| HS Code | 739323 |
| Material | Bada BADAMID PA12 MoS2 uncolored PA12, Dry |
| Density | 1.02 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 178 °C |
| Tensile Modulus | 1700 MPa |
| Tensile Strength | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 220 % |
| Flexural Modulus | 1600 MPa |
| Flexural Strength | 60 MPa |
| Charpy Impact Strength Notched | 8 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Impact Strength Unnotched | No break |
| Molybdenum Disulfide Mos2 Content | Added lubricant |
| Moisture Absorption | 0.7 % |
| Water Absorption | 0.9 % |
As an accredited Bada BADAMID PA12 MoS2 uncolored PA12, Dry factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Bada BADAMID PA12 MoS2 uncolored PA12, Dry is supplied in sealed, moisture-proof 25 kg bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | One 20′ FCL of Bada BADAMID PA12 MoS2 uncolored PA12, dry, packed in sealed bags on pallets for safe transport. |
| Shipping | This dry PA12/MoS2 compound ships in sealed, moisture-proof packaging to preserve its properties. It is non-hazardous under transport regulations, but standard handling precautions apply. Keep away from ignition sources and excessive humidity. No special temperature control required; store in a cool, dry area. Ensure containers remain intact during transit. |
| Storage | Store in a tightly sealed, original container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep the material completely dry, as PA12 absorbs moisture which affects properties. Maintain ambient temperature, avoid humidity above recommended levels, and protect from contamination. Use within shelf life, reseal after opening. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years when stored sealed, cool, and dry in original packaging. |
In electromechanical window regulators, power seat-adjustment actuators, and sunroof drive units, the worm wheel is injection-molded from a molybdenum disulfide–modified PA12 compound. The MoS₂ phase forms a low-shear transfer film on the steel worm surface during the initial 200–500 meshing cycles. The film reduces slip-stick and suppresses acoustic emission in the 2–8 kHz band typical of dry polymer-metal gear pairs. A MoS₂ loading of 2 wt% is the established balance point for actuator gear elements: below 1.5 wt% the transfer film regenerates too slowly after cold start at −20 °C; above 2.5 wt% the notched impact strength falls by approximately 35 % relative to unfilled PA12, increasing tooth root cracking risk. The compound is dried at 80 °C for 6 h to a residual moisture below 0.10 % before processing, per the supplier's vacuum-packaging specification. Injection molding is executed on reciprocating screw machines with a barrel profile of 235 °C / 245 °C / 250 °C, nozzle at 245 °C, and mold temperature held at 60–80 °C. The mold temperature is critical: at 40 °C the PA12 crystallizes too rapidly, producing quenched-in amorphous domains that later densify in service and shift gear tooth tip diameter by up to 0.08 % after thermal cycling per ISO 1133-1 conditioning procedures. End-product validation uses actuator bench tests recording torque decay over 10,000 cycles under a 12 V automotive supply, per IATF 16949 PPAP capability runs. The static coefficient of friction against ground 16MnCr5 steel is typically 0.18–0.22, per ASTM D1894-14, compared with 0.35–0.45 for unfilled PA12. Compliance for automotive series production requires VDA 270 odor and fogging documentation, dimensional reports per ISO 527-1/-2 tensile testing, and ISO 179-1/1eA notched Charpy impact verification.
In off-highway machinery such as combine harvesters, balers, and tracked material handlers, chain guides are machined from extruded PA12-MoS₂ rod or injection-molded as complete guide segments. The governing failure mode is not adhesive wear but abrasive scoring from silica dust embedded in the contact zone. MoS₂ platelet orientation within the surface lamellae reduces the ploughing component of friction; the coefficient of friction stabilizes near 0.15–0.18 under pin-on-disk testing per ASTM G99-17 at 1 m/s and 5 MPa contact pressure. Published comparative wear-rate data for this specific BADAMID grade under ISO 6601 sliding-wear configuration is limited; however, commercial PA12 compounds with 1.5 wt% MoS₂ consistently show 40–60 % lower volume loss than unfilled PA12 under dry sliding conditions. The recommended loading for chain guides is 1.5 wt% MoS₂; this preserves enough melt viscosity for profile extrusion while maintaining a continuous lubricating film at surface temperatures up to 80 °C. Extrusion is performed on a 45 mm single-screw machine with L/D 25:1 and a screen pack of 60/80/60 mesh to break up MoS₂ agglomerates. Barrel temperatures are set at 220 °C / 230 °C / 235 °C; die temperature 230 °C. The compound must be dried to a residual moisture below 0.10 % at 80 °C for 4–6 h if bags have been opened beyond 72 h at ambient relative humidity above 60 %. Component compliance is governed by ISO 6943 for cyclical chain tensioning verification and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II, which lists no restricted substance in this compound. End products include arc-shaped chain guide profiles and bolted wear inserts for agricultural baler pickup chains.
