| HS Code | 320254 |
| Material | Polyamide 12 (PA12) Monofilament |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Tensile Strength | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | >200% |
| Tensile Modulus | 1200 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 1200 MPa |
| Shore Hardness | D60 |
| Water Absorption At Saturation | 1.4% |
| Water Absorption At 24h | 0.2% |
| Abrasion Resistance | Excellent |
| Chemical Resistance | Excellent |
As an accredited EMS-Griltech Grilamid DN 10 Nylon 12 Monofilament factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | EMS-Griltech Grilamid DN 10 nylon 12 monofilament is wound on 10 kg spools, protected against moisture and damage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: Grilamid DN 10 nylon 12 monofilament loaded on pallets in cartons, secured for transport. |
| Shipping | EMS-Griltech Grilamid DN 10 Nylon 12 Monofilament ships as a non-hazardous, industrial-grade polymer. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and excessive heat during transit. Use dry containers, secure coils or spools to prevent deformation, and avoid sharp impacts that could cause kinking or surface damage. Store in original sealed packaging until use. |
| Storage | Store Grilamid DN 10 Nylon 12 Monofilament in its original, unopened packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from direct sunlight, UV radiation, moisture, and high heat. Avoid contact with incompatible materials. Maintain moderate temperatures and low humidity to prevent degradation. Use within recommended shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Grilamid DN 10 Nylon 12 monofilament has a long shelf life when stored dry, cool, and shielded from UV light. |
A 0.30 mm weft monofilament extruded from Grilamid DN 10 is drawn at a total ratio of 4.0:1 through three heated godets maintained at 80°C, 120°C, and 150°C before entering a hot-air annealing tunnel set at 150°C for 120 s with 2% overfeed. In paper machine clothing forming fabrics, this monofilament is subjected to cyclic flexural stresses from foil blades, vacuum boxes, and Uhle boxes that exceed 10⁶ bending cycles per year. The low equilibrium water absorption of PA12—1.4% at saturation per ISO 62—limits diameter swell in wet-end operation, a point of divergence from PA6 and PA66 monofilaments, which absorb 9.5% and 8.5% respectively under the same test basis. The extrusion line for this application typically consists of a single-screw extruder with a 30:1 L/D barrier screw, a gear pump with melt-pressure control of ±0.3 MPa, and a laser diameter gauge with a tolerance of ±0.005 mm. Pre-drying of Grilamid DN 10 at 80°C for 4 h to a residual moisture content below 0.10% is mandatory; hydrolysis at melt temperatures above 230°C otherwise produces surface microvoids that reduce tensile breaking force by approximately 15%. A hydrolysis stabilizer masterbatch based on PA12 carrier is added at 2–4 wt%; PA6 or EVA carriers are incompatible and create gel particles at draw ratios above 3.5:1. Heat-set shrinkage is evaluated on finished monofilament according to ASTM D2259, with residual boil shrinkage below 0.5% required for dimensionally stable forming fabrics. Published fatigue data for this specific DN 10 grade in paper machine clothing are largely converter-generated and not fully public, so pilot paper machine trials at 1,200 m/min are recommended before full-width production. End products include forming fabrics, press felts, and dryer screens with service lives between 6 and 18 months depending on machine speed and filler loading.
