorphous regions, lowering tensile modulus and yield stress while increasing elongation at yield and notched impact. In Grilamid L 25 H, dry-as-molded tensile modulus measured by ISO 527-1/-2 is typically 1500 MPa; after conditioning it falls to approximately 1100 MPa. Yield stress declines from roughly 40 MPa dry to 35 MPa conditioned. Charpy notched impact strength tested according to ISO 179-1/1eA increases from approximately 5 kJ/m² dry to 10 kJ/m² conditioned. These shifts are smaller than the corresponding PA6 shift, where tensile modulus can decrease by more than 40 % when equilibrium moisture content reaches 2.5–3.0 wt %.
Moisture uptake for PA12 at 23 °C and 50 % RH is approximately 0.7 wt %, and water saturation by ISO 62 is near 1.4 wt %. Under the same standard atmosphere, unfilled PA6 typically reaches 2.5–3.0 wt % equilibrium moisture, and PA66 reaches 2.0–2.5 wt %. The lower equilibrium moisture content of PA12 reduces the magnitude of the dry-to-conditioned property shift. For a PA6 snap arm that loses roughly 40 % of its dry flexural modulus after saturation, a PA12 alternate may lose approximately 25 %; the exact value depends on part thickness, flow orientation, and local crystallinity. The time to reach equilibrium moisture in a 2 mm injection-molded specimen at 23 °C and 50 % RH is typically several months; accelerated conditioning per ISO 1110 can achieve equivalent moisture uptake in days. Dimensional checks immediately after ejection therefore do not reflect conditioned service dimensions.
The “H” suffix denotes a heat-stabilizer system that retards thermo-oxidative chain scission during long-term exposure to elevated temperature. It does not alter the crystalline melting point. Differential scanning calorimetry by ISO 11357-3 places the peak melting temperature at approximately 178 °C. Heat deflection temperature by ISO 75-1/-2 remains near 50–55 °C at 1.8 MPa and approximately 145–150 °C at 0.45 MPa. The stabilizer may produce a slight initial color shift and can influence regrind stability, but it does not change density or equilibrium moisture uptake. For continuous load-bearing applications, the operative service ceiling is a time–temperature limit controlled by antioxidant consumption, not the melt point. Published long-term thermal endurance data for this specific configuration is limited; a Relative Thermal Index or equivalent UL 746B rating should be requested from EMS-Grivory for electrical or structural parts.
Drying is required before melt processing when sealed-bag moisture exceeds 0.10 wt %. A desiccant dryer with a dew point of −30 °C or lower is operated at 80 °C for 4–8 h. Residual moisture above 0.10 wt % can hydrolyze the polymer at melt temperatures near 250 °C, producing surface splay, loss of molecular weight, and reduced notched impact. For injection molding, the melt temperature window is 230–260 °C, with 250 °C measured at the nozzle preferred for thin-wall snap-fit parts. Mold temperature should be held between 40 °C and 80 °C. At 80 °C, slower cooling increases crystallinity and improves post-mold dimensional precision, but cycle time rises. A general-purpose screw with a compression ratio of 2.0:1–2.5:1 and a non-return valve is suitable. Back pressure of 0.5–1.5 MPa may improve melt homogeneity without excessive shear. Hold pressure must be set to gate freeze; a starting range of 30–50 MPa is applied for uncomplicated flow paths, but gate geometry and wall thickness require confirmation. Process validation should include melt residence trials from 2 min to 10 min and melt viscosity measurement by ISO 1133-1 at 275 °C and 5.0 kg to confirm stabilizer retention.
Replacing PA66 with PA12 is technically justified when the design stress is below the dry-modulus advantage of PA66 and the component is exposed to moisture, condensation, or zinc chloride. Unfilled PA66 has a dry tensile modulus near 3000 MPa, roughly twice the 1500 MPa dry modulus of L 25 H. After moisture uptake, the PA66 modulus may fall below 1800 MPa, while PA12 falls to about 1100 MPa. If the fastening element is a snap arm, lower PA12 modulus may require increased section thickness or a shorter arm. The substitution is effective when dimensional change and stress-crack resistance govern the application rather than absolute dry stiffness. A comparative design should be validated by tensile creep testing under ISO 899-1 at the maximum service temperature and humidity, not by short-term modulus alone.
Because PA12 has lower amide density, it absorbs less water and is less prone to hydrolysis in hot water and humid air than PA6 or PA66. This does not confer universal chemical resistance. Strong mineral acids, phenols, and oxidizing media can degrade PA12. Contact with polar fuel constituents, including ethanol and biodiesel blends, can plasticize the polymer and increase volume swell. For fuel-contact components, the performance envelope must be tested under the expected fuel composition. Permeation-resistant multilayer systems are frequently specified rather than relying on unfilled PA12 alone. When permeation is measured, test methods such as SAE J2260 or equivalent should be used. Published data for this specific grade in aggressive fuel blends is limited; component-level validation remains mandatory.
