| HS Code | 649423 |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | -30 °C |
| Tensile Modulus Dry | 700 MPa |
| Tensile Yield Stress Dry | 35 MPa |
| Tensile Strain At Yield Dry | 5% |
| Tensile Strain At Break Dry | 300% |
| Charpy Impact Strength 23 C Dry | No break |
| Shore D Hardness Dry | 55 |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.25% |
| Water Absorption At Saturation | 1.2% |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 145 °C |
As an accredited EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 Nylon 12, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 25 kg sealed kraft bag with polyethylene liner, containing black EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 16 W 20 Nylon 12 pellets, kept dry. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading: dry Nylon 12 (EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995) packed securely for transport. |
| Shipping | Ship Nylon 12 dry resin in sealed moisture-barrier bags with desiccant, inside sturdy corrugated boxes or drums. Avoid exposure to humidity, heat, and direct sunlight to prevent moisture absorption and degradation. Label as non-hazardous plastic pellets; secure loads to prevent shifting during transit. Store in a cool, dry warehouse. |
| Storage | Store in unopened, original moisture-proof packaging in a cool, dry area below 30°C. Keep away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture. After opening, reseal tightly or dry the material before use. Properly stored, it maintains its properties for a standard shelf life of two years. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original sealed packaging, dry and cool. Shelf life is typically 2 years from date of delivery. |
The manufacture of heavy-duty air-brake conduit from Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 (dry) is constrained first by moisture uptake during storage and hopper residence. Before extrusion, pellets are dried in a desiccant-bed dryer at 80 °C for 4 h until residual moisture falls below 0.10 wt%; where plant relative humidity exceeds 60 %, the hopper is purged with dry air at a dew point of -30 °C or lower. The monolayer conduit uses a 100 wt% base-resin formulation; in-plant edge trim and start-up purge are re-introduced only up to 15 wt% because higher recycled content shifts melt-viscosity retention and reduces vacuum-calibration stability. Compliance for this section tracks SAE J844 for air-brake tubing and ISO 7628-1:2010 for dimensions and marking, with performance verification per ISO 7628-2:2010 for burst, collapse, cold-impact at -40 °C, and fitting retention. The conversion line consists of a single-screw extruder with screw length/diameter between 24:1 and 30:1, a barrier mixing section, breaker-plate screen pack, and multi-zone vacuum calibration tank operating at water temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C. Barrel profile is set from 210 °C in the feed zone to 240 °C at the metering section; die-head temperature is held at 220 °C to 230 °C, and melt temperature must not exceed 250 °C for residence times above 8 min. The extrudate is drawn through the vacuum calibrator at a draw ratio of 1.05:1 to 1.15:1, then a closed-loop laser-OD gauge maintains outer-diameter tolerance of ±0.10 mm on 8 mm to 12 mm OD product. Terminal components are straight and coiled air-brake line assemblies cut to length, marked, and fitted with push-to-connect connectors for heavy-duty commercial vehicle chassis and trailer air systems. A higher start-up scrap rate occurs when quench water drops below 15 °C because the frozen surface skin forms before the bore is fully consolidated, producing internal voiding that is detected only by in-line ultrasonic wall inspection.
In spiral-coil pneumatic line production, melt-strength retention during hot-coil setting is the boundary condition that separates acceptable recoil memory from flattened ovality. The material is introduced at 100 wt% for standard wall sections, but where the wall is thinner than 1.0 mm and the coiled set must retain at least 80 % of initial coil diameter after 24 h at 23 °C, a high-viscosity PA12 extrusion modifier is let down at 10 wt% to 20 wt% to increase melt strength without sacrificing chemical resistance. Product verification for unreinforced compressed-air service references ISO 5774:2016; hydrostatic proof testing is performed according to ISO 1402. Downstream processing uses a 20:1 to 24:1 L/D single-screw extruder fitted with a barrier screw, an annular die with die gap set to 1.5 times the target wall, and a heated coiling mandrel maintained at 70 °C to 90 °C to lock the spiral set before quenching. The terminal product is a recoil hose assembly for mobile pneumatic circuits, particularly where long travel on telescopic booms or truck-to-trailer hook-ups would otherwise require excess straight hose and introduce abrasion loops. One production-line failure mode is inconsistent spring-back: if the mandrel temperature varies by more than ±5 °C, the coil pitch becomes non-uniform and the hose is rejected for installation in automatic retractor systems.
