| HS Code | 204592 |
| Material | High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) |
| Grade | GP100BK |
| Color | Black |
| Density | 0.958 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16 Kg | 10 g/10 min |
| Tensile Strength At Yield | 24 MPa |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 20 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 1000% |
| Flexural Modulus | 1100 MPa |
| Notched Izod Impact Strength 23 C | 50 J/m |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 126°C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 73°C |
| Shore D Hardness | 66 |
| Mold Shrinkage | 2.0% |
| Melting Point | 134°C |
| Environmental Stress Crack Resistance | >1000 h |
| Uv Stabilization | Yes |
As an accredited Braskem HDPE GP100BK factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Braskem HDPE GP100BK packaging: 25 kg polyethylene bags, palletized; also available in 1,000 kg bulk bags for industrial use. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Braskem HDPE GP100BK, 25 kg bags, palletized or floor-loaded in 20′ FCL; approximately 18–20 metric tons per container. |
| Shipping | Braskem HDPE GP100BK ships as non-hazardous thermoplastic resin pellets, typically in 25 kg PE bags, jumbo bags, or bulk trucks/railcars. Keep sealed, dry, and away from moisture, heat, and contaminants. No special DOT/IMDG placards required. Store in a cool, ventilated area; follow SDS and local regulations. Handle using standard PPE. |
| Storage | Store Braskem HDPE GP100BK in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, ignition sources, and strong oxidizers. Keep original packaging closed and palletized off the floor to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid prolonged UV exposure and excessive stacking. Maintain clean handling equipment and follow local regulations and supplier SDS recommendations. Do not store outdoors unprotected. |
| Shelf Life | Typically 12–24 months when stored sealed in original packaging, in a cool, dry, ventilated area, away from direct sunlight. |
Extrusion blow molding lines running Braskem HDPE GP100BK for UN-rated liquid hazardous goods packaging normally process the material as supplied, because the BK designation denotes a pre-compounded black compound that eliminates the need for converter-added carbon black masterbatch. The shop-floor formulation is therefore a binary blend of virgin GP100BK and closed-loop regrind derived from trimmed moil, rejected parisons, and start-up scrap; the practical upper limit for most converters is 20–30 wt% regrind, above which the reduction in high-molecular-weight tail lowers environmental stress crack resistance and creates inconsistent parison hang times on accumulator-head machines. Compliance for such packagings is anchored to 49 CFR 178.509, UN Chapter 6.1, and the ADR/RID/IMDG modal codes governing 1H2 jerricans and 1H1 tight-head drums. Production is performed on single-station or dual-station accumulator blow molders with extruder L/D ratios of 24:1–30:1, die head temperature held between 190°C and 210°C, mold temperature between 15°C and 30°C, and blow air pressure between 0.6 MPa and 0.9 MPa. Before shipment, containers are subjected to hydraulic pressure, drop, and leakproofness testing according to the packaging design type; batch-to-batch variance in regrind melt flow rate, measured by ISO 1133-1:2022 or ASTM D1238-20, should be tracked against the virgin baseline, while environmental stress crack resistance is checked by ASTM D1693-15. Surface moisture from warehouse condensation should be kept below 0.05 wt%; if opened sacks are exposed to relative humidity above 60%, a hopper dryer at 70°C for 1–2 h prevents surface splay. Terminal products include 5–60 L blow molded jerricans for agrochemical intermediates, 20–220 L tight-head drums, and open-head pails used in industrial liquid export packaging, where the black compound also provides opacity for light-sensitive contents.
Flat-die extrusion of black HDPE geomembrane from GP100BK shifts the critical control point from parison melt strength to carbon black dispersion uniformity and oxidative stabilization. The converter-side formula is 100% GP100BK for primary skin layers and up to 15–20 wt% clean edge trim regrind in the core, provided the regrind is vacuum-loaded and screened through 100/160/200 mesh breaker plates; adding external carbon black masterbatch to the extruder throat is not recommended because local overconcentration above 2.5 wt% creates carbon-rich gels that nucleate tearing along the calender grain. Compliance under GRI GM13 and ASTM D3350-21 requires the finished sheet to carry a carbon black dispersion rating of A-1 or A-2 per ISO 18553:2002, a density minimum of 0.940 g/cm³, and oxidative induction time above 100 min at 200°C when tested per ASTM D3895-19. Production is carried out on a vented single-screw extruder with L/D 30:1–36:1, a barrier screw, and a flat die with automatic die-bolt adjustment; melt temperature at the die entry is held between 210°C and 230°C, and the three-roll stack is set to deliver a polished or textured surface without surface oxidation. Typical downstream products include 1.5–2.5 mm smooth or textured geomembrane rolls for landfill liners, heap leach pads, ash pond closures, and secondary containment basins, with field seams welded by wedge fusion or hot-air fusion.