Grilamid L 25 H provides useful resistance to hydrocarbons, oils, greases, and salt spray. Stress-crack resistance in zinc chloride solution is a recognized PA12 advantage over PA6 and PA66, but it is not a universal barrier property. Continuous immersion in hot water above 60 °C can induce hydrolysis over time; the heat stabilizer does not remove hydrolytic degradation. Applications involving strong alkaline or acidic aqueous media should be screened by immersion testing under ISO 175, with tensile retention measured by ISO 527-1/-2. The presence of the H stabilizer may improve surface appearance after heat aging, but it does not eliminate the need for chemical compatibility testing.
For injection-molded parts, mold shrinkage by ISO 294-4 is typically 0.8–1.2 % in the flow direction and 0.9–1.3 % transverse, depending on wall thickness and mold temperature. Post-mold shrinkage can occur as the part crystallizes and moisture equilibrates. Where precise dimensions are required, parts should be measured after conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH, not immediately after ejection. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion by ISO 11359-1/-2 is approximately 11–12 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹; this is higher than many metals and must be included in press-fit or snap-fit tolerance analysis.
In thin-wall connectors with wall stock below 1.2 mm, flow length is controlled less by nominal melt temperature than by temperature at the melt front. With a mold temperature of 40 °C, the freezing rate of PA12 can prematurely arrest flow and produce short shots or high pressure loss. Raising the mold temperature to 80 °C extends the fluid channel and reduces injection pressure. Trials on a 2 mm spiral flow tool at 250 °C melt temperature typically show a steeper pressure–flow response than PA6 at equivalent melt index; this is a consequence of PA12’s higher viscosity at equivalent shear rates. Gate diameter should be sized at 50–70 % of the wall thickness, and cold runners should use full-round or trapezoidal cross-sections to avoid high shear. Weld-line strength in unfilled PA12 can retain 40–60 % of nominal tensile strength when the mold is at 80 °C; at 40 °C, weld-line retention can fall to 30–40 %. This behavior is measured using a double-gated tensile bar per ISO 527-1/-2.
For extruded pneumatic tubing or cable sheathing, a single-screw extruder with 24:1–30:1 L/D and a three-zone screw having a compression ratio of 2.5:1–3.0:1 is commonly used. Melt temperature at the die is typically 220–250 °C. Because PA12 has a relatively sharp melting point near 178 °C, temperature uniformity across the die lip is critical to control wall thickness. A breaker plate with 40/60/80 mesh screens stabilizes die pressure and filters contaminants. Vacuum venting at −0.08 MPa may be used when regrind or outdoor-stored granules are processed; non-vented machines require strict drying. The heat-stabilized grade tolerates start-up residence of 5–10 min at 230 °C, but prolonged idle periods require barrel temperatures to be reduced or the material purged.
Within the EMS PA12 L-series, the numerical designation identifies viscosity; lower numbers are easier flowing for thin walls, higher numbers are more suited to extrusion. Grilamid L 25 H is positioned as a medium-viscosity grade. Compared with an unmodified L 25, the H version has a different additive package that may change initial color and slightly alter melt pressure; it is selected when the part is exposed to warm air or when multiple heat histories are expected. Compared with plasticized PA12 grades, L 25 H has higher stiffness and lower elongation because no external plasticizer is used. The difference is detectable in Shore hardness measured by ISO 868, where L 25 H typically remains near 75 D dry and 70 D conditioned, while plasticized PA12 grades can be 10–15 points lower.
PA12 is often specified for low-temperature impact. The Charpy notched impact value of L 25 H conditioned at room temperature by ISO 179-1/1eA is approximately 10 kJ/m². At −30 °C, PA12 typically retains a higher fraction of its room-temperature impact than PA6 or PA66 because the backbone remains ductile below the test temperature. The glass transition temperature of PA12 measured by ISO 11357-2 is near 40–60 °C, but the amorphous phase can remain ductile at low temperature due to low water content and flexible aliphatic segments. For impact-critical fasteners, low-temperature response is more relevant than dry-room-temperature impact. Notch sensitivity is orientation-dependent.
| Property | Test method | Dry as molded | Conditioned per ISO 291 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01 g/cm³ | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-1/-2 | 1500 MPa | 1100 MPa |
| Yield stress | ISO 527-1/-2 | 40 MPa | 35 MPa |
| Yield strain | ISO 527-1/-2 | 5 % | 15 % |
| Charpy notched impact | ISO 179-1/1eA | 5 kJ/m² | 10 kJ/m² |
| Melting temperature | ISO 11357-3 | 178 °C | 178 °C |
| HDT at 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 50 °C | 50 °C |
| HDT at 0.45 MPa | ISO 75-1/-2 | 145 °C | 145 °C |
Regulatory compliance is not an intrinsic property of the base resin and must be confirmed for the finished article. RoHS screening is normally performed by supplier certification using IEC 62321 methods. REACH SVHC status should be verified against the current safety data sheet and the EMS-Grivory declarable substance list. For potable water or food-contact applications, no general approval applies; separate compliance under EU 10/2011 or FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 may be available for specific formulations and must be requested for the exact final product. The grade is used in pneumatic tubing, snap-fit fasteners, cable ties, clamps, and lightweight housings, but application-specific validation under the relevant end-use standard remains required.
