| HS Code | 886620 |
| Material Type | High-density polyethylene (HDPE) |
| Grade | PE100 |
| Color | Black |
| Form | Pellets |
| Density | 959 kg/m³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 5 Kg | 0.23 g/10 min |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 21 6 Kg | 6.5 g/10 min |
| Tensile Modulus | 1000 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 24 MPa |
| Tensile Strain At Break | >600% |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C | 15 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 30 C | 10 kJ/m² |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 125°C |
| Melting Temperature | 130°C |
| Oxidation Induction Time 200 C | >20 min |
| Carbon Black Content | 2.25% |
| Moisture Content | <0.02% |
| Volatile Content | <0.05% |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.4 W/mK |
| Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion | 1.5E-4 /°C |
| Dielectric Constant | 2.3 |
| Volume Resistivity | >1E14 Ω·cm |
| Water Absorption | <0.01% |
| Hardness Shore D | 60 |
As an accredited Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H packaging: 25 kg polyethylene bags, stacked on pallets and stretch-wrapped for transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H is packed in 25 kg bags and loaded into 20′ FCL containers, typically 18–20 metric tons per container. |
| Shipping | Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H is supplied as non-hazardous polyethylene pellets, typically in 25 kg bags, octabins, or bulk. Store and transport in dry, clean conditions, away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture, as per standard polymer handling and local regulations. No special dangerous goods classification; maintain package integrity and avoid contamination. |
| Storage | Store Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse at ambient temperature, away from direct sunlight, heat, flames, and incompatible chemicals. Keep original bags or containers tightly closed on pallets to prevent moisture, dust, odor, and contamination. Avoid prolonged UV exposure, excessive stacking, and physical damage. Observe good housekeeping, FIFO stock rotation, and the manufacturer’s SDS recommendations. |
| Shelf Life | Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H shelf life: 2 years when stored dry in original unopened packaging below 50°C, protected from direct sunlight. |
For municipal potable water transmission mains, Borealis HE3496-LS-H is delivered as a ready-to-use black compound with a PE 100 classification under ISO 12162:2009. The governing product framework is EN 12201-1:2011 supplemented by ISO 4427-1:2019, while EN 12201-2:2011 controls pipe dimensions and EN 12201-5:2011 governs fitness for purpose. Carbon black content is maintained at 2.0–2.5 wt%, satisfying the UV stabilization requirement in these standards, with carbon black dispersion assessed under ISO 18553 and a maximum dispersion index of 3. The compound is used at 100 wt% as supplied without additional carbon black masterbatch. Clean in-house regrind generated from the same grade is limited to 10 wt%; higher fractions require hydrostatic re-qualification under ISO 1167 because slow crack growth resistance is sensitive to reprocessing-induced oxidation. Extrusion is performed on a single-screw grooved-feed extruder with an L/D ratio of 30–36:1, a barrier screw, and a melt pump. Melt temperature is maintained at 190–230 °C, with die head temperature at 200–220 °C. Melt temperatures above 230 °C accelerate depletion of the thermal stabilizer package and can lower oxidation induction time below the 20 min threshold at 210 °C measured under ISO 11357-6. Vacuum sizing and spray cooling stabilize outer diameter. Terminal products include SDR 11, SDR 13.6, and SDR 17 pipe from 110 mm to 1600 mm nominal diameter for buried potable water distribution and transmission, joined by butt fusion or electrofusion.
Tubing in this category is designed around a minimum required strength of 10 MPa at 20 °C for 50 years per ISO 9080. Slow crack growth resistance is verified under ISO 13479 with acceptance commonly set at no brittle failure before 500 h at 80 °C and 4.0 MPa hoop stress. Rapid crack propagation resistance under ISO 13477 is part of the EN 12201 fitness-for-purpose test sequence. These tests are material-class criteria rather than product-specific export documentation; compliance is established by the pipe producer, not by the resin supplier alone.
