| HS Code | 473476 |
| Polymer Type | High-density polyethylene (PE-HD) |
| Reinforcement | Glass fiber |
| Glass Fiber Content | 20% |
| Density | 1.05 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate 190 C 2 16 Kg | 5 g/10 min |
| Tensile Modulus | 3500 MPa |
| Tensile Strength | 45 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 3% |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength 23 C | 7 kJ/m² |
| Charpy Unnotched Impact Strength 23 C | 25 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 120°C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 90°C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 125°C |
| Water Absorption | <0.01% |
| Molding Shrinkage | 0.5-0.9% |
| Processing Method | Injection molding |
As an accredited Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 comes in 25 kg moisture-barrier bags, palletized, stretch-wrapped, and labeled for industrial use. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loading: Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20, 20% glass-fiber reinforced HDPE, in 25 kg bags; approx. 20,000 kg net per container. |
| Shipping | Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 ships as non-hazardous, glass-fibre-reinforced HDPE granules. Standard packaging: 25 kg bags or big bags, palletized and shrink-wrapped. Transport by road, sea, or air under normal conditions. Keep dry, avoid direct sunlight, heat, and contamination. Handle with standard industrial hygiene. No special dangerous-goods documentation required. |
| Storage | Store Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat, sparks, and oxidizing agents. Keep original containers or bags tightly closed, labeled, and palletized to prevent moisture and contamination. Avoid dust generation and static discharge. Do not smoke. Protect from physical damage. Maintain moderate temperatures and observe local regulations. Use first-in, first-out stock rotation. |
| Shelf Life | Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 shelf life is 12 months when stored dry, sealed, at room temperature, away from heat and sunlight. |
At injection moulding cells producing 1200 × 1000 mm rackable containers, Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 is run as a 100% ready-to-mould compound. The downstream formulation addition is 100% PE-HD GF20 pellets; internal regrind is limited to 15 wt% because once the regrind fraction exceeds this threshold, glass fibre attrition reduces the 23 °C notched Charpy impact measured to ISO 179-1/1eA below 5 kJ/m². That value is commonly written into multi-trip logistics specifications as the minimum acceptance for fork-entry impact; below it the failure mode shifts from ductile hinge yielding to crack propagation at the fork-impact zone. The compliance checks for the finished pallet or container are ISO 8611-1:2011 for load and deflection testing and EN 15512:2020 for racking-lane load simulation. Where the asset crosses into North American logistics networks, the compound is also expected to meet UL 94 HB because the glass phase does not alter the polyethylene burn behaviour but the part must still be classified as a combustible plastic.
Processing of such load-bearing parts uses accumulator-assisted injection moulding machines with clamp force from 8000 kN to 30000 kN and shot capacity matched to component mass from 6 kg to 22 kg. The screw is specified with L/D 20:1–24:1, compression ratio 2.0:1–2.5:1, and a hard-faced non-return valve because the glass phase accelerates barrel and screw recovery wear after 4000–6000 h of continuous running. Melt temperature is held at 210–240 °C; excursions above 250 °C degrade the glass sizing and generate visible splay at the gate. Mould temperature is maintained between 30 °C and 50 °C. Below 30 °C, differential shrinkage between the flow direction and the transverse direction increases corner lift beyond the 3 mm planarity window required for racking; above 50 °C, cooling time extends the total cycle beyond the economic target of 90–180 s for a 12 kg pallet. Sequential valve gating moves weld lines away from the central pallet span because weld lines retain only 60–70% of the bulk flexural modulus measured to ISO 178:2019.
Terminal parts produced under this processing envelope include 1200 × 800 mm four-way entry Euro pallets, 1200 × 1000 mm rackable containers, 300 × 400 mm distribution trays, and collapsible bulk-container side panels. The production bottleneck is not plasticating capacity but ejection and cooling; thick ribs and corner blocks require staged ejection with air-assist to prevent white stress marks where the glass phase orients parallel to the rib sidewall. The material is pre-dried at 80 °C for 2–4 h when storage relative humidity exceeds 60%; without drying, moisture carried by the glass sizing evolves as gas at the melt front and produces elongated pits in the container base.
