| HS Code | 732429 |
| Manufacturer | Borealis |
| Product Name | Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP |
| Polymer Type | High-density polyethylene (HDPE) |
| Pe Classification | PE100-RC |
| Mrs | 10.0 MPa |
| Color | Black |
| Form | Pellets |
| Density | 959 kg/m³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 5 0 Kg | 0.25 g/10 min |
| Tensile Modulus | 1100 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 25 MPa |
| Tensile Strain At Yield | 9% |
| Tensile Strain At Break | >600% |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C | 15 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 30 C | 8 kJ/m² |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 125°C |
| Oxidation Induction Time 200 C | >20 min |
| Carbon Black Content | 2.2% |
| Moisture Content | <0.02% |
| Processing Method | Extrusion |
As an accredited Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP is supplied in 25 kg moisture-resistant polyethylene bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped for secure industrial transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading for Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP: palletized 25 kg bags, shrink-wrapped, strapped, loaded in dry container, evenly distributed, secured. |
| Shipping | Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP is a non-hazardous, solid polyethylene resin, not classified as dangerous goods for transport. It ships in 25 kg bags or 1,000 kg octabins on pallets via truck or container. Keep dry, cool, and away from direct sunlight, heat, and contamination. |
| Storage | Store Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP in a cool, dry, clean, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, sparks, and ignition sources. Keep original packaging closed to prevent moisture, dust, and contamination. Stack pallets securely and follow first-in, first-out rotation. Avoid prolonged UV exposure and temperatures above 50°C. Do not store near strong oxidizers or incompatible materials. |
| Shelf Life | Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP: typical shelf life is 12 months from production when stored dry, cool, and protected from sunlight in original packaging. |
For potable water pressure mains, HE3494-LS-HP is handled as a ready-to-use bimodal high-density polyethylene PE100 compound. Classification under ISO 12162 assigns it a minimum required strength of 10 MPa at 50 years when long-term hydrostatic data are extrapolated according to ISO 9080. Density is determined as 0.959 g/cm³ by ISO 1183-1, and melt flow rate is recorded at 0.45 g/10 min under a 190 °C/5 kg load in ISO 1133-1. Carbon black content is controlled between 2.0 wt% and 2.5 wt% by ISO 6964, which stabilizes the pipe against outdoor ultraviolet exposure during storage and installation. The material’s broad bimodal molar mass distribution supplies the slow crack growth resistance required in buried water transmission networks.
Compliance for potable water pipe systems is anchored to ISO 4427-1:2019 and ISO 4427-2:2019, with European conformity assessed against EN 12201-1. Hygienic suitability for drinking-water contact is evaluated under EN 12873-1 and relevant national schemes such as AS/NZS 4020. Formulation addition ratio in this service is normally 100% virgin HE3494-LS-HP; own clean, dimensionally nonconforming pipe regrind may be introduced at a maximum of 10 wt% only when the line has closed-loop gravimetric blending and the regrind originates from the same certified PE100 compound. External post-consumer recyclate is excluded at 0 wt% because mixed stabilizer packages and uncharacterized contamination reduce slow crack growth margins. Downstream conversion uses single-screw extruders with grooved barrel feed sections, 30:1 to 36:1 L/D ratios, barrier screws, and static melt mixers before the melt pump. Barrel set points are held between 180 °C and 210 °C, the die-head zone between 205 °C and 220 °C, and die-exit melt temperature below 230 °C. Vacuum sizing is maintained at −0.02 MPa to −0.03 MPa, while cooling water is staged at 15 °C to 20 °C to suppress internal void formation in thick-wall sections. Terminal products include DN 32–1600 mm SDR 7.4, 9, 11, 13.6, and 17 pressure pipes; small diameters up to DN 110 mm are coiled, and larger diameters are cut into straight lengths of 6 m, 12 m, or 18 m.