| Property | Typical value | Test standard |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 959 kg/m³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Melt flow rate at 190 °C, 5 kg load | 0.24 g/10 min | ISO 1133-1 |
| Tensile modulus | 1100 MPa | ISO 527-2 |
| Tensile stress at yield | 25 MPa | ISO 527-2 |
| Notched Charpy impact at −30 °C | 12 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Carbon black content | 2.0–2.5 wt% | ISO 6964 |
| Oxidation induction time at 210 °C | >20 min | ISO 11357-6 |
Large-diameter thick-wall pipe extrusion imposes a sag-driven processing limit that becomes measurable when wall thickness exceeds 40 mm. For DN 1000 and larger pipe in SDR 11 or SDR 13.6, the low-sag characteristic of HE3496-LS-H changes the cooling balance in the calibration zone. Pipe wall thickness above 40 mm retains heat at the mid-wall, and the gravitational force on the molten outer annulus causes visible radial wall-thickness drift if the compound has insufficient melt strength. This grade is formulated for large-diameter thick-wall water and raw water transmission pipelines under ISO 4427-2:2019 and EN 12201-2:2011. No sag-control masterbatch or external rheology modifier is required; the compound is processed at 100 wt% as supplied. Carbon black content remains at 2.0–2.5 wt%, and regrind is further restricted to 5 wt% in wall-thickness classes above 50 mm because even minor oxidative degradation can reduce melt extensibility and elevate slow crack growth risk. Extrusion lines for this category typically use a 120 mm grooved-feed single-screw extruder with a 38:1 L/D ratio, a die head designed for low residence time, and a haul-off capable of controlling tension without stretching the soft inner wall. Melt temperature is kept at 200–220 °C, and the first vacuum calibration tank is operated at 30–40 °C water temperature, followed by staged spray cooling to avoid frozen-in stress. Terminal products are thick-wall water transmission pipes, usually DN 800–1600 mm, with SDR 11–17, used for trunk mains, raw water lines, and penstocks where internal pressure and soil load require long-term creep resistance.
In desalinated water distribution and drinking water networks disinfected with chlorine dioxide, HE3496-LS-H is applied where residual disinfectant is maintained below 0.3 mg/L and pipe surface temperature is below 25 °C. The oxidative species attacks the antioxidant package and the amorphous tie chains of PE 100 if temperature and residual concentration exceed the design envelope. Published data for long-term chlorine dioxide resistance of this specific configuration is limited; design practice therefore follows ISO 4427-1:2019 for system design and local potable water contact regulations such as NSF/ANSI/CAN 61, with material validation via elevated-temperature immersion testing under ISO 4433. The addition ratio remains neat resin at 100 wt%, with carbon black at 2.0–2.5 wt%. No antioxidant masterbatch is added at the pipe extruder because the compound already contains the required thermal stabilizer, and the introduction of a secondary antioxidant type can alter extraction behavior in drinking water service. Regrind is normally limited to 10 wt%, but for chlorine dioxide service the limit is frequently reduced to 0 wt% to avoid localized points of oxidation initiation. Processing follows single-screw extrusion with melt temperatures between 190–220 °C. Butt fusion welding parameters must ensure that bead geometry is not overheated, because oxidized weld beads reduce chlorine resistance in the fused zone. Terminal products are SDR 17 and SDR 21 desalinated water conveyance pipes and disinfected potable water distribution pipes, generally DN 200–800 mm.
HE3496-LS-H pipe is used in industrial effluent drainage and chemical transfer where the fluid may contain acids, alkalis, and organic solvents at low concentration. The governing design framework is ISO 12162:2009 for PE 100 classification, supplemented by ISO/TR 10358 chemical resistance tables for thermoplastics piping. The compound is metered into the extruder without filler or plasticizer; the carbon black loading remains 2.0–2.5 wt%, and neither calcium carbonate nor calcium stearate masterbatch is permitted because inorganic fillers reduce slow crack growth resistance and can narrow the chemical resistance envelope. Regrind is limited to 10 wt% for non-potable industrial effluent, but for mixed-solvent streams the limit is lowered to 5 wt% to avoid localized embrittlement. The extrusion process uses a single-screw grooved-feed machine with a melt filtration screen pack at 80–120 mesh to retain unmelted gel particles. Melt temperature is 200–230 °C; a vacuum calibration tank with −0.2 bar to −0.4 bar vacuum stabilizes the outer diameter. Terminal products include industrial drainage pipes, plant effluent headers, chemical transfer lines, and acid waste collection pipe in SDR 11, SDR 17, and SDR 21, with jointing by butt fusion or flange adapters. Solvent-based adhesive joints are not used; the pipe system is welded.