| Downstream segment | Primary standards | Nominal addition level | Characteristic process |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air-brake conduit | SAE J844, ISO 7628-1:2010, ISO 7628-2:2010 | 100 wt% base; regrind ≤ 15 wt% | Single-screw extruder 24:1–30:1 L/D, vacuum calibration |
| Spiral-coil pneumatic lines | ISO 5774:2016, ISO 1402 | 100 wt% base; modifier 10–20 wt% for wall < 1.0 mm | Heated mandrel coiling at 70–90 °C |
| Diesel vapour return tubing | SAE J2260-1, DIN 73379-1 | 100 wt% base; antistatic masterbatch 4–8 wt% only if specified | Single-screw extrusion, vacuum sizing, optional heated-bend post-forming |
| SAE 100R7 hydraulic hose | SAE J517, SAE J343, ISO 3949:2020 | Inner tube 100 wt% base; outer cover regrind ≤ 25 wt% | Precision mandrel extrusion, fibre braiding, outer-cover extrusion |
| Battery-tray cable conduit | IEC 61386-1:2008, ISO 19642-1:2018 | 100 wt% base; regrind ≤ 15 wt% for wall ≥ 0.8 mm | Vacuum-forming corrugator, closed-loop laser ring, ultrasonic wall sort |
| Central lubrication distribution lines | ISO 14743:2004, ISO 175:2010 | 100 wt% base; external lubricant ≤ 0.2 wt% | Precision crosshead die, water quench, dual-axis OD-ovality gauge |
The first requirement in fuel vapour return-line manufacture is to establish whether the line will be installed as a monolayer or co-extruded with a lower-permeation barrier. For non-pressurized diesel vapour return, Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 is fed as a 100 wt% matrix; if surface resistivity below 106 ohm/sq is required by the OEM, a conductive carbon-black masterbatch is added at 4 wt% to 8 wt%, with the lower addition level selected for 8 mm OD lines and the upper level reserved for corrugated sections where conductive pathway continuity is more difficult to maintain. Material requirements reference SAE J2260-1 for thermoplastic fuel-system tubing and DIN 73379-1 for cyclic pressure and pull-off testing. The downstream process consists of single-screw extrusion at a melt temperature of 220 °C to 240 °C, vacuum sizing through a closed-loop quench tank at 20 °C to 25 °C, and optional post-forming of bends by heated-bend fixtures. The terminal product is a diesel vapour return hose assembly with welded or quick-connect couplings, used in heavy-duty engine bays and tank vent systems. A process boundary emerges during under-hood heat exposure: continuous-use temperature attribution must be validated by heat-aging per ISO 2578 at the OEM-specified peak air temperature, usually 100 °C to 125 °C, but published data for this specific W20 black formulation in long-term diesel-biodiesel exposure is limited; qualification for blends above B20 should not proceed without immersion testing in the exact fuel blend because plasticizer extraction can alter fitting retention and bend-set recovery.
For thermoplastic hydraulic hose of type SAE 100R7, inner-tube concentricity is not a dimensional formality but a pressure-life variable. The inner tube is extruded from Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 as a 100 wt% base-resin layer; production regrind is excluded from the inner-tube layer and may be used only in the non-pressure-bearing outer cover at up to 25 wt% because contamination or gel content increases micro-pinhole probability in the pressure boundary. The hose construction is then over-braided with a synthetic-fibre braid under controlled tension, and the outer cover is extruded over the braid. Compliance verification follows SAE J517 and SAE J343 for impulse, burst, and length-change testing; where the assembly is exported to markets using metric hose designations, ISO 3949:2020 applies to textile-reinforced hydraulic hose. The downstream process includes a precision vacuum-calibration trough where the mandrel gap controls inner diameter to ±0.05 mm on a 6.3 mm ID, followed by ultrasonic wall-thickness scanning. Terminal products are spiral-cut or straight hydraulic hose assemblies for mobile hydraulics, with working pressure set by the hose manufacturer’s reinforcement calculation and verified per SAE J343. The main process failure mode occurs when the inner-tube ovality exceeds 0.05 mm: burst initiation shifts from the braid to the tube surface, and the resulting burst pressure scatter violates the minimum acceptance band of SAE J517.