| Monofilament polymer | Saturation water absorption | Diameter swell after 24 h water immersion | Test basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grilamid DN 10 PA12 | 1.4% | 0.2% | ISO 62 |
| PA6 | 9.5% | 2.8% | ISO 62 |
| PA66 | 8.5% | 2.4% | ISO 62 |
For hydraulic and fuel filtration applications, DN 10 monofilament is extruded at diameters from 0.06 mm to 0.15 mm and woven into plain Dutch or twill Dutch constructions with mesh counts from 80 to 200 threads per inch. The primary process conflict is the relationship between draw ratio, diameter uniformity, and filter pore size stability. A two-stage drawing line is set with the first godet at 70°C and the second at 130°C, producing a total draw ratio of 4.5:1. A drift of ±0.1 in draw ratio changes monofilament diameter by approximately 0.003 mm; in a 200-mesh fabric, this shift alters the absolute filtration rating by more than 5 μm. Such pore throat distribution change causes the filter element to fail downstream multipass testing under ISO 16889 because the beta ratio at the rated particle size is controlled by the largest pores in the medium. The melt delivery system uses a 35:1 L/D single-screw extruder with three-zone vacuum venting at −0.8 bar and a 2.0 cm³/rev gear pump. Die exit melt temperature is maintained between 235°C and 245°C; below 230°C, die pressure fluctuation increases to ±0.8 MPa and filament diameter oscillation becomes visible; above 250°C, thermal degradation generates gel particles that create weak points in the filter cloth. The quench bath is held at 30°C over a 2.0 m length with a fixed air gap of 12 mm; a closed-loop laser gauge controls godet speed to maintain diameter within ±0.002 mm. After weaving, heat-setting at 140°C for 90 s with width stretching stabilizes the fabric and prevents crease formation during pleating. Compliance for hydraulic filter media requires the final filter element to meet ISO 16889 beta ratios such as β10(c) ≥ 75, and the base polymer must comply with REACH and RoHS. End products include spin-on hydraulic filters, fuel line filter cartridges, and diesel particulate filter pre-screens.
Crimped brush filament produced from Grilamid DN 10 is extruded through a 0.50 mm die, quenched in water at 25°C, drawn at 3.6:1, and passed through a stuffer box crimper at 60°C to generate 3–4 crimps per linear centimetre. In wet cleaning and food processing brushes, the low moisture absorption of PA12 prevents the stiffness loss observed with PA6 bristles after prolonged immersion in water or dilute caustic solutions. Three-point flexural testing on a 10 mm bristle span is used to compare conditioned stiffness; published data for this specific DN 10 configuration is limited, but the ISO 62 saturation uptake figures indicate that PA12 absorbs roughly one-seventh of the moisture of PA6, preserving a larger fraction of dry flexural modulus after immersion. This difference is significant in bottle washing plants where brush contact pressure against glass surfaces must remain above 0.5 N to remove label adhesive without scuffing. For food contact brush applications, the finished bristle must comply with EU Regulation (EU) 10/2011 and FDA 21 CFR 177.1500, including overall migration limits under food simulant D2 at 40°C for 10 days. The process boundary is the post-crimp heat-setting temperature; exposure above 150°C eliminates crimp memory, while temperatures below 130°C leave residual crimp retraction that contributes to bristle tuft pull-out at rotating brush speeds of 1,500 rpm. Alkaline detergents at pH 12 are used in bottle and dairy applications; no additional plasticizer is recommended because plasticizer migration would reduce bristle stiffness and contaminate cleaning solutions. End products include bottle washing brushes, conveyor cleaning brushes, and dairy pipeline brushes.
At a mandrel diameter of 4.0 mm, a 1.0 mm monofilament extruded from Grilamid DN 10 is formed into helical loops and heat-welded at 190°C. Spiral link belting for continuous bakery ovens and cooling tunnels requires a weld pressure window of 0.3–0.5 MPa; below 0.3 MPa, incomplete fusion at the loop closure creates a point of tensile failure during belt tension cycling, while above 0.5 MPa, excessive displacement thins the joint and reduces loop tensile strength below 100 N. The welded spiral is assembled into an open-mesh belt with pintle rods, and the belt is then subjected to a final heat-set at 150°C for 60 s under 1.5% overfeed to equalize loop pitch. Compliance for food contact requires the base nylon 12 to comply with FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 and Regulation (EU) 10/2011, with specific migration testing for caprolactam below the detection limit of 0.01 mg/kg if caprolactam is present as a processing aid. DN 10 is selected over PA6 because the PA12 loop retains dimensional stability during steam cleaning cycles at 95°C without the hygroscopic swell that causes PA6 spiral links to bind on pintle rods. The operational boundary is the continuous service temperature of 120°C for PA12; belt sections exposed to metal surface temperatures above 140°C suffer accelerated oxidative embrittlement unless a heat-stabilized grade is used. End products include spiral mesh belts for bakery ovens, proofing systems, and food freezing tunnels.