Mining slurry transport with PE 100 piping typically applies an abrasion de-rating factor to the hydrostatic design basis rather than a separate slurry-specific pressure rating. In copper, gold, and coal tailings lines, HE3496-LS-H is extruded into thick-wall SDR 11 pipe for solids-laden water where continuous abrasion, impact from suspended particles, and pressure cycling occur together. There is no single global ISO standard for polyolefin slurry pipe; engineering practice uses ISO 4427-1:2019 for wall thickness selection, ISO 9080 for the hydrostatic design basis, and ISO 13477 rapid crack propagation test data to establish the minimum safe operating pressure. The compound is processed neat at 100 wt% as supplied; carbon black content remains 2.0–2.5 wt%, and no abrasive mineral filler is added because high filler loadings reduce impact toughness and weldability. Regrind use is commonly limited to 5 wt% in slurry pipes with particle size above 1 mm, because reprocessed material can create micro-voids that accelerate erosion. Extrusion is performed on grooved-feed single-screw extruders with L/D 30–36:1 at melt temperatures 200–230 °C. The pipe is butt-fused using 225 mm to 315 mm welding machines with indexers for long pipe strings. Terminal products include tailings transport pipe, process water return pipe, and dredge discharge pipe, typically DN 200–1200 mm, often with thicker walls than water mains of the same pressure class.
Landfill leachate collection pipe made from HE3496-LS-H is specified where the fluid contains dilute organic acids, ammonia, and microbial metabolites at temperatures below 30 °C. The product is not a geomembrane; it is a pressure-capable pipe used in leachate drain and collection networks. Compliance is usually verified against ISO 4427-1:2019 for dimensions and hydrostatic strength, ISO 13479 for slow crack growth, and ISO 13477 for rapid crack propagation; local environmental regulations may impose additional chemical leachate compatibility testing. The formulation addition ratio remains neat resin at 100 wt%, with carbon black at 2.0–2.5 wt%; no post-extrusion antioxidant additive is required, and regrind is capped at 5 wt% due to the aggressive chemical environment. Pipe extrusion uses a single-screw grooved-feed extruder with melt temperature 200–225 °C, vacuum calibration, and air cooling as needed to maintain dimensional stability. Terminal products include perforated leachate collection pipe, non-perforated leachate transfer risers, and condensate drain lines in SDR 11 or SDR 17, generally DN 110–630 mm.
| Application class | Maximum regrind | Carbon black content | Melt temperature range | Typical wall or SDR class |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Potable water transmission mains | 10 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 190–230 °C | SDR 11–17, DN 110–1600 mm |
| Large-diameter thick-wall trunk mains | 5 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 200–220 °C | wall >40 mm, SDR 11–17 |
| Desalinated water and chlorine dioxide service | 0–10 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 190–220 °C | SDR 17–21 |
| Industrial effluent and chemical transfer | 5–10 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 200–230 °C | SDR 11–21 |
| Mining slurry transport | 5 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 200–230 °C | SDR 11, thick wall |
| Leachate collection networks | 5 wt% | 2.0–2.5 wt% | 200–225 °C | SDR 11–17, DN 110–630 mm |
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Borealis HDPE HE3496-LS-H is a bimodal high-density polyethylene compound supplied in black pellet form for extrusion of pressure pipe. The resin is classified as PE100 under ISO 12162:2009, corresponding to a minimum required strength of 10.0 MPa at 20 °C for 50 years when assessed by the standard extrapolation method in ISO 9080:2022. Typical lot-release data include a density of 0.959 g/cm³ at 23 °C by ISO 1183-1:2019, a melt flow rate of 0.23 g/10 min at 190 °C under 5.0 kg and 9.0 g/10 min at 190 °C under 21.6 kg by ISO 1133-1:2022. The resulting melt flow ratio of approximately 39:1 reflects a broad molecular weight distribution. The compound is intended for pressure pipe systems in drinking water, wastewater, and industrial liquid conveyance. Gas-service suitability must be verified separately under ISO 4437, because not all potable-water pipe grades are automatically qualified for gas distribution.