Washing machine base frames and dishwasher lower spray-arm carriers operate under alkaline detergent splashes at 40–60 °C, continuous vibration, and intermittent structural load from unbalanced drum rotation. Unfilled HDPE lacks the flexural modulus required to keep deflection below 2 mm on spans above 300 mm; Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 raises flexural modulus to 2500–3500 MPa measured to ISO 178:2019 and reduces creep under 10 MPa flexural stress at 23 °C while retaining water absorption below 0.05% after 24 h immersion to ISO 62:2008. The finished article is evaluated under IEC 60335-1:2020 for household appliance safety. Where North American listing is required, polymeric component recognition follows UL 746B; visible exterior panels are checked after 500 h xenon-arc exposure to ISO 4892-2:2013. Production uses 100% PE-HD GF20 pellets; 2.0 wt% carbon black or appliance-grey masterbatch is added at the press throat, and in-plant regrind is capped at 20 wt% because higher recycled content increases the incidence of gate blush and surface splay.
The dominant process is hot-runner injection moulding with a clamp force of 3500–8000 kN and shot capacity of 400–1200 g for base frames and pump brackets. Melt temperature is limited to 215–230 °C, back pressure to 0.6–1.2 MPa, and screw surface speed to 0.2–0.4 m/s to reduce glass fibre attrition. Mould temperature is controlled at 35–50 °C; sub-35 °C surfaces produce visible flow lines at rib roots, while temperatures above 50 °C slow crystallisation and increase ejection-force marks on textured panels. The gate is placed at the thickest section of the bracket web, and ribs are designed with a base thickness not exceeding 60% of the adjacent wall to prevent sink marks. Terminal parts include washing machine base frames, dishwasher lower spray-arm carriers, condenser-mounting rails in refrigerated display cabinets, and pump bracket supports.
Passenger vehicle interior load-bearing components processed from Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 require supplier conformity to IATF 16949:2016 and material burn rate below 100 mm/min when tested to ISO 3795:1989 or FMVSS 302 for occupant-compartment applications. In these parts, the formulation is used at 100% compound, with 1.0–2.0 wt% black masterbatch added only when the part is exposed to sunlight through glazing; no external impact modifier is introduced because it lowers flexural modulus below 2500 MPa and interferes with the thin-wall fill balance of cable duct lattices. Material declarations are checked against ELV Directive 2000/53/EC for lead, cadmium, mercury, and hexavalent chromium, and against Annex XVII of REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Production runs use injection-compression moulding for panels with projected area above 0.25 m², where the compression stroke reduces orientation-induced warpage and improves clip tower flatness. Clamp force ranges from 6000 kN to 18000 kN; melt temperature is held at 215–235 °C, and mould temperature at 30–45 °C. Weld lines must be moved away from wiring-harness bosses and seat-mount inserts by adjusting the filling sequence; if a weld line intersects a clip tower, the clip retention force after thermal ageing at 80 °C for 500 h can fall below the production acceptance limit. Terminal parts include wiring-harness cable ducts, spare-wheel well supports, load-floor panels, and seat trims. Continuous service above 75 °C is not specified because the semi-crystalline matrix loses creep stiffness at elevated temperature even though the glass phase raises the short-term heat deflection temperature under load.
When municipal drainage channels and gully grates are specified for light-load classes A15 to B125 under EN 1433:2002 and EN 124-1:2015, PE-HD GF20 provides a corrosion-resistant replacement for cast iron in pedestrian and light-vehicle zones. The compound is processed at 100% concentration; 2.0 wt% carbon black/UV masterbatch is added for outdoor service where EN 124-1:2015 class B125 requires the finished grate or channel body to withstand a 125 kN static test load without cracking or permanent deflection. Published data for this specific configuration in class C250 and higher load applications is limited; those classes are outside the recommended envelope because notched Charpy impact at -20 °C falls below 6 kJ/m² and gate-boss stress cracks can initiate after freeze-thaw cycling.