Where pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic valve actuators, and linear slide assemblies require breakaway friction below static coefficients of 0.20, machined cams and thrust washers are produced from this molybdenum disulfide–filled polyamide 12. The compound is supplied uncolored and dry, which allows direct charging into closed-loop desiccant hoppers without intermediate regranulation. For thrust washers with an outer diameter above 60 mm, injection molding is preferred over machining from rod to avoid anisotropic shrinkage. The molding process uses a screw with compression ratio 2.5:1 and a melt temperature of 250 °C measured at the nozzle; holding pressure is maintained at 60–80 MPa for 8–12 s to minimize sink marks around the central bore. MoS₂ addition at 2 wt% reduces the breakaway friction of the washer against hardened steel counterfaces to approximately 0.12–0.16 after a running-in period of 300–1,000 cycles, per ASTM D3702 thrust washer wear test. Moisture conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH per ISO 62 results in equilibrium moisture uptake of 0.7–0.8 %, which causes linear dimensional growth of approximately 0.08–0.10 %; this must be subtracted from the print dimension before tool cutting. Tool shops that machine green parts to nominal size frequently record interference after one week of shop-floor humidity exposure. The material passes REACH SVHC screening and does not require special labeling under CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. End products include pneumatic cylinder guide rings, valve poppet seats in compressed-air service, and cam followers in textile machinery dobby mechanisms.
Downhole cable protectors, sucker rod guides, and pipeline scraper discs are machined from PA12-MoS₂ extruded tube or compression-molded blanks. The choice of PA12 over PA6 or PA66 is governed by the low saturation moisture uptake: 1.5–1.8 % at 23 °C in water per ISO 62, compared with 9–10 % for PA6. Swelling in produced-water environments is therefore limited to a linear expansion of approximately 0.3–0.4 % at equilibrium. The MoS₂ phase at 2 wt% functions as a solid lubricant when produced water carries fine sand into the sliding contact between the wear sleeve and the steel mandrel. The processing route for large-diameter sleeves above 200 mm OD involves compression molding at 250 °C under 10–15 MPa for 20 min, followed by slow cooling at 5 °C/min to maximize crystallinity and reduce post-molding warpage. Small-diameter components are turned from extruded rod. Mechanical property requirements follow ISO 10468 for long-term creep verification. Published data for this specific configuration—PA12-MoS₂ in downhole produced-water service—is limited; most public references concern glass-fiber-reinforced PA12 for flexible pipe liners under API 17J and API 17TR8. Consequently, validation of wear performance should be conducted in a tribometer with a 3 % saline water environment at 60 °C and 0.1 MPa contact pressure to simulate the downhole annulus. Continuous service above 80 °C is not recommended for the PA12 matrix under load. The uncolored natural grade permits color-coding by the oilfield service company using 0.5–1 wt% masterbatch without altering the frictional properties. End products include pump rod guides, centralizer wear buttons, and scraper discs for paraffin removal in production tubing.
Corrugated cable protection conduits for vehicle harnesses and industrial machinery are extruded from PA12-MoS₂ compounds with a wall thickness of 0.3–0.6 mm. The MoS₂ loading is set at 1.5 wt% for conduit applications; higher loadings reduce melt strength and cause corrugation collapse during the vacuum-forming stage. The extrusion line uses a 30 mm grooved-barrel single-screw extruder with L/D 24:1. Temperature profile: 210 °C feed, 225 °C compression, 235 °C metering, 240 °C head. Melt pressure at the breaker plate is maintained at 10–18 MPa. The corrugator vacuum is set to −0.06 MPa. The resulting conduit must pass a wire-pulling test in which a 2.5 mm² automotive conductor is drawn through a 3 m corrugated section at a speed of 0.5 m/s; the pull force shall not exceed 25 N for a 16 mm ID conduit. This friction reduction is attributed to the MoS₂ transfer layer on the inner wall, which forms after approximately 50–100 wire insertions. Compliance for automotive conduit includes REACH, RoHS 3 Directive 2015/863, and WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU documentation, and the grade contains no halogenated flame retardants. Dimensional and temperature classes are specified under OEM-specific conduit standards, not under ISO 6722 cable specifications. The uncolored natural base can be pigmented to RAL specification in a 1–2 % masterbatch let-down without measurable change in extrusion torque or corrugation geometry. End products include convoluted wire-harness protection tubes, cable drag chains in automated machine tools, and pneumatic hose armoring sleeves.
