| HS Code | 123448 |
| Product Name | Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11 |
| Material | Polyamide 11 (PA11) |
| Color | Grey |
| Density | 1.04 g/cm³ |
| Bulk Density | 0.49 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 186 °C |
| Median Particle Size | 50 µm |
| Tensile Strength | 50 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 300% |
| Shore Hardness | 75 Shore D |
| Water Absorption | 1.0% at saturation |
| Moisture Content | <0.5% |
As an accredited Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 25 kg multi-layer paper bags with polyethylene liner, ensuring safe containment of fine grey PA11 powder. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20’ FCL loading of Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11, a polyamide 11 powder, packed securely for transport. |
| Shipping | Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11 ships as a non-hazardous thermoplastic powder. Packaged in moisture-resistant bags or drums to prevent clumping. Standard dry container transport is suitable; avoid exposure to humidity, excessive heat, or direct sunlight. Ensure secure palletization to prevent damage during transit. |
| Storage | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, ignition sources, and direct sunlight. Keep the original container tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid generating dust clouds. Under proper conditions, shelf life is approximately two years. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically two years when stored in original, unopened containers in a cool, dry place. |
For dishwasher basket assemblies manufactured from cold-drawn mild steel wire, the metal surface is first degreased and conditioned with an iron phosphate conversion coating that deposits 1.5 g/m² to 3.0 g/m² of crystalline phosphate. The dry substrate is preheated in a forced-air convection oven at 320°C to 360°C with air velocity set between 3 m/s and 5 m/s; a basket mass of 2.5 kg typically requires 10 min to 15 min to reach uniform metal temperature. The heated part is immersed in a fluidised bed containing Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11. Dip dwell is held at 4 s to 12 s, followed by a post-heat cycle at 180°C to 200°C for 5 min to 10 min to complete melt flow and film densification. The resulting topcoat is 250 µm to 500 µm thick. Cross-cut adhesion is assessed according to ISO 2409; classification 0 or 1 is expected on properly phosphated steel, while detachment beyond 5% of the lattice area indicates low substrate temperature or phosphate dust contamination. Impact toughness is verified by ISO 6272-2 using a 2 kg weight dropped from 500 mm; brittle fracture below that energy is normally associated with over-baking above 210°C for more than 20 min or with moist powder. Powder stored or handled at relative humidity above 60% should be dried at 80°C for 4 h in a desiccant air dryer; a water content above 0.2% determined by Karl Fischer titration produces pinholing and micro-voids during fusion. Oversized particles above 200 µm are screened out before charging to the fluidised bed because they cause rough film surfaces and incomplete interparticle coalescence. In dishwasher service, the coating withstands alkaline detergent solutions between pH 10 and pH 12 and repeated wash cycles at 55°C to 75°C. Immersion in strongly acidic descalers above 60°C is not recommended without specific chemical resistance testing per ISO 2812-1.
In automotive tube clamp production, electrostatic spray application of the grey PA11 fine powder is specified where a 150 µm to 250 µm coating must resist engine-bay thermal cycling and abrasion from adjacent pipework. The powder is charged with a corona gun operated at 60 kV to 80 kV negative polarity and gun current 20 µA to 50 µA. Powder feed from a fluidised hopper is maintained at 0.5 bar to 1.5 bar air pressure through a hose not longer than 6 m; longer transfer lines reduce charge-to-mass ratio and transfer efficiency. The melting range of PA11 homopolymer measured by ISO 11357-3 is approximately 180°C to 189°C; curing below 180°C leaves interparticle voids and poor coalescence. Coated parts are stoved at 190°C to 210°C for 3 min to 5 min in a forced-convection oven. Edge coverage problems arise from Faraday cage effects in concave areas, ear clamps, and overlapping weld tabs; these zones require reduced voltage of 50 kV to 60 kV and a gun-to-part distance of 200 mm to 300 mm. Adhesion is checked by ISO 2409 cross-cut classification 0 or 1 after cure, and by mandrel bend testing according to ASTM D522 over a 6 mm mandrel. Thermal cycling can be executed under ISO 16750-4 from −40°C to 150°C; no cracking or adhesion loss should occur after 100 cycles. Reclaimed overspray should be sieved through 125 µm mesh before blending and must be limited to 20 wt% of virgin powder; higher reclaim fractions increase fines below 10 µm and cause spitting, back-ionisation, and orange peel. The grey pigment in ES GREY 49 MAC gives uniform hiding on welded regions, but dry-film thickness below 120 µm at sharp edges may generate early corrosion creep under ISO 9227 neutral salt spray after 720 h.
