| HS Code | 110470 |
| Density | 1.02 g/cm³ |
| Water Absorption 24h | 0.25% |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 40 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 200% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1.20 GPa |
| Izod Impact Notched | 5.00 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 55 °C |
| Volume Resistivity | 1e14 ohm·cm |
| Dielectric Strength | 30 kV/mm |
| Dielectric Constant | 3.5 |
| Hardness Shore D | 72 |
As an accredited CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 Polyamide 12 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg sealed, moisture-proof bags of CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 Polyamide 12 granules, ensuring safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL: CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 Polyamide 12 loaded in sealed packaging, stowed and secured for safe, stable transport. |
| Shipping | CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 Polyamide 12 is a non-hazardous thermoplastic, not regulated as dangerous goods for road, sea, or air transport. Ship in clean, dry packaging to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid excessive heat and direct sunlight during transit. Standard handling procedures apply. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep the original sealed container or moisture-proof packaging to prevent Polyamide 12 from absorbing humidity. Maintain room temperature and low relative humidity. Avoid contact with incompatible chemicals and mechanical damage. Ensure proper labeling and segregation from foodstuffs. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored sealed, dry, and cool, away from moisture and direct sunlight. |
CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 is specified where low moisture uptake, impact resistance below −40 °C, and resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons are required across multiple industrial conversion lines. The following application segments are limited to established polyamide 12 downstream sectors: automotive fluid-power tubing, unbonded flexible pipe pressure sheaths, offshore cable sheathing, powder bed fusion of PA12 powders, intravascular catheter tubing, and glass-fiber-reinforced injection-molded components. Each segment is described through its compliance framework, addition ratio, production equipment parameters, and terminal finished product types. Data are drawn from published ISO, ASTM, API, IEC, and USP standards and from typical industrial processing ranges for PA12 compounds. Where a specific CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 configuration lacks published qualification data, this limitation is stated within the segment rather than inferred from adjacent grades.
Automotive air brake and fluid conveyance tubing is produced from CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 as a smooth or spiral-convoluted monolayer tube, with retention of dry tensile modulus after moisture uptake making it suitable for circuits exposed to compressed air, diesel vapor, or hydraulic clutch fluid. Compliance for truck air brake circuits is assessed against SAE J844 and ISO 7628-1; fuel vapor lines are qualified under SAE J2260 where multilayer constructions are specified to control permeation. The addition ratio in the extruder feed is 100 parts base resin; carbon black masterbatch is metered at 2.0–3.0 wt% for UV-stabilized black tube, and plasticizer-containing grades, when required for flexural behavior at −40 °C, are processed without further let-down dilution because the compound is supplied as a ready-to-run system. Production equipment is typically a 30:1 L/D single-screw extruder with a grooved feed zone and a (2.5–3.0):1 compression ratio screw; melt temperature is held between 230 °C and 255 °C, and die head temperature between 220 °C and 240 °C. Vacuum sizing is performed at −0.02 MPa to −0.06 MPa with a water bath at 15–30 °C. Field defect patterns show melt fracture and dimensional ovality occur when the first barrel zone falls below 215 °C or when vacuum fluctuation exceeds ±0.005 MPa during line-speed changes. Terminal products are SAE J844-compliant air brake spiral assemblies, fuel vapor return lines, and hydraulic clutch tube bundles.
In unbonded flexible pipe manufacturing, CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 is applied as the polymeric pressure sheath extruded directly over an interlocked steel carcass; the layer must maintain barrier continuity under bending and through thermal cycles in offshore hydrocarbon service. Qualification is performed under API Spec 17J, ISO 13628-2, and API 17B, with sour-service polymer compatibility addressed through ISO 23936-1. The addition ratio for the sheath is normally 100% unblended PA12; a processing-stabilizer masterbatch is metered at 0.5–1.5 wt%, and plasticizers are excluded because they increase permeability and reduce collapse resistance. Extrusion is conducted on a 90–150 mm single-screw extruder with a 30:1 L/D barrier screw, a melt pump, and a crosshead die positioned around the carcass. Pre-drying of the compound is mandatory at 80 °C for 4–6 h to reach ≤0.08 wt% moisture; melt temperature is maintained at 220–250 °C, and external die pressure is monitored to avoid shear heating beyond 270 °C. A ±10% batch-to-batch viscosity variation can shift melt pressure at the crosshead by 15–20 bar, making pressure transducers and melt-pump feedback controls critical. Terminal products include unbonded flexible risers, flowlines, jumpers, and static riser sections; the PA12 pressure sheath is not qualified for continuous wet service above its specific temperature envelope unless rapid gas decompression qualification under NORSOK M-710 has been completed.
