| HS Code | 135885 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.25% |
| Tensile Modulus | 1500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 60 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 50% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1300 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Notched | 4 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Unnotched | No break |
| Melting Temperature | 178 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 50 °C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 145 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 40 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM Nylon 12, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM Nylon 12, Dry is supplied in sealed 25 kg moisture-protective polyethylene-lined bags for safe handling. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load 20′ FCL with dry Grilamid L 20 GM nylon 12 granules in sealed, palletized bags; secure cargo and protect from moisture. |
| Shipping | Grilamid L 20 GM is a dry nylon 12 resin supplied as moisture-resistant, sealed granules. It ships via standard freight in sturdy, non-hazardous packaging, protected from humidity and contamination. Keep containers sealed and store in a cool, dry area to prevent moisture absorption before processing. |
| Storage | Store EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM Nylon 12 (Dry) in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Protect from moisture and humidity, as the material absorbs water, which affects properties. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers. Proper storage ensures stability and optimal processing performance. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is indefinite when stored dry, cool, and in original sealed packaging, protected from moisture and UV light. |
In Euro 6 and China 6b evaporative emission plumbing, the quick-connector bodies that join vapour recirculation lines to the carbon canister are moulded from EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM Nylon 12 in the dry state. The grade is processed without additional filler modification because the 20 wt% glass-fibre reinforcement has already been dispersed into the PA12 matrix during compounding. Compliance for this downstream track is anchored to SAE J2044 for quick-connector dimensional and functional validation, REACH Annex XVII for restricted substances, and China 6 evaporative leak thresholds verified by tank integrity test equipment. Dry handling is critical: once the foil liner is opened, exposure to ambient air above 40% RH for more than 30 min can raise pellet surface moisture to a point where splay appears in hot-runner gates. The recommended pre-drying condition is 80°C for 4 h in a desiccant dryer with a dew point below -30°C. Melt temperature is controlled between 235°C and 245°C, with the rear zone held at 220°C and the nozzle at 235°C. Mould temperature is maintained at 60°C to 80°C to balance crystallinity with ejection stability. A 6-cavity hot-runner tool with valve-gate sequencing is typically run at a clamp force of 100 t to 140 t. Glass-fibre orientation in the gate region creates anisotropic shrinkage; holding pressure of 600 bar to 800 bar applied for 8 s to 12 s reduces sink marks around the retainer windows. End products include vapour-line quick-connector bodies, retainer clips and canister port adapters. The 20 wt% glass content raises the dry tensile modulus above unreinforced PA12, which is necessary for retaining barbs that sustain assembly loads and repeated service disconnection without creep loss. Published data for long-term fuel permeation of this exact glass-filled configuration is limited; data for unfilled PA12 from ISO 19013-1 fuel hose testing is often used as a conservative baseline for permeation budgeting.
Pneumatic push-to-connect fittings in compressed-air distribution systems are injection-moulded from Grilamid L 20 GM because the dry PA12 matrix provides a low equilibrium water uptake that reduces thread relaxation in humid compressor rooms. The glass-fibre content is retained at 20 wt% to resist hoop stress from the tubing retention collet and the internal O-ring compression. Process settings differ from the automotive connector track: melt temperature is set slightly higher at 240°C to 250°C because the parting-line thread cores for BSPT or BSPP forms generate higher shear heating. Mould temperature is held between 50°C and 70°C to avoid sink on external hexagonal flats. Unscrewing cores and hydraulic collapsible cores are used for internal threads; the unscrewing action with PA12-GF20 demands a mould surface roughness below 0.4 µm to prevent drag marks. Predrying follows the same 80°C and 4 h cycle if opened storage exceeds 30 min at 50% RH. Compliance for the final fitting is defined by ISO 14743 for push-in connectors and ISO 8573-1 for compressed air purity. Burst testing at 24 bar and 10°C to 60°C air temperature is used to verify a 4:1 safety factor against a 6 bar nominal working pressure. Continuous exposure to compressor oil with additive packages must be validated by immersion testing because PA12 can show environmental stress cracking under specific oil chemistries. If annealing is required, 120°C for 2 h in nitrogen is specified prior to assembly. Injection pressure is limited to 1,000 bar because higher pressure at the gate can highlight glass-fibre orientation lines on the sealing surface. End products include push-to-connect tee bodies, swivel elbows and threaded stud fittings. Published data for cyclic pressure endurance of this exact grade is limited; pneumatic OEMs typically validate proprietary fitting geometries by ISO 14743 dynamic tests with 8 mm to 12 mm PA12 tubing.
