| HS Code | 946224 |
| Material Type | High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) |
| Density | 0.959 g/cm3 |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16 Kg | 0.2 g/10 min |
| Tensile Modulus | 1100 MPa |
| Tensile Stress At Yield | 25 MPa |
| Tensile Strain At Yield | 9 % |
| Tensile Strain At Break | >600 % |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength At 30 C | 10 kJ/m2 |
| Shore D Hardness | 60 |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 125 °C |
| Melting Temperature | 130 °C |
| Crystallization Temperature | 115 °C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.4 W/mK |
| Water Absorption | <0.01 % |
| Volume Resistivity | >1E15 ohm.cm |
| Dielectric Constant | 2.3 |
| Dissipation Factor | 2E-4 |
| Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion | 1.5E-4 1/°C |
As an accredited Borealis HDPE HE3453 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Borealis HDPE HE3453 is packaged in 25 kg polyethylene bags, palletized, stretch-wrapped, and labelled with product identification. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Borealis HDPE HE3453 20′ FCL loading: 18 pallets of 55 × 25 kg bags (24.75 MT), shrink-wrapped and securely stowed. |
| Shipping | Borealis HDPE HE3453 is shipped as non-hazardous thermoplastic pellets in moisture-barrier bags, 25 kg sacks, or 1,000 kg FIBCs on pallets. Keep dry, cool, ventilated, away from direct sunlight and ignition sources. Secure loads; avoid rupture and dust generation. Transport in covered vehicles or containers; stacking limits per packaging specifications. |
| Storage | Store Borealis HDPE HE3453 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from direct sunlight, heat, flames, and strong oxidizers. Keep in original sealed bags or packaging on pallets, off the floor. Avoid moisture, dust, and contamination. Maintain stable stacking to prevent package damage. Follow local regulations and the supplier’s SDS. Do not expose to ignition sources or prolonged UV radiation. |
| Shelf Life | Borealis HDPE HE3453 typically has a 2-year shelf life when stored dry, in original packaging, away from sunlight and moisture. |
On accumulator-head blow moulding lines, Borealis HDPE HE3453 is charged through grooved-barrel extruders with L/D ratios between 24:1 and 32:1, barrel profiles set at 180 °C to 210 °C, and die-head temperatures maintained at 195 °C to 215 °C. Lot certification includes melt mass-flow rate under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C/2.16 kg and density under ISO 1183-1:2019; deviation beyond the supplier certificate range alters parison diameter and wall-thickness distribution. The formulation at the weigh hopper comprises HE3453 100 parts by mass, closed-loop regrind at 15–25 parts by mass, antioxidant masterbatch at 0.2–0.5 parts by mass, and carbon black masterbatch at 2–4 parts by mass when outdoor exposure is specified. The regrind fraction must not exceed 25 parts by mass because full-notch ESCR decline observed at production scale leads to drop-test sidewall failures at -20 °C on 20 L packs. If granulate is transferred from outdoor silo to indoor hopper at relative humidity above 60%, pre-drying at 70–80 °C for 2–3 h is required to prevent parison voiding. Parison programming uses 10–30 point axial wall-thickness control to compensate for die swell variation, with blow air pressure held at 0.6–0.8 MPa and mould cooling water inlet at 8–15 °C. Compliance obligations for transport of hazardous liquids follow UN Model Regulations Chapter 6.1, ADR Chapter 6.1.3, IMDG Code Chapter 6.1, and EN 15507:2017; qualification testing includes hydraulic pressure at 100 kPa for 30 min, leakproofness, stack compression for 28 days at 40 °C, and drop impact at -18 °C from 1.2 m. The terminal product is a 5 L to 30 L UN-coded jerrycan, marked 3H1 or 3H2, used for aggressive solvents, acid concentrates, alkali cleaners, and oxidizing liquid precursors.