Offshore optical-fiber and control cable jacketing lines use CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 where abrasion resistance, low-temperature impact, and low moisture absorption are required for outer sheaths exposed to deck handling and seawater spray. Compliance for cable outer sheaths is tested under IEC 60794-1-21 for mechanical crush and tensile performance; flame-retardant variants are assessed through IEC 60332-1-2, and environmental stress-cracking resistance is screened using ASTM D1693. The addition ratio in the sheath compound is 100 parts PA12; a UV-stabilized black jacket uses a carbon black masterbatch at 2.0–2.5 wt%, and light-colored constructions may use 3.0–5.0 wt% titanium dioxide masterbatch. The production line is a pressure-extrusion sheath line with a 25:1–30:1 L/D barrier screw; pre-drying is conducted at 80 °C for 5 h to ≤0.08 wt% moisture. Melt temperature is regulated between 215 °C and 250 °C, and warm-water cooling at 40–60 °C reduces residual stress and minimizes post-shrinkage in jacket walls of 0.8–1.5 mm. Field data show that line speeds above 40 m/min on thin-walled jackets can produce outer-diameter fluctuation greater than ±0.05 mm unless the vacuum sizer and capstan speed are controlled through closed-loop feedback. Terminal products include subsea optical fiber cable outer sheaths, dynamic control cable jackets, and railway signaling cable sheathing. Continuous immersion in water above 60 °C without hydrolysis-stabilized PA12 grades is outside the proven operating boundary.
Within powder-bed fusion, the process window for PA12 is governed by powder particle size distribution, melt enthalpy, and the ratio of fresh to recovered powder; these variables determine the usable build chamber temperature and laser energy density. The compliance framework for machine qualification and material specification is ISO/ASTM 52921-13 and ASTM F3091/F3091M-14, supported by mechanical testing per ASTM D638-14 and density per ISO 1183-1:2019. The addition ratio in the powder bed is commonly maintained at 30–50 wt% virgin PA12 blended with recovered powder; flow additives such as fumed silica are applied at 0.05–0.2 wt% to improve spreading. Excessive recycled content above 50 wt% typically reduces elongation at break by 15–20% and narrows the sintering window by 2–3 °C because the recovered powder undergoes chain extension and crystallinity shifts. Production equipment uses a CO₂ laser with wavelength 10.6 µm, layer thickness of 0.10–0.12 mm, build chamber temperature of 165–175 °C, laser power of 25–50 W, and scan speed of 5–10 m/s; energy density is controlled between 0.05 J/mm² and 0.10 J/mm². Batch-to-batch melt flow variation in PA12 powders can shift optimal energy density; operators adjust scan speed in 0.5 m/s increments to avoid warpage or porosity. Terminal products are functional fluid manifolds, assembly fixtures, low-volume electronic housings, and ductwork prototypes.
For intravascular catheter shaft and balloon-tubing production, CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 is selected where thin-wall extrusion with consistent inner lumen diameter and low moisture swell are required. Biocompatibility is evaluated under ISO 10993-1:2018, with cytotoxicity and sensitization data compiled under USP <88> Class VI for patient-contacting components; catheter performance is validated against ISO 10555-1. The addition ratio for the base catheter shaft is frequently 100% PA12 without plasticizer; when radiopaque marker-filled tubing is required, 20–30 wt% barium sulfate or 30–40 wt% tungsten-filled PA12 compounds are selected, although published data for CENTROMID 12 in this filled configuration is limited and must be confirmed for the specific device. Microextrusion is performed on a 19–25 mm single-screw extruder with a crosshead die and vacuum sizing tank; melt temperatures are maintained between 210 °C and 240 °C, and draw ratios of 1.5:1 to 3.0:1 are applied to control tensile orientation. Die land lengths below 2.0 mm can produce flow-induced inner-surface defects in thin-walled catheter shafts. Subsequent balloon forming is conducted at 110–130 °C with axial orientation to set burst strength and compliance. Terminal products include angioplasty balloon catheter shafts, diagnostic catheter tubing, introducer sheaths, and pressure-monitoring lumens. PA12 is not suitable for long-term implantable applications unless chronic tissue contact testing under ISO 10993-6 demonstrates device-specific acceptability.