Monofilament fishing line based on Grilamid DN 10 is manufactured by extruding a 0.10–0.80 mm filament, quenching in a two-stage water bath at 20°C and 40°C, and drawing at total ratios between 4.0:1 and 5.0:1. The final relaxation stage is set to 5–8% overfeed at 130°C to reduce line memory and improve spooling. Knot efficiency, measured as the ratio of knot tensile strength to straight tensile strength, typically falls between 65% and 75% when tested according to a single overhand knot procedure adapted from ASTM D2256. If relaxation is increased above 10%, loop strength improves but creep under static load becomes detectable; if relaxation is below 3%, the line develops high coil set and fails to lie flat on spinning reels. The low moisture absorption of PA12 at 1.4% saturation ensures that wet knot strength retains at least 90% of dry knot strength, a property that PA6 lines lose more rapidly after immersion. Compliance for export markets requires REACH and RoHS declarations, and packaging materials must comply with the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive. The largest process risk is melt fracture at the die when line speed exceeds 120 m/min without a gear pump; sharkskin surface defects reduce abrasion resistance against rod guides and lower the tensile breaking force. End products include spinning lines, fluorocarbon-coated leader material, and high-abrasion netting line.
Screen printing mesh woven from DN 10 monofilament in diameters of 0.033–0.080 mm is calendered at 130°C under 40 N/mm² to flatten the knuckles and reduce ink deposit thickness. The mesh is then mounted on aluminium frames and tensioned to 25–30 N/cm. Tension decay after 10,000 squeegee cycles is generally below 10% when the initial heat-set has been conducted at 150°C for 120 s; insufficient heat-setting leaves residual shrinkage that causes mesh sag and registration errors on multi-colour electronic printing lines. The low moisture absorption of PA12 minimises tension variation when screen rooms shift between 40% and 70% relative humidity. Compliance for printed electronics and photovoltaic paste deposition requires the mesh to be free of silicone contamination and to comply with RoHS limits for lead and cadmium below 100 ppm. The processing boundary is the calendering temperature: above 140°C, the monofilament cross-section becomes excessively flattened, increasing ink deposit thickness beyond 15 μm; below 120°C, knuckle flattening is insufficient and squeegee wear accelerates at 5,000 cycles. End products include fine-line screen printing mesh for solder paste, precision textile graphics, and ceramic capacitor printing.
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EMS-Griltech Grilamid DN 10 Nylon 12 Monofilament is a single continuous filament produced from laurolactam-based polyamide 12. The product belongs to the EMS-Griltech monofilament range and is supplied for weaving into technical fabrics, screen-printing mesh, and filtration media. The suffix DN 10 is conventionally read as a nominal diameter class of 0.10 mm in monofilament product coding; however, the manufacturer’s lot certificate remains the controlling document for exact diameter, roundness, shrinkage, and surface finish. The monofilament form differs from multifilament yarn because it contains no inter-filament void space or capillary wicking network. That structural difference alters filtration pressure drop, particulate retention, and cleanability in wet-end industrial fabrics.
For a circular cross-section of 0.10 mm and a nominal PA12 density of 1.01 g/cm³ measured under ISO 1183-1, the calculated linear density is approximately 79 dtex. The calculation assumes a fully dense round filament and does not include surface texturing, ovality, or additive-related density shifts. At equal filament diameter, the lower density of PA12 compared with PET or PA66 reduces mass per unit area in woven meshes. This is relevant where fabric weight, permeability, and machine drive load are constrained. Published data for the DN 10 product specifically is limited; the dimensional basis should therefore be verified against EMS-Griltech lot documentation before specifying aperture count or fabric grammage.