Production of channel bodies and gully grates uses thick-wall injection moulding with wall sections from 6 mm to 14 mm, clamp force of 6000–20000 kN, and shot capacity up to 15 kg. Melt temperature is set at 210–240 °C, mould temperature at 25–50 °C, and holding pressure at 40–70 MPa for the first 8–12 s of packing to compensate for the high volumetric shrinkage of the semi-crystalline matrix. Cycle times range from 150 s to 400 s depending on rib density; premature ejection creates trapped-sprue pull-out and micro-shear bands along the channel base. Terminal parts include 1000 mm linear drainage channel bodies, 500 × 500 mm gully grates, inspection chamber risers, and base frames for infiltration boxes.
Cold-water filter housings, valve bodies, and chemical dosing pump heads made from PE-HD GF20 are specified where unfilled HDPE shows excessive creep under internal hydrostatic pressure and polypropylene shows unacceptable oxidative degradation in chlorinated service. The material is run at 100% ready-to-use pellets; no external filler or coupling agent is added downstream because the 20 wt% glass phase is already coupled to the polyethylene matrix, and additional filler would shift melt viscosity outside the 2–5 g/10 min MFR window measured to ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190 °C/2.16 kg. Compliance for potable-water contact is not automatic: the finished moulded article must be certified under NSF/ANSI 61 or KTW-BWGL for the specific part and production site, and the glass sizing must be included in the migration test scope. For chemical dosing housings outside potable service, the relevant documentation is the Annex XVII declaration under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Processing uses hot-runner injection moulding with clamp force from 1500 kN to 6000 kN for parts weighing 150 g to 2500 g. Melt temperature is maintained at 210–230 °C, and the mould is kept at 30–45 °C. Wall thickness from 4 mm to 10 mm requires post-mould annealing at 80 °C for 2 h to relax gate-area residual stress; parts without annealing can fail cyclic hoop-pressure tests at 0.2 MPa if internal voids align with the glass orientation plane. The screw geometry uses a low-compression barrier screw with L/D 22:1 and a wear-resistant barrel because continuous glass contact produces screw recovery drift after approximately 3000 h. Terminal parts include 250 mm filter housings, 25 mm valve bodies, flow-meter housings, and chemical dosing pump heads.
Profile extrusion operations converting PE-HD GF20 into outdoor boardwalk decking and fencing rails run Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 at 100% with a 3.0 wt% UV stabiliser masterbatch and 2.0 wt% carbon black masterbatch. The finished profiles are specified to survive 3000 h of xenon-arc exposure under ISO 4892-2:2013 with a flexural modulus retention above 85% measured to ISO 178:2019; this requirement drives the use of glass fibre rather than wood flour, which absorbs moisture and promotes freeze-thaw cracking in northern climates. Dimensional tolerances for deck boards follow ASTM D7032-21 where North American building code acceptance is required; the creep deflection under a 0.5 kN point load must remain below 2.5 mm after 24 h at 40 °C.
The line configuration is a counter-rotating conical twin-screw extruder with L/D 25:1 and a vacuum vent at the metering zone to remove residual moisture from the glass sizing. Melt temperature is kept at 190–215 °C, die temperature at 200–210 °C, and calibrator blocks are held at 20–30 °C. Because the PE-HD GF20 melt exhibits die swell and increased melt strength after glass-phase alignment, haul-off speed must be controlled to within ±1% to hold profile wall thickness at 4–8 mm. Terminal parts include 50 × 150 mm tongue-and-groove deck boards, 40 × 60 mm fencing rails, and bench slats for outdoor furniture.