Extrusion of corrugated under-body conduit from this material follows a vacuum-forming corrugator sequence in which the melt enters a mould-block chain at 230 °C and is held under vacuum until the block temperature drops the outer wall to 40 °C. The grade is run at 100 wt%; regrind is limited to 15 wt% only where the minimum wall thickness is not below 0.8 mm, because lower wall sections show collapse-pressure sensitivity when recycled content shifts the melt-flow index. Mechanical and dimensional requirements are checked against IEC 61386-1:2008 for conduit compression and impact; where the harness is routed in an automotive battery tray, connection compatibility and cable protection are additionally evaluated to ISO 19642-1:2018 or the OEM-specific terminal pull-out method. The downstream process includes a haul-off puller with a closed-loop laser ring that detects asymmetric corrugator closure before the product is spooled. Terminal products are corrugated conduit sections and split-sleeve variants for low-voltage battery-harness and sensor-cable protection under vehicle floor pans. A batch-specific failure occurs when mould-block misalignment creates wall-thickness asymmetry above 0.15 mm on one corrugation flank; ultrasonic wall-thickness sorting is therefore introduced before cut-to-length operations when the corrugator is run above 60 m/min.
A small-bore tube line running this material at diameters of 4 mm to 8 mm is less tolerant of parison swell than air-brake conduit because the resulting ID change directly alters lubricant flow resistance. The pellets are dried to 0.08 wt% residual moisture and fed as a 100 wt% base resin; no regrind is used in high-pressure pulse-rated oil lines, and if an external processing lubricant is needed to reduce die build-up at high line speed, it is added at 0.2 wt% maximum. The downstream extrusion process uses a precision crosshead die, a water quench after a short air gap of 20 mm to 40 mm, and a puller with a dual-axis dimensional gauge that controls both OD and ovality. Compliance for connector compatibility is verified with ISO 14743:2004 push-in connector testing, while the tube itself is checked for dimensional stability and burst at working pressures set by the central lubrication system supplier. Terminal products are oil and grease distribution lines in automated lubrication circuits for industrial machinery, wind-turbine pitch bearings, and packaging lines. The operational boundary is fluid chemistry: the line must not be used with phosphate-ester fire-resistant fluids at elevated temperatures because stress-cracking data for PA12 in those fluids is negative; if a customer requires phosphate-ester exposure, published qualification data for this specific W20 black formulation is limited and immersion testing per ISO 175:2010 is mandatory before release.
Competitive EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 Nylon 12, Dry prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please contact us at +8615365186327 or mail to admin@ascent-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615365186327
Email: admin@ascent-chem.com
Flexible payment, competitive price, premium service - Inquire now!
EMS-Grivory Grilamid L 16 W 20 black 9995 Nylon 12, Dry is a moisture-controlled, flexible polyamide 12 extrusion grade. The material is supplied as granulate with carbon black pigmentation designated by the manufacturer’s colour code black 9995. The dry qualifier indicates that the packaging chain maintains residual moisture below a defined threshold, commonly 0.10% by mass when measured to ISO 15512 Method A. This condition is an operational boundary rather than a storage guarantee: exposure to ambient air after opening initiates moisture regain, and the product moves from a process-stable condition toward a hydrolysis-prone condition when surrounding relative humidity exceeds 60%.
The designation L 16 W 20 places the material within the EMS-Grivory PA12 L-series. The L-series is based on polyamide 12 chemistry with lower moisture uptake than PA6 and PA66. The numerical and letter suffixes identify the viscosity, stabilization, and modification package; exact modifier chemistry is defined in the manufacturer’s technical datasheet and safety data sheet. Under ISO 1874-1, the material is classified as a polyamide 12 extrusion and moulding material. The black pigmentation is compounded for weathering resistance and is typically assessed by retained mechanical properties and colour change after accelerated xenon-arc exposure under ISO 4892-2.