Corrugated black HDPE conduit produced from Braskem HDPE GP100BK is governed by ASTM F2160 and, where electrical raceway performance is involved, NEMA TC 7 and UL 651A. The converter formulation is typically 75–85 wt% virgin GP100BK and 15–25 wt% closed-loop regrind from corrugator start-up tails and punch-out bellows, with regrind restricted to material from the same black compound to prevent melt fracture at the corrugating nip. Converter-added processing lubricants are generally not used; if a temporary release aid is needed, it must be cleared with the corrugator vacuum supplier because overspray reduces block grip and causes web flutter. Production uses a grooved-feed single-screw extruder with L/D 24:1–30:1, a pin-insert corrugator with water-cooled aluminum blocks, and melt temperatures of 190–225°C measured in the adapter. Corrugator vacuum is normally set between 5 kPa and 12 kPa; when regrind exceeds 25 wt%, operators observe more frequent block chatter and vacuum loss because the lower molecular weight fraction thins the web before the blocks close. Terminal products include single-wall corrugated HDPE duct in 25–150 mm inside diameters for underground fiber optic runs, low-voltage cable, and drainage ducts.
| Application sector | Primary standard | Critical test method | Operating boundary |
|---|---|---|---|
| UN hazardous goods packaging | 49 CFR 178.509; UN Chapter 6.1 | ASTM D1693-15 ESCR; hydrostatic pressure test | Regrind ≤ 30 wt% |
| Geomembrane sheet | GRI GM13; ASTM D3350-21 | ASTM D3895-19 OIT; ISO 18553:2002 dispersion | Carbon black dispersion A-1 or A-2 |
| Corrugated conduit | ASTM F2160; UL 651A; NEMA TC 7 | Crush resistance; carbon black content | Regrind ≤ 25 wt% |
| Automotive fluid reservoirs | ISO 527-2:2012; ISO 175:2010 | Tensile retention after 1,000 h coolant immersion | Regrind ≤ 15 wt% if visible |
| Agrochemical containers | 49 CFR 178.509; 40 CFR Part 165 | Drop test; fluorinated layer mapping | Regrind ≤ 20 wt% |
| Fabricated storage tanks | ASTM D1998-21 | Weld hydrostatic test; spark test | No regrind in weld rod |
After cooling-water-aging validation, blow molded automotive reservoirs using GP100BK are converted without additional color concentrate because the black compound provides UV opacity and consistent weld-line visibility under ultrasonic leak testing. The material ratio is 100% GP100BK or up to 15 wt% dried closed-loop regrind where the OEM has approved the use of regrind in non-visible fluid reservoirs; higher regrind levels produce surface roughness that fails automatic vision inspection and reduces drop-impact performance at the pinch seam. Compliance is established through ISO 527-2:2012 tensile property retention after 1,000 h immersion in 50/50 ethylene glycol/water at 90°C per ISO 175:2010, ISO 180:2019 Izod impact at -30°C, and OEM-specific thermal cycling between -40°C and 120°C for radiator overflow vessels. Production uses shuttle-type extrusion blow molders with parison programmer and cryogenic deflashing; melt temperature remains between 190°C and 210°C, mold temperature between 10°C and 25°C, and blow air pressure at 0.6–0.8 MPa. Finished components include windshield washer reservoirs, headlamp washer bottles, coolant reserve tanks, and auxiliary fluid containers with wall thickness from 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm.
Fluorinated Braskem HDPE GP100BK containers for agricultural chemical packaging are produced by extrusion blow molding followed by inline surface fluorination using 0.1–1.0% fluorine in nitrogen at a partial pressure of 0.1–0.5 bar; the barrier layer is typically 10–30 µm thick, but published data for this specific black compound is limited, and barrier depth must be confirmed by ESCA or cross-sectional fluorine mapping. The converter formulation is 100% GP100BK with no post-consumer material; closed-loop regrind is restricted to 10–20 wt% because the fluorination step does not repair microcracks or pinholes generated by degraded regrind at the pinch line. Compliance is governed by 49 CFR 178.509 for UN 1H1/1H2 packagings, UN Chapter 6.1, and 40 CFR Part 165 for pesticide container integrity in the United States. Processing on accumulator or continuous shuttle blow molders is followed by an inline fluorination chamber operating at 50–80°C; fluorine concentration and dwell time are held below the threshold where internal surface embrittlement reduces drop performance. Terminal products include 1–20 L monolayer HDPE jugs and jerricans for emulsifiable concentrates, herbicide formulations, and pesticide intermediates.
