| HS Code | 383545 |
| Materialtype | Multi-Material Composite |
| Componenta | VisiJet CR-BK |
| Componentb | VisiJet CE-NT |
| Color | Black |
| Compatibleprinter | ProJet 5500X |
As an accredited 3D Systems VisiJet RBK-ENT-D60 Multi-Material Composites (VisiJet CR-BK + VisiJet CE-NT factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
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VisiJet RBK-ENT-D60 is supplied as two separate photopolymer feedstocks—VisiJet CR-BK and VisiJet CE-NT—that are combined by MultiJet Printing printheads as a voxel-level digital material. The D60 designation corresponds to a target hardness of Shore D60 measured under ASTM D2240-15. No offline mechanical mixing step exists. The CR-BK phase is assigned to load-bearing shells, bosses, and latch hooks. The CE-NT phase is assigned to flexing zones, sealing lips, and impact-absorbing corners. The spatial ratio of the two components is determined by printhead jetting frequency and grayscale control within each 32 µm layer. Build platforms with 800 × 900 × 790 dpi addressability are commonly used for this material family. Wax-based support removal is required after printing. Process temperature shall remain below the heat deflection temperature determined per ASTM D648-16. Drainage channels must be positioned to avoid trapped wax in blind cavities. Compliance for general industrial articles follows the REACH regulation EU 1907/2006. Cure completeness must be verified because unpolymerised residue on a printed article may trigger separate obligations. The terminal output is an engineering-grade functional prototype or short-run production part. Operators shall verify tensile behaviour using ASTM D638-14 Type IV specimens built in the same orientation as the production part. Dimensional acceptance follows ISO 2768-1:1989 medium tolerance class unless a tighter additively manufactured geometry standard is contractually specified. Property anisotropy must be considered before quoting bilateral tolerance bands below ±0.2 mm for features over 100 mm.
Sealing applications with repeated compression cycles against rigid counterfaces benefit from the D60 composite when the CR-BK phase constrains cold flow and the CE-NT phase conforms to surface roughness. Appliance door gaskets, pump diaphragm housings, and inspection hatch seals are printed with lip thicknesses between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm. Compression-set testing is carried out according to ASTM D395-16e1 Method B under 25 % deflection. Published data for this specific CR-BK/CE-NT digital configuration is limited. Internal correlation lots are therefore required before production release. Tear resistance is measured on Die C nicked specimens under ASTM D624-00(2020). The test shall be performed in both X-Y plane and Z build axis because MJP photopolymer interfaces can show lower Z-axis tear strength. Support removal is a critical step. Wax left inside a closed sealing channel changes the effective cross-section and leads to erratic compression-load-deflection curves. After support removal, the part is conditioned at 23 °C ± 2 °C and 50 % ± 5 % relative humidity for 24 h before hardness verification. For food-contact sealing proposals, migration testing to EU 10/2011 Annex V is not automatically satisfied by the liquid resin datasheet. Final printed parts must be tested for overall migration and specific migration limits of photoinitiator by-products. The D60 composite is usually assigned to short-run replacement gaskets where production tooling is either unavailable or dimensionally unstable.
| Validation parameter | Standard | As-built check |
|---|---|---|
| Hardness | ASTM D2240-15 | Shore D60 target on X-Y flat coupon |
| Compression set | ASTM D395-16e1 Method B | 25 % deflection, 22 h at 23 °C, report orientation |
| Tear resistance | ASTM D624-00(2020) | Die C nicked specimen, compare X-Y and Z |
Benchtop diagnostic enclosures and surgical navigation display housings require shell rigidity combined with drop protection at corners and tether points. The D60 composite allows the CR-BK phase to be assigned to mounting bosses and internal PCB standoffs while the CE-NT phase forms edge returns and hinge regions. This is not a bulk mixture. The digital ratio changes spatially within the same layer. The resulting housing is built at 32 µm layer thickness on an MJP platform. After printing, wax-based support is removed below the composite heat deflection temperature. The part is then conditioned at 23 °C ± 2 °C for dimensional inspection. When the housing is used only for engineering evaluation, ISO 10993 screening is not required. When skin-contact or patient-contact evaluation is requested, lot-specific testing to ISO 10993-5:2009 and ISO 10993-10:2021 is necessary because final part biocompatibility is a function of post-processing and cleaning. UV-cured photopolymers can contain residual monomers that are not present in the raw resin certificate. For design controls under 21 CFR 820.30, the printed housing is classified as a device component only after risk assessment. The terminal product is a functional prototype or clinical training unit, not an implantable or long-term skin-contact device. Snap-fit retention testing follows internal load-deflection curves, but the relevant material test remains ASTM D790-17 for flexural modulus and ASTM D256-10(2018) for notched impact. Build orientation must be recorded because flexural modulus measured on X-Y specimens can differ from that measured on Z-axis specimens. This anisotropy limits bilateral tolerances for thickness-critical wall sections below 1.5 mm.
