| HS Code | 159056 |
| Material Type | Multi-Material Composite |
| Base Materials | VisiJet CR-WT 200 and VisiJet CE-NT |
| Color | White |
| Hardness | 55 Shore D |
| Tensile Strength | 12 MPa |
| Tensile Modulus | 400 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 50% |
| Flexural Strength | 20 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 300 MPa |
| Notched Izod Impact | 100 J/m |
| Heat Deflection Temperature At 0 45 Mpa | 50 °C |
| Density | 1.10 g/cm³ |
As an accredited 3D Systems VisiJet RWT-ENT-D55 Multi-Material Composites (VisiJet CR-WT 200** + VisiJet CE-NT) factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
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The RWT-ENT-D55 multi-material set, composed of CR-WT 200 castable pattern build material and CE-NT support phase, is applied in precious-metal investment casting lines where stone-setting undercuts, filigree geometry, and hollow bracelet interiors exceed the dimensional capability of conventional wax injection tooling. In these production environments, CR-WT 200 is jetted at 100% as-supplied concentration without wax compounding additives, solvent thinning, or reactive diluent addition at foundry level; CE-NT is loaded in a separate MultiJet Printing reservoir and consumed only as required by unsupported overhangs, undercut geometry, and temporary anchoring needs. Support-to-total-material consumption in filigree-dense ring tree production is consistently logged between 12 wt% and 35 wt%, depending on the number of micro-pavé setting bridges and the depth of negative draft inside hollow shank sections, although published normalized data for this specific build material set remains limited. After printing, CE-NT is removed in the machine-specific post-processing station before pattern cleaning; the finished patterns are affixed to a central wax sprue with sticky wax or pattern wax, treeed under climate-controlled conditions at 20–24 °C, and invested in gypsum-bonded refractory at a water-to-powder ratio of 38–42 mL/100 g. The flask is then processed through a staged forced-air burn-out cycle with a maximum temperature of 700–730 °C over 8–10 h, followed by centrifugal or static casting of 18K gold, Pt 950, or sterling silver. Compliance documentation for the terminal jewellery products references ISO 9202:2019 for precious metal fineness, REACH Annex XVII Entry 27 for nickel release control in articles intended for skin contact, and ISO 9001:2015 for lot traceability from printed pattern to finished casting. Terminal product types include engagement rings, signet rings, pendants, hollow bracelets, micro-pavé cluster settings, custom service awards, and limited-edition fashion jewellery. The principal operational boundary is dimensional drift under uncontrolled ambient moisture: when relative humidity exceeds 60%, unbaked patterns may require pre-tree conditioning and re-qualification of the burn-out schedule to prevent shell cracking during cast.
In dental laboratories producing cobalt-chromium removable partial denture frameworks, the substitution of hand-waxed or milled PMMA patterns with the CR-WT 200/CE-NT pair alters the pattern-elimination step rather than the alloy melting route. No monomer, plasticizer, or wax modifier is added to the build material; CR-WT 200 is deposited at 100% as-supplied concentration by the MultiJet Printing head, while CE-NT support material is consumed independently, with support mass fraction in dental framework nests typically constrained to 15–30 wt% by clasp orientation, vertical insertion-path design, and the need to preserve thin lingual bar contours. After post-print removal of CE-NT, the pattern is invested in a phosphate-bonded refractory using the investment manufacturer’s liquid-to-powder ratio recommendation, commonly reported between 22 mL/100 g and 25 mL/100 g, and the ring is heated through a staged burn-out that holds at 250–300 °C for wax elimination before ramping to 850–950 °C for the CoCr casting operation. Melting is performed by induction under argon partial pressure, and the cast framework is air-cooled, divested, blasted, and finished. Standards governing the terminal device include ISO 22674:2016 for dental metallic materials, ISO 10993-1:2018 for biological evaluation of medical devices, ISO 13485:2016 for the laboratory quality management system, and ASTM F75-18 where the casting alloy is supplied as surgical implant-grade CoCrMo. Terminal product types include removable partial denture frameworks, fixed bridge copings, implant bar overdenture frameworks, and orthodontic clasp assemblies. A process limitation is that incomplete removal of CE-NT from thin clasp patterns can generate gas porosity during rapid induction ramp; published data on CE-NT burn-out in phosphate-bonded investments is limited, and each laboratory is required to validate residual carbon through sectioned casting coupons before serial production.
