| HS Code | 494125 |
| Density | 1.05 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength | 38 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 300% |
| Flexural Modulus | 193 MPa |
| Notched Izod Impact Strength | 640 J/m |
| Melting Point | 191 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 0 45 Mpa | 70 °C |
| Heat Deflection Temperature 1 8 Mpa | 60 °C |
| Water Absorption 24 H | 0.3% |
| Water Absorption Saturation | 1.5% |
As an accredited Ashley Polymers Ashlene 935 Nylon 11 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg sealed polyethylene-lined bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped to protect against moisture and damage during transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load 20′ FCL with palletized bags of Ashley Polymers Ashlene 935 Nylon 11; secure cargo, protect from moisture and damage. |
| Shipping | Ship Ashlene 935 Nylon 11 in sealed, moisture-resistant containers to prevent water absorption. Keep away from excessive heat and open flames; material is non-hazardous but may generate dust. Store dry, ventilated area, and secure loads to prevent shifting during transit. |
| Storage | Store Ashley Polymers Ashlene 935 Nylon 11 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Ideal temperature range is 20-30°C. Under proper conditions, the material retains its properties for up to 12 months. Avoid exposure to UV radiation and humidity. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically five years when stored in original, unopened packaging in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. |
The specification of Ashlene 935 for nonmetallic air brake tubing on heavy-duty commercial vehicles follows a moisture-control hierarchy that begins at the dryer rather than at the compounder. Air brake tubing extruded from polyamide 11 is governed by SAE J844 and ISO 7628-2:2010, with performance criteria including burst pressure retention after heat aging at 100 °C, cold-impact flexibility at −40 °C, and resistance to zinc chloride stress cracking as defined in the SAE J844 test sequence. Converters processing Ashlene 935 pre-dry the resin to below 0.10 wt% moisture using desiccant dryers with dew point of −40 °C and residence time of 4–6 h at 80 °C, because residual moisture at the metering zone creates melt viscosity fluctuation and microvoid formation that translate directly into burst-test scatter. The production line consists of a single-screw extruder with L/D ratio between 30:1 and 33:1, a barrier screw at compression ratio from 2.8:1 to 3.2:1, and vacuum sizing maintained between −0.08 MPa and −0.10 MPa. Barrel temperature zones are set from 210 °C to 245 °C from feed throat to adapter, with the die head held at 230 °C to 240 °C. The compound is formulated as 100 parts by weight Ashlene 935 with 0.3–0.5 parts carbon black masterbatch for UV stabilization and 0.2–0.4 parts hindered phenolic stabilizer masterbatch, although the grade may already contain an internal stabilizer package. The tube is calibrated to outside diameters from 8 mm to 16 mm, marked with the SAE J844 identification code, coiled into 30 m to 100 m lengths, and inspected by laser micrometer at 100 percent line speed. The end product is coiled air brake tubing for truck, trailer, and bus pneumatic brake circuits operating from −40 °C to 100 °C under the SAE J844 classification.
Multilayer automotive fuel lines using Ashlene 935 in the fuel-contact or outer protective layer are specified under SAE J2260 and ISO 13775-2, where hydrocarbon permeation is measured in g/m²/day against reference fluids and cold-impact integrity is tested after thermal cycling. The polyamide 11 layer is co-extruded with a hydrocarbon barrier resin, typically ethylene vinyl alcohol, through a 3-layer or 5-layer die, and adhesion between Ashlene 935 and the barrier layer is maintained by an anhydride-modified polyolefin tie layer representing 5–8 wt% of total wall thickness. Ashlene 935 is metered at 92–95 wt% of the layer with 5–8 wt% impact modifier masterbatch when the outer layer also functions as stone-impact protection; in barrier-layer service, the letdown ratio is 100 parts Ashlene 935 to 2 parts carbon black masterbatch and 0.3 parts process stabilizer. The extrusion line uses a 5-layer spiral mandrel die with independent gear pumps per layer, holding the Ashlene 935 melt stream at 230 °C to 245 °C while the ethylene vinyl alcohol layer is kept below 220 °C to avoid thermal decomposition. This thermal offset is the critical processing constraint: an unmonitored zone above 225 °C on the barrier side generates gel particles that shorten burst life during SAE J2260 pressure cycling and cold-impact testing. Downstream, the tube passes through vacuum calibration, four-point ultrasonic wall-thickness scanning, and in-line leak testing at 0.5 MPa to 0.7 MPa. The terminal product is corrugated or smooth multilayer fuel line for gasoline, ethanol-blended fuels, and diesel return circuits, in outside diameters from 6 mm to 25 mm.