After grit-blasting to ISO 8501-1 Sa 2.5 or SSPC-SP 10/NACE No. 2, pipe spools, valve bodies and pump housings are rotolined with the same PA11 powder to create a seamless internal corrosion barrier of 2 mm to 5 mm. The clean steel cavity is preheated at 280°C to 300°C in a gas or electric oven. A pre-weighed powder charge is introduced into the hot cavity, and the part is rotated biaxially at 6 rpm to 12 rpm on the major axis and 2 rpm to 5 rpm on the minor axis for 20 min to 40 min. Cooling below 120°C before demolding reduces liner shrinkage stress and prevents flange distortion. Liner thickness is verified with an ultrasonic gauge calibrated for unfilled PA11 density of 1.04 g/cm³; local thickness below 2 mm at flange faces requires recasting or part rejection. Holiday spark testing is performed according to NACE SP0188, with voltage calculated from measured thickness, typically 5 kV to 15 kV for 2 mm to 5 mm liners and probe sweep speed not exceeding 300 mm/s. Adhesion is evaluated on a destructive coupon by ASTM D4541 pull-off; cohesive failure within the PA11 layer is preferred over adhesive detachment at the steel interface. Chemical compatibility is confirmed with immersion testing per ISO 2812-1 for the intended service fluid, temperature, and pressure. Continuous service should be limited to 120°C in aqueous media and 100°C where the medium is a known strong swelling agent. Concentrated oxidising acids, phenols, and strong polar solvents require separate validation. Production bottlenecks occur when blind flanges or valve pockets trap air and produce thin spots; these geometries require venting or a modified multi-axis rotation program.
When a thermoplastic matrix is required for continuous glass-fibre fabrics, PA11 fine powder is applied by powder-scatter or suspension impregnation to form composite preforms for structural inserts, sports-equipment shells and battery-pack reinforcement panels. The fibre-to-matrix mass ratio is controlled between 60:40 and 75:25; matrix fractions below 25 wt% produce dry fibre zones and interlaminar delamination under load. The impregnated stack is consolidated in a heated hydraulic press at 210°C to 230°C under 0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa for 10 min to 20 min, with vacuum applied during the first 5 min to remove entrained air. The mould is cooled to 80°C before demolding to stabilise dimensions. Flexural modulus and interlaminar shear strength are measured according to ISO 14125 and ISO 14130; published data for this specific grey-pigmented PA11 powder in glass-fibre commingled systems is limited, so qualification panels must be produced with the exact fabric sizing, powder particle size distribution, and consolidation pressure. Because the pigment and stabiliser package may shift melt viscosity, the powder melt flow rate should be measured per ISO 1133-1 at 235°C with 2.16 kg load before scaling. PA11 contributes low water uptake measured by ISO 62; saturation moisture in the unfilled homopolymer is typically 1.9%, compared with 9% to 10% for PA6. This limits wet-condition property loss in composite parts exposed to humidity cycling.