Single-crystal and directionally solidified nickel-base superalloy components require sacrificial patterns whose thermal expansion and shell compatibility do not compromise the primary ceramic face coat or induce shell cracking during autoclave dewax. In aerospace investment casting, CR-WT 200 is jetted as the 100% direct castable pattern material without foundry-level wax filler addition or reactive modifier loading; CE-NT is generated separately for serpentine internal cooling galleries, tip shroud overhangs, and trailing-edge pin arrays, with support-to-pattern volume in cored blade geometries logged by production job shops between 25% and 45% depending on trailing-edge pin density and the number of internal rib structures. The assembled pattern clusters are dipped in a colloidal silica-zircon prime slurry, stuccoed with fine zircon or alumina, and backed with 7–9 aluminosilicate layers until shell thickness reaches 10–15 mm. Dewax is performed in an autoclave at 150–170 °C and 0.6–0.8 MPa steam pressure for 15–30 min, followed by shell firing at 1000–1100 °C and vacuum induction melting of the nickel-based alloy. Compliance references include AS9100D for aerospace quality management, AMS 2175 for casting classification and inspection, and ISO 9001:2015 for foundry process control. Terminal product types include high-pressure turbine blades, nozzle guide vanes, equiaxed vane segments, and structural hangers. The principal operational boundary is the absence of published peer-reviewed shell reactivity data for the CR-WT 200/CE-NT pair in single-crystal foundries; pre-production trials with the prime coat slurry, autoclave dewax profile, and shell firing cycle are required before first article approval.
For stainless steel valve bodies, pump impellers, and turbocharger compressor wheels cast in jobbing foundries, pattern cost is governed less by raw material price than by the ability to hold internal core geometry without assembled wax injection tooling. CR-WT 200 is jetted at 100% as-supplied concentration as the sacrificial pattern build material, while CE-NT is consumed as a separate support phase; support mass fraction in simple gate valve body geometries is often held to 10–25 wt%, and in cored pump impellers with volute backdraft it reaches 30–40 wt% because the support phase must occupy the inaccessible suction-side cavity during printing. After post-print removal of CE-NT, the patterns are attached to wax runners, coated with a colloidal silica prime slurry and successive aluminosilicate stucco layers, dewatered in a steam autoclave at 150–170 °C, and fired at 980–1050 °C before air-melt pouring of CF8M, CA6NM, or 17-4PH stainless grades. Compliance documentation refers to ASTM A985/A985M-20 for general requirements for steel investment castings, ASTM A351/A351M for austenitic castings used in pressure-containing service, and ISO 9001:2015 for process traceability. Terminal product types include gate valve bodies, globe valve bonnets, centrifugal pump impellers, volute casings, mixer blades, and sanitary coupling bodies. The process boundary is that printed pattern removal from deep volute cores must be verified by sectioning; if CE-NT residue remains after dewax, shell firing above 950 °C can oxidize the residue to gas and create blow defects in the first article casting.