| Property | Test method | Typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Density at 23 °C | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 0.959 g/cm³ |
| Melt flow rate at 190 °C / 5.0 kg | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 0.23 g/10 min |
| Melt flow rate at 190 °C / 21.6 kg | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 9.0 g/10 min |
| Tensile yield stress | ISO 527-2:2012 | 23 MPa |
| Tensile yield strain | ISO 527-2:2012 | 9 % |
| Oxidation induction time at 210 °C | ISO 11357-6:2018 | >20 min |
| Carbon black content | ISO 6964:2019 | 2.0–2.5 wt% |
The tabulated values are typical lot-release values and do not constitute specification limits. Batch acceptance is controlled by the manufacturer’s certificate of analysis and the applicable pipe system standard.
On a grooved-feed single-screw extruder with L/D 30:1–36:1, barrel set points for HE3496-LS-H are commonly maintained from 160–180 °C in the feed section to 200–210 °C in the metering section and spiral die. The target melt temperature at the die entrance is 190–210 °C. At melt temperatures below 185 °C, the high-molecular-weight fraction may increase die head pressure and produce surface melt fracture on thick-walled pipe. Above 210 °C, the low-sag advantage is reduced and the risk of thermo-oxidative degradation increases. Residence time in the extruder should be limited to less than 10 min at melt temperatures above 200 °C; longer hold-up consumes the phenolic stabilizer, and carbon black alone does not prevent molecular weight loss. Batch shifts in the high-molecular-weight fraction have been observed in production as die-pressure changes of 5–10 % at constant screw speed. Gravimetric dosing and closed-loop melt-pressure control are therefore preferred for wall-thickness consistency. Vacuum calibration is normally run with water at 15–30 °C. For wall thicknesses above 40 mm, stepwise cooling and longer calibration lengths are required to control residual thermal stress and diameter relaxation.
Long-term hydrostatic strength is controlled by slow crack growth in the pipe wall and rapid crack propagation at low temperatures. The bimodal molecular weight distribution increases the concentration of tie molecules in the high-molecular-weight fraction, which reduces the rate of crack propagation under sustained hoop stress. Slow crack growth resistance is evaluated on notched pipe samples under ISO 13479, while rapid crack propagation is measured with the S4 small-scale steady-state test under ISO 13477. The PE100 classification establishes a lower-bound long-term strength of 10.0 MPa at 20 °C for 50 years, but it does not by itself certify performance in rock impingement, point loading, or trenchless installation. Those service conditions require additional validation on the final pipe dimensions and installation method. In pressure-pipe design, the allowable hoop stress is derived by dividing the minimum required strength by the service coefficient specified in ISO 4427-2. For water supply, the design coefficient is typically 1.25, giving a design stress of 8.0 MPa at 20 °C.
Within the PE100 family, HE3496-LS-H is differentiated from standard PE100 grades by its molecular weight distribution and stabilizer package rather than by a large density difference. The density of 0.959 g/cm³ is close to that of other PE100 pipe compounds, and the tensile yield stress near 23 MPa is not a reliable indicator of long-term hydrostatic performance. Compared with PE80 grades, which have a minimum required strength of 8.0 MPa at 20 °C for 50 years, the PE100 classification allows higher design stress and therefore lower wall thickness for the same pressure class. For a nominal pressure class such as PN16, the wall thickness reduction available with PE100 relative to PE80 must be calculated from the pressure rating formula in ISO 4427-2, because dimensional ratios and service coefficients affect the final value. Substitution of HE3496-LS-H for another PE100 grade in an existing pipe production line should be supported by hydrostatic pressure testing on the production pipe dimensions. Slow crack growth response is geometry-dependent and cannot be inferred from melt flow rate alone.