Injection molding of glass-fiber-reinforced CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 compounds is used for electrical connectors, sensor housings, and power-train-adjacent brackets where low moisture absorption and dimensional stability under thermal cycling are required. Mechanical data are determined per ISO 527-1 and ISO 75-1/-2; electrical insulation coordination is assessed per IEC 60664-1, and RoHS compliance is verified under 2011/65/EU for electrical and electronic components. The compound addition ratio is based on 30 wt% short glass fiber reinforcement with a heat-stabilizer package at 0.3–0.8 wt% and hydrolysis-stabilizer masterbatch at 0.5–1.0 wt%. Processing is performed on a modern injection molding machine with a 20:1 L/D three-zone screw and 2.0:1 compression ratio; melt temperature is controlled between 250 °C and 270 °C, and mold temperature is set to 70–90 °C to promote crystallization. Holding pressure is maintained at 50–70 MPa with back pressure of 0.5–1.0 MPa; screw speeds above 100 rpm increase fiber breakage and reduce tensile strength. Drying at 80 °C for 4–6 h to ≤0.10 wt% moisture is required before molding. Terminal products are automotive connector housings, battery cell spacers, industrial sensor bodies, and pneumatic valve bodies.
Table 1 consolidates the compliance matrices by application segment.
| Application segment | Governing standards | Conformance parameter |
|---|---|---|
| Automotive fluid-power tubing | SAE J844, ISO 7628-1, SAE J2260 | Burst pressure, low-temperature impact, permeation rate |
| Flexible pipe pressure sheath | API Spec 17J, ISO 13628-2, ISO 23936-1 | Collapse resistance, rapid gas decompression, sour fluid aging |
| Offshore cable sheathing | IEC 60794-1-21, IEC 60332-1-2, ASTM D1693 | Crush resistance, tensile strength, flame spread, stress cracking |
| Powder bed fusion of PA12 | ISO/ASTM 52921-13, ASTM F3091/F3091M-14, ASTM D638-14 | Dimensional accuracy, tensile strength, density |
| Intravascular catheter tubing | ISO 10993-1:2018, USP <88> Class VI, ISO 10555-1 | Cytotoxicity, intracutaneous reactivity, catheter pressure performance |
| Glass-fiber-reinforced injection molding | ISO 527-1, ISO 75-1/-2, IEC 60664-1 | Tensile modulus, heat deflection temperature, comparative tracking index |
Table 2 consolidates the addition ratios, processing equipment, and operational boundaries for the six application segments.
| Application segment | Addition ratio | Production equipment | Operational boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Automotive fluid-power tubing | 100 parts base resin; carbon black 2.0–3.0 wt% | 30:1 L/D grooved-feed single-screw extruder | Melt 230–255 °C; first zone above 215 °C to avoid melt fracture |
| Flexible pipe pressure sheath | 100% PA12; stabilizer 0.5–1.5 wt% | 90–150 mm crosshead extrusion line with melt pump | Pre-dry 80 °C for 4–6 h; melt 220–250 °C |
| Offshore cable sheathing | 100 parts PA12; carbon black 2.0–2.5 wt% or TiO₂ 3.0–5.0 wt% | 25:1–30:1 L/D pressure-extrusion sheath line | Jacket 0.8–1.5 mm; water cooling 40–60 °C |
| Powder bed fusion of PA12 | 30–50 wt% virgin blend; flow additive 0.05–0.2 wt% | CO₂ laser, layer 0.10–0.12 mm, chamber 165–175 °C | Energy density 0.05–0.10 J/mm²; recycled content below 50 wt% |
| Intravascular catheter tubing | 100% PA12 or 20–30 wt% BaSO₄ radiopaque compound | 19–25 mm microextruder with crosshead die | Melt 210–240 °C; draw ratio 1.5:1–3.0:1 |
| Glass-fiber-reinforced injection molding | 30 wt% glass fiber; stabilizer 0.3–1.0 wt% | 20:1 L/D three-zone injection screw | Melt 250–270 °C; mold 70–90 °C; screw speed below 100 rpm |
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CENTROPLAST CENTROMID 12 is a semi-finished polyamide 12 stock shape supplied in extruded and compression-moulded sheet, rod, and tube forms for precision machining. The base polymer is assigned the abbreviation PA12 under ISO 1043-1 and is distinguished from PA6 and PA66 by a lower amide-group density, which reduces equilibrium moisture uptake, lowers density, and modifies low-temperature impact response. Numerical data in the following application sections are class-typical unfilled PA12 values from ISO 16396-2-aligned datasets and published supplier literature; they are not a substitute for the current CENTROMID 12 grade-specific datasheet, which should be obtained from Centroplast Engineering Plastics GmbH before release of load-bearing designs.