| Conformity property | Standard | Test condition | Typical acceptance range |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE100 classification | ISO 12162 | long-term extrapolation | 10 MPa at 50 years |
| Carbon black content | ISO 6964 | as supplied | 2.0–2.5 wt% |
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 23 °C | 0.959 g/cm³ |
| Melt flow rate | ISO 1133-1 | 190 °C/5 kg | 0.45 g/10 min |
Gas distribution pipe manufactured from HE3494-LS-HP is subject to rapid crack propagation and slow crack growth criteria that are significantly more severe than those applied to potable water pipe. The compound supports pipes conforming to ISO 4437-1 and EN 1555-1, with long-term strength classification still governed by ISO 9080. Network operators commonly require rapid crack propagation resistance evaluated by the full-scale S4 test of ISO 13477 at 0 °C, and slow crack growth resistance by the notched pipe test of ISO 13479 at 80 °C under 4.0 MPa. Formulation addition ratio in gas-service extrusion restricts in-line rework addition to between 0 wt% and 10 wt%, and only when the regrind is generated from identical PE100 gas pipe compound and handled through gravimetric dosing. External recyclate, reprocessed film, or unqualified yellow masterbatch is excluded because even minor changes in stabilizer chemistry or pigment dispersion can alter S4 critical pressure values. The yellow stripe is introduced by co-extrusion from a separately approved PE100 yellow compound, not by dry blending a colorant into HE3494-LS-HP. Additional black masterbatch must not be added because carbon black content above 2.5 wt% promotes gel formation and destabilizes melt flow in the die land.
Production lines for gas service typically use 45–75 mm grooved-barrel extruders with 33:1 L/D, screw speeds between 60 min⁻¹ and 95 min⁻¹, and die-head pressures between 15 MPa and 25 MPa. Melt-temperature window is 195–220 °C, and ultrasonic wall-thickness scanning is placed after the vacuum calibrator. Field data from production-scale audits show that die-head pressure oscillation above ±1.5 MPa on small-diameter SDR 11 pipe can indicate viscoelastic flow instability that later appears as inner-wall melt fracture. Water-bath quenching must also be staged rather than shock-applied; residual hoop stress from water below 10 °C and die temperature above 220 °C can shift S4 rapid crack propagation results. Published data for this specific compound in full-scale S4 testing is limited; qualification must be repeated on the exact line, diameter, and SDR combination before gas-market release. Terminal products include black pipe with yellow co-extruded stripes, SDR 11 and 17, in DN 20–630 mm, supplied in coils up to DN 110 mm and straight lengths for larger diameters.
In mining dewatering, dredge discharge, and tailings transfer, HE3494-LS-HP is extruded into thick-wall pressure pipes that combine sustained internal pressure with erosive solid transport. The PE100 classification under ISO 12162 permits a design stress of 8.0 MPa at 20 °C for water; slurry service containing silt, fine ore, or coal tailings is typically pressure-derated by 20–30% based on slurry specific gravity, solids concentration, and flow velocity. Dimensional compliance commonly references ISO 4427-1, DIN 8074, or AS/NZS 4130; direct abrasion resistance is validated through field trials because no single ISO test method fully represents particle-laden service. Formulation addition ratio in the pressure-bearing layer is normally 100% virgin HE3494-LS-HP. In plants manufacturing walls above 20 mm, up to 15 wt% clean in-plant regrind from the same lot is gravimetrically dosed after drying to surface moisture below 0.02 wt%. Post-industrial recyclate from mixed PE100 sources is not used, because small stabilizer-package shifts can shorten notched pipe failure time below the 500 h threshold under ISO 13479.
Extrusion of DN 110–1200 mm slurry pipes with SDR 7.4–26 requires low haul-off speeds and staged cooling. A 90 mm grooved-feed extruder with 33:1 L/D is typically run with barrel zones at 185 °C to 205 °C, screw speed limited to 70–85 min⁻¹, and die-exit melt temperature kept between 195 °C and 210 °C to avoid melt sag in wall thicknesses above 40 mm. Gravimetric haul-off and dual-axis laser measurement keep wall eccentricity below 0.5% of nominal thickness. Terminal products include thick-wall pipes with butt-fusion-ready, flanged, or grooved ends for mine water, dredge lines, and coal slurry transfer; standard lengths are 6 m to 18 m.