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The designation Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 follows ISO 1043-1 and identifies a high-density polyethylene reinforced with 20% by mass short glass fiber. The grade is supplied as cylindrical pellets for injection molding and profile extrusion, with typical pellet diameter 2–4 mm and length 3–5 mm. In the dry state, the compound is a two-phase system: a non-polar, semi-crystalline polyolefin matrix and a discontinuous, high-modulus glass phase with density near 2.54 g/cm³ for E-glass. This combination reduces mold shrinkage and raises short-term thermal deflection relative to unfilled PE-HD. Because the matrix lacks polar functional groups, interfacial adhesion depends on glass-fiber sizing chemistry; commercial amino-silane sizes are commonly used, but the specific sizing for Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 must be confirmed with the supplier. Published data for this exact commercial configuration is limited. The representative ranges cited below are for 20% glass-fiber HDPE compounds and are not a substitute for lot-specific certificates.
Compounding for 20% glass-fiber HDPE is typically performed on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with 40:1 L/D and screw diameter matched to output. Glass fiber is fed downstream into the melt through a side feeder to limit fiber breakage and screw wear. Specific mechanical energy input is controlled between 0.18 kWh/kg and 0.25 kWh/kg; higher energy input reduces mean fiber length and lowers tensile modulus. Pellet quality is monitored by ash content under ISO 3451-1 with a target glass content of 19–21% by mass. Moisture content by Karl Fischer titration should be below 0.05% before molding. Higher moisture from storage can produce surface splay and porosity at the melt front, particularly on textured mold surfaces.
On injection molding lines, a 25:1 to 30:1 L/D three-zone screw with a compression ratio of 2.2:1 to 2.8:1 and a bimetallic barrel is preferred. Nitrided general-purpose screws may show visible flight wear after 5,000–10,000 h of glass-filled HDPE processing; hard-faced screw flights and ceramic or bimetallic barrel liners reduce maintenance frequency. A free-flow check ring without dead spots reduces fiber accumulation behind the screw tip. Barrel temperature profile from feed to nozzle is typically set at 180°C, 200°C, 210°C, 220°C, and nozzle 225°C; melt temperature measured by a needle pyrometer is maintained between 210°C and 240°C. Mold wall temperature is held between 20°C and 60°C; lower mold temperatures accelerate skin formation and may increase weld-line weakness, while higher mold temperatures improve fiber wetting and surface gloss but extend cycle time. Screw back pressure is typically held between 0.5 MPa and 2.0 MPa; higher back pressure improves glass dispersion but reduces fiber length. Injection speed is set to achieve fill times of 0.5–2.0 s for wall sections 2–4 mm; slower filling freezes the surface before adequate fiber wetting and can increase visible gate blush. Screw decompression after plastication is set at 2–5 mm to reduce nozzle drool; excessive decompression can introduce air and cause splay. Pre-drying at 80°C for 2–4 h is recommended when storage RH exceeds 60% or when pellet surface condensation is visible.
Gate design influences fiber orientation and part properties. Pinpoint gates smaller than 1.5 mm impose high shear rates that break fibers and can cause delamination at the gate. Edge or fan gates with a minimum land length of 0.8–1.2 mm are preferable for flat parts. Vent grooves 0.02–0.05 mm deep reduce burn marks at flow-front convergence. The melt exhibits pseudoplastic behavior; apparent viscosity at 210°C and 100 s-1 is typically in the range 200–500 Pa·s for 20% glass-filled HDPE, but lot-specific variation requires capillary rheometry. MFR measured at 190°C under 2.16 kg per ISO 1133-1:2022 is unsuitable as a molding release criterion because the low shear and simple extension in the MFR test do not capture fiber-orientation effects.
Flow-induced fiber orientation creates a skin-core morphology. In the outer skin, high shear orients fibers parallel to the flow direction; the core contains more randomized fiber orientation. The oriented skin fraction depends on injection speed, part thickness, and melt temperature. Thin walls below 2 mm show a higher oriented-skin fraction, producing higher tensile modulus in the flow direction but lower transverse strength. For components with complex flow fields, mold-fill simulation should include fiber orientation tensors calibrated with short-shot studies. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, but the behavior follows semi-crystalline glass-filled polyolefins.