Within low-volume vehicle programme builds, the D60 composite is assigned to interior harness clip bodies and pass-through grommets rather than sustained underhood heat cycling. The CR-BK phase holds the clip tower and retention geometry during insertion. The CE-NT phase provides snap-arm return after deformation. Clip beam thickness below 1.0 mm can exhibit creep relaxation at cabin soak temperatures. Published data for this specific configuration is limited above 45 °C. Automotive interior engineering evaluations commonly reference heat ageing at 80 °C for 500 h, but that protocol is only valid after the resin supplier’s thermal stability data confirms survival of the MJP-generated rigid-elastomer interface. The part is built with different voxel assignments for the beam root, mid-beam, and retention barb. Build orientation is selected so that maximum bending stress is not applied directly across the Z-interface planes. Unsupported snap arms printed in the Z axis can delaminate during insertion because MJP photopolymer layers create local weakness at the CR-BK/CE-NT boundary. The process includes nozzle purge cycles before each build and support wax removal with continuous drainage from the grommet bore. For parts shipped into EU assembly lines, REACH Article 33 communication obligations apply to candidate-list substances above 0.1 % w/w. The terminal product is a low-volume service part or pre-production validation part that replaces injection-moulded polyamide grommets without cutting steel tooling. Dimensional verification uses ISO 2768-1:1989 medium tolerance unless the print job is validated with a first-article report against a CMM reference.
Vacuum gripper faces with integral suction channels and lip seals are printed for wafer cassette handling in ISO Class 7 assembly areas. The D60 composite prevents seal collapse under vacuum pressures between -40 kPa and -80 kPa. The CE-NT phase maintains conformability against polypropylene cassette ribs and polycarbonate front-opening unified pod flanges. Outgassing must be screened under ASTM E595-15 before selection for ISO Class 5 or lower cleanrooms. Static-dissipative performance is not inherent to RBK-ENT-D60. ESD-sensitive applications require external ionizers or conductive surface coatings. Coating adhesion on the low-surface-energy CE-NT phase is verified by cross-cut testing to ISO 2409:2013. The D60 composite is built in the X-Y orientation to reduce staircase artefacts on sealing lips. Wax residuals in internal vacuum channels must be completely removed. Blocked channels reduce the effective flow coefficient and trigger venturi generator motor overload in production. Long-term exposure to isopropyl alcohol is not fully characterised. Published data for this specific configuration is limited. Solvent contact should be restricted to 10 % isopropyl alcohol wipe-downs followed by dry-air flushing. The digital ratio of CR-BK to CE-NT is not adjustable by the operator, so end-effector design must work within the fixed Shore D60 property envelope. Terminal products are replaceable gripper faces used on pick-and-place systems in semiconductor backend and printed circuit board handling. Vacuum leak decay testing is performed with a calibrated mass-flow meter after 24 h conditioning at 23 °C.
Orthotic footwear lasting boards and low-volume orthopaedic shank prototypes are produced without cutting die tooling. The D60 composite is used where the lasting board must transition from rigid forefoot support to flexible arch articulation. The CR-BK phase forms the central stiffening rib and staple retention band. The CE-NT phase forms the thinner peripheral flexure zones that allow forefoot rocker motion. Flexural fatigue is tested on printed coupons in the X-Y plane and Z axis under repeated three-point bending to ASTM D790-17. Z-axis fatigue life can be shorter because MJP layering stresses concentrate at the rigid-elastomer transition. The digital ratio remains fixed as a print-engine-controlled voxel assignment. In production, parts are laid out flat with flexure lines perpendicular to the printer’s fast axis. Surface energy of the CE-NT phase is lower than the CR-BK phase. Adhesive bonding to EVA or polyurethane midsoles requires a two-part polyurethane adhesive or cyanoacrylate with primer. Bond shear is verified using ISO 4587:2003. Solvent wipe-down with acetone before bonding may cause microcracking in thin flexure zones and is not recommended. Compliance for footwear subcomponents supplied to the EU requires REACH SVHC screening and Annex XVII review for the final article. The terminal product is an orthotic prototype, clinical trial device, or custom service part for diabetic footwear assessment.