Medical foundries casting cobalt-chromium-molybdenum femoral stems, tibial trays, and acetabular shells use sacrificial patterns that must be eliminated cleanly before vacuum induction melting because residual carbon from an incomplete dewax cycle can shift the carbon content of the alloy and alter the carbide distribution in the finished implant. CR-WT 200 is printed at 100% as-supplied concentration without thermoplastic filler addition or external wax modification, while CE-NT support material is consumed in a separate MultiJet Printing reservoir; for cementless stems with porous surface arrays and internal trunnion bores, support-to-pattern volume can rise to 30–50% of the build volume due to the need to maintain open pores during pattern removal. Patterns are assembled onto a central tree, coated with a zircon or yttria prime slurry, backed with aluminosilicate layers, autoclaved at 150–170 °C, and fired at 1050–1200 °C before vacuum investment casting of CoCrMo alloy. Governing standards for the terminal devices include ISO 5832-4:2014 for cobalt-chromium-molybdenum casting alloy, ASTM F75-18 for surgical implant alloy, ISO 10993-1:2018 for biological evaluation, and ISO 13485:2016 for medical device quality systems. Terminal product types include hip stems, tibial trays, femoral condyles, acetabular shells, shoulder glenoid components, and spinal interbody cages. The operational limitation is that published data on the reaction of CE-NT residue with yttria face coats during high-temperature shell firing is limited; foundries are advised to validate dewax completion through pre-casting shell fracture inspection and carbon analysis of poured coupons before production qualification.
When automotive turbocharger turbine wheels are manufactured by investment casting rather than machining, the internal passages and thin blade edges demand pattern materials that can be printed without assembled wax injection tooling and then removed from the shell without distorting the ceramic core. CR-WT 200 is used as the direct-build pattern material at 100% as-supplied concentration; CE-NT is jetted only in the support zones of the hub backbore and blade root undercuts, with support-to-pattern mass fraction in production runs of small turbine wheels typically between 20% and 40%, controlled by support generation parameters rather than by formulation. The printed patterns are shelled with a fine zircon prime coat and 6–8 backup layers, autoclaved at 150–170 °C, fired at 1000–1150 °C, and cast in vacuum induction equipment using nickel-base superalloys such as Inconel 713C or MAR-M 247. Casting quality is evaluated against AMS 2175 for casting classification and inspection, ASTM E192 reference radiographs for investment castings in aerospace applications, and AS9100D where the wheels feed aerospace-adjacent supply chains. Terminal product types include turbocharger turbine wheels, variable turbine geometry vanes, exhaust manifold stubs, and wastegate lever arms. The principal process boundary is that wall sections below 0.5 mm may require a modified shell prime coat to avoid shell cracking during rapid dewax; published data for this specific combination is limited, and first-article non-destructive testing is necessary to establish the casting limit for each new wheel geometry.
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The 3D Systems VisiJet RWT-ENT-D55 Multi-Material Composite designation refers to a digitally metered photopolymer output rather than a single bottled resin. The printable condition combines VisiJet CR-WT 200 rigid white photopolymer and VisiJet CE-NT elastomeric natural photopolymer in a ratio defined by the 3D Sprint build processor. The D55 suffix denotes a target Shore D55 hardness under ASTM D2240, placing the response between the rigid parent material and the elastomeric parent. Production hardware is the ProJet MJP 5500X dual-channel MultiJet Printing system, which jets the two feedstocks at 1200 × 1200 dpi. The composite is not a homogeneous solution; it is a layerwise photopolymerized two-phase structure with droplet-level hard and soft domains. This microstructure requires orientation-specific evaluation because vertical tensile response is governed by interlayer conversion, while in-plane response is governed by droplet coalescence and UV dose. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; first-article testing is therefore required for load-bearing parts.
Within the ProJet MJP 5500X, the build envelope for the paired material set is 533 × 381 × 193 mm. Layer thickness is selectable within the 16–32 µm range, depending on the machine profile and print mode. The D55 composite does not require a separate support material beyond the standard support grade used with the parent materials; support is removed in a heated bath after printing. The composite remains solid at typical support-removal temperatures, but CE-NT-rich regions may soften sooner than CR-WT 200-rich regions. Rack contact during wax removal should therefore be limited. Ambient relative humidity above 60% can alter photopolymer surface moisture and interlayer conversion; print-room humidity control is necessary for reproducible hardness and tensile data. The equipment manufacturer’s environmental specification remains the governing limit.