Typical density for unfilled PA12 under ISO 1183-1 lies between 1.01 g/cm³ and 1.02 g/cm³. Water saturation under ISO 62 is approximately 1.1 % to 1.5 % by mass, and equilibrium moisture at 23 °C/50 % relative humidity is approximately 0.7 % to 0.8 %. These moisture levels are roughly one order of magnitude below saturation values for PA6 and PA66. Applications are therefore concentrated in machined fluid-handling components, food machinery guides, conveyor systems, and low-temperature moving parts where humidity-driven dimensional change must be controlled.
The difference follows from the ratio of amide groups to nonpolar methylene segments. Under ISO 62, unfilled PA12 reaches equilibrium water absorption in 23 °C water of approximately 1.1 % to 1.5 % by mass, whereas PA6 commonly exceeds 9 % and PA66 commonly falls between 7 % and 8.5 % at saturation. At 50 % relative humidity and 23 °C, PA12 equilibrates near 0.7 % to 0.8 %, while PA6 and PA66 equilibrate above 2.5 %. The lower absolute moisture content reduces dimensional change in service and after machining, but it does not eliminate moisture-induced property shift; tensile modulus and yield stress still decline from dry-as-machined to conditioned exposure.
Moisture diffusion in semi-finished sections is slow; through-thickness equilibration time scales with the square of thickness. In thick-walled components, the surface layer conditions more rapidly than the core, producing residual stress gradients that can affect flatness. For parts with tight tolerance, conditioning to the service humidity before final machining is therefore applied. This moisture behaviour is one of the main reasons PA12 is specified instead of PA6 or PA66 for parts with close-running clearances in wet or humid environments.
Under ISO 527-2 at 23 °C, dry-as-machined unfilled PA12 typically exhibits tensile yield stress near 40 MPa to 45 MPa, tensile elongation at yield around 5 % to 10 %, and tensile modulus between 1.4 GPa and 1.6 GPa. Conditioned at 50 % relative humidity, tensile modulus frequently decreases by 20 % to 30 % relative to dry values. Flexural modulus under ISO 178 is commonly reported at 1.2 GPa to 1.4 GPa for the dry state. Charpy notched impact under ISO 179-1/1eA is generally non-break at 23 °C and retains a notched impact value in the range of 4 kJ/m² to 6 kJ/m² at -30 °C, depending on notch geometry and conditioning. This low-temperature response is one of the primary differences from PA66, which may drop below 4 kJ/m² in the same test under identical conditioning.
Thermal benchmarks under ISO 75-2 and ISO 306 reflect the low glass transition temperature of PA12. Heat deflection temperature at 1.80 MPa is commonly between 50 °C and 60 °C; at 0.45 MPa it is near 115 °C to 125 °C. Vicat softening temperature under ISO 306/B50 is typically 140 °C to 155 °C, while the melting peak by ISO 11357-3 lies close to 176 °C. Continuous upper service temperature is load-dependent and should be limited to 80 °C to 90 °C for loaded structural parts; brief contact with hot oil or washdown media can exceed this only if stress is low.
| Property / Test method | Unfilled PA12 class-typical | PA6 dry | PA66 dry | POM-C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density, ISO 1183-1 | 1.01–1.02 g/cm³ | 1.12–1.15 g/cm³ | 1.13–1.15 g/cm³ | 1.39–1.41 g/cm³ |
| Water saturation, ISO 62 | 1.1–1.5 % | 9.0–10.5 % | 7.5–8.5 % | 0.5–0.8 % |
| Tensile yield stress, ISO 527-2 | 40–45 MPa | 70–85 MPa | 80–95 MPa | 60–70 MPa |
| Tensile modulus, ISO 527-2 | 1.4–1.6 GPa | 3.0–3.5 GPa | 3.0–3.4 GPa | 2.6–3.0 GPa |
| Charpy notched, 23 °C, ISO 179-1/1eA | Non-break / 5–8 kJ/m² | 5–7 kJ/m² | 5–8 kJ/m² | 6–8 kJ/m² |
| HDT 1.80 MPa, ISO 75-2 | 50–60 °C | 65–75 °C | 70–80 °C | 95–110 °C |
The table values are class-typical screening figures, not grade-specific certified values. The key comparative point for machined components is the trade-off: PA12 provides lower modulus and higher ductility than PA6 or PA66, while acetal provides higher heat deflection and tensile modulus but less low-temperature ductility.