Where automotive aftermarket packaging requires barrier performance against urea-water solutions, HE3453 forms the outer structural layer in six-layer co-extruded bottles with an EVOH barrier core. The outer-layer dosing is set at 55–70 wt% HE3453, 20–30 wt% regrind, 1–2 wt% tie-layer carrier, 2–4 wt% EVOH, and 0.5–1.5 wt% carbon black masterbatch when UV-stabilized sidewall colour is required. Amine-based antistatic packages are excluded because migration into the tie layer produces delamination after urea/water immersion at 60 °C. Compliance references include ISO 22241-3:2019 for diesel exhaust fluid packaging and EC Regulation 1907/2006 REACH; the container must maintain urea concentration within 0.8% of nominal after 12 weeks at 40 °C. Six-layer co-extrusion blow moulding is run with extruder melt temperatures of 190 °C to 210 °C, layer distribution controlled by radially adjustable die gaps with 0.05 mm resolution, and parison wall thickness profiled at 16 points. Published data for specific EVOH-HE3453 adhesion at this layer ratio is limited; production-scale qualification therefore requires peel testing after 24 h water conditioning per ISO 11339. The terminal product is a 5 L to 20 L sealed AdBlue/DEF container with tamper-evident neck finish and lashing grooves.
Heavy-gauge sheet conversion of HE3453 on 120 mm single-screw extruders with barrier screws at 30:1 L/D and melt pumps demands melt temperatures of 205 °C to 230 °C; melt strength controls sag, and hang time above 8 seconds at 3.5 mm gauge leads to local thinning unless vacuum calibration is applied. The compounding blend consists of HE3453 100 parts by mass, captive edge-trim regrind at 30–50 parts by mass, nucleating agent at 0.1–0.3 parts by mass, and phosphite processing stabilizer at 0.1–0.2 parts by mass; filler addition is avoided because it reduces thermoformability below 2 mm draw depth. Compliance requirements for industrial containment include RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU, REACH 1907/2006, and ISO 11469:2016 polymer marking; food-contact sheet requires EU Regulation 10/2011 migration testing with simulant B and 10 days contact at 40 °C. The downstream process is continuous sheet extrusion through a flexible-lip die into a three-roll stack maintained at 70–90 °C, followed by panel saw trimming, roller transfer, and vacuum forming in aluminium moulds at 40–60 °C; sheet thicknesses from 2.0 mm to 8.0 mm are common. Terminal product types include chemical-containment trays with 500 mm to 1200 mm sidewalls, pallet lids, battery drip trays, and sump liners for electroplating lines.
Maintain melt temperature below 240 °C during injection moulding of 28 mm and 38 mm heavy-duty closures from HE3453; residence time above 15 minutes at 240 °C initiates molecular-weight loss measured as a drop in tensile elongation at break under ASTM D638-14. The closure formulation adds HE3453 100 parts by mass, erucamide slip at 0.05–0.20 parts by mass, silicone processing aid at 0.1–0.3 parts by mass, and pigment masterbatch at 0.5–2.0 parts by mass; total slip addition must remain below 0.25 parts by mass because migration kinetics into the closure sealing surface raise seal interference and reduce cap torque retention after 72 h at 50 °C. Compliance for potable water and food-contact closures cites FDA 21 CFR 177.1520(c) 2.1, EU Regulation 10/2011, and EN 71-3:2019 for heavy metals; chemical closures for UN jerrycans additionally require torque retention and drop integrity according to UN Model Regulations Chapter 6.1. The production cell uses hot-runner moulds with clamp force from 800 kN to 1800 kN, injection speed 30–60 mm/s, hold pressure 40–60 MPa, and cooling time 4–8 s; mould temperature is held at 15–30 °C to control shrinkage against the core pin. Finished product types are ribbed and continuous-thread closures for detergent bottles, lubricant packs, agrochemical containers, and industrial chemical pails.