Ashlene 935 is used as the core tube in medium-pressure thermoplastic hydraulic hose assemblies referenced in ISO 3949 and SAE J517. The liner is extruded at 100 parts Ashlene 935 with 0.5 parts amide wax lubricant masterbatch to reduce die drool and improve surface finish at melt temperatures from 225 °C to 240 °C. The extrusion machine is a 38 mm single-screw unit with L/D ratio of 30:1 and a polyamide screw having vacuum venting, although the vacuum port is closed during routine output to prevent unstable melt flow at low liner thickness. The core tube, with inside diameter from 4.8 mm to 12.7 mm, is cooled in a water bath at 45 °C to slow crystal growth and preserve hoop tensile properties; cooling water below 35 °C has been observed to increase ovality beyond 0.15 mm in tubes with wall thickness under 1.2 mm. The liner is then braided with one or two layers of polyester or aramid yarn at 36–48 spindles per layer, followed by a polyurethane or polyamide 12 cover extruded at 190 °C to 210 °C. Because Ashlene 935 retains low-temperature flexibility without plasticizer, hydraulic hoses built on this liner pass the ISO 3949 low-temperature flexibility test at −40 °C and avoid plasticizer migration into the fluid path. The end product is compact hydraulic hose for mobile machinery, lubrication lines, and pneumatic control circuits rated for working pressures from 10 MPa to 35 MPa depending on braid construction.
In unbonded flexible pipe, polyamide 11 is extruded as the internal pressure sheath over a metallic carcass, and Ashlene 935 can be considered for this layer in static flowlines or risers requiring resistance to sour hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and methanol exposure. The governing standards are API Spec 17J for unbonded flexible pipe design and API RP 17B for qualification testing, with material qualification requiring tensile, creep, and aging data in exposure fluids at temperatures defined by the field design envelope. The extrusion process involves a planetary roller extruder or a single-screw extruder with L/D ratio of 33:1 and a grooved feed section, delivering the melt through a crosshead die onto the carcass at 225 °C to 245 °C. Ashlene 935 should be pre-dried to below 0.08 wt% moisture and processed with 0.3–0.5 parts processing stabilizer masterbatch; carbon black at 2.0–2.5 parts is specified for UV resistance when the sheath is exposed before armoring. A critical production control is the measurement of residual monomer and volatile content below the limit defined in API Spec 17J, because volatile content above the specified limit leads to blistering during pressure release at high operating pressures. The terminal product is the internal pressure sheath inside a multi-layer unbonded flexible pipe assembly used for offshore oil and gas production, water injection, or gas lift service. Published data for this specific Ashlene 935 configuration in deep-water dynamic riser service is limited; qualification must be completed at converter and end-user level before field installation.
For sensor and control cable jackets in automotive and industrial automation environments, Ashlene 935 is extruded as a thin-wall sheath over twisted-pair or multi-conductor bundles where dimensional stability after fluid immersion under ISO 6722 and resistance to hydraulic fluids at elevated temperature are required. The converter applies Ashlene 935 at 100 parts by weight with 0.2–0.4 parts carbon black masterbatch or 0.5–1.0 parts color masterbatch, and pre-dries the resin to below 0.10 wt% moisture because steam volatilization from thin-wall sheathing increases surface roughness and lowers abrasion resistance. The cable sheathing line uses a crosshead die and pressure-type extrusion with melt temperature between 225 °C and 240 °C, followed by cooling trough segments at 40 °C to 60 °C to prevent sheath cracking when the cable is coiled on 300 mm to 600 mm drums. The governing specification for automotive single-core cables is ISO 6722, including short-term aging at 100 °C or 125 °C depending on temperature class and abrasion testing; for industrial sensor cables, UL 13 vertical flame test data is not established for Ashlene 935 and must be generated at the converter level. The end product is jacketed sensor, actuator, and control cable with outside diameters from 2.5 mm to 8.0 mm, used in engine compartments, robotic cells, and fluid-power equipment.
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Polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 are both long-chain polyamides, but their different methylene-to-amide ratios produce measurable differences in moisture uptake, chemical resistance, and low-temperature ductility. For unfilled PA11, the notched Charpy impact at -30°C commonly remains above 5 kJ/m² when tested per ISO 179-1:2010/1eA; comparable unfilled PA12 grades typically fall within 4–6 kJ/m². The difference becomes more relevant in pneumatic air brake tubing, where cold-impact resistance is evaluated under SAE J844 and DIN 73378 conditions. In hydrocarbon barrier performance, PA11 exhibits lower permeation to fuel components than PA12 in multi-layer constructions, although published data for this specific Ashlene 935 formulation are limited. When the grade is coextruded with PVDF or ETFE tie layers, the barrier contribution of the PA11 layer is measured in g·mm/m²·day against CE10 and CE85 test fuels under SAE J1737 or ISO 13775. The exact permeation coefficient must be determined on the completed hose assembly because layer thickness, tie-layer adhesion, and extrusion drawdown alter the result.