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3D Systems VisiJet RBK-ENT-D60 is a multi-material composite printing kit for MultiJet Printing that pairs VisiJet CR-BK, a rigid black photopolymer, with VisiJet CE-NT, an elastomeric natural photopolymer. The RBK-ENT-D60 designation identifies a digitally blended build material target of 60 Shore D, produced in the jetting process through voxel-level selection of the two constituents rather than through pre-mixing of a single liquid resin. The kit is qualified for use on the ProJet MJP 5600 platform with a build envelope of 518 mm × 381 mm × 300 mm; the platform’s native resolution is 600 × 600 dpi, and high-definition mode uses a nominal layer thickness of 13 µm. The composite is intended for functional prototypes, tactile surfaces, and short-run industrial components that require a black semi-rigid response with more compliance than a homogeneous rigid photopolymer.
The material is not supplied as a filament, powder, or castable resin. It is installed in the printer’s two material channels and remains fluid until UV exposure. Because the final part contains spatially distributed rigid and elastomeric phases, mechanical behavior cannot be inferred from a single constituent datasheet. Qualification specimens should be printed in the same orientation and with the same printer parameters as the production part. Tensile properties are commonly tested with ASTM D638 Type IV specimens; durometer is tested against ASTM D2240; tear resistance of elastomer-rich regions is measured with ASTM D624 Die C. The supplier’s published data for the D60 composite itself is limited, so end-use performance data must be generated before production release.
The product code decomposes into RBK for rigid black, ENT for elastomeric natural, and D60 for the target Shore D durometer. The two feedstocks are not blended in a static mixer. The print engine selectively deposits CR-BK and CE-NT in a software-defined voxel pattern or in user-defined discrete regions. The resulting microstructure is similar to a three-dimensional interpenetrating network, where the rigid phase supplies modulus and the elastomer phase supplies recovery. This is distinct from a chemically grafted block copolymer or a filled silicone; the two acrylate systems cure under UV exposure but may not form covalent bonds across every voxel interface. Interface adhesion depends on the cure conversion of both materials at the moment of contact and on the presence of oxygen at the droplet surface. High curing intensity reduces oxygen inhibition and improves interfacial strength, but excessive UV dose can embrittle the CE-NT-rich domains.
CR-BK and CE-NT are supplied as separate materials and are heated independently by the printer’s print head control system. The print head’s piezoelectric actuators eject droplets only when viscosity is within the range appropriate for drop-on-demand operation; the printer controls this by maintaining the materials at supplier-calibrated setpoints, and the user does not adjust hot-melt temperatures as an open-loop parameter. The two constituents are filtered before entering the jetting assembly to protect the nozzles from agglomerated photoinitiator or pigment particles. Build interruptions on production machines show that nozzle dropout on the CE-NT channel is a common cause of local Shore D deviation in the D60 composite. Operators should perform print head purge cycles before critical builds and inspect the nozzle plate for partially blocked or deviated jets.
Layer thickness is a primary lever. The platform supports nominal Z steps of 13 µm and 29 µm. For the D60 material, the thinner layer setting improves the resolution of elastomer-to-rigid boundaries and reduces stair-step artifacts on curved elastomer features, but it increases build time relative to the thicker layer for a part of equal height. At the native jetting resolution of 600 × 600 dpi, the X-Y voxel pitch is approximately 42.3 µm; at 13 µm layer thickness the voxel is anisotropic, and this anisotropy is visible in mechanical testing. The UV curing system irradiates each layer before the next layer is applied, so the D60 composite develops a stratified structure with rigid CR-BK domains within a CE-NT-rich matrix. Interface strength between the two phases depends on UV dose and the time between droplet deposition and cure; excessive delay allows the lower-viscosity CE-NT phase to spread and dilute the CR-BK boundary.