Machining of CENTROMID 12 stock shapes is performed with sharp high-positive-rake carbide or polycrystalline diamond tools to limit frictional heating. Because PA12 thermal conductivity is low, local overheating at the tool tip can produce smeared surfaces, residual stress, and dimensional error after cooling. Stress relief annealing after rough machining is commonly carried out at 150 °C to 160 °C for a dwell time scaled to cross-section; slow cooling in the oven is required. Fusion welding by hot-gas, extrusion, or non-contact infrared methods is possible, but joint design should follow DVS 2205-1 or equivalent and weld surfaces should be dried to below 0.1 % moisture to prevent steam porosity. Adhesive bonding requires surface activation by plasma or corona after degreasing; solvent-borne primers are generally unnecessary for polyamide but must be validated for compatibility. Bond strength values vary by adhesive and surface preparation; published data for this specific configuration is limited. Production-scale PA12 extrusion of stock shapes commonly uses melt temperatures between 230 °C and 250 °C, with low-compression barrier screws in the range of 24D to 30D. Long residence times above 280 °C can cause thermo-oxidative chain scission, yellowing, and reduced impact resistance.
Moving components cut from CENTROMID 12 are used in cold environments because the polymer retains ductility below 0 °C. Under ISO 179-1/1eA, the notched impact energy at -30 °C is typically 4 kJ/m² to 6 kJ/m²; some datasets report non-break behaviour depending on moisture conditioning. This contrasts with PA66 and acetal, which may show brittle fracture under the same impact mode at low temperature. In dry sliding against polished steel, unfilled PA12 exhibits a dynamic coefficient of friction commonly below 0.40; this value rises with surface roughness, temperature above 60 °C, and contamination. Wear data obtained under ASTM G133 or ISO 7148-2 are application-specific; published data for this specific configuration is limited. Typical applications include gears, rollers, wear strips, cam followers, conveyor guide rails, and bushings in packaging and food machinery, where the material’s low moisture uptake reduces swell-induced clearance changes.
Resistance of CENTROMID 12 to chemical media is broad for aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, diesel and lubricating oils, greases, hydraulic fluids, and refrigerants at temperatures below the upper service limit. Unlike PA6 and PA66, PA12 has high resistance to aqueous chloride solutions, including zinc chloride, which can cause environmental stress cracking in shorter-chain nylons. This property is exploited in automotive and industrial clips, cable ties, and fluid-system components exposed to road salt or marine environments. Resistance is not unlimited: strong mineral acids such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric acid degrade the polymer; formic acid and phenols are aggressive solvents. Oxidizing media, including hydrogen peroxide and chlorine bleach, reduce molecular weight at elevated temperature. Continuous hot-water or steam exposure above 120 °C accelerates hydrolysis, so PA12 stock shapes are not recommended for sustained steam service. Swelling and stress cracking may occur in contact with certain polar organic solvents, especially at elevated temperature and under constant strain.
Food-contact compliance must be verified by grade and production lot. Unfilled PA12 compounds can be formulated to satisfy FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 and EU 10/2011 for specified food types and temperature limits, but not every stock shape is automatically compliant. RoHS and REACH declarations are supplier documents and should be obtained for the specific batch.
| Regulatory domain | Typical PA12 basis | Verification boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Food contact | FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 | Grade-specific, lot-specific, temperature and food simulant restrictions |
| Food contact, EU | EU 10/2011 | Overall migration limits under specified simulants; supplier declaration required |
| Drinking water | Local approvals, e.g., KTW-BWGL or WRAS | Specific product formulations only; not automatic |
| RoHS | Directive 2011/65/EU | Declaration covering the supplied stock shape batch |
| REACH | Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | SVHC declaration for the article |
Centromid 12 sheet, rod, and tube are supplied with manufacturer-specific dimensional tolerances that should be specified in procurement documents. For final machined dimensions, geometric tolerances are commonly assigned under ISO 2768-1 or ISO 286-2 depending on feature function. Because the material expands with temperature and moisture, a machining allowance of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm per side is often removed after conditioning or stress relief. Ultraviolet exposure degrades unpigmented PA12 over time; outdoor-use components should be produced only from UV-stabilized or carbon-black-filled stock. Storage before machining should be in sealed, dry conditions at 20 °C to 25 °C and below 60 % relative humidity to limit surface moisture absorption. Sharp threaded sections, undercuts, and thin walls in PA12 can deform under tool pressure; increased tool clearance and lower feed rates are required compared with brass or aluminium.