Unimodal HDPE pipe resins achieve processability by reducing molecular weight, which limits the tie-molecule density available for slow crack growth resistance. The bimodal architecture of HE3496-LS-H separates these functions: a low-molecular-weight fraction provides shear thinning and extrusion output, while a high-molecular-weight fraction contributes to stress-crack resistance and sag control. This structural feature is measurable as a broad melt flow rate ratio between 21.6 kg and 5.0 kg, approximately 39:1. It also explains why the resin cannot be characterized by density alone. A conventional unimodal HDPE with the same density and melt flow rate would generally exhibit lower notched pipe test failure times and a lower critical pressure in S4 testing. Direct comparisons nonetheless require identical pipe geometry and test temperature because failure mechanisms shift with wall thickness.
Large-diameter thick-walled pipe extrusion imposes gravitational sag on the molten tube between the die exit and the calibration sleeve. The low-sag formulation of HE3496-LS-H is intended to extend stable wall-thickness control to larger diameters and lower standard dimension ratios. Sag appears in production as radial eccentricity, with the minimum wall thickness typically on the upper side of the pipe. It is amplified by melt temperature above 210 °C, long cooling distances, and slow line speed. For pipe diameters above 710 mm and standard dimension ratios below SDR 17, low-sag behavior can allow higher line speed while maintaining wall-thickness tolerances under ISO 4427-2. Production-scale experience indicates that die-head pressure and melt homogeneity are more sensitive to barrel temperature profile than to small changes in carbon black content. A spiral mandrel die with flow-channel geometry optimized for high-molecular-weight HDPE is recommended; stagnant zones in the die can generate carbon black agglomerates that appear as surface defects.
Fusion joining is performed by butt fusion, electrofusion, or socket fusion using the parameters defined in ISO 21307 and the fitting manufacturer’s procedure. The bimodal molecular weight distribution does not require a different heating-plate temperature, but the high-molecular-weight fraction can produce a wider melt bead than lower-viscosity PE100 grades. Joint qualification should therefore use the actual pipe and fitting combination under the pressure test requirements of EN 12201-5 or ISO 4427-5. Regrind from the same compound may be introduced into the pipe core only at levels validated by hydrostatic testing. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, so a universal maximum regrind level cannot be stated. External colorants, calcium-carbonate masterbatches, or reprocessed post-consumer HDPE are not recommended because they can reduce slow crack growth resistance and compromise the pipe classification.
The oxidation induction time measured by ISO 11357-6:2018 at 210 °C is used as a lot-release check on stabilizer activity. Typical values above 20 min indicate adequate residual stabilization for long-term pipe service at 20–40 °C. The carbon black content of 2.0–2.5 wt% by ISO 6964:2019 provides UV protection for outdoor storage and above-ground sections but does not prevent oxidative degradation at processing temperatures. Continuous service at elevated temperatures reduces the design stress. Derating factors in ISO 4427-1 apply above 20 °C, and operation above 60 °C falls outside the conventional scope of PE100 pressure pipe standards. Packaged material should be stored away from direct sunlight and below 50 °C. Unopened bags do not normally require pre-drying unless condensation is present on the pellet surface. If surface moisture is visible, drying at 70–80 °C for 2–4 h is usually sufficient before extrusion.
Conformance for potable-water applications is assessed under the pipe system standards ISO 4427-2 and EN 12201-2, together with national approval schemes such as NSF/ANSI 61 or KTW-BWGL where required. The resin does not carry an automatic universal drinking-water approval. The pipe manufacturer must verify that the current certificate of analysis and the finished pipe test records meet the regulatory requirements in the target market. For above-ground installations, carbon black stabilization permits outdoor storage, but the pipe should be protected from prolonged exposure to temperatures above 50 °C. In pressure derating terms, service temperatures between 30 °C and 40 °C require reduced design stress according to ISO 4427-1. The system designer is responsible for confirming that the final pipe system satisfies the pressure class, temperature, and installation conditions specified for the intended service.