| Application scenario | Critical processing window | Film or matrix thickness | Primary test standards |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fluidised-bed dip coating of dishwasher wirework | Preheat 320°C–360°C; dip 4 s–12 s; cure 180°C–200°C | 250 µm–500 µm | ISO 2409, ISO 6272-2, ISO 9227 |
| Electrostatic spray of automotive clamps | 60 kV–80 kV; cure 190°C–210°C | 150 µm–250 µm | ISO 2409, ASTM D522, ISO 16750-4 |
| Rotolining of pipework and valves | 280°C–300°C; rotation 6 rpm–12 rpm | 2 mm–5 mm | ASTM D4541, NACE SP0188, ISO 2812-1 |
| Glass-fibre composite preform consolidation | 210°C–230°C; 0.5 MPa–1.0 MPa | Matrix 25 wt%–40 wt% | ISO 14125, ISO 14130, ISO 1133-1 |
| Outdoor furniture and architectural topcoat | Primer 20 µm–40 µm; cure 190°C–210°C | 250 µm–400 µm | ISO 6272-2, ASTM G154, ISO 9227 |
| Food-contact machine guarding | Cure 190°C–200°C; washdown 80°C max | 150 µm–300 µm | FDA 21 CFR 177.1500, EU 10/2011, ISO 868 |
Outdoor furniture frames, guardrails and architectural fittings are coated with ES GREY 49 MAC as a pigmented PA11 topcoat to combine low-temperature impact resistance with controlled gloss retention under moderate UV exposure. The specification is normally a two-coat system: a zinc-rich epoxy or polyester primer of 20 µm to 40 µm is stoved according to the primer supplier's data sheet before the PA11 topcoat is applied by fluidised-bed dipping to 250 µm to 400 µm. The topcoat is cured at 190°C to 210°C for 3 min to 6 min; the lower end is preferred when the primer film is near its maximum thickness to avoid blistering. Reverse impact resistance is measured by ISO 6272-2 using a 2 kg weight from 500 mm; no adhesion loss or cracking is permitted. Hardness is recorded with a Shore D durometer according to ISO 868 and typically falls between 70 and 75 for unfilled PA11. Accelerated weathering is carried out with ASTM G154 cycle 1; colour change and gloss retention must be evaluated against the exact grey pigment loading of ES GREY 49 MAC because unpigmented PA11 chalks faster. Incoming powder should be checked for dry-film colour under ISO 11664-4 and melt flow under ISO 1133-1; lot-to-lot pigment dispersion shifts surface gloss and cure flow. Holiday detection is performed with voltage based on measured film thickness according to NACE SP0188. Pinholes over welds or cut edges lead to underfilm corrosion creep under ISO 9227 neutral salt spray after 1,000 h. Cure temperature must not exceed 220°C; oxidative degradation causes yellowing, gloss loss, and impact embrittlement. Service exposure to strong alkaline cleaning agents above 80°C should be avoided.
For machine guarding, drip trays and guide rails in food-processing environments, the PA11 fine powder is applied by electrostatic spray or fluidised-bed dip to produce a smooth, impact-resistant surface of 150 µm to 300 µm. Food-contact suitability depends on the final article and the base resin compliance under FDA 21 CFR 177.1500; for European Union supply, overall migration testing according to EU Regulation 10/2011 and organoleptic evaluation are conducted on the coated part. The metal preparation sequence uses degreasing and an iron phosphate or stainless-steel phosphate conversion treatment; the powder is then cured at 190°C to 200°C for 3 min to 5 min. Surface smoothness and pore-free coalescence are critical because voids and sharp inclusions harbour bacterial biofilms; the cured film is inspected with a holiday detector and a wetting agent. Hardness is measured by ISO 868 and should reach at least 70 Shore D. Abrasion resistance is measured by ASTM D4060 using a CS-17 wheel at 1,000 g load; acceptance values are set against control panels because published data for this specific grey-pigmented grade is limited. The coating withstands repeated washdown with hot water at 80°C and diluted quaternary ammonium sanitisers. Continuous contact with concentrated hypochlorite solution above 50°C requires separate validation because oxidative attack may cause microcracking and loss of adhesion. Reclaimed powder from non-food-grade coating lines must not be blended into this stream; cross-contamination invalidates food-contact declarations and may alter migration performance.
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Arkema Rilsan Fine Powders ES GREY 49 MAC PA11 is a semi-crystalline polyamide 11 powder coating grade supplied for electrostatic spray deposition on metallic substrates. The base polymer is produced from 11-aminoundecanoic acid derived from castor oil; the polyamide 11 backbone has lower amide-group density than short-chain polyamides, which reduces water uptake and improves dimensional stability in humid service. The product identifier ES distinguishes the fine-particle size distribution intended for corona charging, GREY 49 designates a specific grey pigment, and MAC identifies a formulation subset within the ES range. The manufacturer’s certificate of analysis governs lot-specific particle-size distribution, gel time, moisture content and pigment concentration. Pigmented PA11 powders of this class are assessed by the ISO 8130 series for powder-coating process behaviour, while base-resin physical properties are anchored to ISO 1183, ISO 11357 and ISO 868.