The lower amide group concentration in PA12 produces a characteristic equilibrium moisture content near 0.7% at 23°C and 50% relative humidity, compared with approximately 2.8% for PA6 under the same atmospheric conditions. That distinction is important for the dry condition of this product. In the melt phase, absorbed water accelerates hydrolysis at processing temperature, reducing molecular weight and lowering melt strength. Tubing extruded from inadequately dried material can exhibit pinholes, surface shark-skin, dimensional drift, and reduced burst strength. Dry packaging therefore reduces the dryer residence time required at line start-up. Once opened, a closed-loop dehumidified air dryer is recommended at 80°C for 4 to 6 hours with a dew point no higher than -30°C. Hopper dryers without desiccant action are insufficient if the granulate has been stored above 60% room humidity.
The drying window is narrow at the upper end. If the material is held above 90°C for extended periods, oxidative degradation can shift colour and reduce the stabilizer reserve, even in a black-pigmented compound. Drying should therefore be terminated when the moisture content reaches the manufacturer’s specified value rather than by fixed time alone. For incoming lots that have been exposed to humid conditions, moisture measurement by ISO 15512 Method A is preferable to weight-loss methods because the carbon black and modifier package can influence oven-drying results.
Incoming inspection of the dry product should include lot number, original sealed packaging integrity, and residual moisture before transfer to the dryer. Melt volume-flow rate testing under ISO 1133-1 at the temperature and load stated in the manufacturer’s datasheet provides a rapid indication of molecular-weight shifts during storage. The melt volume-flow rate of flexible PA12 is highly temperature-sensitive; the test therefore requires calibrated die dimensions and strict thermal control. Density can be measured under ISO 1183-1. If a lot fails the moisture specification, it should not be processed until a controlled drying study confirms that the redrying cycle restores process performance.
Conversion of Grilamid L 16 W 20 on production-scale lines is usually executed on grooved-feed single-screw extruders with a screw L/D ratio of 30:1 to 38:1. A barrier screw with compression ratio 2.5:1 to 3.0:1 provides sufficient melting without excessive shear heating. Barrel temperature settings are commonly profiled from 190°C to 230°C from hopper to die. Because the grade is flexible, die design must account for high draw-down and lower melt strength. Vacuum calibration is used to stabilise the outer diameter of small-diameter tube and hose. Melt temperatures above 250°C are not normally required and may promote volatilisation from the modifier package, die-lip deposit build-up, and surface defects.
One process conflict observed on production lines using flexible PA12 is the interaction between low melt strength and high draw-down. If the first vacuum calibration tank is positioned too close to the die, the low modulus of the plasticized melt allows diameter overshoot; if positioned too far, the hot tube sags before solidification. The practical resolution is to set the first water bath temperature at 20°C to 40°C and maintain an air gap of 10 to 30 times the die annulus diameter. Internal air pressure for small-diameter tubing is typically controlled at 0.2 to 0.6 bar. These values are starting points and must be confirmed by monitoring wall thickness and ovality against the component print. Excessive melt temperature or blocked screen packs can reduce melt strength further and produce fold lines or periodic slugging. Screen packs of 80 to 120 mesh are common, but fine screens combined with high output rates can create local melt temperature spikes above 250°C.
Regrind management is an operational boundary. PA12 should not be blended with PA6 or PA66 regrind because melt-phase heterogeneity and gel-like domains can result from incompatible melting behaviour. Compatibility with PA11 regrind requires controlled compounding evaluation. Additive masterbatches containing amine-terminated modifiers or halogenated flame retardants should not be introduced without documented compatibility trials. The modifier package in the grade is part of the manufacturer’s formulation; adding external plasticizers can cause exudation, surface tack, and loss of mechanical stability.
Flexible PA12 tubing produced from this grade is used in air brake lines, pneumatic control circuits, fuel-vapour lines, and cable protection. Qualification of air brake tubing typically follows SAE J844; the test programme includes burst pressure at room temperature and elevated service temperature, resistance to zinc chloride solution, and resistance to mineral oil and diesel. The carbon-black pigmentation provides ultraviolet stabilisation for exposed service, but mechanical performance after weathering is commonly confirmed by ISO 4892-2 accelerated xenon exposure with retained tensile elongation and impact resistance. For applications requiring cold impact resistance, the grade is evaluated using ISO 179-1/1eA notched Charpy impact; plasticized PA12 typically avoids brittle failure at temperatures near -30°C. End users should request the manufacturer’s current lot-specific certificate for acceptance limits and test-statistical boundaries.