During cartridge conditioning, the input materials are not identical in viscosity. CR-WT 200 is the higher-viscosity rigid phase; CE-NT is the lower-viscosity elastomeric phase. A drift in either cartridge lot can shift the effective blend ratio even when the 3D Sprint label remains unchanged. Batch-to-batch variation is detected most directly by printing a prime pattern and confirming channel line width before production parts are started. This is a production-scale control measure rather than a design property. Specification values for the D55 composite should be read only from the current manufacturer datasheet with the associated build mode and specimen orientation. A property reported without the build orientation is not a valid design input because the material is anisotropic. The same caution applies to comparisons with other VisiJet grades; horizontal ductility does not imply equivalent vertical performance. When tooling or fixtures are designed with the D55 material, the safety factor on vertical interfaces should be larger than the safety factor on in-plane surfaces, based on flexural data generated under ISO 178.
In a single-material MJP build, the primary discontinuities are interlayer boundaries and cure gradients. In the RWT-ENT-D55 composite, an additional stiffness mismatch exists between adjacent CR-WT 200 droplets and CE-NT droplets. The printed transition zone can be continuous in the build processor, but the physical transition is limited by droplet placement accuracy and print-head crossover. An excessively abrupt change from rigid to elastomeric composition creates a stress concentration that can lower tensile elongation and initiate crack growth under repeated flexural loading. Tensile coupons with the transition in the gauge section are more diagnostic than homogeneous coupons because they reveal whether the interface or the parent material fails first. A Shore D55 reading cannot detect local delamination because the durometer indenter averages both phases across a mm-scale footprint. If the transition is thinner than several droplet diameters, interlaminar peel testing per ASTM D6862 is appropriate. If the transition is graded over a longer distance, the part behaves more like a functionally graded structure and can distribute stress more evenly.
Process control for the D55 grade should include periodic measurement of UV irradiance, print-head temperature, and prime-pattern symmetry. Partial clogging of one material channel may not stop the build but changes the local blend ratio. A drop in CE-NT droplet output raises the local hardness and reduces elongation without necessarily changing the global part label. In production environments, this is a more common failure mode than bulk material property drift. The result may pass a hardness test but fail a tensile elongation test, which is why hardness-only acceptance is insufficient.
When multiple parts or insert volumes carry different D55-adjacent regions, the transition zone should be designed with a finite width rather than a knife-edge boundary. The build processor can assign material ratios at the voxel level, but the cured part does not possess the same fidelity as the voxel map. A transition zone built in the X-Y plane is more repeatable than one built perpendicular to the jetting plane. Perpendicular transitions introduce a layered alternation of hard and soft material; such alternation is useful for controlled hinge zones but may reduce peel resistance measured per ASTM D6862. If peel resistance is the governing requirement, the part should be oriented so the dominant peel load acts along the X-Y plane. Symmetry of gradient length reduces curl during support removal. Differential shrinkage between the rigid and elastomer phases can bow thin sections when the transition is one-sided; a balanced gradient or rigid frame is often required.
Hardness testing per ASTM D2240 on a printed plaque is quick but insufficient as a sole specification. The D55 value represents an averaged indentation response that may be duplicated by at least two different CR-WT 200/CE-NT blend ratios. Tensile testing per ASTM D638 on printed coupons should be part of first-article qualification. The coefficient of variation is generally lower for horizontally printed coupons than for vertically printed coupons because z-axis interlayer boundaries dominate the vertical test. For elastomer-rich zones, tensile and elongation testing per ASTM D412 is more applicable than ASTM D638. Tear testing per ASTM D624 is recommended when the part includes a transition zone because tearing may initiate at the interface rather than in a homogeneous region. Die-cut specimens are not recommended for D55 qualification because die-induced edge damage can dominate the result; printed specimens should be used.