The reinforcing effect of glass fiber in HDPE is dominated by fiber length, fiber orientation, and interfacial shear strength. At 20% loading, tensile modulus increases from approximately 800–1,000 MPa for unfilled PE-HD to 2,200–3,500 MPa under ISO 527-2. Flexural modulus measured under ISO 178 is generally 2,000–3,200 MPa. Tensile strength shifts from 20–30 MPa to 35–55 MPa, depending on fiber sizing and final fiber length distribution. Elongation at break falls sharply; unfilled HDPE frequently exceeds 100%, while the filled compound typically records 2–5%. Notched Charpy impact under ISO 179-1/1eA commonly lies between 3 kJ/m² and 8 kJ/m²; this can be lower than the unfilled matrix when crack-initiation resistance is dominated by the brittle fiber phase. The failure mode in tensile bars is typically fiber debonding and pull-out, followed by matrix crazing. Without a coupling agent, the non-polar HDPE matrix cannot transfer stress efficiently to the glass surface; silane-treated fibers or maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene coupling agents improve interfacial adhesion and moisture resistance.
Representative comparative screening data for unfilled PE-HD and 20% glass-fiber HDPE are shown below.
| Property | Test method | Unfilled PE-HD | PE-HD GF20 representative range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1 | 0.94–0.97 g/cm³ | 1.03–1.10 g/cm³ |
| Tensile modulus | ISO 527-2 | 800–1,000 MPa | 2,200–3,500 MPa |
| Tensile strength | ISO 527-2 | 20–30 MPa | 35–55 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-2 | >100% | 2–5% |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178 | 700–1,100 MPa | 2,000–3,200 MPa |
| Notched Charpy impact | ISO 179-1/1eA | 4–15 kJ/m² | 3–8 kJ/m² |
| HDT at 1.8 MPa | ISO 75-2/A | 45–65°C | 90–120°C |
| Mold shrinkage parallel | ISO 294-4 | 1.5–2.5% | 0.4–1.0% |
Shrinkage anisotropy is a primary difference from unfilled PE-HD in mold design. Unfilled high-density polyethylene typically exhibits mold shrinkage of 1.5–2.5%; 20% glass fiber reduces parallel shrinkage to approximately 0.4–1.0% while transverse shrinkage may remain 0.8–1.5%, measured after 48 h per ISO 294-4. The differential between parallel and transverse shrinkage drives warpage in flat parts with asymmetric gating. Packing pressure and gate freeze time influence shrinkage far less than fiber orientation; changing gate location can reverse the warpage direction. Weld lines are a mechanical weak point because fibers align perpendicular to the flow front at the knit line. In load-bearing regions, weld-line tensile strength may be substantially below the in-flow value; published data for this specific configuration is limited, but design reviews should relocate weld lines away from high-tensile areas.
Post-mold dimensional stability is affected by secondary crystallization of the HDPE matrix. Green parts measured immediately after ejection may continue to shrink for 24–48 h as the matrix crystallizes. Dimensional checks on tight-tolerance flanges should therefore be performed after conditioning at 23°C and 50% relative humidity for at least 48 h per ISO 291. Annealing at 80–90°C for 1–2 h can reduce post-mold shrinkage and frozen-in stress but may also relax fiber orientation and alter warpage. This processing conflict requires validation on the production tool; published data for this specific compound is limited.