Directly after granulate drying, a low-voltage switchgear component such as a terminal-block frame is moulded from EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM with a residual moisture target below 0.10%. The glass-fibre reinforcement level of 20 wt% is not adjusted on the shop floor; dilution or addition of regrind above 20% is avoided because it reduces impact resistance and disturbs the comparative tracking index. Compliance for this segment is based on IEC 60664-1 for insulation coordination and IEC 60947-4-1 for motor starters. The dry PA12 matrix offers low moisture absorption after moulding; dimensional change after 24 h immersion at 23°C is small enough to maintain creepage and clearance distances in a 1 kV motor-starter enclosure. Moulding conditions differ from pneumatic fittings: the melt temperature is kept at 225°C to 235°C to minimise yellowing during long thin-wall filling, while the mould temperature is set to 70°C to 80°C for better surface gloss and weld-line strength. Screw back pressure is limited to 50 bar to 80 bar to avoid glass-fibre breakage in a 25:1 L/D three-zone screw. The end products include terminal-block frames, insulating barriers and cam discs. A 4-cavity cold-runner tool with tunnel gates is run at 80 t clamp force. The 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm wall sections fill at an injection speed of 60 mm/s to 100 mm/s. The resulting CTI of unfilled PA12 is routinely above 600 V under IEC 60112, but glass-fibre-filled PA12 grades can fall below that value; for this exact grade no public CTI certificate is available, so printed-circuit terminal bodies are tested per production lot. A UL 94 HB rating at 1.5 mm is typical for unreinforced PA12; glass-filled variants without flame retardants should not be specified for live parts above 30°C ambient unless the end-product standard allows HB.
Cold-water pump wear plates and filter-housing inserts are moulded from EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM in the dry state for pumps circulating demineralised water at temperatures not exceeding 40°C. The application requires a 20 wt% glass-fibre reinforcement ratio to reduce cold-flow under bolt preload while retaining the low water uptake of PA12. Dry granulate specifications matter because a moisture level above 0.15% before plastication lowers melt viscosity and changes the packing phase; the resulting moulded plates show differential shrinkage between the gate edge and the far edge. The mould temperature is therefore held at 80°C to 90°C for dimensional stability, with a monitored cavity pressure sensor fitted to each of 4 cavities. Melt temperature is set at 230°C to 240°C, and holding pressure is applied at 700 bar until the gate freezes. Compliance for wetted parts depends on regional potable water approvals; if NSF/ANSI 61 or KTW-BWGL approval is required, the specific EMS-Grivory grade must be confirmed against the current positive list. Process data to prevent hydrolysis during regrind use: regrind ratio is limited to 15% and predried at 80°C for 6 h before reuse. End products include pump impeller wear rings, filter-sealing plates and manifold spacer blocks. The glass fibres orient in the flow direction and produce a tensile strength anisotropy of roughly 1.5:1 between longitudinal and transverse directions when assessed following ISO 527-1:2019 and ISO 527-2:2012. Where flatness over a 40 mm diameter sealing face must remain below 0.10 mm, the mould design includes a rectangular edge gate of 1.0 mm thickness rather than a pin gate to reduce jetting. In wet service, a mineral-filled grade may be substituted if tighter creep modulus is required; glass-filled PA12 provides higher impact strength but can exhibit more visible fibre orientation on the sealing face after 2,000 h of water contact.
For outdoor cable management in telecom base stations, the dry form of EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM is converted into cable-tie heads and mounting brackets that must survive -40°C impact and 85°C dry-heat ageing. The 20 wt% glass-fibre content is a deliberate balance; higher glass content would increase stiffness but reduce the notched impact toughness required for snap-fit engagement of the pawl. Compliance is assessed through IEC 62275 for cable-management systems and UL 94 HB at 3.0 mm. The dry granulate is loaded directly from a sealed foil bag into a desiccant hopper set at 80°C with a dew point of -40°C. Process settings include a melt temperature of 235°C to 245°C, a mould temperature of 40°C to 60°C, and a fast injection speed of 120 mm/s for wall sections from 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm. The lower mould temperature is used to accelerate cycle time; however the packing time must be extended to 10 s to 15 s to avoid shrinkage-induced undercuts in the pawl region. End products include outdoor cable ties with a bundle diameter of 50 mm and snap-mount fasteners for RF feeder cables. UV stabilisation is separate from the base grade; black formulations typically contain carbon-black masterbatch at 2% by weight. No halogenated flame retardants are added, which simplifies end-of-life disposal under the WEEE directive for telecom equipment. The low water absorption of PA12 compared with PA66 is critical for maintaining tie retention force after 1,000 h of damp heat at 60°C and 90% RH. Published data for this exact grade in outdoor cable ties is limited; manufacturers validate retention force using IEC 62275 test sequences rather than relying solely on datasheet tensile strength.