Physical property conformance for the PA11 base polymer is established by a small set of standardized tests. The grey pigment does not normally shift the melting peak by more than a few degrees, but lot-specific additive loadings can alter melt flow and film coalescence; published data for the exact ES GREY 49 MAC formulation is limited. Typical values for unmodified PA11 coating powders are compared in the table below.
| Property | Test method | Typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.04–1.05 g/cm³ |
| Melting peak, second heat | ISO 11357-3 | 184–188 °C |
| Shore D hardness | ISO 868 | 70–75 |
| Water absorption at saturation, 23 °C | ISO 62 | 1.9–2.1% |
Particle-size distribution is equally process-critical. For electrostatic spray application of PA11 powders, the D50 is generally controlled between 80 µm and 125 µm when measured by laser diffraction according to ISO 8130-13; the D90 is typically held below 180 µm to limit spitting and orange peel. Fines below 10 µm reduce fluidization quality and increase moisture sensitivity. The precise D10, D50 and D90 for ES GREY 49 MAC should be obtained from the certificate of analysis, because a particle-size shift of as little as 15 µm in D50 can alter transfer efficiency and Faraday-penetration behaviour on production lines.
On production lines, the powder is fluidized in stainless-steel hoppers and conveyed by venturi pumps to corona-charging guns. Typical equipment includes Gema OptiFlex Pro B and Nordson Encore HD systems; these units operate at tip voltages from 60 kV to 100 kV, with total air pressure between 2.0 bar and 3.5 bar. Powder output is commonly set between 50 g/min and 250 g/min, depending on part complexity and line speed. Workpiece grounding must be verified to a resistance below 1 MΩ, measured from the hanger to earth per IEC 61340-5-1; otherwise back-ionization and poor wrap-around occur. Booth face velocity is maintained at 0.4–0.6 m/s to control airborne dust while allowing overspray capture. Reclaim systems should screen recovered powder through an ultrasonic sieve at 150 µm or smaller before reintroduction. Reclaim addition above 30% of total feed can shift the particle-size distribution toward fines, reduce first-pass transfer efficiency and increase spitting in deep recesses.
Faraday penetration is limited by electrostatic behaviour in interior corners and holes. For PA11 powders with D50 above 100 µm, charged particles may deposit preferentially on edges and outside surfaces. Reducing powder output, increasing gun voltage or using tribo charging can improve penetration but may alter film-thickness distribution. Parts with hole diameters below 25 mm should be evaluated for auxiliary internal coating or fluidized-bed dipping. Transfer efficiency on multi-part racks is monitored by weighing reclaimed powder over a defined run; changes greater than 10% in reclaim ratio typically indicate feed-rate drift, moisture uptake or grounding fault.
At relative humidity above 60%, the powder adsorbs surface moisture that appears as micro-bubbles or pinholes after cure. Material stored in unsealed containers in high-humidity plants should be pre-dried at 80–90 °C for 2–4 h in a dehumidified oven with a dew point below −30 °C. Karl Fischer moisture before spraying should remain below 0.2 wt%. Opened containers are typically consumed within 30 days when stored at 15–25 °C. This powder is not formulated with amine-based curing agents; contact with amine-containing primers, booth cleaners or substrate residues can shift melt viscosity and yellow the grey film. Production experience indicates that batch-to-batch variance in PA11 fine powders is most often related to particle-size distribution and moisture content rather than base-resin molecular weight.
The ES powder designation is selected for electrostatic spray, but the same base chemistry can be evaluated for fluidized-bed immersion when coating wire goods, baskets and heavy castings. In this process, parts are preheated to 250–300 °C and immersed in a fluidized bed aerated at 0.5–1.5 bar. Bed temperature is held below 40 °C to prevent agglomeration. Immersion time of 2–8 s controls deposit thickness; heavier parts release stored heat that completes coalescence. Post-dip cure is carried out at a metal-surface temperature of 190–210 °C for 5–10 min. Thicker sections require longer soak times to ensure the substrate remains above the minimum film-formation temperature across the entire mass. Dry film thickness from fluidized-bed processing can range from 200 µm to 600 µm. Fluidized-bed immersion produces higher film build on edges and wires, while electrostatic spray gives better control of thin films on sheet-metal enclosures and fabricated housings.