When continuous blown film lines shift from LDPE to HE3453, bubble stability is improved at BUR values from 2.0:1 to 4.0:1, but dart impact anisotropy must be compensated by blending 20–30 wt% LLDPE into HE3453 to maintain impact resistance below 25 µm gauge. The film blend comprises HE3453 70–80 parts by mass, LLDPE 20–30 parts by mass, antiblock masterbatch 0.1–0.3 parts by mass, slip additive 0.05–0.15 parts by mass, and carbon black 2–3 parts by mass when UV stabilization is required. No filler is used because pinhole formation under ISO 7765-1:1988 impact testing increases when filler exceeds 0.5 wt%. Compliance for industrial non-food liners is maintained through REACH 1907/2006 and heavy-metal limits under RoHS 2011/65/EU; mechanical acceptance uses tensile break strength ISO 527-3:2018 and dart drop ISO 7765-1:1988, with minimum values agreed on a lot basis. Processing uses a barrier-screw extruder feeding a die of 80–150 mm diameter with die gap 1.2–2.0 mm; melt temperature is held at 190–210 °C, frost line height is maintained at 6–12 die diameters, and output is limited by bubble cooling air at 80–150 kg/h depending on film width. The terminal products are drum liners, pallet covers, heavy-gauge agricultural silage bags, and secondary containment bags for powder intermediates.
Hydrostatic pressure testing on 1000 L IBC inner bottles produced from HE3453 usually follows ESCR screening because sidewall environmental stress cracking under oxidative chemical exposure precedes burst failure at production scale. The IBC inner-bottle blend uses HE3453 86–92 wt%, regrind 8–14 wt%, antioxidant masterbatch 0.4–0.8 wt%, and pigment masterbatch 0.5–1.0 wt%; regrind above 14 wt% is not permitted in contact layers because batch-to-batch variation in detergent packaging lines has produced microvoids at the pinch-off seam. Compliance anchors include UN 31H1 certification under UN Model Regulations Chapter 6.5, ISO 16101 for dangerous goods packaging compatibility, and EN 12573-1:2000 for welded static thermoplastic tanks; pressure qualification is run at 100 kPa for 30 min, with additional stack testing at 40 °C for 28 days. The process is extrusion blow moulding on 90–120 mm grooved-barrel extruders with 30:1 L/D, gear melt pump, accumulator head, parison length up to 1.5 m, blow pressure 0.7 MPa, and mould cooling water at 10–18 °C; total cycle time including in-mould cooling ranges from 20 min to 35 min for 4 mm nominal wall stock. The terminal product is an inner bottle for 1000 L composite IBCs, used in liquid chemical transport, detergent processing, and corrosive precursor distribution where the outer steel cage carries stack loads.
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Borealis HDPE HE3453 is a black bimodal high-density polyethylene compound supplied for pressure pipe extrusion. The material is classified as PE100 under ISO 12162, indicating a minimum required strength of 10 MPa at 20 °C for an extrapolated service life of 50 years under ISO 9080 hydrostatic regression. Nominal compound density is 959 kg/m³ when tested by ISO 1183-1. Melt flow rate is reported as 0.25 g/10 min under a 5 kg piston load at 190 °C according to ISO 1133-1:2022. Carbon black content is controlled between 2.0 % and 2.5 % by mass using ISO 6964. Typical oxidative induction time at 210 °C exceeds 20 min when measured by EN 728. Tensile stress at yield is reported at 25 MPa by ISO 527-2, and notched Charpy impact strength at −30 °C is typically 10 kJ/m² under ISO 179-1/1eA. The grade is therefore applied to buried potable water mains, industrial pressure piping, and sewage force mains where sustained hoop stress, slow crack growth resistance, and low-temperature ductility govern long-term design.