| Downstream Application | Governing Test Standard | Acceptance Data Point | Processing Limitation Trigger |
|---|---|---|---|
| Automotive worm wheels | ISO 179-1/1eA | Notched Charpy ≥ 4.5 kJ/m² | MoS₂ load > 2.5 wt% |
| Conveyor chain guides | ASTM G99-17 | Coefficient of friction ≤ 0.20 dry | Surface temperature > 80 °C |
| Pneumatic thrust washers | ASTM D3702 | Breakaway COF ≤ 0.16 after run-in | Residual moisture > 0.10 % at molding |
| Downhole wear sleeves | ISO 62 | Saturation uptake 1.5–1.8 % | Continuous temperature > 80 °C |
| Cable conduits | OEM wire-pull procedure | Pull force ≤ 25 N for 16 mm ID | MoS₂ load > 1.5 wt% melt strength collapse |
| Scraper tips | IEC 62631-3-2:2016 | Volume resistivity > 10¹⁵ Ω·m | ATEX 2014/34/EU Zone 1 or 21 excluded |
| Telescopic rails | ISO 62 | Linear growth 0.08–0.10 % at 50 % RH | Injection speed > 80 mm/s |
For belt speeds exceeding 2.5 m/s in quarry screening decks and recycling sorters, scraper tips are machined from PA12-MoS₂ rod stock. The compound is supplied dry and uncolored, which allows the machine shop to verify incoming moisture using a halogen moisture analyzer against the supplier's certificate of analysis. A loading of 2 wt% MoS₂ reduces the coefficient of friction against a steel conveyor belt surface to 0.15–0.20, measured per ASTM D1894-14. The reduced friction lowers heat generation at the belt splice and reduces the torque required to start a stopped load. The governing processing parameters for rod stock are: 45 mm single-screw extruder L/D 25:1, barrel temperatures 220 °C / 230 °C / 240 °C, die temperature 235 °C, and vacuum venting at −0.08 MPa to remove residual volatiles from the uncolored base resin. Cooling is performed in a 3 m water bath at 60 °C followed by air-cooling, which anneals the rod and prevents post-machining stress relaxation. The material's volume resistivity exceeds 10¹⁵ Ω·m per IEC 62631-3-2:2016, so the grade is not suitable for use in ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU Zone 1 or Zone 21 applications without an external antistatic treatment. This is a critical specification constraint for mining and grain handling. End products include belt scraper tips, side-sealing wear strips, and chute liners in recycling plants.
When telescopic linear rails in industrial automation, medical equipment chassis, and automotive seat-track assemblies are molded from polyamide, post-molding moisture uptake causes dimensional drift that can bind the slide mechanism. PA12-MoS₂ absorbs 0.7–0.8 % moisture at 23 °C / 50 % RH per ISO 62, which is approximately one-third the uptake of PA66. This translates into a linear growth of 0.08–0.10 % after full conditioning, compared with 0.25–0.30 % for PA66. The specified MoS₂ loading for rail components is 1.5 wt%. Injection molding is performed with a mold temperature of 70 °C and a cooling time of 25 s for a 4 mm wall thickness. The MoS₂ platelets align along the melt-flow direction during filling; if the injection speed exceeds 80 mm/s, anisotropic orientation can cause warpage of more than 0.3 mm over a 300 mm rail length. The solution is a two-stage injection speed profile: 60 mm/s until 70 % fill, then 25 mm/s for the remaining packing phase. End-product validation is performed by cycling the assembled slide 50,000 times under a 50 N side load, measuring running clearance before and after per ISO 1101 geometric tolerance principles. The compound is supplied dry in sealed 25 kg foil-lined bags; once opened, material must be processed within 4 h at ambient humidity above 60 % RH, otherwise re-drying at 80 °C for 4 h is mandatory. This grade is not suitable for sustained service above 90 °C due to progressive creep of the PA12 matrix under moderate loads. End products include telescopic guide rail inserts, drawer slide blocks, and precision positioning elements in automated inspection equipment.