| Pipe diameter | Screw diameter | Melt temperature | Haul-off speed |
|---|---|---|---|
| DN 110–250 mm | 60–75 mm | 195–210 °C | 1.2–2.5 m/min |
| DN 315–630 mm | 75–90 mm | 190–205 °C | 0.6–1.4 m/min |
| DN 710–1200 mm | 120–160 mm | 185–200 °C | 0.2–0.7 m/min |
Marine outfall, desalination intake, and underwater transmission pipelines impose the highest demand for slow crack growth resistance, low-temperature hydrostatic integrity, and creep stability under oscillating wave loading. HE3494-LS-HP is specified for these installations because its bimodal molar mass distribution and low-sag melt behavior permit extrusion of very thick pipe walls without gravity-driven drawdown after the die. Project specifications commonly reference ISO 4427-1 for pressure design, ISO 13477 for rapid crack propagation at service temperature, and ISO 9080 for long-term creep extrapolation. Formulation addition ratio for marine pipe bodies is held at 100% virgin HE3494-LS-HP; in-plant regrind is not permitted unless the project specification explicitly allows rework and the pipe producer revalidates notched pipe performance according to ISO 13479. This restriction is imposed because marine intake and outfall pipelines are designed for service lives beyond 50 years, and stabilizer package variation from regrind can reduce slow crack growth margins. Large-diameter production uses single-screw extruders with screw diameters from 120 mm to 160 mm, barrier screws, and spiral dies; die temperature is controlled at 190–210 °C to limit thermal oxidation during long residence time. The low-sag characteristic supports wall thicknesses above 100 mm at diameters above DN 1200 mm, but haul-off speed is reduced to 0.2–0.6 m/min for such profiles so that staged quenching avoids vacuum void formation. Pipe sections are butt-fused and weld strength is checked by ISO 13953 tensile testing. Terminal products include DN 500–2600 mm, SDR 26 to 41, long-length buoyant pipeline assemblies for desalination plants, sewage outfalls, and riverbed or seabed crossings.
Pressure sewer rising mains are extruded from HE3494-LS-HP where municipal wastewater is pumped under pressure from transfer stations to treatment plants. The pipe is selected for slow crack growth resistance under cyclic pressure loading and for compatibility with hydrogen sulfide headspace, though HDPE does not function as a sulfide barrier. Pressure rating is derived from ISO 4427-1, material conformity from EN 12201-1, and dimensional requirements in several markets from DIN 8074 or AS/NZS 5065. The long-term design stress at 20 °C is 8.0 MPa for PE100, but cyclic pump-start loads introduce a derating factor that can reach 0.5 depending on cycle count, pressure amplitude, and joint design. Formulation addition ratio for the pressure-bearing layer is 100% virgin HE3494-LS-HP. In-plant rework up to 10 wt% is accepted when generated from the same compound and delivered through closed-loop gravimetric blending; sewer-derived recyclate is prohibited because contaminants act as crack-initiation nuclei. Carbon black concentration remains 2.0–2.5 wt% by ISO 6964. Conversion lines for DN 110–800 mm use 75–120 mm grooved-feed extruders with 33:1 L/D, melt temperature 195–215 °C, and haul-off speeds from 0.3 m/min to 2.0 m/min depending on SDR. Because pump-station pressure oscillations occur at frequencies below 1 Hz, quality control includes ISO 13479 notched pipe testing at 80 °C/4.0 MPa to reject resin lots with insufficient slow crack growth resistance. Terminal products include SDR 11, 17, and 26 pressure mains with butt-fusion joints in DN 110–800 mm, supplied in 12 m or 18 m lengths.
Closed-loop geothermal heat-exchange circuits use PE100 pressure pipe because buried service imposes simultaneous exposure to circulating antifreeze fluid, moderate internal pressure, and long-term installation. HE3494-LS-HP is extruded into small-diameter SDR 11 and 13.6 coils for borehole U-bends and horizontal ground loops. Pressure-pipe dimensions follow ISO 4427-2, while system design is referenced in local ground-source heat pump guidance such as VDI 4640; material temperature resistance must be evaluated against the expected maximum circulating-fluid temperature. Formulation addition ratio is 100% virgin HE3494-LS-HP; in-line regrind from start-up or coil changeover is restricted to 5 wt% or less because geothermal coils are repeatedly bent and must not contain microgel clusters that shorten slow crack growth life. External recyclate is excluded at 0 wt%. Small-pipe lines use 50–75 mm single-screw extruders at melt temperatures between 195 °C and 215 °C. After vacuum calibration, coil winding requires consistent outer diameter; ovality of ≤0.2 mm across DN 20–63 mm is maintained by laser wall-thickness control. The pipe is not intended for continuous circulating-fluid temperatures above 40 °C without pressure derating; above 60 °C, HDPE long-term hydrostatic strength declines sharply and alternative resin selection is required. Terminal products include DN 20–63 mm SDR 11 U-bend loops, horizontal slinky coils, and header manifolds for ground-source heat pumps.