| Property | Nominal value | Test method |
|---|---|---|
| Density of compound | 959 kg/m³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Melt flow rate at 190 °C/5 kg | 0.25 g/10 min | ISO 1133-1:2022 |
| Tensile stress at yield | 25 MPa | ISO 527-2 |
| Tensile strain at break | >600 % | ISO 527-2 |
| Flexural modulus | 1000 MPa | ISO 178 |
| Notched Charpy impact strength at −30 °C | 10 kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Carbon black content | 2.0–2.5 % | ISO 6964 |
| Oxidative induction time at 210 °C | >20 min | EN 728 |
On production-scale grooved-feed single-screw extruders with 30:1 to 36:1 L/D ratios, HE3453 is processed through a barrel temperature profile ramping from approximately 190 °C near the feed throat to 210 °C at the die head. The bimodal molecular weight distribution contains a high-molecular-weight fraction that provides long-term slow crack growth resistance and a lower-molecular-weight fraction that reduces shear heating during plastication. This architecture produces pronounced shear thinning, permitting stable annular die flow without excessive motor load. However, the high-molecular-weight tail increases the residence time required for thermal homogenization. Dead spots in the adapter, screen pack, or die can generate oxidized gels if local wall temperature exceeds 240 °C. Melt temperature measured at the die entry is therefore maintained between 190 °C and 220 °C, with inter-zone variation held within ±5 °C to avoid periodic wall-thickness oscillation in the extruded pipe.
Barrel zones are normally set to a flat or slightly rising profile, while the feed throat is cooled to prevent pellet bridging. Melt pressure before the breaker plate commonly ranges from 180 bar to 280 bar on screw diameters of 45 mm to 75 mm, though actual values depend on die resistance, haul-off speed, and melt temperature. Pipe calibration uses vacuum spray tanks with water temperatures between 10 °C and 20 °C. Excessively low water temperature can quench the outer wall too rapidly and create residual stress gradients that reduce resistance to slow crack growth. The use of in-process regrind should be limited to 10 % by mass unless verified by ISO 1167 and ISO 13479; repeated extrusion lowers oxidative induction time and can shift the stress-rupture knee toward shorter failure times.
Because HE3453 is not hygroscopic, pre-drying is not normally required for sealed pellets. When cold pellets are moved into a warm production hall, surface condensation can introduce moisture that forms microvoids in the melt. If pellet surface moisture exceeds 0.05 % by mass, a dehumidified hopper at 70–80 °C for 2 h is applied. Quality control during extrusion includes melt flow rate verification under ISO 1133-1:2022, density by ISO 1183-1, and carbon black dispersion assessment under ISO 18553. Agglomerates larger than 0.5 mm can act as stress concentrators and initiate crack growth in pressure service, so dispersion is inspected on finished pipe sections rather than only on raw pellets.
In hydrostatic terms, the design basis of HE3453 is derived from the extrapolation procedure of ISO 9080. The regression uses failure data generated at 20 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C, and 95 °C at stress levels selected to produce failures between 10 h and 13 months. The lower prediction limit at 50 years must exceed 10 MPa at 20 °C for PE100 classification under ISO 12162. For water supply systems designed under ISO 4427-1, a service coefficient of 1.25 reduces the 10 MPa minimum required strength to a design stress of 8.0 MPa at 20 °C. An SDR 11 pipe produced from HE3453 is commonly assigned a pressure rating of 16 bar at 20 °C for water service, but final wall thickness must be calculated according to ISO 4427-2 and national installation requirements. Above 60 °C, derating factors from ISO 4427-1 apply, and continuous exposure to chlorinated water above 40 °C requires additional oxidative resistance validation because disinfectant species can deplete the phenolic stabilizer package and reduce oxidative induction time.
HE3453 differs from PE80 and conventional unimodal HDPE pipe compounds principally through its bimodal molecular weight distribution and PE100 classification. A PE80 material has a minimum required strength of 8 MPa under ISO 12162, whereas HE3453 is rated at 10 MPa. Applying the same service coefficient of 1.25 yields a design stress of 6.4 MPa for PE80 and 8.0 MPa for HE3453 at 20 °C. This difference permits reduced wall thickness for the same internal pressure class under ISO 4427-2, although minimum wall thickness may still be controlled by handling, ring stiffness, or installation loads rather than internal pressure alone.