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Bada BADAMID PA12 MoS2 uncoloured PA12, Dry is a polyamide 12 compound in which molybdenum disulfide is dispersed as an internal solid lubricant before pelletising. The grade is supplied as natural uncoloured granulate in a dry condition, meaning that the lot is not intentionally pre-conditioned and the reference state for mechanical testing is dry as moulded. Polyamide 12 is synthesised from laurolactam and has lower equilibrium moisture uptake than PA6 or PA66; when the MoS₂ lamellar filler is present, the final material is directed toward dry sliding, low stick-slip, and improved dimensional stability in humid ambient conditions. Published data for this specific Bada configuration is limited outside the manufacturer’s lot certificate. Representative industrial values for PA12-MoS₂ moulding compounds place density at 1.04–1.06 g/cm³ according to ISO 1183-1, dry-as-moulded tensile modulus at 1800–2200 MPa according to ISO 527-2, and peak melting temperature at 172–178°C according to ISO 11357-3. The public grade designation does not state filler loading; comparable compounds of this class commonly contain 1.5–3.0 wt% MoS₂, but the actual loading and particle-size distribution must be confirmed with the supplier. The uncoloured natural state removes pigment-related hard inclusions from the sliding interface and reduces one batch-to-batch variable in small bearing surfaces.
When specification values are compared, the dry condition creates a reporting boundary that is often overlooked. Polyamides are commonly tested in both dry-as-moulded and conditioned states, the latter produced by accelerated conditioning according to ISO 1110. Dry-as-moulded tensile data show higher stiffness and lower elongation, while conditioned data show lower stiffness and higher toughness. For PA12-MoS₂, the difference between dry and conditioned tensile modulus can be material, and frictional performance at equilibrium in ambient air is not identical to the dry pellet condition. A designer using dry data for a part operating at 50% RH and 23°C may overestimate stiffness and underestimate dimensional growth; PA12 typically reaches a conditioned moisture content of about 0.7–0.9% under those conditions, which reduces tensile modulus and increases part dimensions. The designation Dry therefore refers to the supplied state and test reference, not to permanent service dryness.
Dry-running behaviour is controlled primarily by the formation of a molybdenum disulfide transfer film on the counterface. MoS₂ has a hexagonal layered structure with weak van der Waals bonding between sulfur-sulfur planes; shear takes place preferentially between lamellae, lowering friction and reducing adhesive transfer from the polyamide matrix. In stabilised dry sliding against ground steel, unfilled PA12 commonly exhibits a coefficient of friction between 0.35 and 0.45, whereas PA12-MoS₂ compounds typically fall between 0.10 and 0.20. Test methods applied to this material class include pin-on-disc configurations under ASTM G99 and thrust-washer arrangements under ASTM D3702. The continuous pressure-velocity allowance is not one property; it is a system value that depends on counterface roughness, apparent contact pressure, sliding velocity, ambient humidity, and part temperature. For PA12-MoS₂ against hardened steel with Ra 0.2–0.4 µm, published industrial data commonly place the dry-running PV ceiling in the region of 0.8–1.2 MPa·m/s. Exceeding that threshold usually produces thermal softening of the polyamide matrix because continuous service temperature under mechanical load is limited to approximately 90–100°C. Local flash temperatures at the sliding interface can be higher than the bulk part temperature, and at much higher temperatures MoS₂ may oxidise to molybdenum trioxide, which is abrasive rather than lubricating. In PA12 bearings, however, matrix softening tends to occur before sulfide oxidation becomes the dominant failure mode. Transfer-film adhesion is also sensitive to roughness: countersurfaces below Ra 0.1 µm may not provide enough mechanical anchorage for the film, while roughness above 0.8 µm may cut through the polyamide matrix. Hardened steel counterfaces with Ra 0.2–0.4 µm are therefore specified for many dry-running bushings and gears made from this type of compound.
Before melt processing, the dry granulate still requires moisture control on the manufacturing floor. Polyamide 12 absorbs less water than PA6, but surface moisture and storage at relative humidity above 60% can produce splay, melt viscosity variation, and dimensional scatter. A desiccant dryer with a dew point below −30°C is used in humid plants; hot-air hoppers may be insufficient because they cannot remove deeply absorbed moisture rapidly without excessive heat history. Drying at 80°C for 4–8 h is typical, with residual moisture held below 0.10% by ISO 15512 or Karl Fischer titration. On co-rotating twin-screw compounding lines with 32:1 to 44:1 L/D, MoS₂ is usually fed downstream after the polymer is melted, so the lamellar filler is not exposed to the full shear history of the melting zone. Barrel temperatures are set between 220°C and 260°C, while the melt temperature at the die is kept below 270°C to limit yellowing and molecular weight degradation. In injection moulding, a general-purpose screw with a 2.0:1 to 2.5:1 compression ratio and a non-return valve without dead spots is preferred. Melt temperatures range from 230°C to 260°C, mould temperatures from 40°C to 80°C, and back pressure from 0.3 MPa to 0.7 MPa. Back pressure improves homogenisation but high settings increase shear heating and can damage the MoS₂ lamellae. Shot size should fill 40–70% of the barrel capacity to limit residence time. Direct pinpoint gates and narrow runners can degrade the filler and create visible surface defects; polished cold runners or hot runners without dead spots are used for high-volume production. Mould temperature uniformity across the cavity should be held within approximately ±5°C to avoid differential shrinkage that can alter bearing clearances. Regrind levels are normally kept below 25% because repeated processing lowers lubricant efficiency and notched impact.