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Borealis HDPE HE3494-LS-HP is a fully formulated black bimodal high-density polyethylene compound intended for pressure pipe extrusion. The grade designation includes LS for low-sag behaviour and HP for high productivity in extrusion. It is classified as PE100 under ISO 12162, based on long-term hydrostatic strength data evaluated according to ISO 9080. The nominal density is 959 kg/m³ when measured by ISO 1183-2, the melt flow rate is 0.20 g/10 min at 190 °C under a 5 kg load by ISO 1133-1, and carbon black content is 2.0–2.5 wt% by ISO 6964. Tensile stress at yield is 23 MPa and tensile strain at break exceeds 600% under ISO 527-2. Oxidative induction time at 210 °C exceeds 20 min by EN 728. For water service at 20 °C, the PE100 minimum required strength of 10.0 MPa is divided by the service coefficient C = 1.25, giving an allowable design stress of 8.0 MPa. The corresponding pressure rating is calculated as PN = 2 σs / (SDR − 1); SDR 11 yields PN 16 and SDR 17 yields PN 10 for water at 20 °C. For service temperatures above 20 °C, the design stress is reduced according to derating factors in ISO 4427-1; at 40 °C a factor of approximately 0.8 and at 60 °C a factor of approximately 0.6 are typical for PE100. This gives effective allowable design stresses of approximately 6.4 MPa at 40 °C and 4.8 MPa at 60 °C for water.
Primary application areas are drinking water pressure mains, industrial water transport, and pressure sewer force mains. The compound is processed on single-screw extruders with grooved feed sections and barrier screws. Typical production extruders use an L/D ratio of 30:1–36:1. Barrel zone set points are generally 180–200 °C, adapter and die set points 190–210 °C, and melt temperature is maintained at 190–210 °C. The material does not require routine pre-drying. When pellets are moved from cold storage into a warm processing bay, surface condensation should be removed with ambient airflow or low-temperature surface drying at 60–80 °C; high-temperature drying is not necessary and may introduce unintended thermal history. At start-up, the extruder should be purged with high-viscosity HDPE before the grade is introduced to avoid carbon black deposition and unstable melt temperature. Incoming inspection for pipe production typically covers density, 5 kg MFR, carbon black content, and OIT. Density deviations greater than ±2 kg/m³ from the approved lot average can indicate resin or carbon black proportion changes. MFR deviations greater than ±0.02 g/10 min may shift extrusion pressure and should be investigated for sampling error or feedstock contamination. An OIT below 20 min can indicate antioxidant package degradation and requires separate thermal-history investigation.
In large-diameter thick-walled pipe, the molten tube sags under gravity between the die exit and the calibrator. Eccentricity measured after vacuum sizing is a production-scale indicator of sag; continuous ultrasonic wall gauging at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° is used to record wall-thickness distribution. HE3494-LS-HP is formulated with a high molecular-weight fraction that increases melt strength without lowering the 5 kg MFR to the low values typical of standard PE100. The grade therefore allows higher haul-off speeds on lines running 315 mm to 630 mm outside diameter pipe while retaining concentricity. Published data for a single quantitative sag-resistance value is limited because no ISO method defines sag for HDPE pipe compounds; the relevant validation is performed on the pipe itself. Processing trials on grooved-feed extruders show that output is eventually limited by shear heating. At screw speeds above the recommended range, melt temperature can exceed 220 °C and oxidative induction time can decline before visual degradation occurs. The die-head thermocouple should therefore be used as the primary control, and the set-point window should be maintained within ±3 °C during continuous production. Screw wear in the grooved feed and barrier sections decreases output and melt homogeneity; a loss of more than 10% output at constant screw speed may indicate wear in the grooved bushing. Melt pressure before the screen changer is monitored as a wear indicator.