Thermal and mechanical values reported in public supplier literature for oriented PA12 monofilament grades include a melting peak of 175 °C to 180 °C by ISO 11357-3, equilibrium water absorption of 0.6% to 0.8% at 23 °C and 50% RH by ISO 62, tensile strength commonly in the 300 MPa to 550 MPa range under ISO 527-1/-2 procedures, and elongation at break from 20% to 40% depending on draw ratio and conditioning. These values are representative ranges for PA12 monofilament, not contractual DN 10 specifications. The glass transition temperature of PA12 is typically cited between 40 °C and 50 °C, placing the material near its leathery range in warm wet-end environments. Tensile modulus is correspondingly lower than that of PET or PA66 monofilament at equal orientation, which influences fabric elongation and tension retention.
Regulatory conformance for food-contact or potable-water applications must be confirmed through the EMS-Griltech declaration. Polyamide 12 grades generally fall under FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 and EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 when migration testing is completed by the fabric converter or end user. REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU obligations may apply to downstream articles. The supplier declaration is the controlling document for SVHC content and migration limits. Published data for DN 10-specific food-contact certification is limited and should not be assumed from generic PA12 listings.
Processing of PA12 monofilament on production extrusion lines requires residual moisture content below 0.1% before melt extrusion. Moisture above this threshold induces hydrolytic molecular weight reduction and surface bubble formation. Vacuum drying at 80 °C to a residual moisture level below 0.1%, confirmed by ISO 15512, is standard for PA12 feedstock. Single-screw extruders with L/D ratios between 24:1 and 30:1 are common for monofilament lines, fitted with static melt filtration elements of 15 μm to 25 μm to remove gel particles and agglomerates. Melt temperatures for PA12 are typically held between 230 °C and 260 °C. Residence time above 270 °C accelerates oxidative yellowing and viscosity loss; therefore, temperature profiling and screw speed must be balanced against throughput.
Quench bath temperature is held below 40 °C to limit inter-filament sticking and to stabilise roundness. Higher quench temperatures reduce cooling rate and permit crystal growth, which lowers tensile strength and increases elongation. Quench water should be filtered to avoid surface contamination of the molten filament. Draw ratios for PA12 monofilament typically fall between 3.0 and 5.0, depending on target tenacity and elongation. Higher draw ratios raise tensile strength and reduce residual shrinkage, but they also reduce elongation and increase sensitivity to notch damage. Heat-setting is frequently conducted in hot-air ovens at 120 °C to 150 °C under controlled tension to stabilise dimensions and reduce cold shrinkage.
Production-scale failure modes reported in monofilament conversion include diameter oscillation caused by melt pump pressure variation, surface melt fracture from low die temperature, and irregular crimp when annealing tension is not uniform across the filament bundle. Batch-to-batch viscosity shifts can arise from inadequate drying or variations in feedstock molecular weight. In-line laser diameter gauges are used to monitor filament diameter and ovality continuously. Published process data for DN 10 specifically is limited; the processing window should be established on the actual line using capillary rheometry under ISO 11443 or equivalent.
Chemical exposure data for PA12 monofilament indicate resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons, hydraulic fluids, and dilute alkali cleaning solutions. Prolonged contact with concentrated mineral acids, phenols, strong oxidizing agents, or hypochlorite-based cleaners at elevated temperature causes chain scission and embrittlement. ISO 175 swell and mechanical retention testing is used to qualify cleaning formulations. The monofilament should not be specified for continuous immersion in hot concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. Compatibility with peroxide or ozone systems should be verified because oxidative attack is temperature-dependent and can reduce service life.