The primary difference is stiffness. Unplasticized PA12 grades generally show dry tensile modulus values in the range of 1000 to 1400 MPa under ISO 527-1/-2, whereas this grade is intended to behave as a flexible, semi-rigid material. The lower modulus reduces hoop stress in pressurized tubing and improves conformability in routing, but it also lowers tensile strength and continuous load-bearing capacity. Against PA11, the PA12 backbone has a slightly lower density, lower saturated water uptake, and a melting range about 7 to 10 K below that of PA11. The practical consequence is a narrower upper service temperature envelope, while the benefit is superior dimensional stability in humid environments. Against PA6 and PA66, the PA12 grade shows lower moisture absorption and better resistance to chloride-induced stress cracking, particularly in winter road environments where salt solutions are present.
| Material system | Density under ISO 1183-1 | Saturated water absorption at 23°C under ISO 62 | Melting range under ISO 11357-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flexible PA12 grade family | 1.01 g/cm³ | 1.5% | 173–178 °C |
| PA11 | 1.04 g/cm³ | 1.9% | 182–187 °C |
| PA66 unplasticized | 1.14 g/cm³ | 8.5% | 255–265 °C |
In cable sheathing, the low moisture absorption and low friction of PA12 relative to plasticized PVC are selected for abrasion resistance and dimensional stability in humid conditions. However, PA12 has higher material cost than plasticized PVC and requires drying, whereas PVC is not notch-sensitive in the same manner. Against thermoplastic polyurethane, this grade generally has lower strain at break and lower elastic recovery; thermoplastic polyurethane remains more flexible at extremely low temperatures, but PA12 offers lower density, better resistance to automotive fuels, and better retention of properties after fuel exposure. Against co-polyester elastomers, PA12 is usually selected for chemical resistance and lower density rather than high-temperature service. These comparisons must be anchored to the specific hardness, wall thickness, and end-use test requirements of the component.
Joining and component integration require attention to surface condition and carbon black loading. Black 9995 pigmentation affects energy absorption in laser welding processes; the carbon black is designed for UV resistance, but laser transmission at near-infrared wavelengths may be lower than in unpigmented grades. If through-transmission laser welding is contemplated, the upper layer thickness and laser wavelength must be validated by transmission measurement because published data for this specific configuration is limited. Solvent bonding and adhesive joining are used with roughened surfaces, but residual processing lubricants, modifier migration, and moisture must be controlled before bonding. The dry condition at the granulate stage does not guarantee a contamination-free extrudate surface. Surface cleaning should be followed by verification of adhesion through peel testing or burst testing on the finished assembly.
Chemical resistance of PA12 to aliphatic hydrocarbons, greases, hydraulic fluids, and salt solutions is a central specification criterion. However, strong acids, concentrated formic acid, phenols, and certain chlorinated solvents can degrade or dissolve the polymer. Environmental stress cracking resistance must be checked in the final tube design, particularly where fittings create residual tensile stress and where zinc chloride roadway de-icing solutions remain in contact with the surface. The low equilibrium moisture uptake of PA12 reduces the loss of tensile properties in humid conditions compared with PA6 and PA66; this is usually measured by conditioning specimens to equilibrium at 23°C and 50% RH before tensile testing under ISO 527-2. For fuel-contact applications, volume swell, extraction, and permeation must be tested using the production fluid rather than generic test fluids only.
| Property | Standard |
|---|---|
| Residual moisture | ISO 15512 Method A |
| Melt volume-flow rate | ISO 1133-1 |
| Density | ISO 1183-1 |
| Tensile modulus and yield stress | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Charpy notched impact | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Vicat softening temperature | ISO 306 |
| Heat deflection temperature | ISO 75-2 |
| Accelerated weathering | ISO 4892-2 |
| Air brake tubing qualification | SAE J844 |
Incoming material should be inspected for lot number, original sealed packaging integrity, and moisture content before transfer to the dryer. The product is intended for extrusion; if injection moulding is used, the same drying discipline applies, but the flexible character is not optimized for high-pressure structural parts. Storage in a sealed container with desiccant after drying is required if the line is stopped for more than 2 hours; otherwise moisture regain begins at exposed granulate surfaces and causes intermittent processing defects. Re-drying after extended storage should follow the same 80°C dehumidified air cycle, and repeated drying cycles should be limited to avoid accumulated thermal history in the stabilizer package.