| Property class | Test standard | Use condition for RWT-ENT-D55 |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | ASTM D2240 | Printed plaque; thickness must meet standard minimum |
| Tensile | ASTM D638 | Horizontal and vertical printed coupons |
| Elastomer tensile | ASTM D412 | CE-NT-rich zones and elastomer parent |
| Tear | ASTM D624 | Transition-zone and elastomer-rich regions |
| Peel | ASTM D6862 | Interphase durability in z-axis |
| Biocompatibility | ISO 10993 | Not assumed; end-user validation required |
Incoming-material control should track cartridge lot number, storage temperature, and expiration date because the D55 output is a process-defined grade. A cartridge left near the upper storage limit may show reduced viscosity and change the blend ratio. The print log should record head temperature, UV lamp serial number, prime-pattern result, and support-removal bath temperature. These variables are often omitted in prototype laboratories and represent a larger source of mechanical variability than the nominal difference between Shore D55 and adjacent digital grades. The D55 grade should not be evaluated solely from raw-material datasheets; the printed condition is the only valid mechanical baseline.
For regulatory documentation, the two parent materials may list the D55 composite indirectly. End users should request the material safety data sheets for VisiJet CR-WT 200 and VisiJet CE-NT separately and evaluate the cured composite for the relevant end-use standard. FDA 21 CFR food-contact status and ISO 10993 biocompatibility are not automatic; they require application-specific validation. Supply-chain documentation should record the D55 grade as a build-process output, not as a raw material CAS number. This distinction is important for import/export classification and for incoming quality records.
The D55 composite is not a high-elongation material. Applications that require repeated extension, low compression set, or low modulus should remain with CE-NT alone. A bellows or diaphragm printed in D55 may exhibit lower fatigue life under repeated flexural fatigue testing per ASTM D7774 because rigid domains concentrate strain in the elastomer phase. Conversely, a precision locating surface that requires high flexural modulus should remain with CR-WT 200; the D55 grade will deflect more under clamp load when flexural modulus is measured per ISO 178. The D55 material is best used for covers, clips, grips, jigs, and prototype overmolded assemblies where an intermediate hardness reduces part count. Molded thermoplastic elastomers and cast silicone retain higher tear resistance per ASTM D624 and larger strain-to-break per ASTM D412 than jetted photopolymer composites; direct substitution should be tested under the service temperature, strain rate, and cleaning-agent exposure. UV stability and shelf life are not equivalent to engineering thermoplastics; unused cartridges should be stored within the manufacturer’s temperature range and consumed before expiration.
Powder-bed fusion multi-material is not the same as droplet-level digital composite formation; the D55 process uses UV-curable jetted photopolymer rather than thermally fused polymer powder. Compared with dual-extruder fused filament fabrication, the D55 build has finer droplet resolution and permits a smoother rigid-elastomeric transition, but the photopolymer network has lower thermal resistance as measured by heat deflection temperature under ASTM D648 than unfilled polyamide or polycarbonate. Transition zones in the D55 part are produced by mixing at the print head, not by splicing filaments. Unlike cast polyurethane, the D55 route eliminates mold tooling and permits internal rigid-elastomer boundaries in a single build; however, the resulting material is a thermoset acrylate with standard photopolymer limitations. The D55 grade cannot be ordered as a separate cartridge; it exists only as a build-processor composite from the two parent VisiJet grades. That is the primary specification difference from VisiJet CR-WT 200 and VisiJet CE-NT, which are purchased as discrete materials.
Common failure modes in D55 production builds include transition-zone banding, edge curl at asymmetric transitions, soft-surface scuffing during support removal, and durometer drift caused by cartridge aging. Bending tests on thin ribs should be performed per ISO 178 before releasing a design to production; the rib-base transition is the most likely crack initiation site. For parts with thin elastomeric pads on rigid bosses, the pad thickness should be set relative to the durometer indenter footprint; pads thinner than the indenter diameter give falsely high hardness readings under ASTM D2240. If the design cannot accommodate a full-thickness pad, the hardness requirement should be replaced by a deflection test or by Taber abrasion testing per ASTM D4060 for grip surfaces.