At equivalent melt flow rate, the bimodal architecture of HE3453 provides higher notched Charpy impact strength at −30 °C than many unimodal HDPE pipe grades of comparable density. The high-molecular-weight fraction increases tie-molecule density between lamellae, retarding slow crack propagation, while the lower-molecular-weight fraction lubricates the melt and reduces torque during extrusion. Unimodal grades frequently require a lower melt flow rate to achieve similar slow crack growth resistance, which increases melt pressure and shear heating in the barrel. In contrast, HE3453 retains processability at a melt flow rate of 0.25 g/10 min under 5 kg load.
Within the broader Borealis PE100 range, HE3453 functions as a standard black pipe compound for extruded pressure pipe. Other grades may be positioned for specific national approval portfolios or differentiated by melt flow rate and carbon black additive package. Direct comparative data between Borealis PE100 grades are usually controlled by supplier certificates, so users should request lot-specific values rather than relying on nominal datasheet comparisons. Published data for direct comparison of HE3453 against every competing grade is limited in open supplier literature.
Joining of HE3453 pipe is performed by butt fusion using ISO 21307 parameters for PE100 materials. Heating plate temperature is typically 210–230 °C, with bead geometry inspected according to ISO 21307. Electrofusion couplers qualified for PE100 systems may be used if compatibility of melt flow rate and wall preparation is confirmed. Unmodified PE80 or non-polyethylene sealants should not enter the fusion zone. Field bending is permitted only above the minimum bend radius specified in ISO 4427 and installation guidelines. Pipes stored outdoors for more than 12 months may develop surface oxidation that interferes with electrofusion; surface shaving or removal of the oxidized layer is required before joining. Strong oxidizing agents, high chlorine dioxide residuals, and hydrocarbon permeation fall outside the normal design envelope of the compound unless explicitly validated by the pipe producer.
Carbon black dispersion in HE3453 is not merely a pigment quality issue; it directly affects slow crack growth under sustained hoop stress. Agglomerates larger than 0.5 mm act as stress concentrators at the pipe wall and can reduce hydrostatic failure time. Dispersion is assessed under ISO 18553 on finished pipe or compression-moulded plaques. A typical acceptance criterion is a dispersion rating no poorer than ≤3, though the exact limit depends on the national pipe specification and the pipe producer’s quality plan.
Oxidative induction time measured by EN 728 at 210 °C must remain above 20 min after processing. Barrel residence times above 30 min or melt temperatures above 240 °C can deplete the stabilizer package and reduce OIT below this threshold. Pipe producers therefore sample extrudate for OIT and melt flow rate ratio verification after start-up and after regrind addition. If OIT falls below the control limit, barrel temperature profile, screw speed, or regrind level is adjusted. The combination of carbon black content, dispersion, and stabilizer package provides ultraviolet resistance during outdoor storage and contributes to retention of the 50-year hydrostatic design basis at 20 °C.
| Standard | Function | Application boundary |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 12162 | Classification of thermoplastic pressure pipe materials | PE100, MRS 10 MPa |
| ISO 9080 | Long-term hydrostatic strength extrapolation | 50-year strength at 20 °C |
| ISO 4427-1 | PE water supply pipe systems | Design stress and derating factors |
| ISO 4427-2 | PE water supply pipe systems | Wall thickness calculation |
| ISO 1167 | Hydrostatic pressure testing of pipes | Batch release and process control |
| ISO 13479 | Notched pipe slow crack growth test | Sustained pressure failure under notch |
| ISO 18553 | Carbon black dispersion assessment | Agglomerate control in compound |
| EN 728 | Oxidative induction time | Minimum >20 min at 210 °C |
| ISO 179-1/1eA | Notched Charpy impact strength | Low-temperature ductility |
| ISO 1133-1:2022 | Melt flow rate determination | Batch consistency and incoming resin verification |
| ISO 1183-1 | Density determination | Compound density control |
| ISO 21307 | Butt fusion joining of PE pipes | Heater plate welding parameters |