Large black HDPE storage tanks fabricated from GP100BK sheet or pipe stock are built under ASTM D1998-21, which sets minimum wall thickness and design stress criteria for atmospheric upright tanks. The shop-floor formulation is 100% GP100BK for the base plate, shell sheets, and welding rod, with no regrind allowed in the weld rod because oxidized granulate reduces interfacial chain diffusion during hot-gas welding. Fabrication employs hot-gas welding at 200–280°C with single-V or double-V weld geometry, butt fusion of sheets at 0.15–0.25 MPa interfacial pressure, and extrusion welding for fillet joints; weld seams are spark-tested or vacuum-box tested before hydrostatic filling. Because GP100BK is converted primarily by blow molding and sheet extrusion, rotational molding is outside the grade’s normal processing window; closed cylindrical shells are typically formed by spiral winding or rolled sheet with welded laps. Terminal products include vertical cylindrical tanks for agricultural water, secondary containment sumps, sludge holding vessels, and custom rectangular hoppers; structural calculations are carried out according to ASTM D1998-21, with a design stress normally not exceeding 4–5 MPa at 23°C for long-term atmospheric service.
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Braskem HDPE GP100BK is a black high-density polyethylene grade supplied as pelletised, carbon-black-loaded resin for continuous extrusion of pressure pipe and industrial conduit. Producer technical literature positions the grade within the PE 100 long-term hydrostatic strength class under ISO 9080, in which the lower-prediction-limit hoop stress at 20 °C and 50 years is 10.0 MPa. Typical published values include a density of 0.956–0.961 g/cm³ under ASTM D1505, melt flow rate in the band of 0.2–0.4 g/10 min at 190 °C/5.0 kg under ASTM D1238, and carbon black content between 2.0 wt% and 2.5 wt% under ASTM D1603. The material is used where slow crack growth resistance, long-term creep rupture strength, and outdoor UV endurance govern service life rather than thin-wall moulding cycle time.
The separation is not primarily density; both products fall near 0.960 g/cm³. The operational difference arises from molecular weight distribution and additive package. GP100BK is a high-molecular-weight, broadly distributed pipe-grade resin with long relaxation times. Under ASTM D1238 at 190 °C/5.0 kg, melt flow rate remains below 0.4 g/10 min, whereas general-purpose injection-moulding HDPE typically ranges from 8 g/10 min to 20 g/10 min at 190 °C/2.16 kg. Slow crack growth resistance measured by ASTM D1693 F50 exceeds 1000 h in 10% Igepal, while injection grades often fail before 10 h. The black pigmentation is functional; carbon black concentration between 2.0 wt% and 2.5 wt% under ASTM D1603 provides weathering protection rather than cosmetic colouring.
| Property | Braskem HDPE GP100BK | General-purpose injection HDPE | HDPE blow-moulding grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melt flow rate | 0.2–0.4 g/10 min, 190 °C/5.0 kg, ASTM D1238 | 8–20 g/10 min, 190 °C/2.16 kg, ASTM D1238 | 0.3–1.0 g/10 min, 190 °C/2.16 kg, ASTM D1238 |
| Density | 0.956–0.961 g/cm³, ASTM D1505 | 0.958–0.965 g/cm³, ASTM D1505 | 0.952–0.957 g/cm³, ASTM D1505 |
| Tensile yield stress | 24–27 MPa, ASTM D638 | 25–30 MPa, ASTM D638 | 22–26 MPa, ASTM D638 |
| Environmental stress crack resistance, F50, 10% Igepal | >1000 h, ASTM D1693 | <10 h, ASTM D1693 | 50–300 h, ASTM D1693 |
| Long-term pressure rating | MRS 10 MPa, ISO 9080 | Not rated | Not rated |
Single-screw grooved-feed extruders with 30:1 L/D and a barrier screw are specified for pipe extrusion of GP100BK. Melt temperatures should be maintained between 210 °C and 230 °C; operation below 200 °C can leave unmelted high-molecular-weight fractions that generate gels, while temperatures above 240 °C promote thermo-oxidative chain scission and carbon black agglomeration. Barrel set-points are typically 180–190 °C in the feed zone, 210–220 °C in the compression zone, and 220–230 °C in the metering zone. A gear pump after the screen pack is recommended to hold die-head pressure variation to ±0.5 MPa. Screen packs of 20/60/100 mesh are used to filter carbon black agglomerates; excessive back-pressure from fine screens can raise melt temperature by 5–10 °C. Pre-drying at 80 °C for 2 h is required when pellet surface condensation occurs at relative humidity above 60%, because entrained moisture produces surface pitting on extruded pipe.
The principal processing conflict is that the same high molecular weight giving PE 100 slow crack growth resistance also generates viscous dissipation. On a 60 mm extruder, screw speeds above 80 rpm can produce melt temperatures above the 240 °C degradation threshold even when barrel set-points remain within specification. An immersion thermocouple at the adapter should be used rather than an infrared probe or barrel-zone readout. Worn screw clearance above 0.5 mm on a 60 mm screw reduces melting homogeneity and increases carbon black dispersion defects measured under ISO 18553. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; commissioning should be controlled against producer start-up guidance.