Because the dry-supplied granules have a sealed-bag moisture content below 0.10%, analytical instrument housings are frequently moulded directly from EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM without a separate drying stage when the foil liner is intact. The target sector is non-implant benchtop diagnostic equipment, where the chemical resistance of PA12 to isopropanol and quaternary ammonium disinfectants reduces stress-cracking after wipe-down cycles. A 20 wt% glass-fibre reinforcement ratio is used to keep the housing foot and internal bracket stiff enough for mounting a 25 kg optical bench without creep deformation. Compliance for this segment includes ISO 10993-5 for cytotoxic potential when the part is classified as a non-patient-contacting external housing; specific EMS documentation is required for medical device files. Processing conditions for large-area thin-wall housings use a melt temperature of 240°C to 250°C, a mould temperature of 60°C to 70°C, and sequential valve-gate filling to prevent weld lines near display apertures. The injection unit should have a shot capacity between 20% and 60% of the barrel volume to avoid thermal residence times above 8 min. Parts are produced on a 200 t to 250 t press with a 2-cavity tool. End products include analyser main housings, reagent-bottle trays and internal motion brackets. The dry-state processing advantage is most visible on textured surfaces; surface gloss variation is reduced when the residual moisture is below 0.10%. If the production area exceeds 60% RH, a hopper dryer at 80°C is engaged even if the foil bag was sealed because condensation during cold granulate transfer can introduce surface moisture. Post-mould shrinkage is influenced by the glass-fibre orientation near the rear ribs; dimensional checks are performed after 24 h at 23°C and 50% RH following ISO 291. Published data for disinfection compatibility of this exact grade is limited; OEMs perform a screening protocol of 200 wipe cycles with 70% isopropanol before design freeze.
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EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 20 GM is a 20 wt% glass/mineral-reinforced polyamide 12 grade supplied in a dry-as-molded datasheet condition. The Dry designation indicates that mechanical, thermal, and electrical values are generated on specimens with residual moisture below 0.10 wt%, not that the resin remains dry in uncontrolled storage. At 23 °C/50% RH equilibrium, polyamide 12 absorbs approximately 0.7 wt% water; the reinforced grade therefore shifts less between dry and conditioned states than short-chain polyamides such as PA6 or PA66. The mixed glass/mineral reinforcement produces a semi-crystalline engineering thermoplastic with lower anisotropic shrinkage than an all-glass-fiber PA12 and higher stiffness and heat resistance than unreinforced PA12.
Polyamide 12 contains one amide linkage per 12 methylene sequence, giving a lower amide density than PA6 or PA66. This structure is responsible for lower water absorption, lower density, and resistance to hydrolysis in wet service. The glass/mineral addition changes the failure mode: tensile elongation at break falls to approximately 4% or less, while tensile modulus rises to roughly 9,000 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2. Processors should treat dry-state data as the reference for stiffness and strength, but re-evaluate impact after conditioning when parts operate at elevated humidity.
In a glass-fiber-only PA12 grade, flow-direction fiber orientation increases tensile strength and modulus but creates a large differential between flow-direction and transverse shrinkage. The mineral fraction in L 20 GM acts as a low-aspect-ratio filler and nucleant, reducing orientation anisotropy and providing more uniform shrinkage in flat parts. The penalty is a reduction in peak tensile strength and notched impact compared with an equivalent glass-fiber-only PA12. Published EMS-Grivory glass/mineral datasheets indicate the trade is approximately 10–15% lower tensile strength at break for improved flatness, although exact L 20 GM-to-L 20 G deltas should be confirmed against the current technical datasheet because filler ratio and specimen state influence the comparison.