In injection molding of Ashlene 935, a reciprocating screw with an L/D ratio of 20:1–30:1 and a compression ratio of 2.5:1–3.0:1 is used. The barrel temperature profile is typically set from 220°C at the rear zone to 240°C at the front zone and 250°C at the nozzle, while mold temperature is maintained between 20°C and 80°C. A higher mold temperature within that range reduces frozen-in orientation in thin-wall sections and improves weld-line strength, but it also increases cooling time. Because polyamide 11 is hygroscopic, pre-drying is mandatory when storage relative humidity exceeds 60%. Drying should be performed in a desiccant dryer with a dew point of ≤ -40°C at 80°C for 4–6 h to reach a residual moisture content below 0.10% by Karl Fischer titration per ISO 15512:2019. Failure to maintain this moisture limit results in hydrolysis during melt processing, observable as a drop in melt viscosity, surface splay, and a reduction in tensile elongation after molding. On production-scale equipment, batch-to-batch variance in initial moisture content requires periodic verification of dryer dew point and outlet air temperature.
The melting temperature of 185–190°C for PA11 is 35–40°C lower than that of PA66, so drying programs developed for PA66 should not be transferred without adjustment. Drying Ashlene 935 at 120°C for extended residence times does not accelerate moisture removal; it initiates oxidative yellowing and chain scission at the amide linkages. The recommended drying temperature of 80°C corresponds to a point below the onset of appreciable thermo-oxidative degradation, which is typically reported at ≥ 250°C for unfilled PA11 under nitrogen per ISO 11358-1:2022. In hot-air hopper dryers without desiccant beds, moisture removal is limited by the ambient air dew point, and equilibrium moisture content may remain above 0.15% even at 80°C. Therefore, only closed-loop desiccant dryers with a dew point of ≤ -40°C are appropriate for long runs. The drying hopper should be insulated to prevent condensation at the hopper throat, particularly in plants where ambient relative humidity exceeds 60%.
Profile and tubing extrusion of Ashlene 935 uses a single-screw extruder with a barrier screw and an L/D ratio of 24:1–30:1. Melt temperature at the adapter is typically held at 210–250°C, and the head pressure is maintained below 200 bar to avoid excessive shear heating. Screen packs with mesh sizes of 80/120/80 are placed before the breaker plate to trap carbonized particles and protect the die. Downstream calibration is performed in a vacuum water tank, where the first cooling zone is held at 20–40°C to set the outer skin. For pneumatic tubing requiring dimensional stability under SAE J844, the drawdown ratio is kept between 1.5:1 and 2.5:1; higher drawdown increases orientation and burst strength but reduces cold-impact resistance. The extrudate should be dried to a surface moisture level below 0.10% before winding, as moisture trapped between coil layers can cause surface haze and microbubbles during subsequent thermal conditioning.
In fuel vapor line construction, Ashlene 935 may be used as the inner or outer polyamide layer in a coextruded structure that includes EVOH, PVDF, or fluoroelastomer tie layers. The hydrocarbon barrier is not an intrinsic property of the PA11 layer alone; it is a system property determined by the continuity of the barrier layer and the adhesive quality of the tie layers. For a 1.0 mm wall fuel line, a barrier layer thickness variation of ±0.05 mm requires permeation testing per SAE J1737 or ISO 13775 to quantify the resulting change in barrier function. Extruder screw speed and gear pump suction pressure must be controlled to ±1% to maintain layer uniformity. In practice, a closed-loop melt pump is installed between the extruder and the coextrusion die to decouple extruder pressure fluctuations from die flow. The melt pump inlet pressure is maintained between 30 bar and 80 bar, and the die temperature is trimmed within ±2°C across the die lip. Published data for the specific Ashlene 935 layer under these conditions are limited, so permeation coupon testing must be performed on the actual coextruded structure before production release.
The table compares representative published values for unfilled PA11 base resin with unfilled PA12 and PA6. Values are drawn from standard injection-molded specimens conditioned to 23°C/50% RH unless otherwise noted. They are not a substitute for Ashlene 935 lot data.