Operators do not set material ratios directly for a certified D60 build. The printer software maps the target digital material to a fixed dot-pattern recipe stored in the printer’s firmware. Changing the recipe is not user accessible. This protects the D60 durometer target from ad-hoc mixing errors but also means that an operator cannot compensate for a drifted CE-NT lot by adjusting the ratio. If the incoming material viscosity is at the edge of the accepted range, the same recipe may produce parts with Shore D values outside the expected range. Incoming lot acceptance should include a small printed plaque tested with ASTM D2240 before a production batch is started.
| Requirement | Test method or standard | Use in D60 qualification |
|---|---|---|
| Shore hardness | ASTM D2240 | Record after 15 s on a plaque representative of the end-use wall thickness; report scale D |
| Tensile strength and elongation | ASTM D638 | Type IV specimen, printed in XY and Z orientation |
| Tear resistance | ASTM D624 | Die C, elastomer-rich zones, crosshead speed 500 mm/min |
| Flexural modulus | ASTM D790 | Rigid phase comparison; support-side surface must be finished |
| Flammability | UL 94 | Only if end-use application requires a flame rating; supplier data may be limited |
| RoHS hazardous substance screening | Directive 2011/65/EU | Supplier declaration in SDS; not an end-use certification |
Against the mono-material alternatives, RBK-ENT-D60 occupies an intermediate region. The CR-BK component is a rigid black material with Shore D hardness typically in the 80–85 range and tensile strength in the 30–50 MPa range depending on orientation. CE-NT is an elastomeric natural material with Shore A hardness typically below 40 and elongation at break above 150%. The D60 composite is engineered to combine the black color and load-bearing capacity of the rigid phase with the strain tolerance of the elastomer. Unlike a homogeneous rigid photopolymer, the D60 composite can recover from moderate bending without brittle fracture; unlike a pure CE-NT part, it resists gross deformation under compressive load. The trade-off is a lower tensile strength than CR-BK and a lower ultimate elongation than CE-NT. Published data for the exact D60 blend is limited, so linear interpolation between the two feedstocks is not valid because the cured phase geometry, not just the mass ratio, controls performance.
The presence of two cured polymers also changes chemical resistance. CE-NT-rich surfaces are more prone to swelling in polar solvents than CR-BK surfaces. Cleaning validation should include a dimensional check before and after solvent exposure. A common practice is to restrict isopropanol contact to less than 10 minutes and to dry parts at 40 °C for 2 hours before measurement. The user should verify this procedure against the supplier’s post-processing guide because solvent interaction data for the D60 composite is not published in the standard datasheet.
Design rules change in three areas. First, layer-orientation anisotropy dominates. A printed Type IV tensile bar built flat in the X-Y plane may show higher elongation than a bar built vertically because the vertical bar has interlayer boundaries normal to the applied load. Isotropic material properties from molded resins should not be transferred to the D60 composite without tensile testing per ASTM D638 in both orientations. Second, the rigid/elastomer interface creates a fatigue-sensitive path. Under repeated flexing, cracks initiate at the voxel boundaries and propagate through the elastomer phase. If the part must survive repeated cyclic loading, coupon-level fatigue testing under the actual strain range is required; the supplier does not publish S-N curves for the D60 composite. Third, thermal softening of the CE-NT phase limits service temperature. The rigid CR-BK phase may retain hardness above 60 °C, but the elastomer network loses recovery force as temperature rises. Sustained exposure above the supplier’s stated heat deflection temperature should be avoided unless validated for the specific load and dwell time.
Compared with mono-material VisiJet CR-BK, the D60 composite trades surface hardness and tensile modulus for elongation and tear resistance. Compared with pure VisiJet CE-NT, it adds rigidity, machinability, and a black appearance. This places the D60 composite in applications such as grips, covers, seals, and protective housings where a rigid outer surface and a compliant response are both required. The product is not a replacement for high-elongation cast elastomers when elongation above 300% is required, nor is it a replacement for high-stiffness engineering plastics when tensile modulus above 2,000 MPa is required.
Wax support removal for the MJP platform is performed in a temperature-controlled melt-out unit followed by detergent or oil rinses. The D60 composite’s elastomer-rich areas should not be exposed to melt-out temperatures above the recommended setting for CE-NT; excessive heat can create surface tack and dimensional drift. After support removal, parts may be rinsed in isopropanol, but prolonged immersion can extract low-molecular-weight species from the elastomer and shift Shore D downward by several points. Mechanical finishing of the D60 composite is possible by light sanding or tumbling, but aggressive vibratory finishing can remove the softer CE-NT matrix preferentially and leave raised CR-BK islands on the surface. For validation builds, record the printer serial number, material lot, layer thickness, and post-processing time because batch-to-batch variation in CE-NT can alter the final Shore D response by 2–3 points.
Process safety data is contained in the supplier SDS. The user is responsible for verifying REACH and RoHS status for the target market. The composite is not certified for food contact or medical use solely by the machine manufacturer; end-use compliance must be established under the applicable regulation.