In paper machine clothing, the monofilament is woven into forming fabrics, dryer screens, or spiral link assemblies where running tension, repeated bending over rolls, and chemical cleaning cycles act simultaneously. PA12 is selected in this application because its equilibrium moisture uptake of 0.6% to 0.8% at 23 °C and 50% RH is lower than that of PA6 or PA66, reducing hygroscopic expansion and fabric width variation. The PA12 glass transition range of 40 °C to 50 °C places the polymer near its leathery range at wet-end temperatures; this requires evaluation of creep and flexural fatigue under load. Published data for DN 10-specific flex fatigue behaviour is limited, and fabric trials are recommended to establish replacement intervals.
The smooth surface of the PA12 monofilament reduces particle adhesion relative to rougher staple-fibre fabrics. The absence of inter-filament capillary spaces allows faster drainage and lower retention of cleaning agents. However, the lower tensile modulus of PA12 compared with PET means that fabric elongation under load can be higher at the same filament count. Tensioning protocols must compensate for stress relaxation, especially when the fabric operates continuously above 60 °C. For screen-printing mesh produced from a 0.10 mm monofilament, tensioning frames commonly target 20 N/cm to 30 N/cm; PA12 fabrics may require re-tensioning after initial loading and after humidity changes. Pneumatic tensioning frames with controlled elongation ramps are used to avoid local stress concentrations.
Compared with PET monofilament, PA12 exhibits lower tensile modulus and higher elongation, which can reduce internal stress under localized deformation but may increase strain under load. Compared with PA6 and PA66 monofilament, PA12 has lower water absorption and better dimensional stability in humid conditions, but lower melting point and lower tensile strength at equal draw ratio. The operational ceiling for PA12 in dry air is commonly cited at 90 °C to 100 °C for continuous service. PA66 and PET can maintain mechanical integrity at higher temperatures; PPS or PEEK monofilaments are required above 180 °C. The selection of DN 10 over other products is therefore constrained by the combination of chemical exposure, temperature, and dimensional tolerance required by the fabric specification.
Comparative property ranges for monofilament polymers are assembled in Table 1 from public supplier literature for oriented monofilament grades. They are not EMS-Griltech DN 10 lot specifications, but they provide a basis for initial material selection. Lot-specific values should be obtained from the product certificate before engineering design.
| Property | Test method | PA12 monofilament | PA6 monofilament | PET monofilament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 1.01–1.03 g/cm³ | 1.12–1.15 g/cm³ | 1.38–1.40 g/cm³ |
| Melting peak | ISO 11357-3 | 175–180 °C | 220–225 °C | 255–260 °C |
| Water absorption at 23 °C, 50% RH | ISO 62 | 0.6–0.8% | 2.6–3.0% | 0.2–0.3% |
| Tensile strength, oriented monofilament | ISO 527-1/-2 | 300–550 MPa | 400–700 MPa | 600–900 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1/-2 | 20–40% | 20–35% | 10–20% |
Filtration and screen-printing mesh produced from a 0.10 mm PA12 monofilament is characterised by aperture count, open area percentage, and fabric thickness. At a nominal diameter of 0.10 mm, a plain weave mesh can provide open areas from approximately 30% to 60% depending on mesh count and weave geometry. Mesh aperture is verified against ISO 9044 or ISO 4783-2; air permeability is measured by ISO 9237; fabric tensile strength is determined under ISO 13934-1. The actual permeability of a finished DN 10 fabric is governed by the weaving specification rather than the monofilament alone.
In solid-liquid filtration, PA12 monofilament mesh resists hydrolysis better than PA6 or PA66 under intermittent wet-dry cycling, but it is not a substitute for PVDF, PPS, or PEEK in concentrated acid or high-temperature oxidative streams. In screen-printing applications, the dimensional stability of PA12 under humidity change is used to maintain registration. However, tension loss under sustained loading must be accommodated by re-tensioning protocols. Published tension-decay curves specific to DN 10 at varying temperature and humidity are limited; fabric converters should obtain creep test data from the supplier or conduct ISO 899-1 tensile creep evaluation on the finished mesh. The product should be stored at room temperature and protected from direct sunlight; storage above 60% RH can increase moisture uptake and alter tensile elongation.