The tribological repeatability of PA12-MoS₂ also depends on the molybdenum disulfide grade and compounding quality. Technical MoS₂ powders vary in particle size, aspect ratio, and impurity content; high-purity MoS₂ with controlled lamellar size gives a more stable transfer film, while coarse or impure powder can increase abrasion. Users should not manually add MoS₂ powder to uncoloured PA12 granulate at the injection machine because the short distributive mixing path of a reciprocating screw is inadequate to match a compounded product. Inconsistent dispersion from hand-blending leads to variable friction, uneven surface appearance, and unrepeatable mechanical strength.
Material substitution is governed by the trade-off between friction, moisture uptake, stiffness, and toughness. Against unfilled PA12, the MoS₂-modified grade reduces the stabilised coefficient of friction and suppresses low-speed stick-slip, but it also reduces elongation at break and notched impact because the dispersed lamellae act as stress concentrators. Dry-as-moulded unfilled PA12 commonly shows nominal strain at break above 100% under ISO 527-2; PA12-MoS₂ compounds often fall between 15% and 30%. The filled grade is therefore selected for sliding wear and not for snap-fit or high-strain latching features. Against PA6-MoS₂, the PA12 matrix provides lower equilibrium water absorption. Under ISO 62, PA6 immersed in water at 23°C saturates at approximately 9–10%, whereas PA12 saturates at approximately 1.1–1.5%. That difference is decisive in gears and bushings that must hold tooth profile or bore diameter after exposure to humid air or intermittent water contact. PA6-MoS₂ may offer higher dry stiffness and hardness, but its larger moisture-induced growth can consume bearing clearance or increase mesh interference. Against POM-C, PA12-MoS₂ has lower density and generally lower tensile modulus. POM-C has a density near 1.41 g/cm³ and a tensile modulus near 2800 MPa, while PA12-MoS₂ is approximately 1.04–1.06 g/cm³ and 1800–2200 MPa. POM-C also provides low friction without a solid lubricant and has lower moisture uptake, but PA12-MoS₂ is used where lower mass, softer bearing surfaces, or reduced noise is required. The MoS₂ filler is not a replenishable lubricant; once the transfer film is removed by abrasive particles, the wear rate increases sharply.
Components produced from this class of material include dry-running gears, cams, plain bearings, sliding bushings, hinge parts, linear guides, and cable-carrier elements. In automotive actuator gear trains and office-machine paper transport systems, the grade is specified because external greases can retain dust or contaminate adjacent electronics. The uncoloured natural form also allows downstream colouring with masterbatch, although hard pigments in the masterbatch may alter surface tribology. Design calculations must include PA12’s thermal expansion and moisture uptake: moisture absorption is lower than PA6 but not zero. At 50% RH and 23°C, PA12 reaches a conditioned moisture content of roughly 0.7–0.9%, reducing stiffness and slightly increasing dimensions. For a bushing pressed into a steel housing, the running clearance after conditioning is therefore smaller than the dry-machined dimension; hardened steel housings and generous clearances are used in humid operating environments. Continuous service temperature under mechanical load is normally limited to 90–100°C; short-term peaks up to approximately 150°C are tolerable only for brief periods with reduced load. Chemical exposure must be reviewed case by case. PA12 resists many oils, greases, and aliphatic hydrocarbons, but continuous hot water above 80°C under mechanical stress is not recommended, and strong acids or oxidising agents attack the polyamide matrix. Regulatory status under the RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU is generally satisfied for industrial applications, but lot-specific REACH SVHC and food-contact status under EU 10/2011 or FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 must be confirmed with the supplier when required. Published data for this specific Bada configuration is limited beyond the technical datasheet and lot certificate.