Plants that alternate between GP100BK and natural PE100 require a dedicated purge protocol. Carbon black residuals can persist for several hours, producing black streaks in unpigmented pipe. The black grade’s higher melt elasticity at the die also increases die swell relative to natural PE100 of equivalent MRS class. Die gaps of 1.3–1.5× finished wall thickness are maintained; smaller gaps raise orientation at the inner wall and can reduce notched pipe test results under ISO 13479. Back-pressure typically rises by 5–10% when switching from natural to black at constant screw speed. Extruder amperage should be monitored to avoid over-torque. Published data for this specific configuration is limited.
The PE 100 classification of GP100BK is validated through long-term internal pressure testing according to ISO 1167 and extrapolation under ISO 9080. A PE 100 resin must demonstrate hoop stress of 10.0 MPa at 20 °C for 50 years without brittle failure. Slow crack growth resistance is evaluated by accelerated ESCR under ASTM D1693; values above 1000 h in 10% Igepal are typical for the grade. Notched pipe testing under ISO 13479 and rapid crack propagation resistance under ISO 13477 serve as secondary fitness-for-purpose checks. Poor carbon black dispersion produces stress concentrations that reduce hydrostatic life even when short-term tensile data appear acceptable. Tensile yield stress of 24–27 MPa under ASTM D638 and elongation at break above 800% are therefore not sufficient predictors of 50-year pressure performance.
Carbon black dispersion in GP100BK is not a cosmetic variable. Under ISO 18553, the dispersion rating is determined on microtomed extruded specimens; ratings of ≤3 are generally required for pressure pipe. A dispersion defect cluster greater than 100 µm can initiate a brittle crack under hoop stress. Because the grade contains 2.0–2.5 wt% carbon black under ASTM D1603, the extruder must fully homogenise the carbon black masterbatch within the high-molecular-weight matrix. Poor mixing is not recoverable downstream; regrind incorporation should be limited unless validated on full pipe sections. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, but barrier-screw geometry and melt pump pressure stability are the dominant controls.
Compliance positions for potable water and gas service are plant-specific and depend on extrusion line validation, not merely resin certification. The following checklist summarises test method positions that a processor should close out before release.
| Requirement | Standard or method | Loaded condition |
|---|---|---|
| Long-term hydrostatic strength | ISO 9080 | MRS 10 MPa at 20 °C, 50 years |
| Short-term mechanical testing | ASTM D638, ASTM D790, ASTM D256 | PE 100 class envelope |
| Carbon black dispersion | ISO 18553 | Rating ≤3 |
| Oxidative induction time | ASTM D3895 | ≥20 min at 200 °C |
| UV stabilisation | ASTM D2565 | Retention of elongation after 2000 h |
| Potable water contact | NSF/ANSI/CAN 61 | Requires plant-specific certification |
For potable water pipe, certification to NSF/ANSI/CAN 61, EN 1622, or equivalent national health approvals must be confirmed for the specific production lot and pipe extrusion plant. HDPE pipes are susceptible to oxidative degradation in chlorinated water; chlorine residuals above 3 mg/L at elevated temperature can accelerate inner-wall oxidation and reduce time to failure. Carbon black on the outer surface protects against UV weathering under ASTM D2565 but does not provide internal oxidant resistance. Oxidative induction time under ASTM D3895 at 200 °C should be measured; values below 20 min indicate antioxidant depletion. When continuous chlorine residual exceeds 2 mg/L, design pressure and wall thickness should be reviewed against ISO 4427 and ISO 21307 curves. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; pressure derating factors must be obtained from the pipe manufacturer.
Compared with lower-density PE80 black pipe grades, GP100BK is specified for higher long-term stress and thinner wall dimensions. The density band of 0.956–0.961 g/cm³ reduces wall thickness at constant pressure rating relative to PE80 materials, but the higher melt viscosity requires more robust extruder torque capacity and closer temperature control. When compared with higher-flow carbon-black masterbatch compounds used in corrugated drainage pipe, GP100BK retains a broader molecular weight distribution that improves slow crack growth resistance measured under ASTM D1693 at the expense of line speed and melt throughput. This trade-off is the central selection criterion: pressure pipe operations prioritise 50-year hydrostatic strength over kilograms per hour.
At installation temperatures below -30 °C, rapid crack propagation resistance under ISO 13477 becomes the limiting design condition. A PE 100 black pipe that passes slow crack growth testing at 20 °C can still fail by rapid crack propagation in unpressurised impact events below the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. The carbon black dispersion level, rated under ISO 18553, affects this transition; ratings outside producer specification require rejection of the pipe lot. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, and low-temperature installation trials should be conducted on full pipe sections.