Selection between PA11, PA12 and PA6 fine powders is determined by moisture resistance, thermal requirements and substrate preheat limitations. PA11 has a density and melting point slightly above PA12 and below PA6. PA11 is derived from renewable castor oil, but this does not automatically establish the renewable carbon share of the grey-pigmented grade; the renewable carbon content must be verified by EN 16785-1 or equivalent. The table below compares base polymers.
| Characteristic | PA11 ES GREY 49 MAC base | PA12 fine powder | PA6 fine powder |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 1.04–1.05 g/cm³ | 1.01–1.03 g/cm³ | 1.12–1.14 g/cm³ |
| Melting peak | 184–188 °C | 176–180 °C | 220–225 °C |
| Water absorption at saturation | 1.9–2.1% | 1.5–1.7% | 9.5–10.5% |
These differences affect process choices. PA12’s lower melting point permits lower preheat and reduces thermal stress on heat-sensitive substrates, but its lower glass transition can reduce hardness at elevated service temperatures. PA6 requires higher preheat and absorbs significantly more water; this can cause dimensional instability in humid service. PA11 occupies an intermediate position, with higher low-temperature impact resistance than PA6 and better stress-cracking resistance than short-chain aliphatic polyamides. The grey 49 MAC pigment package may influence edge coverage and gloss, but it does not change the fundamental melting hierarchy.
Compliance documentation for this product requires a three-level check: resin status, formulation status and application-specific approval. The PA11 base resin is listed in FDA 21 CFR 177.1500 for nylon resins in food-contact articles and is regulated by EU 10/2011 for plastic food-contact materials; however, the grey pigment and stabilizer package in ES GREY 49 MAC require separate verification before food-contact use. For potable-water components, NSF/ANSI 61 or equivalent listing must be established for the exact grade, not the base polymer alone. Electrical and electronic applications apply the restrictions of 2011/65/EU RoHS; a lot-specific declaration for lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, PBB and PBDE is required. Incoming inspection of the powder typically includes gel time by ISO 8130-6, dry flow by ISO 8130-5 and particle-size distribution by ISO 8130-13. These tests are performed at 23 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5% RH unless otherwise specified.
Corrosion protection by PA11 on ferrous substrates is barrier-dominated. Dry film thickness below 200 µm increases the likelihood of pinholes and early rust bloom under neutral salt spray. The common specification range for industrial corrosion service is 250–400 µm; heavy-duty immersion or offshore exposure can require 500–600 µm. The substrate must be abrasive blasted to Sa 2.5 per ISO 8501-1, with an angular profile of 50–100 µm. Soluble salt contamination, expressed as chloride, should be below 20 mg/m² to avoid osmotic blisters at the interface. Adhesion is verified by ISO 2409 cross-cut or ISO 4624 pull-off; durability is assessed by neutral salt spray per ISO 9227. Coated parts in high-humidity condensation testing per ISO 6270-2 can show greater sensitivity to surface-preparation defects than to polymer choice.
Processing boundaries for ES GREY 49 MAC include low tolerance for amine contamination, moisture above 0.2 wt%, and prolonged substrate preheat above 300 °C. Excessively high preheat or cure above 220 °C can cause yellowing of the grey pigment and embrittlement. Internal diameters below 25 mm often show poor electrostatic penetration; auxiliary tribo guns, extended nozzles or preheated parts may be used but do not guarantee uniform film. The powder should be kept dry and cool; repeated freeze-thaw cycles are not recommended. Batch-to-batch colour consistency for grey 49 should be verified against a retained master using a spectrophotometer with D65 illuminant and 10° observer per ISO 11664-4. Published data for this exact grade under all field conditions is limited; plant trials with the specific line geometry and substrate remain the final qualification route.