Against a 20 wt% glass-reinforced PA66, L 20 GM has lower dry-state tensile modulus and a lower heat deflection ceiling, but it provides lower equilibrium water absorption and lower density. PA66 absorbs roughly 1.8–2.2 wt% water at 23 °C/50% RH; PA12 remains below 1.0 wt%. The consequence is less swelling, less hydrolytic molecular weight loss over time, and more stable dielectric behavior in humid environments. For applications subjected to repeated humidity cycling, PA12 grades typically show smaller dimensional drift than PA66 grades at equal filler level, provided the maximum service temperature remains within the PA12 thermal envelope.
Against unreinforced PA12, the 20 wt% glass/mineral package raises heat deflection temperature under 1.8 MPa from approximately 55–60 °C to above 150 °C and reduces tensile elongation from a ductile value above 50% to a rigid response. The material should be selected when dimensional stability and flexural rigidity are more important than high elongation and snap-fit ductility.
| Property | Representative value | Test standard |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.23 g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Tensile modulus | 9,000 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Tensile strength at break | 110 MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Tensile elongation at break | 4.0% | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Charpy notched impact, 23 °C | 10 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Heat deflection temperature, 1.8 MPa | 160 °C | ISO 75-1/-2 |
| Melting temperature | 176 °C | ISO 11357-1/-3 |
| Water absorption, saturation in water at 23 °C | 1.5 wt% | ISO 62 |
The values above are representative dry-as-molded values, not specification limits. Lot-to-lot variation and specimen preparation influence results within the reproducibility bands of the cited standards. Current EMS-Grivory technical datasheets and lot certificates should be consulted for specification limits and release data.
Pre-drying must be performed in a desiccant dryer with an air dew point no higher than -30 °C. A hopper inlet temperature of 80 °C for 4–8 h is adequate when the material has been stored in dry conditions; material exposed to high humidity may require 8–12 h. Residual moisture is verified by ISO 15512 or Karl Fischer titration, not inferred from dryer temperature alone. If moisture exceeds 0.10 wt%, hydrolytic chain scission during melting reduces molecular weight and produces surface splay, gas burns, and degraded mechanical properties.
| Processing parameter | Setpoint or range | Measurement basis |
|---|---|---|
| Desiccant dryer air temperature | 80 °C | Digital controller at hopper inlet |
| Drying period | 4–8 h | From ambient dry-storage moisture state |
| Residual moisture target | ≤0.10 wt% | ISO 15512 / Karl Fischer titration |
| Melt temperature | 250–280 °C | Nozzle pyrometer, front zone |
| Mold temperature | 80–100 °C | Mold surface thermocouple |
| Maximum melt residence time | 8 min | From plastication start to injection end |
| Back pressure | 30–50 bar | Hydraulic or electric injection unit |
Use a general-purpose three-zone screw with L/D ratio 20:1 to 25:1 and compression ratio 2.5:1 to 3:1. A wear-resistant screw and barrel are recommended because glass/mineral reinforcement increases abrasion relative to unreinforced PA12. Mold temperature is controlled by a pressurized water unit or oil unit; for high-precision parts, mold surface temperature should be held within ±5 °C across the cavity to avoid differential crystallinity and in-mold stress. Holding pressure must be optimized for gate geometry; typical starting values are 600–1,000 bar hydraulic pressure, with switchover at 95–98% of filled volume to minimize overpacking at the gate.
On production injection molding machines of 80–120 metric tons clamp force, weld lines in glass/mineral PA12 typically retain only 50–70% of bulk tensile strength measured per ISO 527-1/-2. Gate placement should therefore avoid forming weld lines in snap-fit arms, threaded bosses, or pressure-loaded walls. Vented molds with vacuum assist reduce gas burn in thick sections; vent depth for PA12 should not exceed 0.02 mm to avoid flash.
Production applications for glass/mineral-reinforced PA12 grades include compressed-air brake system fittings, fuel-line retainers, automotive interior bracket systems, cable ties, electrical connector housings, and industrial housing components. The combination of low moisture uptake and a Comparative Tracking Index of 600 V under IEC 60112 supports electrical connector applications where reduced terminal spacing under humid service is required. For chemical-contact applications, PA12 is resistant to aliphatic hydrocarbons, oils, fuels, and alcohol blends, but it is not suitable for continuous immersion in strong mineral acids, phenol, concentrated organic acids, or oxidizing environments. Stress-cracking resistance after solar weathering is limited unless the compound includes UV stabilization; outdoor load-bearing parts should be verified against ISO 4892-2 weathering and ISO 22088-3 environmental stress cracking protocols.