Heat deflection temperature under 1.8 MPa improves from 45–65°C for unfilled PE-HD to 90–120°C for 20% glass-fiber HDPE when measured under ISO 75-2/A. This short-term deflection value is not a continuous use temperature. Under sustained load, the semi-crystalline matrix creeps; for design purposes, continuous load-bearing service should be limited to 60–80°C unless creep-rupture data for the specific lot are available. Creep testing under ISO 899-2 at 23°C and 1,000 h is recommended for structural components. At temperatures above 100°C, oxidative degradation of the polyethylene accelerates, and antioxidant consumption kinetics become design-relevant. Melt processing above 250°C risks thermal decomposition of the fiber sizing and chain scission of the matrix. Accelerated weathering under ISO 4892-2 with xenon-arc exposure is used to qualify UV-stabilized formulations; unstabilized glass-filled HDPE shows surface chalking and fiber exposure. For outdoor applications, UV stabilization is required; glass fiber does not protect the HDPE surface from photo-oxidation. The compound’s chemical resistance is matrix-dominated and remains broadly similar to unfilled PE-HD in dilute acids, alkalis, and salt solutions, but strong oxidizing acids and chlorinated solvents are outside the recommended exposure envelope. Environmental stress-cracking resistance in detergents or polar fluids should be validated on molded parts, as fiber ends can act as stress concentrators.
In wastewater pump volutes, valve bodies, and chemical dosing enclosures, Aurora Kunststoffe PE-HD GF20 is selected when dimensional stability and chemical resistance are more important than maximum stiffness. Compared with unfilled PE-HD, the filled grade allows thinner wall sections while maintaining flange flatness under bolt preload. For flanges, the modulus increase permits lower creep deformation under bolt clamping, but the lower elongation requires controlled bolt torque to avoid localized cracking around insert bosses. Compared with PP-GF20, the HDPE matrix typically offers better low-temperature impact and lower water absorption, but a lower upper-use temperature and lower modulus at elevated temperature. Water absorption at saturation is generally below 0.1% at 23°C per ISO 62, although the glass sizing can increase surface moisture affinity slightly. The 20% glass content is a midpoint between 10% and 30% grades; 30% glass raises modulus further but increases melt viscosity, screw and barrel wear, and notch sensitivity. For snap-fit or living-hinge features, PE-HD GF20 is not a direct substitute for unfilled PE-HD because elongation at break falls below 5%. Threaded inserts and molded-in metal components are preferred over self-tapping screws in highly loaded bosses because fiber orientation around the boss can produce local brittleness.
Lot-specific certificates should confirm compliance with REACH 1907/2006 and RoHS 2011/65/EU Annex II restrictions. Electrical enclosure applications require surface resistivity and comparative tracking index data under IEC 60093 and IEC 60112; glass-fiber filler can lower CTI relative to unfilled HDPE, so a general-purpose polyolefin rating cannot be assumed. Flammability classification under UL 94 is typically HB for glass-filled HDPE; the grade is not inherently flame-retardant. If an enclosure application requires V-0 or V-2, a flame-retardant package must be specified and separately tested. Food-contact use under EU 10/2011 requires evaluation of the glass fiber and sizing additives; glass-reinforced grades are not automatically covered by the polyolefin migration limits. For potable-water components, specific migration and organoleptic testing are required by the applicable national acceptance scheme. Automotive interior applications may require odor and fogging testing under VDA 270 and DIN 75201 if the grade is used for visible or enclosed cabin parts.
Acceptance testing should specify ISO 294-1 specimen molding and ISO 527-2 type 1A tensile bars. Batch-to-batch variation in fiber length distribution is a recognized field issue; a change from development to production feedstock can shift tensile modulus by ±10% if the fiber length distribution is not controlled. Incoming material should therefore be monitored by ash content according to ISO 3451-1 and by capillary viscosity at 210°C and 100 s-1, rather than by MFR alone. After any change in glass-fiber sizing or source resin, injection molding parameters should be re-qualified; otherwise tight-tolerance pump flanges may lose dimensional capability due to altered shrinkage and warpage. If the material is reground, the addition of 10–20% clean in-house regrind is common, but fiber length will be reduced with each heat history cycle, and the regrind fraction should be fixed in the production control plan to avoid modulus drift.