The table below consolidates the principal datasheet values and associated test methods. These values are typical and are not to be interpreted as minimum or maximum release limits unless separately specified by the manufacturer.
| Property | Test method | Typical value | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-2 | 959 | kg/m³ |
| Melt flow rate, 190 °C/5 kg | ISO 1133-1 | 0.20 | g/10 min |
| Carbon black content | ISO 6964 | 2.0–2.5 | wt% |
| Tensile stress at yield | ISO 527-2 | 23 | MPa |
| Tensile strain at break | ISO 527-2 | >600 | % |
| Oxidative induction time, 210 °C | EN 728 | >20 | min |
| Minimum required strength | ISO 12162 | 10.0 | MPa |
PE100 classification is a long-term hydrostatic strength designation, not a short-term tensile property. ISO 12162 requires the lower confidence limit of predicted strength at 50 years and 20 °C to be at least 10.0 MPa. The predicted strength is obtained by regression analysis of pipe test results at 20 °C, 60 °C and 80 °C according to ISO 9080. For potable water, the finished pipe must additionally satisfy national drinking-water approvals such as NSF/ANSI 61, DVGW W 270, WRAS, ACS or KTW. These approvals are product-specific and are not automatically conferred by PE100 material classification alone. The carbon black content of 2.0–2.5 wt% supplies UV stabilisation; dispersion in finished pipe is assessed under ISO 18553.
| Parameter | Range | Production equipment note |
|---|---|---|
| Melt temperature | 190–210 °C | Die-head thermocouple |
| Barrel zone set points | 180–200 °C | Grooved-feed single-screw extruder |
| Adapter and die set points | 190–210 °C | Spiral mandrel die |
| Extruder L/D ratio | 30:1–36:1 | Barrier screw |
| Drying | Not routinely required | Surface condensation control at 60–80 °C if needed |
Unimodal PE100 resins of equivalent density may exhibit lower slow crack growth resistance because the high-MW fraction does not contain the same concentration of tie molecules. HE3494-LS-HP is produced with a bimodal molecular weight distribution: the low-MW fraction provides density, stiffness and processability, while the high-MW fraction contains the copolymer and forms tie molecules across lamellar boundaries. This architecture improves resistance to slow crack growth and environmental stress cracking compared with conventional unimodal PE100 at similar density. The distinction from lower-output Borealis grades is primarily rheological. Compared with HE3490-LS-H, which is characterised by a 5 kg MFR of approximately 0.12 g/10 min, HE3494-LS-HP has a higher MFR and is specified for higher-output thick-wall extrusion. The increase in MFR is not achieved by a broad molecular weight reduction that would compromise the high-MW tail, but by adjusting the low-MW fraction. Published data for direct cross-grade comparison of notched pipe test survival for this specific configuration is limited; selection should be confirmed by hydrostatic pressure testing of the finished pipe according to ISO 13479. Products requiring PE100-RC classification under ISO 12162 should refer to grades specifically designated as RC; this grade is supplied as PE100 without additional RC designation unless the pipe producer obtains separate validation.
Notched pipe testing under ISO 13479 uses four equally spaced external notches machined into the pipe wall and internal pressure at 80 °C in a water bath. The test accelerates slow crack growth and is more relevant to field performance than short-term burst testing. Notched pipe failure times are sensitive to notch depth, notch radius, and residual stress; comparative rankings therefore require identical specimen preparation and water-bath temperature control. At 80 °C, hydrostatic strength is no longer in the same design range as at 20 °C, but the test distinguishes grades with similar MRS values. Pipe producers using HE3494-LS-HP on large-diameter potable water lines should set lot acceptance based on a combination of OIT, MFR, density, and finished-pipe notched pipe test results from the specific line.
The material should not be blended with PE80, polypropylene or incompatible masterbatch components unless the resulting compound is re-qualified under ISO 9080, because the MRS classification of the blend may fall below 10.0 MPa. Regrind from the same compound can be reintroduced in pipe production, but external regrind of unknown origin should be limited to less than 10 wt% unless full slow crack growth and hydrostatic testing are repeated. Contamination with polyamide, EVOH or desiccant masterbatch can cause delamination at pipe weld lines. At melt temperatures above 220 °C, the risk of oxidative induction time loss increases; at melt temperatures below 190 °C, homogenisation and die-lip appearance may decline. Processing at production rates beyond the screw-speed envelope may result in flow instability, shark-skin melt fracture, or excessive melt-temperature overshoot.