| Property | Test method | Unfilled PA11 | Unfilled PA12 | Unfilled PA6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.03–1.05 g/cm³ | 1.01–1.02 g/cm³ | 1.13–1.14 g/cm³ |
| Melting temperature (DSC, 10°C/min) | ISO 11357-3:2018 | 185–190°C | 176–180°C | 220–225°C |
| Tensile stress at yield | ISO 527-1:2019 | 42–50 MPa | 45–55 MPa | 75–85 MPa |
| Elongation at break | ISO 527-1:2019 | >200% | >200% | 20–50% |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178:2019 | 1000–1400 MPa | 1200–1600 MPa | 2600–3000 MPa |
| Water absorption at 23°C/50% RH | ISO 62:2008 | 0.8–1.0% | 0.6–0.8% | 2.5–3.0% |
The low moisture absorption of PA11 relative to PA6 results in better retention of dry-as-molded dimensions in humid service environments, but the property is not equivalent to hydrolytic stability in hot aqueous acid or alkaline media. Ashlene 935 should not be specified in continuous hot-water service above 60°C without testing for tensile stress crack resistance because absorbed water exerts a plasticizing effect and reduces tensile modulus by approximately 15–20% relative to dry values. Strong acids, oxidizing agents, and calcium chloride solutions can accelerate stress cracking in molded parts under residual clamp load. The material is generally resistant to aliphatic hydrocarbons, oils, and greases, but compatibility with aggressive oxygenated fuels must be verified under SAE J1681 or ASTM D471-16 pre-aging. Additives that generate free radicals or strong bases, such as certain hindered amine stabilizers, may alter melt viscosity and should be approved by the resin supplier.
Injection molders and extrusion processors should measure the apparent melt viscosity of Ashlene 935 on a capillary rheometer per ISO 11443:2021 at shear rates from 100 s⁻¹ to 5000 s⁻¹. The melt is shear-thinning, and the viscosity at 1000 s⁻¹ and 230°C typically falls within 150–250 Pa·s for unfilled PA11. Molding machines with excessive residence time, such as those with shot size less than 30% of barrel capacity, promote thermal degradation. The recommended residence time at 230°C is below 10 min; at 250°C it should not exceed 5 min. When hot runner systems are used, dead spots at the nozzle tip or valve pin must be eliminated, because stagnation at 250°C can produce black specks and a drop in melt strength within 15 min. Processors should compare the melt flow rate before and after a 30 min hold at 230°C; a change greater than 10% indicates inadequate thermal stabilizer content or contaminated regrind.
Regrind addition up to 20% by weight is common in non-critical injection molded parts if the regrind is dry and free of fines. Higher regrind fractions reduce impact resistance and increase variability in tensile elongation because each heat history shortens the average molecular chain length. In extrusion of air brake tubing per SAE J844, regrind is generally not permitted unless the specific construction passes the complete qualification sequence, including cold-impact and bursting pressure. Particulate contamination above 0.1 mm can create pinholes in thin-wall tubing, so the material should be passed through a 100-mesh screen pack and the hopper loader should include a magnetic grid to capture tramp metal.
Within the Ashlene PA11 series, the numeric suffix 935 corresponds to a restricted melt flow range that suits both thin-wall injection molding and small-diameter tube extrusion. General-purpose PA11 grades may span a melt volume-flow rate from 5 cm³/10 min to 30 cm³/10 min at 235°C with a 2.16 kg load per ISO 1133-1:2022. A restricted-viscosity grade such as 935 is typically held to a narrower band, often 10–20 cm³/10 min, to stabilize fill pressure and screw recovery time. If the actual lot certificate lists a melt flow rate outside that range, the processing window will shift: lower melt flow rate increases injection pressure and may cause short shots in thin-wall sections, while higher melt flow rate reduces melt strength and may cause die drool in profile extrusion. These shifts are measurable on a 100-ton hydraulic injection molding machine as a 5–10% change in peak injection pressure for the same cavity geometry.
Application fields for Ashlene 935 include flexible pneumatic tubing, cable sheathing, fluid handling lines, and injection-molded clips that require cold-impact ductility and chemical resistance. Before selecting the grade for a new design, the design engineer should obtain the supplier certificate of analysis and compare the lot-specific moisture content, melt flow rate, and tensile modulus against the part validation plan. Conformity to REACH and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU should be confirmed with the supplier for the specific production site.
| Processing parameter | Recommended value | Measurement/equipment reference |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-drying temperature | 80°C | Desiccant dryer with dew point ≤ -40°C |
| Pre-drying time | 4–6 h | Closed-loop desiccant hopper dryer |
| Residual moisture before melt processing | ≤ 0.10% | Karl Fischer titration per ISO 15512:2019 |
| Injection barrel profile (rear/center/front/nozzle) | 220/230/240/250°C | Reciprocating screw, L/D 20:1–30:1 |
| Mold temperature | 20–80°C | Thermolator with ±2°C control |
| Melt temperature at nozzle | 200–260°C | Infrared or needle pyrometer |
| Maximum residence time at 230°C | 10 min | Capillary rheometer per ISO 11443:2021 |
| Extrusion melt temperature | 210–250°C | Single-screw extruder, L/D 24:1–30:1 |
| Screen pack mesh | 80/120/80 | Barrier screw with breaker plate |
